CN115176541A - Multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional sowing and planting functions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function, which comprises a ground preparation slotting module and a power system, and the two are drivingly connected; the ground preparation slotting module includes a slotting element, and the slotting element can A planting ditch is opened in the land; the multi-functional agricultural equipment also includes a seeding module and a transplanting module, the two do not operate at the same time, and the power system provides power for the modules that perform operations in the two; the seeding module and the transplanting module The two modules are respectively capable of sowing and inserting seedlings in the planting ditch, and at least the transplanting module can be disassembled relative to the ground preparation slotting module. The multi-functional agricultural equipment with optional planting function of the present invention, through the modular design, enables users to configure the equipment as needed to perform corresponding operations during use, and the operation modes are diverse, which can meet various needs in crop planting and reduce the number of users. reduce the purchase cost of equipment and improve production efficiency.

Description

A multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function.

Background technique

There are many links in the agricultural planting process, such as soil preparation, planting, fertilization, etc., and there are many classifications of planting methods. Generally, there are two types of sowing and transplanting. In addition, in the process of planting certain crops, there are also ditching and soil covering. and so on. Existing agricultural equipment can generally only meet some of the above-mentioned links, and other items need other equipment to complete, especially sowing and transplanting. Because the planting methods of the two are completely different, they cannot be compatible in the same equipment. In the prior art, there is no shortage of combined working machines with many functions, but when a single operation such as fertilization is required, the combined working machine cannot meet the demand. Therefore, it is necessary for large-scale planting enterprises to be equipped with many machines. low efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function that can be modularly designed and can be configured on demand.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above purpose, the multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function of the present invention includes a ground preparation slotting module and a power system, and the two are drivingly connected; the ground preparation slotting module includes a slotting element, and the The slotting element can open a planting trench in the ground; the multifunctional agricultural equipment further includes a seeding module and a transplanting module, the two do not operate at the same time, and the power system provides power for the module that performs the operation in the two; the Both the sowing module and the transplanting module are capable of sowing and inserting seedlings in the planting trench, respectively, and at least the transplanting module can be disassembled relative to the ground preparation slotting module.

Further, a fertilization module is also included; the fertilization module can operate independently, and can also operate simultaneously with one of the seeding module and the transplanting module.

Further, it also includes a soil-covering module, which can be disassembled and assembled relative to the ground preparation slotting module and the transplanting module, respectively; when the sowing operation is performed, the transplanting module is removed, and the soil-covering module is installed On the rear side of the ground preparation slotting module; when performing transplanting operations, the transplanting module is connected to the rear side of the ground preparation slotting module, and the soil covering module is installed on the rear side of the transplanting module.

Further, it also includes a soil covering module, which includes a connecting frame and a soil covering wheel assembly installed on the rear side of the connecting frame; the front end of the connecting frame is connected to the rear side of the ground preparation slotting module, and the length of the connecting frame can be adjusted. When performing a planting operation, the transplanting module is removed, and the connecting frame is in a shortened state; when performing a transplanting operation, the connecting frame is in an extended state, and the connecting frame passes through the moving planting module.

Further, it also includes a profiling adjustment module; when the transplanting module operates, the transplanting module is connected to the ground preparation and slitting module through the profiling adjustment module; the profiling adjustment module includes a hanger, a lifting oil cylinder , detection wheel device and flow adjustment device;

The hanging frame includes a front frame body, a rear frame body, and a floating frame body therebetween; the front frame body and the rear frame body are respectively connected to the ground leveling slotting module and the transplanting module, and At least one of the two can be disassembled relative to the module to which it is connected; the lifting oil cylinder is used to change the shape of the floating frame to make the transplanting module move up and down; the detection wheel device acts on the flow An adjustment device is used to change the state of oil supply to the lift cylinder.

Further, the flow regulating device includes a regulating valve and a first forcing rod, the first forcing rod can act on the valve core of the regulating valve; a plurality of left and right directions are installed on the rear frame body In the distributed distribution of the detection wheel devices, all the detection wheel devices are connected to the same first force application rod through a pull wire.

Further, the transplanting module includes a plurality of transplanting mechanisms, the transplanting mechanisms have implanting needles, and a groove deepening element corresponding to each of the transplanting mechanisms is rotatably installed on the rear frame body, so the The groove deepening element is placed on the front side of the transplanting mechanism, and the movement track of the end of the implanting needle is close to the groove deepening element.

Further, the leveling and slotting module includes a relatively fixed first module base and a cover body, the cover body is provided with a front and rear rotary tiller group and a blocking rod group, and the rear side of the cover body is provided with a flexible The earth retaining plate is provided with a metal strip on the lower side of the earth retaining plate.

Further, the leveling slotting module further includes a soil leveling roller installed on the rear side of the soil retaining plate and capable of rotating actively, and the slotting element is a slotted disc fixed on the soil leveling roller.

Further, it also includes a trenching module, the trenching module can be disassembled relative to the leveling and slitting module; when the trenching module is installed on the leveling and slitting module, the trenching module is placed on the The rear side of the rotary tiller group is centrally installed relative to the rotary tiller group; the trenching module includes a trenching shovel and a trench wall compaction disc; the trenching shovel is arranged around the rotary tiller group The ditch wall compaction disc is mounted on the soil leveling roller and can be disassembled relative to the soil leveling roller.

Further, the ditching module includes a detachable base, and the detachable base can be disassembled relative to the first module base; the front side of the upper end of the ditching shovel is rotatably mounted on the detachable base Above, a compression spring is arranged between the rear side of the upper end of the trenching shovel and the detachable seat.

Further, the rotary tiller group has a middle cutter head and side cutter groups placed on both sides of the middle cutter group; the middle cutter group has a center cutter head, and each side of the center cutter head is far away from the center cutter head. The first cutter head and the second cutter head are arranged in sequence in the direction of the central cutter head; the number of rotary tillers included in the central cutter head, the second cutter head and the first cutter head decreases sequentially from front to back ; The number of left tillers and right tillers included in the centering cutter head are equal, and the bending directions of all the rotary tillers in the first cutter head deviate from the centering cutter head; in the second cutter head The number of rotary tillers whose bending direction is toward the central cutter head is greater than the number of rotary tillers whose bending direction is away from the central cutter head.

Further, the power system includes a power access box, the power access box has a first input shaft and a plurality of first output shafts; wherein one of the first output shafts and the rotary tillage of the ground preparation and slotting module The cutter group is drivingly connected; the other first output shafts are used to directly or indirectly drive all or part of other active components to run.

Further, one of the first output shafts is connected to a control box, and the control box includes a second input shaft connected to the first output shaft and a second output shaft used to connect the transplanting module; the first output shaft A variable speed assembly and a plant spacing adjustment assembly are arranged between an output shaft and the second output shaft;

The speed change assembly includes a speed change device, and the plant distance adjustment assembly includes a plant distance adjustment shaft and a plant distance adjustment device; the speed change device can make the second input shaft connect to the power of different standard rotation speeds, so that the distance between the plant distance adjustment shaft is adjusted. The speed remains the same;

The plant spacing adjusting device is used to adjust the transmission speed ratio between the plant spacing adjusting shaft and the second output shaft.

Further, the speed change device includes a speed change shaft, a first gear and a second gear fixed on the second input shaft, and a sliding wheel set slidably installed on the speed change shaft, the sliding wheel The set includes a relatively fixed third gear and a fourth gear; a first gear set is arranged between the speed change shaft and the plant spacing adjustment shaft; the sliding wheel set can be switched between three positions, which are neutral positions respectively. and the first position and the second position on both sides of the neutral position; when the sliding wheel set is in the neutral position, the third gear and the fourth gear are placed between the first gear and the second gear; When the sliding wheel set is in the first position, the first gear meshes with the third gear, and the transmission ratio between the second input shaft and the transmission shaft is the first transmission ratio; when the When the sliding wheel set is in the second position, the second gear meshes with the fourth gear, and the transmission ratio between the second input shaft and the transmission shaft is the second transmission ratio.

