CN115157997A - Gearbox, hybrid power system and automobile - Google Patents

Gearbox, hybrid power system and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115157997A
CN115157997A CN202210951422.1A CN202210951422A CN115157997A CN 115157997 A CN115157997 A CN 115157997A CN 202210951422 A CN202210951422 A CN 202210951422A CN 115157997 A CN115157997 A CN 115157997A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
transmission
ring
shaft
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210951422.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周之光
张恒先
李双銮
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chery Automobile Co Ltd filed Critical Chery Automobile Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210951422.1A priority Critical patent/CN115157997A/en
Publication of CN115157997A publication Critical patent/CN115157997A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/06—Auxiliary drives from the transmission power take-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a gearbox, hybrid system and car, this gearbox includes: the power generation device comprises a shell, a planetary speed change mechanism, a first main shaft, a second main shaft and a hollow shaft, wherein the hollow shaft is coaxially sleeved outside the first main shaft, the first main shaft is used for being in transmission connection with a first power source, the second main shaft is used for being in transmission connection with wheels, and the hollow shaft is used for being in transmission connection with a power generation mechanism; the planetary transmission mechanism includes: the first central wheel is coaxially connected with a first main shaft, the gear ring is coaxially arranged with the first central wheel, the first planetary wheels are positioned between the first central wheel and the gear ring and are all meshed with the first central wheel and the gear ring, and the gear ring is in transmission connection with the second main shaft; the second center wheel is coaxially connected with the hollow shaft, the first planetary wheels and the second planetary wheels are coaxially and fixedly connected in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the second planetary wheels are all meshed with the second center wheel. This openly can promote the duration of a journey of car.

Description

Gearbox, hybrid power system and automobile
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a gearbox, a hybrid power system and an automobile.
Background
The hybrid power system is a power system which takes an engine and a motor as power sources and enables the engine and the motor to drive an automobile to run together.
In the related art, a hybrid system includes a transmission, an engine and an electric machine, and the engine and the electric machine are respectively in transmission connection with the transmission to transmit power to the transmission. Wherein, the gearbox includes: the planet carrier comprises a central wheel, a planet carrier and a gear ring, wherein the central wheel is arranged in the gear ring, the planet wheel is arranged between the central wheel and the gear ring and is respectively meshed with the central wheel and the gear ring, and the planet wheel is rotatably arranged on the planet carrier. When the gearbox works, one of the central wheel, the planet carrier and the gear ring is braked by the brake, and the remaining two of the central wheel, the planet carrier and the gear ring are respectively in transmission connection with the power source and the wheels.
The power output by the power source of the gearbox directly outputs wheels through the planetary gear train, so that the power performance of the automobile can be improved, but the cruising ability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a gearbox, a hybrid power system and an automobile, which can utilize the power of a power source to generate electricity to store electric energy in the running process of the automobile, so that the cruising ability of the automobile is improved. The technical scheme is as follows:
an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transmission, including: the planetary speed change mechanism is positioned in the shell, the first main shaft, the second main shaft and the hollow shaft are movably inserted in the shell, the hollow shaft is coaxially sleeved outside the first main shaft, the first main shaft is used for being in transmission connection with a first power source, the second main shaft is used for being in transmission connection with wheels, and the hollow shaft is used for being in transmission connection with a power generation mechanism; the planetary transmission mechanism includes: the first central wheel is coaxially connected with the first spindle, the gear ring is coaxially arranged with the first central wheel, the first planetary wheels are positioned between the first central wheel and the gear ring and are all meshed with the first central wheel and the gear ring, and the gear ring is in transmission connection with the second spindle; the second central wheel is coaxially connected with the hollow shaft, the plurality of first planet wheels and the plurality of second planet wheels are coaxially and fixedly connected in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the plurality of second planet wheels are all meshed with the second central wheel.
In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a transmission ratio of the first central wheel to the first planet wheel is not less than a transmission ratio of the second planet wheel to the second central wheel.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission case further includes a transmission gear, the outer wall surface of the gear ring has gear teeth, the transmission gear is in transmission connection with the second spindle, and the gear ring is engaged with the transmission gear through the gear teeth.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission further includes a bearing, and the bearing is sleeved outside the first main shaft and located inside the hollow shaft.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission case further includes a gear ring and a transmission gear, the gear ring is axially movably sleeved outside the gear ring, the transmission gear is in transmission connection with the second spindle, and the gear ring is engaged with the transmission gear; the gearbox further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the gear ring to move along the axial direction of the gear ring, the driving mechanism is configured to control the gear ring to be switched to a first position or a second position, the gear ring is located in the first position, the gear ring is circumferentially movably sleeved outside the gear ring, the gear ring is located in the second position, and the gear ring is circumferentially fixedly sleeved outside the gear ring.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmission case further includes a gear train, a power shaft, and a transmission shaft, the gear train is located in the housing, the power shaft is movably inserted into the housing, an input gear of the gear train is sleeved outside the power shaft, an output gear of the gear train is in transmission connection with the second spindle, the output gear of the gear train is coaxially connected with one end of the transmission shaft, the other end of the transmission shaft is coaxially connected with the transmission gear, and the power shaft is in transmission connection with a second power source.
