CN115161087A - Recycling method of fine-grain anthracite - Google Patents
Recycling method of fine-grain anthracite Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
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- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/023—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
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- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/546—Sieving for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
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- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a recycling method of fine-grain anthracite. The invention mixes the fine anthracite with the binder of the coal briquette to prepare the coal briquette, then mixes the coal briquette with the anthracite entering the furnace, takes the coal briquette as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag after mixing, mixes the fine anthracite after pelletizing into the furnace for smelting, has no influence on the electric furnace, and solves the problems of low utilization rate of the fine anthracite and resource waste in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting, and particularly relates to a recycling method of fine-grain anthracite.
Background
In the smelting process of the closed direct current electric arc furnace, petroleum coke or graphite powder is mostly adopted as a reducing agent when titanium slag is smelted in most domestic factories, and anthracite is mostly adopted as a reducing agent in countries such as Canada, south Africa, soviet Union and the like. The reducing agent has high activity and can improve the reduction speed; the pollution to the titanium slag product can be reduced due to low ash content; comprehensive comparison shows that the anthracite has wide source, low price, higher fixed carbon and lower volatile content, and is a reducing agent for treating titanium slag in a closed direct current electric arc furnace with high cost performance.
The grain size of the anthracite coal entering the furnace is generally required to be 5-25mm, and the reaction speed of reduction smelting can be influenced if the grain size is too large; the particle size is too small, fly dust is easy to generate in the operation of entering the furnace, and the fly dust is easy to be discharged along with furnace gas, so that the dust removal load is increased, the utilization rate is reduced, and the resource waste is caused. Therefore, the anthracite entering the factory can meet the production requirement only by screening, the anthracite with the particle size of more than 25mm returns to be crushed, the anthracite with the particle size of less than 5mm enters a fine coal bin, and the anthracite can only be sold or transferred out of the bin at low cost, so that the utilization rate of the anthracite is low, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the fine-grained anthracite can only be sold or allocated out of a warehouse at low price and is low in utilization rate to cause resource waste in the prior art, the invention provides a recycling method of the fine-grained anthracite.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for recycling fine anthracite coal comprises the following steps,
step 1: screening the anthracite to obtain coarse-grained anthracite, qualified-grained anthracite and fine-grained anthracite;
step 2: preparing a briquette adhesive;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the fine-grained anthracite obtained in the step 1 with the briquette adhesive prepared in the step 2 to obtain a mixture;
and 4, step 4: pelletizing the mixture obtained in the step (3) to obtain briquettes;
and 5: screening out the unshaped fine-grained anthracite and redundant mixture on the coal balls obtained in the step 4;
step 6: drying the coal balls obtained in the step (5);
and 7: processing the anthracite with qualified granularity obtained in the step 1 while performing the step 2-6 to obtain anthracite entering a furnace;
and 8: the dried coal ball and the anthracite coal entering the furnace are blended and then are conveyed into an electric furnace to be used as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the fine-grain anthracite is mixed with the coal ball adhesive to prepare the coal ball, then the coal ball and the anthracite entering the furnace are blended, the blended coal ball is used as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag in the electric furnace, the fine-grain anthracite is blended into the furnace for smelting after being pelletized, the electric furnace is not influenced, and the problems that the utilization rate of the fine-grain anthracite is low and resources are wasted in the prior art are solved.
Preferably, in step 1, the grain size of the coarse anthracite coal is greater than 25mm, the grain size of the qualified-grain-size anthracite coal is 5-25mm, and the grain size of the fine-grain anthracite coal is less than 5mm.
Preferably, the coarse-grained anthracite obtained in the step 1 is crushed and then screened again to obtain anthracite with qualified grain size and fine-grained anthracite, then the obtained anthracite with qualified grain size and the anthracite with qualified grain size obtained in the step 1 are processed together to obtain anthracite entering a furnace, and the obtained fine-grained anthracite and the fine-grained anthracite obtained in the step 1 are subjected to subsequent steps together.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the coarse-grained anthracite is crushed, the qualified-grained anthracite and the fine-grained anthracite are obtained after crushing, the coarse-grained anthracite is recycled, and the utilization rate of the anthracite is improved.
Preferably, the briquette binder in step 2 is a PVA solution with a concentration of 5-7%, and the preparation method of the PVA solution comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: adding PVA into water with the temperature of less than 30 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, and premixing the mixed solution for 20-30 minutes, wherein the mass of the added PVA is 7-9% of that of the fine-grain anthracite obtained in the step 1;
step 2.2: after the pre-mixing is finished, heating the mixed solution to 90-95 ℃ by adopting a water bath heating mode, and keeping the temperature for 3-4 hours until the PVA is completely dissolved in the water to obtain a PVA solution.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the PVA solution is adopted as the briquette adhesive, and other impurities cannot be introduced in the smelting process.