Further, the plant spacing adjustment assembly further includes an intermediate shaft in the power flow direction, the intermediate shaft is located between the plant spacing adjustment shaft and the second output shaft, and a second gear is passed between the intermediate shaft and the second output shaft. The group transmits power; a plurality of first adjustment gears are installed on the plant spacing adjustment shaft, the number of teeth of the first adjustment gears is not equal to each other, and the intermediate shaft is fixed on the intermediate shaft with the same number as the first adjustment gears and one-to-one correspondence. a meshed second adjustment gear; the plant spacing adjustment assembly further includes an engagement device that enables engagement between the different first adjustment gears and the plant spacing adjustment shaft.

Further, one of the first output shafts of the power system is connected to the third input shaft of the conversion box; the conversion box further includes two third output shafts; the two third output shafts are respectively connected to the first oil pump and the second oil pump , the first oil pump and the second oil pump are both connected to the oil tank;

Both the soil leveling roller of the ground preparation and slotting module and the transplanting mechanism of the transplanting module are driven and operated by a first hydraulic motor and a second hydraulic motor respectively;

The first oil pump is a double pump, and its two oil outlets are respectively connected to the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor;

The transplanting module is connected to the ground preparation and slotting module through a profiling adjustment module; the profiling adjustment module includes a hanger, a lifting oil cylinder and a flow regulating device;

The second oil pump is connected to the lifting oil cylinder through the flow regulating device.

Further, the conversion box further includes a transition shaft, and a first reduction wheel set is arranged between the third input shaft and the transition shaft; a large transmission wheel is fixed on the transition shaft, and each of the third A small transmission wheel meshing with the large transmission wheel is fixed on the output shaft.

Beneficial effects: the multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function of the present invention, through the modular design, enables users to configure the equipment as needed to perform corresponding operations during use, with various operation modes, which can meet various needs in crop planting , reduce the user's equipment purchase cost and improve production efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the split state diagram of all modules of the multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function;

Figure 2 is a side view structure diagram of agricultural equipment in the overall + transplanting mode;

Fig. 3 is the top view structure diagram of agricultural equipment in the overall + transplanting mode;

Figure 4 is a top view of the agricultural equipment in the overall + transplanting mode when the seedling blanket frame is divided into left and right parts;

Figure 5 is a side view structure diagram of agricultural equipment in the overall + fertilization + sowing mode;

Figure 6 is a top view of the agricultural equipment in the overall + fertilization + sowing mode;

Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a ground preparation slotting module;

8 is a cross-sectional view of a ground preparation slotting module;

Fig. 9 is the idle state diagram of earth retaining plate;

Figure 10 is the state diagram of the soil retaining plate when it is impacted by soil;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged structural view of part A in Fig. 1;

Figure 12 is an exploded structural diagram of a slotted element;

Figure 13 is a structural diagram of a groove wall compaction disc;

Figure 14 is a structural diagram of the middle knife group;

Figure 15 is a sectional structural view of the rotary tiller group;

Figure 16 is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the tail of the rotary tiller and the holding block;

17 is a top view of the structure of the power system in the first embodiment;

Figure 18 is a side view of the structure of the power system in the first embodiment;

Fig. 19 is the external structure diagram of the control box part;

Figure 20 is a first perspective structural diagram inside the control box;

Figure 21 is a cross-sectional structural view of the transmission assembly part;

Figure 22 is a second perspective structural diagram inside the control box;

Figure 23 is a cross-sectional structural view of the plant spacing adjustment assembly part;

Figure 24 is a top view of the structure of the power system in the second embodiment;

Figure 25 is a structural diagram of a conversion box;

Figure 26 is a structural diagram of a flow regulating device;

Figure 27 is a structural diagram of a buffer limit mechanism;

Figure 28 is a structural diagram of a detection wheel device;

Figure 29 is a hydraulic oil circuit diagram of the flow regulating device;

Figure 30 is a diagram showing the relationship between the movement track of the end of the implanting needle and the groove deepening element;

31 is a first structural diagram of a signal acquisition device;

FIG. 32 is a second structural diagram of the signal acquisition device.

In the figure: leveling and slitting module 1; first module base 11; cover 12; top cover 121; front cover 122; side plate 123; reinforcing rod 124; vertical adjustment rod 125; Side fixing plate 127; Roller 128; Rotary cutter group 13; Middle cutter group 13A; Center cutter head 131; First cutter head 132; Second cutter head 133; Side cutter group 13B; ; Central axis 13c; Holding block 13d; Elastic element 13e; Proximity sensor 13f; 173; soil leveling roller 18; second pre-pressing device 19; connecting seat 191; spring pressing mechanism 192;

Sowing module 2; Seed box 21; Seed metering device 22; Seed metering pipe 23;

transplanting module 3; seedling blanket rack 31; transplanting mechanism 32; planting needle 321; groove deepening element 33; seedling blanket rack 34;

Power system 4; Power access box 41; First input shaft 411; First output shaft 412; Control box 42; Second input shaft 421; Second output shaft 422; Group 425; Second gear group 426; First gear 42a; Second gear 42b; Third gear 42c; Fourth gear 42d; ; Intermediate shaft 42i; first adjusting gear 42j; second adjusting gear 42k; engaging ball 42m; second sliding shaft 42n; ; second universal joint 432; third universal joint 433; side gear box 434; chain drive assembly 435; conversion box 44; third input shaft 441; third output shaft 442; transition shaft 443; first reduction wheel Group 444; large transmission wheel 445; small transmission wheel 446; first oil pump 451; second oil pump 452; first hydraulic motor 453; second hydraulic motor 454; oil pump mounting seat 455;

Fertilization module 5; fertilizer box 51; fertilizer discharger 52; fertilizer discharge pipe 53;

Profile adjustment module 6; hanger 61; front frame body 61a; rear frame body 61b; floating frame body 61c; upper frame body 611; lower frame body 612; limit rod 613; wheel frame 631; intermediate wheel frame 632; floating wheel frame 633; detection wheel 634; first spring 635; adjusting handle 636; second connecting rod 637; Core 643; Holding position a; Slow rising position b; Rapid lifting position c; Slow descending position d; Rapid descending position e; Valve seat 644; Second spring 645; 67; mechanism base 671; third operating handle 672; first link 673; holding plate 674; holding unit 675; rotating shaft 676; follower plate 681; guide rod 682; guide sleeve 683; Three springs 685;

Signal acquisition device 7; ground wheel 71; first preloading device 72; floating wheel arm 721; spring preloading mechanism 722; first friction block 73; second friction block 74; speed sensor 75;

soil covering module 8; connecting frame 81; soil covering wheel assembly 82;

Ditching module 9; Ditching shovel 91; Envelope surface 91a; Ditch wall compaction disc 92; Flat side 92a; Conical surface 92b; Hoop 92c; Third screw 92d; shaped bolt 95.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1, the multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function includes a ground preparation and slotting module 1 and a power system 4, and the two are drivingly connected; the ground preparation and slotting module 1 includes a slotting element 17. The seam element 17 can open a planting trench in the ground; the multifunctional agricultural equipment also includes a seeding module 2 and a transplanting module 3, the two do not operate at the same time, and the power system 4 provides power for the modules that perform operations in the two. ; The sowing module 2 and the transplanting module 3 are both capable of sowing and inserting seedlings on the planting ditch, and at least the transplanting module 3 can be disassembled relative to the ground preparation slotting module 1.

The land preparation and slitting module 1 is used for rotary tillage, stubble removal and leveling treatment of the land. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7-8 , the leveling and slitting module 1 includes a relatively fixed first module base 11 and a cover body 12 , and the cover body 12 is provided with a front and rear rotary tiller group 13 As with the blocking rod group 14 , a flexible earth retaining plate 15 is arranged on the rear side of the cover body 12 , and a metal strip 16 is installed on the lower side of the earth retaining plate 15 . The ground leveling slotting module 1 also includes a soil leveling roller 18 that is installed on the rear side of the soil retaining plate 15 and can be actively rotated, and the slotting element 17 is a slotted circle fixed on the soil leveling roller 18 . plate.