The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a hybrid power system, which includes a first power source, a second power source, a power generation mechanism, and the gearbox as described above, where the first power source is an engine, the second power source is a first motor, and the power generation mechanism is a second motor; the engine, the first motor and the second motor are all located outside the shell, an output shaft of the engine is in transmission connection with the first spindle, an output shaft of the first motor is in transmission connection with the second spindle, and an output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected with the hollow shaft.
In another implementation of the disclosed embodiment, the hybrid system further includes a power supply assembly located outside the housing, the power supply assembly including: a battery and two inverters, one of the two inverters being connected between the battery and the first motor and the other of the two inverters being connected between the battery and the second motor.
In another implementation of the disclosed embodiment, the hybrid system further includes a clutch located on the first main shaft.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an automobile comprising a hybrid system as described hereinbefore and an automobile body, the hybrid system being located within the automobile body.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure at least comprise:
the power of the first power source of the gearbox of the embodiment of the disclosure can be transmitted to the first central wheel and the first planet wheel through the first spindle, because the second planet wheel and the first planet wheel are connected to the same planet carrier, and the first planet wheels and the second planet wheels are in one-to-one correspondence and are fixedly connected, therefore, the first planet wheel can drive the coaxially connected second planet wheels to rotate together when rotating, the meshed second central wheel can be driven to rotate in the rotating process of the second planet wheels, and because the power generation mechanism is connected with the second central wheel through the hollow shaft in a transmission manner, the second central wheel can also drive the power generation mechanism to generate power to accumulate electric energy.
Compared with the prior art, the brake is not needed to be additionally arranged to brake the planet carrier, the brake is replaced by the second central wheel, the second planet wheel and the power generation mechanism which are coaxially and fixedly connected with the first planet wheel, power is guided to the second planet wheel and the second central wheel from the planet carrier to drive the power generation mechanism to generate power, partial power of the first power source can be converted into electric energy, and therefore the cruising ability of the automobile is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid powertrain system in an electric-only mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid powertrain system in a hybrid mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid powertrain system in a hybrid mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid powertrain system in an energy recovery mode, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The various symbols in the figures are illustrated as follows:
100. a housing;
10. an engine; 11. a first motor; 12. a second motor; 13. a wheel;
21. a first main shaft; 22. a second main shaft; 23. a hollow shaft;
31. a first center wheel; 32. a second center wheel; 33. a first planet gear; 34. a second planet wheel; 35. A planet carrier; 36. a ring gear; 361. a strip-shaped bulge; 37. a toothed ring; 38. a telescopic rod; 39. a transmission gear;
40. a gear train; 401. an input gear of the gear train; 402. an output gear of the gear train;
50. a power shaft; 51. a clutch; 52. a bearing; 53. a drive shaft;
60. a power supply assembly; 61. a battery; 62. an inverter.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," "third," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present disclosure are not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item appearing in front of the word "comprising" or "comprises" includes the element or item listed after the word "comprising" or "comprises" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described changes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the transmission includes: the planetary speed change mechanism is located in the shell 100, the first main shaft 21, the second main shaft 22 and the hollow shaft 23 are movably inserted in the shell 100, the hollow shaft 23 is coaxially sleeved outside the first main shaft 21, the first main shaft 21 is used for being in transmission connection with a first power source, the second main shaft 22 is used for being in transmission connection with the wheels 13, and the hollow shaft 23 is used for being in transmission connection with a power generation mechanism.
The first power source is a plurality of power devices capable of outputting power, such as an engine 10 and a motor. The power generation mechanism can be a motor and other devices capable of generating power.
As shown in fig. 1, the planetary transmission mechanism includes: a first central wheel 31, a second central wheel 32, a plurality of first planet wheels 33, a plurality of second planet wheels 34, a planet carrier 35 and a ring gear 36.
The first central wheel 31 is coaxially connected with the first spindle 21, the gear ring 36 is coaxially arranged with the first central wheel 31, the plurality of first planet wheels 33 are positioned between the first central wheel 31 and the gear ring 36 and are respectively meshed with the first central wheel 31 and the gear ring 36, and the gear ring 36 is in transmission connection with the second spindle 22;
as shown in fig. 1, the second central wheel 32 is coaxially connected with the hollow shaft 23, the first planetary wheels 33 and the second planetary wheels 34 are coaxially and fixedly connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the first planetary wheels 33 and the second planetary wheels 34 are movably sleeved on the planet carrier 35, and the second planetary wheels 34 are engaged with the second central wheel 32.
The power of the first power source of the gearbox of the embodiment of the disclosure can be transmitted to the first central wheel 31 and the first planet wheel 33 through the first main shaft 21, because the second planet wheel 34 and the first planet wheel 33 are connected on the same planet carrier 35, and the plurality of first planet wheels 33 and the plurality of second planet wheels 34 are fixedly connected in a one-to-one correspondence and coaxial manner, when the first planet wheel 33 rotates, the second planet wheel 34 which is coaxially connected can also rotate together, the second planet wheel 34 can also drive the meshed second central wheel 32 to rotate in the rotating process, and because the power generating mechanism is in transmission connection with the second central wheel 32 through the hollow shaft 23, the second central wheel 32 can also drive the power generating mechanism to generate power to accumulate electric energy.