Preferably, the pelletizing operation is carried out by a pelletizer in the step 4, and the pelletizing pressure of the pelletizer is 8-16Mpa.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the diameter and the shape of the coal briquette can be completed by configuring a corresponding ball press machine according to specific production requirements.
Preferably, in step 3, the fine-grained anthracite and the coalball binder are added into a rolling mixer for stirring, and the fine-grained anthracite and the coalball binder are uniformly mixed.
Preferably, a grid screen is used for screening fine-grained anthracite from the coal balls in the step 5, a mesh belt dryer is used for drying in the step 6, and a heat source for drying is surplus coal gas generated by smelting.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the surplus coal gas generated by smelting is utilized to dry the materials, so that the coal gas resource is effectively utilized.
Preferably, the process for treating the anthracite coal as fired obtained in the step 7 comprises the following steps:
step 7.1: drying the anthracite with qualified granularity;
step 7.2: cooling the dried anthracite with qualified granularity;
step 7.3: sieving the cooled anthracite with qualified granularity again to obtain fine-grain anthracite and anthracite entering a furnace;
step 7.4: and (3) feeding the anthracite coal into the electric furnace obtained in the step (7.3) as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag, and carrying out subsequent steps on the fine-grain anthracite coal obtained in the step (7.3) and the fine-grain anthracite coal obtained in the step (1).
After the technical scheme is adopted, the cooled anthracite with the qualified granularity is screened out again, fine-grain anthracite mixed in the anthracite with the qualified granularity is screened out, the condition that the fine-grain anthracite is easy to generate fly dust when entering an electric furnace is avoided, the fine-grain anthracite is easy to be discharged along with furnace gas, and the dedusting load is increased.
Preferably, in step 7.1, the anthracite coal with qualified particle size is dried by adopting a high-temperature vibrating bed, in step 7.2, the anthracite coal with qualified particle size is cooled by adopting a low-temperature vibrating bed, and in step 7.3 and step 1, vibrating screens are adopted for screening.
Preferably, the method for recycling fine-grained anthracite coal can also be applied to recycling fine-grained coal powder or fine-grained coke powder in one or more of coal powder and coke powder.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention mixes the fine-grain anthracite with the coal ball binder to prepare the coal ball, then mixes the coal ball with the anthracite entering the furnace, takes the coal ball and the anthracite entering the furnace as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag after mixing, mixes the fine-grain anthracite into the furnace for smelting after pelletizing, has no influence on the electric furnace, and solves the problems of low utilization rate of the fine-grain anthracite and resource waste in the prior art.
2. The invention can effectively improve the utilization rate of the anthracite coal to be close to 100 percent, reduce the production cost and improve the market competitiveness in the aspect of titanium slag cost.
3. The invention has simple process and strong practicability.
4. The invention fully utilizes the surplus coal gas generated by smelting to dry the materials, so that the coal gas resource is effectively utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, and are only used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements that are referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for recycling fine anthracite coal includes the steps of,
step 1: screening anthracite by using a vibrating screen to screen coarse-grained anthracite, qualified-grained anthracite and fine-grained anthracite, and weighing the obtained fine-grained anthracite, wherein the mass of the fine-grained anthracite screened out from every 1 ton of the anthracite entering a factory in the embodiment is 150kg;
step 2: preparing a coalball adhesive, wherein the coalball adhesive is a PVA solution with the concentration of 5-7%, and the preparation method of the PVA solution comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: adding water with the temperature of 25 ℃ into an edge runner type stirrer, starting a stirring paddle, slowly and uniformly adding 5-7 g of PVA into every 93-95 g of water to obtain a mixed solution, and pre-stirring for 15-30 min to fully and uniformly mix the mixed solution to avoid generating lumps;
step 2.2: after the pre-mixing is finished, slowly heating the mixed solution to 90-95 ℃ by adopting a water bath heating mode, and preserving the heat for 3-4 hours until the PVA is completely dissolved in the water to obtain a PVA solution;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the fine-grain anthracite obtained in the step 1 with the PVA solution prepared in the step 2 to obtain a mixture;
and 4, step 4: pelletizing the mixture obtained in the step (3) by using a pelletizer, wherein the pelletizing pressure of the pelletizer is 8-16Mpa, so as to obtain coal balls;
and 5: screening out the unshaped fine-grained anthracite and redundant mixture on the coal balls obtained in the step (4) by using a grid sieve;
step 6: drying the coal balls obtained in the step (5) by adopting a mesh belt dryer;
and 7: processing the anthracite with qualified granularity obtained in the step 1 while performing the step 2-6 to obtain anthracite entering a furnace;