The seeding module 2 includes a seed box 21 , a seed metering device 22 and a seed metering pipe 23 ;

The transplanting module 3 includes a seedling blanket frame 31 and a transplanting mechanism 32 , and the number of the seedling blanket frame 31 and the transplanting mechanism 32 is multiple, so that multi-channel transplanting operations can be performed at the same time. A seedling blanket is placed on the seedling blanket frame 31, and the transplanting mechanism 32 has a planting needle 321, and the planting needle 321 can run along a specific trajectory, so as to separate the plants in the seedling blanket and plant them in the planting. in the ditch. The overall structure and operation principle of the transplanting module 3 are consistent with the structure and operation principle of the rice transplanting mechanism in the rice transplanter, and will not be repeated here. In addition, the transplanting module 3 further includes a seedling blanket rack 33 that can be disassembled relative to the first module base 11 .

The agricultural equipment further includes a fertilization module 5 ; the fertilization module 5 can operate independently or simultaneously with one of the seeding module 2 and the transplanting module 3 .

The fertilizer application module 5 includes a fertilizer box 51 , a fertilizer discharger 52 and a fertilizer discharge pipe 53 .

With the above-mentioned modular structure, the agricultural equipment of the present invention can perform soil preparation + sowing, soil preparation + transplanting (as shown in Figures 2-4), soil preparation + fertilization, and soil preparation + fertilization + sowing (as shown in Figures 5-6) , soil preparation + fertilization + transplanting these 5 functional modes, users can choose functional modules according to the functional modes, and can remove unused modules to save energy.

In the soil preparation + fertilization + sowing mode, the rotary tiller group 13 first performs rotary tillage operation, the metal strip 16 pre-shaves the soil after rotary tillage, and then the fertilizer discharge pipe 53 casts fertilizer into the soil to form a fertilizer belt, and then the soil leveling roller 18 Flatten the soil, and press out the planting ditch in the flattened land through the slotting element 17, and then the seeding pipe 23 puts the seeds into the planting ditch, and finally fills the soil on both sides of the planting ditch through the soil covering module 8. Complete sowing in the planting trench. Since fertilizer is applied first and then the ditch is opened, part of the fertilizer can be placed in the planting ditch when the planting ditch is opened, and when the soil is subsequently covered, the soil on both sides of the planting ditch together with the fertilizer is covered into the planting ditch, so that the full utilization of the fertilizer can be achieved. And the fertilizer fully surrounds the seeds, which can play a better role in the follow-up. Similarly, the planting process of soil preparation + fertilization + transplanting mode is similar to the above process. Through the above method, the amount of fertilizer is small and the utilization rate is high.

The agricultural equipment further includes a soil covering module 8, which can be disassembled and assembled relative to the ground preparation slotting module 1 and the transplanting module 3 respectively; when the sowing operation is performed, the transplanting module 3 is removed, so the The soil covering module 8 is installed on the rear side of the ground preparation slotting module 1; when performing transplanting operations, the transplanting module 3 is connected to the rear side of the soil preparation slotting module 1, and the soil covering module 8 is installed at the the rear side of the transplanting module 3.

In the first solution, the above-mentioned transplanting module 3 can be disassembled relative to the ground preparation slotting module 1, while the seeding module 2 and the fertilization module 5 are always installed on the ground preparation slotting module 1 due to their light weight and small footprint. superior. The front and rear lengths of the connecting frame 81 included in the soil covering module 8 are fixed. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 , by changing the installation position of the soil covering module 8, the soil covering module 8 is suitable for use in the seeding mode after the seeding pipe 23 is cast. Cover the soil, or in the transplanting mode, wait for the transplanting mechanism 32 to transplant the plants into the soil and then cover the soil. When switching between the seeding mode and the transplanting mode, both the transplanting module 3 and the soil covering module 8 need to be disassembled.

In the second solution, a soil covering module 8 is also included, which includes a connecting frame 81 and a soil covering wheel assembly 82 installed on the rear side of the connecting frame 81; side, and the length of the connecting frame 81 is adjustable; when the planting operation is performed, the transplanting module 3 is removed, and the connecting frame 81 is in a shortened state; when the transplanting operation is performed, the connecting frame 81 is in a In the extended state, the connecting frame 81 passes through the transplanting module 3 .

In this case, as shown in FIG. 4 , the transplanting module 3 is divided into left and right parts, and the connecting frame 81 passes through the gap between the left and right parts. When switching between the seeding mode and the transplanting mode, it is only necessary to disassemble and assemble the transplanting module 3, and the connecting frame 81 is adapted to the corresponding mode to extend and shorten (as shown in Figure 6), without disassembling and assembling the soil-covering module 8. The number of the soil cover wheel assemblies 82 and the slotted elements 17 are equal, and the front and rear are aligned.

Preferably, the agricultural equipment further includes a profiling adjustment module 6; when the transplanting module 3 operates, the transplanting module 3 is connected to the ground preparation and slitting module 1 through the profiling adjustment module 6; the profiling adjustment module 6. Including a hanger 61, a lifting cylinder 62, a detection wheel device 63 and a flow adjustment device 64;

The hanging frame 61 includes a front frame body 61a, a rear frame body 61b and a floating frame body 61c between them; the front frame body 61a and the rear frame body 61b are respectively connected to the ground leveling slotting module 1 and the The transplanting module 3, and at least one of the two can be disassembled relative to the module to which it is connected; the lifting cylinder 62 is used to change the shape of the floating frame 61c to make the transplanting module 3 move up and down ; The detection wheel device 63 acts on the flow regulating device 64 to change the state of oil supply to the lift cylinder 62 .

There are three oil supply states of the lift cylinder 62, namely: the pressure holding state, the oil intake state and the oil drain state, wherein the oil intake state and the oil drain state can be divided into multiple gears respectively, so as to change the lift cylinder 62 to perform the lifting operation or the oil drain state. The execution speed of the delegated job.

As shown in FIG. 26 , the flow regulating device 64 includes a regulating valve 641 and a first forcing rod 642, and the first forcing rod 642 can act on the valve core 643 of the regulating valve 641; the rear frame body A plurality of the detection wheel devices 63 distributed in the left and right directions are installed on the 61b, and all the detection wheel devices 63 are connected to the same first force application rod 642 through the pull wire 65 .

As shown in FIG. 28, the detection wheel device 63 includes a fixed wheel frame 631, an intermediate wheel frame 632, a floating wheel frame 633 and a detection wheel 634; the fixed wheel frame 631 is fixed on the rear frame body 61b; the intermediate wheel frame 632 is installed on the fixed wheel The floating wheel frame 633 is rotatably mounted on the intermediate wheel frame 632 with a first spring 635 connected between them; the detection wheel 634 is rotatably mounted on the floating wheel frame 633 . The pulling wire 65 is composed of a sleeve and a wire core. The sleeve end and the wire core end at one end are respectively fixed on the intermediate wheel frame 632 and the floating wheel frame 633 , and the sleeve end and the wire core end at the other end are fixed respectively. On the valve seat 644 where the regulating valve 641 is located and the first force application rod 642 . A second spring 645 is disposed between the first force lever 642 and the valve seat 644 . The intermediate wheel frame 632 is rotatably installed relative to the fixed wheel frame 631, and an adjustment handle 636 is also rotatably installed on the fixed wheel frame 631. The adjustment handle 636 is connected to the intermediate wheel frame 632 through the second link 637, and the fixed wheel frame 631 is provided with a Adjust the docking slot in which the handle 636 is inserted.

When the detection wheel device 63 operates, under the action of the first spring 635, the detection wheel 634 is always in contact with the ground and moves up and down with the fluctuation of the ground, so that the core of the pulling wire 65 can pull the first force rod 642 to rotate. . Since the number of the detection wheel devices 63 is multiple, the detection wheel 634 with the lowest position pulls the first force application rod 642 with the largest pulling range. Therefore, the detection wheel device 63 corresponding to the lowest terrain position among all the detection wheel devices 63 is the first The decisive role of the detection wheel device 63, according to which the position of the valve core 643 is adjusted, can ensure that all the transplanting mechanisms 32 can be successfully planted, and there will be no situations where the plants fail to enter the soil or the soil is too shallow.

By adjusting the handle 636, the angle of the intermediate wheel frame 632 can be adjusted, so that the optimal adjustment range of the detection wheel 634 can be adjusted according to the soil properties, so as to achieve the best profiling control effect. If the soil is soft, the intermediate wheel frame 632 can be lowered so that the detection wheel 634 can perform the detection movement in a lower height range. If the soil is hard, the intermediate wheel frame 632 can be adjusted higher so that the detection wheel The 634 performs probing movements at higher altitudes.

As shown in FIG. 29 , the valve core 643 in the above-mentioned regulating valve 641 has five valve positions, namely: the holding position a in the middle, the slow rising position b and the fast rising position c on the side of the holding position a, The slow descending position d and the fast descending position e are placed on the other side of the holding position a.

When the ground is relatively flat, the holding position a of the spool 643 is placed between the lift cylinder 62 and the oil tank. At this time, there is no oil flow between the lift cylinder 62 and the oil tank. The height remains unchanged; when the terrain rises gently, the pulling range of the first force lever 642 by the determining wheel device 63 becomes smaller, the second spring 645 pulls the first force lever 642 back, and the valve core 643 The slow-rising position b of the slack takes effect, and the hydraulic oil enters the rod cavity of the lift cylinder 62, so that the lift cylinder 62 makes the rear frame body 61b rise slowly; The release displacement of the first force rod 642 is relatively large, the second spring 645 pulls the first force rod 642 back and the displacement is relatively large, the rapid lifting position c of the valve core 643 acts, and the hydraulic pressure entering the rod cavity of the lifting cylinder 62 The oil flow rate is significantly increased, so that the lift cylinder 62 rapidly raises the rear frame body 61b. When the terrain descends gently, the pulling range of the first force rod 642 by the detecting wheel device 63 which plays a decisive role becomes larger, the slow descending position d of the valve core 643 acts, and the oil in the rod cavity of the lifting cylinder 62 is lifted. In this way, the lifting cylinder 62 makes the rear frame body 61b descend slowly; if the terrain suddenly descends, the determining wheel device 63 pulls the first force rod 642 significantly in a short period of time, and the displacement of the valve core 643 increases rapidly. The lowering position e works, and the outflow flow of hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the lifting cylinder 62 increases significantly, so that the lifting cylinder 62 makes the rear frame body 61b descend rapidly. Through the above process, a profiling effect is achieved, so that the transplanting mechanism 32 can be lifted or lowered in accordance with the undulations of the ground, so as to ensure the transplanting effect.

Preferably, the flow regulating device 64 further includes a second force application rod 66 that can act on the valve core 643, and further includes an intervention mechanism 67 that acts on the second force application rod 66. The intervention mechanism 67 may be an electric push rod, etc. The electric actuator can also be a manual manipulation assembly; in this embodiment, the intervention mechanism 67 is a manual manipulation assembly, which includes a mechanism base 671 and a third manipulation handle 672 rotatably mounted on the mechanism base 671; the third The operating handle 672 is connected to the second force application rod 66 through the first link 673 to drive the second force application rod 66 to rotate relative to the valve seat 644 to push the valve core 643 to move. The intervention mechanism 67 also includes a position holding plate 674, the position holding plate 674 has a plurality of holding grooves, and a holding unit 675 is installed on the mechanism base 671. The holding unit 675 acts on different holding grooves to keep the third joystick 672 in the position. In the corresponding position, the user can adjust the state of the spool 643 through the third manipulation handle 672 so that different valve positions of the spool 643 are between the lift cylinder 62 and the oil tank to manually change the oil supply state of the lift cylinder 62 .

Preferably, the floating frame body 61c includes an upper frame body 611 and a lower frame body 612 which are always parallel to each other. A limit rod 613 is fixed on the upper frame body 611 . As shown in FIG. 27 , a follower plate 681 is fixed on the rotating shaft 676 of the third operating handle 672 , a guide rod 682 is rotatably connected to the follower plate 681 , and a guide sleeve 683 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 682 , and the guide sleeve 683 Relative to the limit rod 613 for rotational connection, a limit pin 684 is installed at the end of the guide rod 682 , and a third spring 685 is arranged between the limit pin 684 and the guide sleeve 683 .

Through the above structure, when the profiling adjustment module 6 performs the lifting operation, the rear side of the upper frame body 611 is tilted upward, and the limit rod 613 rotates with the upper frame body 611, so that the guide sleeve 683 slides along the guide rod 682, and the guide sleeve 683 moves to During the process of the end of the guide rod 682, the third spring 685 is compressed until the third spring 685 is compressed to the limit position, which can effectively play a buffering and limiting effect. Since the follower plate 681 rotates together with the third operating handle 672 , under different gears, that is, different oil supply states, the position of the limit rod 613 connected to one end of the follower plate 681 is different, and the guide sleeve 683 can move to The limit position is also different, and the limit angle corresponding to the upper frame body 611 is also different, so that it can effectively play a buffer limit effect in each gear position, and avoid the rapid lifting or the rear frame body 61b encountering a large upward movement. When the impact force is high, the tool will be severely collided and damaged.

The transplanting module 3 includes a plurality of transplanting mechanisms 32 . The transplanting mechanisms 32 have planting needles 321 , and the rear frame body 61 b is rotatably installed with a deepening groove corresponding to each of the transplanting mechanisms 32 . The element 33 , the groove deepening element 33 is placed on the front side of the transplanting mechanism 32 , and the movement track of the end of the implanting needle 321 is close to the groove deepening element 34 .

Here, the groove deepening element 33 has a disc wheel-shaped structure, and its edge has a gradually narrowed cutting edge. Here, "close" is defined as the movement trajectory of the end of the implanting needle 321 being tangent to the outer contour of the groove deepening element 33 or the minimum gap width between the two does not exceed the set value, and the set value can be defined as the groove. The radius of the groove deepening element 33 is selected for reference, for example, 0.1r, where r is the radius value.

The groove deepening element 33 and the transplanting mechanism 32 move up and down together with the rear frame body 61b. If the planting depth exceeds the depth of the planting ditch, the groove deepening element 33 can remove the planting ditch before the plants transplanted by the transplanting mechanism 32 are buried in the soil. In this way, if the position of the rear frame body 61b is adjusted too low by the profiling adjustment module 6, the groove deepening element 33 can deepen the planting groove in time to prevent the planting needles 321 from being buried too deeply. Broken, or damaged plant roots.

In the above-mentioned ground preparation and slitting module 1, the blocking rod group 14 is composed of a plurality of blocking rods 141 arranged in a linear array in the left-right direction, and there is a gap between adjacent blocking rods 141; the above-mentioned metal strips 16 are preferably steel rods and other heavy weights During operation, the rotary tiller group 13 rotates in the opposite direction, that is, in one rotation cycle, the head of the rotary tiller passes through the lower end, the front end, the top end, and the rear end in turn, so that the rotary tiller group 13 stirs the soil. After crushing, the soil, stubble and straw are thrown back and high together. After the material thrown behind touches the blocking rod group 14, the large pieces of soil, stubble and straw are blocked by the blocking rod group 14, and the finely divided soil passes through the blocking rod. 141 and continue to move backward until it touches the retaining plate 15 and then slides down along the retaining plate 15, so that the finely divided soil falling behind will bury the large pieces of soil, stubble and straw that fell earlier, which can be avoided. To achieve better soil leveling effect.