step 7.1: drying the anthracite with qualified granularity by adopting a high-temperature vibrating bed;
and 7.2: cooling the dried anthracite with qualified granularity by adopting a low-temperature vibrating bed;
step 7.3: screening the cooled anthracite with the qualified granularity again by using a vibrating screen to obtain fine-grain anthracite and anthracite entering a furnace;
step 7.4: feeding the anthracite coal into the electric furnace obtained in the step 7.3 as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag, and carrying out subsequent steps on the fine-grain anthracite coal obtained in the step 7.3 and the fine-grain anthracite coal obtained in the step 1;
and 8: blending the dried coal balls with the anthracite coal entering the furnace according to the blending proportion: anthracite coal entering the furnace: and (3) conveying the briquettes to an electric furnace to be used as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recycling fine anthracite is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: screening the anthracite to obtain coarse-grained anthracite, qualified-granularity anthracite and fine-grained anthracite;
and 2, step: preparing a briquette adhesive;
and 3, step 3: uniformly mixing the fine-grained anthracite obtained in the step 1 with the briquette adhesive prepared in the step 2 to obtain a mixture;
and 4, step 4: pelletizing the mixture obtained in the step (3) to obtain briquettes;
and 5: screening out the unshaped fine-grained anthracite on the coal balls obtained in the step 4;
step 6: drying the coal balls obtained in the step (5);
and 7: processing the anthracite with qualified granularity obtained in the step 1 while performing the step 2-6 to obtain anthracite entering a furnace;
and step 8: the dried coal balls and the anthracite coal entering the furnace are blended and then are conveyed into an electric furnace to be used as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: in the step 1, the grain size of the coarse-grain anthracite is larger than 25mm, the grain size of the qualified-grain anthracite is 5-25mm, and the grain size of the fine-grain anthracite is smaller than 5mm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: and (2) crushing the coarse-grained anthracite obtained in the step (1) and then screening again to obtain anthracite with qualified granularity and fine-grained anthracite, then treating the obtained anthracite with qualified granularity and the anthracite with qualified granularity obtained in the step (1) together to obtain anthracite entering a furnace, and carrying out subsequent steps on the obtained fine-grained anthracite and the fine-grained anthracite obtained in the step (1) together.
4. The method for recycling fine anthracite coal as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the coalball adhesive is a PVA solution with the concentration of 5-7%, and the preparation method of the PVA solution comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: adding PVA into water with the temperature of less than 30 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, and premixing the mixed solution for 20-30 minutes, wherein the mass of the added PVA is 7-9% of that of the fine-grain anthracite obtained in the step 1;
step 2.2: after the pre-mixing is finished, the mixed solution is heated to 90-95 ℃ by adopting a water bath heating mode, and the temperature is kept for 3-4 hours until PVA is completely dissolved in water, so that a PVA solution is obtained.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: and 4, pelletizing by using a pelletizer, wherein the pelletizing pressure of the pelletizer is 8-16Mpa.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: in the step 3, the fine-grained anthracite and the coalball binder are added into a rolling mixer to be stirred so as to be uniformly mixed.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: and (5) screening fine-grained anthracite on the coal balls by using a grid screen, and drying by using a mesh belt dryer in step 6, wherein a heat source of the mesh belt dryer is surplus coal gas generated by smelting.
8. The method for recycling fine anthracite coal as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the treatment process of the furnace-entering anthracite coal obtained in the step 7 comprises the following steps:
step 7.1: drying the anthracite with qualified granularity;
step 7.2: cooling the dried anthracite with qualified granularity;
step 7.3: sieving the cooled anthracite with qualified granularity again to obtain fine-grain anthracite and anthracite entering a furnace;
step 7.4: and (3) feeding the anthracite coal into the electric furnace obtained in the step (7.3) as a reducing agent for smelting titanium slag, and carrying out subsequent steps on the fine-grain anthracite coal obtained in the step (7.3) and the fine-grain anthracite coal obtained in the step (1).
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: drying the anthracite with the qualified granularity by adopting a high-temperature vibrating bed in the step 7.1, cooling the anthracite with the qualified granularity by adopting a low-temperature vibrating bed in the step 7.2, and screening by adopting a vibrating screen in the step 7.3 and the step 1.
10. Use of a method according to claims 1-9 for the recycling of fine-grained anthracite coal, characterized in that: the method for recycling the fine-grain anthracite can also be applied to recycling fine-grain coal powder or fine-grain coke powder in one or more of coal powder and coke powder.
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