The aforesaid earth retaining plate 15 is made of a certain flexible and wear-resistant material such as rubber. The earth retaining plate 15 and the cover body 12 form a complete casing that covers the rotary tiller group 13 and the blocking rod group 14 . For soils with large expansion ratios such as sandy soil, the soil volume will be doubled after being rotary tilled in the compacted state. Due to the flexibility of the soil retaining plate 15, the inner space of the casing is variable, so it can adapt to soils with different expansion ratios. The self-adaptive space adjustment is carried out. When the amount of soil is large, the soil retaining plate 15 is bent backward to increase the inner space of the housing, and will not cause problems such as congested soil. The above-mentioned metal strips 16 can maintain the sag of the lower side of the earth retaining plate 15, so that when the earth retaining plate 15 encounters a large amount of soil impact, the bending degree of its upper side is greater than that of its lower side, so, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 It can be seen that the lift of the lower end of the earth retaining plate 15 is small, and no gap will be formed to cause soil leakage. In the solution in which the flexible earth retaining plate 15 is combined with the metal strip 16, the lifting distance of the lower end of the metal strip 16 is much smaller than that of the lower end of the hard earth retaining plate. In addition, the metal strip 16 also plays the role of leveling and pre-scraping the soil sliding down from the soil retaining plate 15, which reduces the difficulty of subsequent leveling.

The cover body 12 includes a top cover body 121, a front cover body 122 and a side plate 123; the front cover body 122 is arc-shaped, and the lower edge of the front cover body 122 is fixed with a reinforcing rod 124, and the lower edge of the front cover body 122 is high enough is regulated. Specifically, a vertical adjustment rod 125 is rotatably connected to the reinforcing rod 124 , and a lateral adjustment rod 126 is installed on the upper side of the vertical adjustment rod 125 ; the lateral adjustment rod 126 can extend on the vertical adjustment rod 125 To adjust the position in the direction, the lateral position of the lateral adjustment rod 126 relative to the first module base 11 can also be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 11 , a side fixing plate 127 for connecting the side of the front cover body 122 is mounted on the inner side of the side plate 123 , and a side fixing plate 127 and the front cover body 122 are formed on one of them. One of the strip holes is formed with a round hole, and the two are fixed by screws.

Through the above structure, the height of the lower edge of the front cover body 122 can be adjusted, and the installation is stable after adjustment. Adjusting the height of the lower edge of the front cover body 122 according to the soil type can prevent soil leakage from the lower edge of the front cover body 122 during the soil dumping process of the rotary tiller group 13 , resulting in more and more soil on the front side resulting in congested soil.

A roller 128 is rotatably installed on the side plate 123 , and the roller 128 lifts the lower side of the side plate 123 to prevent grass and soil from hanging on the lower side of the side plate 123 .

In the prior art, the slitting element 17 is generally welded and fixed on the soil leveling roller 18. In this way, if the slitting element 17 is damaged, the entire soil leveling roller 18 and the slitting element 17 on it will be scrapped. , and the leveling roller 18 is easily deformed when welding the slitting element 17 to the leveling roller 18 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12 , the slitting element 17 includes a first disc body 171 and a second disc body 172 , both of which are formed with cutting edges, and the cutting edges on the two together constitute a complete slitting cutting edge . The first disc body 171 has an annular portion 173 sleeved on the soil leveling roller 18, the annular portion 173 is provided with a plurality of radial holes arranged in a circumferential array, and the annular portion 173 is passed through a plurality of first screws of the radial holes. 174 is fixed on the soil leveling roller 18; the first plate body 171 and the second plate body 172 are relatively fixed by a plurality of second screws 175, and the annular portion 173 is in a non-exposed state. When it is necessary to disassemble the slitting element 17, first unscrew all the second screws 175, then move the second disc body 172 along the axial direction of the soil leveling roller 18 to separate it from the first disc body 171, and finally remove all the first disc body 172. When the screw 174 is unscrewed, the first disc body 171 can be removed, and the disassembly of the split slot element 17 is completed. The process of installing the slotted element 17 is opposite to the above-mentioned dismounting process, and will not be repeated.

The soil leveling roller 18 is connected to the first module base 11 through a second pre-pressing device 19 . The second pre-pressing device 19 includes two connecting bases 191 , two ends of the connecting bases 191 are respectively rotatably connected with the soil leveling roller 18 and the first module base 11 , and the two connecting bases 191 are respectively connected with two sides of the cover body 12 . The plates 123 form a pair of planes. In this way, the two side plates 123 can limit the left and right yaw movement of the connecting seat 191 and prevent the horizontal movement of the soil leveling roller 18 from affecting the ditching effect of the planting ditch. A spring pressing mechanism 192 is arranged between the connecting base 191 and the first module base 11 to ensure the pressure between the soil leveling roller 18 and the ground.

The agricultural equipment further includes a trenching module 9, which can be disassembled relative to the ground preparation and slitting module 1; when the trenching module 9 is installed on the ground preparation and slitting module 1, the trenching The module 9 is placed on the rear side of the rotary tiller group 13 and installed in the center relative to the rotary tiller group 13; the trenching module 9 includes a trenching shovel 91 and a trench wall compacting disc 92; the trenching The shovel 91 has an envelope surface 91 a provided around the rotary blade group 13 ; the ditch wall compaction disc 92 is mounted on the soil leveling roller 18 and can be disassembled relative to the soil leveling roller 18 .

A pair of ditch wall compaction discs 92 are fixed on the soil leveling roller 18, and both of the ditch wall compaction discs 92 have an inwardly facing flat side 92a and an outwardly facing conical surface 92b, and the flat side 92a is close to the surface. The side wall of the trenching blade 91; the conical surface 92b is used for compacting the trench wall.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the ditch wall compaction disc 92 is a conical hollow structure with a hoop 92c inside, and the two sides of the opening of the hoop 92c are tightened by third screws 92d.

The above-mentioned hoop 92c is fastened on the outer wall of the leveling roller 18, and it is in a non-exposed state, so it will not occupy more axial space of the leveling roller 18, and will not affect the leveling operation.

The ditching module 9 includes a detachable base 93 that can be disassembled relative to the first module base 11; On the seat body 93 , a compression spring 94 is arranged between the rear side of the upper end of the trenching shovel 91 and the detachable seat body 93 .

The detachable base body 93 is fixed on the first module base body 11 through U-shaped bolts 95 .

By setting the rotary connection and the compression spring 94, when the trenching shovel 91 hits a hard object such as a tree root, it can be rotated backward to buffer the impact and avoid damage.

The rotary tiller group 13 has a middle cutter head and side cutter groups 13B placed on both sides of the middle cutter group 13A; as shown in FIG. 14 , the middle cutter group 13A has a center cutter head 131 , the center A first cutter head 132 and a second cutter head 133 are sequentially arranged on each side of the cutter head 131 in a direction away from the center cutter head 131 ; the center cutter head 131 , the second cutter head 133 , and the first cutter head 132 The number of rotary tillers included in the three is decreasing in sequence from front to back; the number of left tillers and right tillers included in the center cutter head 131 is equal, and the bending of all the rotary tillers in the first cutter head 132 is equal to The bending directions are all away from the central cutter head 131 ; the number of rotary tillers whose bending direction is toward the central cutter head 131 in the second cutter head 133 is more than the number of rotary tillers whose bending direction is away from the central cutter head 131 number of knives.

Preferably, the number of rotary cutters included in the center cutter head 131 is 4, wherein the number of left cutter heads and the number of right cutter blades are respectively 2, and there are two first cutter heads 132 on both sides of the center cutter head 131 respectively. and a second cutter head 133, the first cutter head 132 includes 2 rotary cultivators, the second cutter head 133 includes 3 rotary cutters, and the bending direction is toward the direction of the rotary cutter of the central cutter head 131. The number is 2, and the number of the rotary tiller blades whose bending direction deviates from the central cutter head 131 is 1. Each cutter head in the side cutter group 13B includes two rotary tillers, wherein the number of the left tiller and the right tiller is one, respectively. Along the rotation circumferential direction of the rotary tiller group 13 , corresponding to each rotary tiller included in the above-mentioned middle knife group 13A, there are rotary blades that belong to the same cutter head or adjacent cutter head, and the relative angle in the circumferential direction is an acute angle. In this way, the middle knife group 13A is more likely to contain soil, increasing the amount of soil thrown, so as to effectively throw away the excess soil discharged from the ditch.

Through this cutter head layout, it is possible to effectively avoid the formation of raised soil belts on both sides of the trench opened by the trenching shovel 91 . Specifically, when the rotary tiller group 13 is running, the rear side of the center cutter head 131 is blocked by the trenching blade 91 . The soil cannot be thrown to the rear side, and the center cutter head 131 has an equal number of left tillers and right tillers. Therefore, the center cutter head 131 dumps soil to both sides, and the first cutter head 132 throws the soil obliquely rearward. The bending modes of all the rotary cultivators in the first cutter head 132 are away from the center cutter head 131. Therefore, the soil thrown out by the first cutter head 132 gradually moves away from the center cutter head 131 in the left-right direction, and the first cutter head 132 simultaneously Push a part of the soil in the direction away from the first cutter head 132; since the second cutter head 133 contains a large number of rotary tillers, the amount of soil thrown away is large, and the soil discharged from the side can be thrown away together. The number of the rotary tiller blades in the bending direction of the cutter head 133 toward the central cutter head 131 is more than the number of the rotary tillers in the bending direction away from the central cutter head 131, which can effectively balance the amount of soil in the middle and prevent the soil in the middle Excessive losses create depressions.

Each cutter head included in the above-mentioned side cutter group 13B includes a left tiller and a right tiller, and the two are preferably arranged staggered by 180°, and all the left tillers included in the side cutter group 13B are preferably along a helical line. Arrangement, all the right cultivating blades are also preferably arranged along a helical line, and the positions of individual rotary cultivating blades can be fine-tuned as required to ensure the overall dynamic balance of the rotary cultivating blade group 13B.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 15 , in the rotary tiller set 13, the rotary tiller 13b is mounted on the rotary roller 13a, the rotary tiller 13b can rotate relative to the rotary roller 13a, and the rotary roller 13a is a hollow structure, and its middle part is the same as that of the rotary roller 13a. The shaft is installed with a central shaft 13c that can slide along its axial direction, and an elastic element 13e that exerts an axial force on the central shaft 13c is arranged between the central shaft 13c and the rotating roller 13a; The holding block 13d provided on the knife 13b, the holding block 13d has a positioning V groove, the tail of the rotary tiller 13b extends into the rotating roller 13a, and the tail of the rotary tiller 13b has a protrusion embedded in the positioning V groove (such as 16); the transition seat at one end of the rotating roller 13a is provided with a proximity sensor 13f for detecting the shaft end of the central shaft 13c, the proximity sensor 13f is connected to the control unit, and the control unit is also connected to the push unit acting on the valve core 643. Through the above structure, when the rotary tiller 13b hits a foreign object such as a stone or a hard tree root, the rotary tiller 13b can rotate relative to the rotary roller 13a to protect the rotary tiller 13b from damage, and the rotary tiller 13b is relatively opposite to the rotary roller After the rotation of 13a, the raised part at the rear of the rotating roller 13a comes out of the positioning V groove and pushes the central axis 13c to move. After the central axis 13c moves, the proximity sensor 13f generates a trigger signal, and the control unit controls the push unit to act on the valve core 643 according to the trigger signal. The lifting cylinder 62 lifts the rear frame body 61b at the fastest extending speed, so as to protect the components on the rear frame body 61b from damage.

The power system 4 includes a power access box 41, the power access box 41 has a first input shaft 411 and a plurality of first output shafts 412; one of the first output shafts 412 is connected to the ground leveling slotting module The rotary tiller group 13 of 1 is drivingly connected; the other first output shafts 412 are used to directly or indirectly drive all or part of other actively running components to run.

Here, the actively operating parts refer to the parts that need to be connected to the driving force to carry out the corresponding tasks. In the present invention, in addition to the leveling and slitting module 1, the components that need to be connected to power include the soil leveling roller 18, the transplanting mechanism 32, the profiling adjustment module 6, the seed metering device 22, the fertilizer draining device 52 and so on. The above-mentioned actively running components may all be directly or indirectly driven by the power output by the first input shafts 411 of the power access box 41 , or some of the actively running components may be driven by other active actuators included in the power system 4 . Component operation, for example, the transplanting mechanism 32 can be driven by a hydraulic motor driven by a separate hydraulic system, or by a separate motor, and the seed meter 22 and the fertilizer discharger 52 can be driven by a separate motor.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17-16 , one of the first output shafts 412 is connected to the control box 42 , and the control box 42 includes a second input shaft 421 connected to the first output shaft 412 and a second output shaft 422 for connecting the transplanting module 3; between the first output shaft 412 and the second output shaft 422, a speed change assembly and a plant spacing adjustment assembly are arranged;

The speed change assembly includes a speed change device, the plant distance adjustment assembly includes a plant distance adjustment shaft 424 and a plant distance adjustment device; the speed change device can adjust the plant distance when the second input shaft 421 is connected to power of different standard speeds. The rotational speed of the shaft 424 remains the same;

The plant spacing adjusting device is used to adjust the transmission speed ratio between the plant spacing adjusting shaft 424 and the second output shaft 422 .

The second output shaft 422 is connected to the transplanting module 3 through the first universal joint 431 , and the connection between the second output shaft 422 and the first universal joint 431 is detachable. The power access box 41 also has a first output shaft 412 that is drivingly connected to the soil leveling roller 18 . Specifically, the first output shaft 412 drives the soil leveling roller 18 to run through the second universal joint 432 and the chain drive assembly 435 . In addition, the first output shaft 412 for driving the rotary tiller group 13 transmits power to the rotary tiller group 13 through the third universal joint 433 and the side gear box 434 .

The above standard rotational speed refers to the theoretical input rotational speed, ignoring the actual rotational speed fluctuation, and aims to indicate that the function of the speed change device is to keep the rotational speed of the plant spacing adjustment shaft 424 consistent when the power of different rated rotational speeds is connected, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the plant spacing by the plant spacing adjustment device. Make adjustments.

As shown in FIGS. 20-19 , the speed change device includes a speed change shaft 423 , a first gear 42 a and a second gear 42 b fixed on the second input shaft 421 , and a first gear 42 a and a second gear 42 b that are slidably mounted on the speed change shaft 423 The sliding wheel set on the upper part, the sliding wheel set includes a relatively fixed third gear 42c and a fourth gear 42d; a first gear set 425 is arranged between the speed change shaft 423 and the plant spacing adjustment shaft 424; the sliding The wheel set can be switched between three positions, namely the neutral position and the first position and the second position on both sides of the neutral position; when the sliding wheel set is in the neutral position, the third gear 42c and the third gear 42c are in the middle position. Four gears 42d are interposed between the first gear 42a and the second gear 42b; when the sliding wheel set is in the first position, the first gear 42a meshes with the third gear 42c, and the second The transmission ratio between the input shaft 421 and the transmission shaft 423 is the first transmission ratio; when the sliding wheel set is in the second position, the second gear 42b meshes with the fourth gear 42d, and the first gear 42b engages with the fourth gear 42d. The transmission ratio between the two input shafts 421 and the transmission shaft 423 is the second transmission ratio.

The first transmission ratio is different from the second transmission ratio. Preferably, the first transmission ratio is 3:4, which is suitable for the situation where the first input shaft 411 is connected to a tractor with an output speed of 540 rpm; The second transmission ratio is 1:1, which is suitable for the situation where the first input shaft 411 is connected to a tractor with an output speed of 720 rpm. When the sliding wheel set is placed in the neutral position, since there is no gear meshing, power is not transmitted between the first input shaft 411 and the speed change shaft 423, and the transplanting module 3 stops running.

In this way, when the multi-functional agricultural equipment is connected to two mainstream tractors with different output speeds of 540 rpm or 720 rpm, the speed of the plant spacing adjustment shaft 424 can be maintained at a fixed position by controlling the sliding wheel set to slide to different positions. Value accessories, convenient for subsequent speed adjustment.

The position switching of the above-mentioned sliding wheel group is realized by the first sliding shaft 42e driven by the shifting fork 42f, and the sliding wheel group can rotate relative to the shifting fork 42f but cannot slide axially relative to the shifting fork; the first sliding shaft 42e is fixed with the shifting fork 42f connected, and the first sliding shaft 42e is driven to slide relative to the casing of the control box 42 by the first operating handle 42g or electric actuators such as push rods. In FIG. 19 , the first sliding shaft 42e is driven to slide by the first operating handle 42g. The position of the first sliding shaft 42e relative to the case is held by the first holding mechanism 42h.

As shown in FIGS. 22-21 , the plant spacing adjustment assembly further includes an intermediate shaft 42i, which is located between the plant spacing adjustment shaft 424 and the second output shaft 422 in the direction of power flow, and the intermediate shaft 42i is located between the plant spacing adjustment shaft 424 and the second output shaft 422. The power is transmitted between the second output shaft 422 and the second gear set 426; a plurality of first adjustment gears 42j are installed on the plant spacing adjustment shaft 424, and the number of teeth of the first adjustment gears 42j varies. 42i is fixed with second adjusting gears 42k which are equal in number to the first adjusting gears 42j and engage in one-to-one correspondence. junction device.

The above-mentioned plant spacing adjustment shaft 424 has an axial hole in the center, and a radial hole communicated with the axial hole is provided at the position of each first adjustment gear 42j. For the engaging ball 42m, the hole wall of the hole in the first adjusting gear 42j is formed with spherical body accommodating grooves arranged in a circular array; the above-mentioned engaging device includes a second sliding shaft 42n sliding relative to the axial hole, the second sliding shaft A top ball element 42p is fixed on 42n, and the second sliding shaft 42n is driven by a second operating handle 42q or an electric actuator such as an electric push rod to slide along the radial hole. The position of the second sliding shaft 42n relative to the casing of the control box 42 is held by the second holding mechanism 42r.

By controlling the sliding of the second sliding shaft 42n, the ejecting ball element 42p is moved to different positions of the first adjusting gear 42j, and the engaging ball 42m is pushed out and embedded in the ball accommodating groove of the first adjusting gear 42j, so that the The adjusting gear 42j is engaged with the plant spacing adjusting shaft 424, thereby changing the transmission ratio between the plant spacing adjusting shaft 424 and the intermediate shaft 42i, so as to adjust the planting distance.

In the second embodiment, one of the first output shafts 412 of the power system 4 is connected to the third input shaft 441 of the conversion box 44; the conversion box 44 further includes two third output shafts 442; two third output shafts 442; The output shaft 442 is respectively connected to the first oil pump 451 and the second oil pump 452, and the first oil pump 451 and the second oil pump 452 are both connected to the oil tank;

The soil leveling roller 18 of the leveling and slitting module 1 and the transplanting mechanism 32 of the transplanting module 3 are driven and operated by the first hydraulic motor 453 and the second hydraulic motor 454 respectively;

The first oil pump 451 is a double pump, and its two oil outlets are the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet respectively. In the transplanting mode, the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet are respectively connected to the first hydraulic motor 453 and the second hydraulic motor 454;

The seeding module 2 and the fertilizing module 5 are driven by the third hydraulic motor and the fourth hydraulic motor respectively. The hydraulic motor and the fourth hydraulic motor are connected in series with the second hydraulic motor 454 and the third hydraulic motor. Oil port, in order to achieve this purpose, when there is no need for transplanting and sowing, the pipeline connected to the second hydraulic motor 454 is disconnected and connected to the third hydraulic motor. The pipeline connected to the third hydraulic motor is disconnected and connected to the second hydraulic motor 454, so that the hydraulic resources can be fully utilized and the number of oil pumps can be reduced.

The second oil pump 452 is connected to the lift cylinder 62 through the flow regulating device 64 .

The first oil pump 451 and the second oil pump 452 are both mounted on the oil pump mounting seat 455, and the third output shaft 442 is connected to the oil pump through a coupling.

A first speed regulating valve is provided on the connecting oil circuit between the first oil pump 451 and the first hydraulic motor 453, and a second speed regulating valve is provided on the connecting oil circuit between the first oil pump 451 and the second hydraulic motor 454. The second speed regulating valves are all connected to the control system for control. In addition, a signal acquisition device 7 is also connected to the control system.

The signal acquisition device 7 includes a ground wheel 71 and a speed measuring sensor 75 for measuring the rotational speed of the ground wheel 71. The control system obtains the running speed of the implement according to the value collected by the speed measuring sensor 75, and adjusts the second speed regulating valve according to the running speed to convect the flow. The flow rate of the second hydraulic motor 454 is adjusted to realize the speed control of the second hydraulic motor 454, so that the planting distance can be kept stable.

The plant spacing adjustment device is installed on the first module base body 11 of the leveling and slotting module 1 through the first pre-compression device 72 . A spring preloading mechanism 722 is arranged between them; a first friction block 73 and a second friction block 74 are respectively installed on the floating wheel arm 721 and the ground wheel 71, and the first friction block 73 and the second friction block 74 are in contact with each other so that the two Friction is created when they move against each other. The above structure is provided with a friction plate, so that after the transplanting module 3 is lifted, the rotation of the ground wheel 71 can be stopped in time. If the ground wheel 71 does not rotate in time and the signal is continuous, the transplanting mechanism 32 continues to perform the seedling division operation, resulting in waste of plants. When the signal acquisition device 7 is not used, the signal acquisition device 7 can be disassembled.

As shown in FIG. 25 , the conversion box 44 further includes a transition shaft 443 , and a first reduction wheel set 444 is arranged between the third input shaft 441 and the transition shaft 443 ; the transition shaft 443 is fixed with a large For the transmission wheels 445 , a small transmission wheel 446 meshing with the large transmission wheel 445 is fixed on each of the third output shafts 442 .

Through the above-mentioned power system 4, by setting up the conversion box 44 and the hydraulic system including the first oil pump 451 and the second oil pump 452, the power can be distributed to a plurality of components that are actively operating, and the power system design is reasonable, so that the power system of the implement is relatively Compact and reliable.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out: for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (18)

1. A multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function, comprising a ground preparation slotting module (1) and a power system (4), both of which are drivingly connected; it is characterized in that the ground preparation slotting module (1) comprises A slotting element (17) capable of opening a planting trench in the ground; the multifunctional agricultural equipment further comprises a seeding module (2) and a transplanting module (3), which do not operate at the same time , the power system (4) provides power for the modules that perform operations in the two; the sowing module (2) and the transplanting module (3) are both capable of sowing and inserting seedlings on the planting trench, respectively. At least the transplanting module (3) can be disassembled relative to the leveling and slitting module (1). 2 . The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 1 , further comprising a fertilization module ( 5 ); the fertilization module ( 5 ) can operate independently, and can also be combined with the sowing module. 3 . (2) and one of the transplanting modules (3) work simultaneously. 3. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a soil covering module (8), and the soil covering module (8) can be respectively relative to the ground preparation slotting module (8). 1) and the disassembly and assembly of the transplanting module (3); when the sowing operation is performed, the transplanting module (3) is dismantled, and the soil covering module (8) is installed on the rear side; when performing transplanting operations, the transplanting module (3) is connected to the rear side of the ground preparation and slitting module (1), and the soil covering module (8) is installed behind the transplanting module (3) side. 4. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a soil covering module (8), which comprises a connecting frame (81) and is installed after the connecting frame (81) The front end of the connected frame (81) is connected to the rear side of the ground leveling slotting module (1), and the length of the connecting frame (81) is adjustable; when the sowing operation is performed, the The transplanting module (3) is dismantled, and the connecting frame (81) is in a shortened state; when the transplanting operation is performed, the connecting frame (81) is in an extended state, and the connecting frame (81) is pierced through. through the transplanting module (3). 5. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a profile adjustment module (6); when the transplanting module (3) operates, the transplanting The module (3) is connected to the ground preparation and slitting module (1) through a profile adjustment module (6); the profile adjustment module (6) includes a hanger (61), a lifting oil cylinder (62), a detection wheel device ( 63) and a flow regulating device (64); The hanging frame (61) includes a front frame body (61a), a rear frame body (61b) and a floating frame body (61c) therebetween; the front frame body (61a) and the rear frame body (61b) The two are respectively connected to the ground preparation and slotting module (1) and the transplanting module (3), and at least one of the two can be disassembled relative to the module to which it is connected; the lifting cylinder (62) is used to change the The shape of the floating frame (61c) enables the transplanting module (3) to move up and down; the detection wheel device (63) acts on the flow adjustment device (64) to change the pressure on the lift cylinder (62). ) of the fuel supply status. 6 . The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 5 , wherein the flow regulating device ( 64 ) comprises a regulating valve ( 641 ) and a first force lever ( 642 ), the The first force application rod (642) can act on the valve core (643) of the regulating valve (641); the rear frame body (61b) is mounted with a plurality of the detection wheel devices distributed in the left-right direction (63), all the detection wheel devices (63) are connected to the same first force application rod (642) through a pull wire (65). 7. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 5, wherein the transplanting module (3) comprises a plurality of transplanting mechanisms (32), and the transplanting mechanisms (32) A planting needle (321) is provided, and a groove deepening element (33) corresponding to each transplanting mechanism (32) is rotatably mounted on the rear frame body (61b), and the groove deepening element (33) It is placed on the front side of the transplanting mechanism (32), and the movement track of the end of the transplanting needle (321) is close to the groove deepening element (33). 8 . The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 1 , wherein the ground preparation slotting module ( 1 ) comprises a relatively fixed first module base body ( 11 ) and a cover body ( 12 ). 9 . ), the cover body (12) is provided with a rotary tiller group (13) and a blocking rod group (14) arranged in front and rear, and a flexible earth retaining plate (15) is arranged on the rear side of the cover body (12). , a metal strip (16) is installed on the lower side of the earth retaining plate (15). 9 . The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 8 , wherein the ground preparation slotting module ( 1 ) further comprises a rear side of the soil retaining plate ( 15 ), which is capable of Actively rotating soil leveling roller (18), the slotted element (17) is a slotted disc fixed on the soil leveling roller (18). 10. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 8, characterized in that, further comprising a trenching module (9), and the trenching module (9) is capable of opening a slot relative to the ground preparation module (1) Disassembly; when the trenching module (9) is installed on the ground preparation and slitting module (1), the trenching module (9) is placed on the rear side of the rotary tiller group (13) and is centrally installed relative to the rotary tiller group (13); the trenching module (9) comprises a trenching blade (91) and a trench wall compacting disc (92); the trenching blade (91) has a surrounding The envelope surface (91a) provided by the rotary tiller group (13); the ditch wall compaction disc (92) is mounted on the soil leveling roller (18) and can be relative to the soil leveling roller (18) ) to disassemble. 11. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 10, wherein the ditching module (9) comprises a detachable base (93), and the detachable base (93) Can be disassembled relative to the first module base body (11); the front side of the upper end of the trenching shovel (91) is rotatably mounted on the detachable base (93), and the trenching shovel (91) is A compression spring (94) is arranged between the rear side of the upper end and the detachable seat body (93). 12. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 10, characterized in that the rotary tiller group (13) has a middle cutter head and is placed on both sides of the middle cutter group (13A) The side cutter group (13B) of ; the middle cutter group (13A) has a central cutter head (131), each side of the central cutter head (131) is in a direction away from the central cutter head (131) A first cutter head (132) and a second cutter head (133) arranged in sequence; the rotary tiller included in the center cutter head (131), the second cutter head (133), and the first cutter head (132) The number of blades decreases sequentially from front to back; the number of left tiller blades and right tiller blades included in the center cutter head (131) are equal, and the bending directions of all the rotary blades in the first cutter head (132) deviate from each other. the centering cutter head (131); in the second cutter head (133), the number of rotary tillers whose bending direction is toward the central cutter head (131) is greater than that of the bending direction away from the central cutter head (131) ) the number of rotary blades. 13. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 1, wherein the power system (4) comprises a power access box (41), and the power access box (41) has a first input shaft (411) and a plurality of first output shafts (412); one of the first output shafts (412) is drivingly connected with the rotary tiller group (13) of the leveling and slitting module (1); The other said first output shafts (412) are used to directly or indirectly drive all or part of other active components to run. 14. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 13, wherein one of the first output shafts (412) is connected to a control box (42), and the control box (42) comprises a second input shaft (421) connected to the first output shaft (412) and a second output shaft (422) for connecting the transplanting module (3); the first output shaft (412) is connected to the between the second output shaft (422), a speed change assembly and a plant spacing adjustment assembly are arranged; The speed change assembly includes a speed change device, and the plant distance adjustment assembly includes a plant distance adjustment shaft (424) and a plant distance adjustment device; the speed change device can make the second input shaft (421) connect to power with different standard rotational speeds. The rotational speed of the plant spacing adjustment shaft (424) is kept consistent; The plant spacing adjusting device is used to adjust the transmission speed ratio between the plant spacing adjusting shaft (424) and the second output shaft (422). 15. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 14, wherein the speed change device comprises a speed change shaft (423), and further comprises a speed change shaft (421) fixed on the second input shaft (421) The first gear (42a) and the second gear (42b), and a sliding wheel set slidably mounted on the speed change shaft (423), the sliding wheel set includes a relatively fixed third gear (42c) and a fourth gear (42c) A gear (42d); a first gear set (425) is arranged between the speed change shaft (423) and the plant spacing adjustment shaft (424); the sliding wheel set can be switched between three positions, one for the middle the first position and the second position on both sides of the neutral position; when the sliding wheel set is in the neutral position, the third gear (42c) and the fourth gear (42d) are placed on the first gear Between (42a) and the second gear (42b); when the sliding wheel set is in the first position, the first gear (42a) meshes with the third gear (42c), the second input shaft The transmission ratio between (421) and the speed change shaft (423) is the first transmission ratio; when the sliding wheel set is in the second position, the second gear (42b) and the fourth gear (42d) ) are engaged, and the transmission ratio between the second input shaft (421) and the speed change shaft (423) is the second transmission ratio. 16. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 14, wherein the plant spacing adjustment assembly further comprises an intermediate shaft (42i) in the direction of the power flow, and the intermediate shaft (42i) is located at the Between the plant spacing adjustment shaft (424) and the second output shaft (422), and between the intermediate shaft (42i) and the second output shaft (422), power is transmitted through a second gear set (426); the plant spacing adjustment A plurality of first adjusting gears (42j) are mounted on the shaft (424), the number of teeth of the first adjusting gears (42j) is different in two, and the intermediate shaft (42i) is fixed with the first adjusting gears (42j) ) of equal number of second adjusting gears (42k) meshing in one-to-one correspondence; the plant spacing adjusting assembly further includes a joint capable of engaging different first adjusting gears (42j) and the plant spacing adjusting shaft (424) device. 17. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional planting function according to claim 13, characterized in that, one of the first output shafts (412) of the power system (4) is connected to the second output shaft (412) of the conversion box (44). Three input shafts (441); the conversion box (44) further includes two third output shafts (442); the two third output shafts (442) are respectively connected to the first oil pump (451) and the second oil pump (452), so The first oil pump (451) and the second oil pump (452) are both connected to the oil tank; The soil leveling roller (18) of the leveling and slitting module (1) and the transplanting mechanism (32) of the transplanting module (3) are respectively composed of a first hydraulic motor (453) and a second hydraulic motor (454). ) drive operation; The first oil pump (451) is a double pump, and its two oil outlets are respectively connected to the first hydraulic motor (453) and the second hydraulic motor (454); The transplanting module (3) is connected to the ground preparation and slitting module (1) through a profile adjustment module (6); the profile adjustment module (6) includes a hanger (61), a lifting oil cylinder (62) and flow regulating device (64); The second oil pump (452) is connected to the lift cylinder (62) through the flow regulating device (64). 18. The multifunctional agricultural equipment with optional broadcasting function according to claim 17, wherein the conversion box (44) further comprises a transition shaft (443), and the third input shaft (441) is connected to the A first reduction wheel group (444) is arranged between the transition shafts (443); a large transmission wheel (445) is fixed on the transition shaft (443), and each of the third output shafts (442) is fixed on There is a small transmission wheel (446) meshing with the large transmission wheel (445).

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