Compared with the prior art, the brake does not need to be additionally arranged to brake the planet carrier 35, but the second central wheel 32, the second planet wheel 34 coaxially and fixedly connected with the first planet wheel 33 and the power generation mechanism are adopted to replace the brake, so that power is guided from the planet carrier 35 to the second planet wheel 34 and the second central wheel 32 to drive the power generation mechanism to generate power, part of power of the first power source can be converted into electric energy, and the cruising ability of the automobile is effectively improved.
Optionally, the transmission ratio of the first central wheel 31 to the first planet wheel 33 is not smaller than the transmission ratio of the second planet wheel 34 to the second central wheel 32.
For example, in the disclosed embodiment, the first power source may be the engine 10, and the power generation mechanism may be an electric motor.
Because the engine 10 is used as a main power source to output power, and the motor is used for generating power, the transmission ratio of the second planet wheel 34 to the second central wheel 32 is set to be larger, so that even if the power of the engine is transmitted to the first planet wheel 33, the rotating speed of the first planet wheel 33 is reduced, and then the rotating speed of the second central wheel 32 is increased through the second planet wheel 34 and the second central wheel 32 with small transmission ratio, so as to drive the output shaft of the motor to rotate at high speed, and realize high-efficiency power generation. Therefore, by controlling the transmission ratio of the first central wheel 31 to the first planet wheel 33 to be greater than or equal to the transmission ratio of the second planet wheel 34 to the second central wheel 32, the engine 10 can output power in a high-efficiency working interval, and the power generation efficiency of the motor is improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the second center wheel 32 is sleeved on one end of the hollow shaft 23, and the other end of the hollow shaft 23 is in transmission connection with the power generation mechanism, and the power generation mechanism and the first power source are both located on the same side of the first center wheel 31.
Wherein the hollow shaft is a shaft-like part having a through hole extending from one end to the other end.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, hollow shaft 23 is sleeved outside first main shaft 21 through a through hole, and a bearing may be disposed between hollow shaft 23 and first main shaft 21 to facilitate circumferential rotation between hollow shaft 23 and first main shaft 21.
Because the hollow shaft can be sleeved on the first main shaft 21, the hollow shaft and the second main shaft 22 occupy the same space when being installed, namely, the hollow shaft has no more axial space; furthermore, arranging the power generating mechanism and the first power source on the same side of the first centre wheel 31 also reduces the axial space taken up by the gearbox.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the bearing 52 includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring is coaxially and movably sleeved outside the inner ring, the inner ring is sleeved outside the first main shaft 21, and the outer ring is coaxially inserted into the hollow shaft 23.
The bearing 52 is arranged to facilitate circumferential rotation between the hollow shaft 23 and the first main shaft 21, and the connection reliability of the hollow shaft 23 and the first main shaft 21 is improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the transmission further includes a gear train 40, a power shaft 50 and a transmission shaft 53, the gear train 40 is located in the housing 100, the power shaft 50 is movably inserted into the housing 100, an input gear 401 of the gear train 40 is sleeved outside the power shaft 50, an output gear 402 of the gear train 40 is in transmission connection with the second spindle 22, the output gear 402 of the gear train 40 is coaxially connected with one end of the transmission shaft 53, the other end of the transmission shaft 53 is coaxially connected with the transmission gear 39, and the power shaft 50 is used for being in transmission connection with a second power source.
The second power source may be various power devices capable of outputting power, such as the engine 10 and a motor.
The second power source is in transmission connection with the power shaft 50, and the power shaft 50 is in transmission connection with the second spindle 22 through the gear train 40, so that power output by the second power source can be transmitted to the second spindle 22 through the gear train 40 to drive the wheels 13.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the gearbox can be configured with two power sources, and the two power sources are arranged to drive the vehicle together, so as to improve the power performance of the hybrid power system.
In the disclosed embodiment, the gear train 40 includes at least an input gear and an output gear, and the input gear and the output gear are drivingly connected such that power may be transmitted through the input gear to the output gear.
Alternatively, the input gear and the output gear may be directly meshed in the gear train 40 to achieve a driving connection of the input gear and the output gear. At least one connecting gear can also be arranged between the input gear and the output gear. For example, when only one connecting gear is provided, the connecting gear is engaged with the input gear and the output gear, respectively, to achieve the transmission connection of the input gear and the output gear.
It should be noted that, how many gears are specifically arranged in the gear train 40 can be determined according to actual requirements. Since the number of gears provided in the gear train 40 affects the transmission ratio of the gear train 40, the number of gears in the gear train 40 can be adjusted in accordance with the power requirements of the vehicle.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the gearbox further comprises a transmission gear 39, the outer wall surface of the gear ring 36 is provided with gear teeth, the transmission gear 39 is in transmission connection with the second main shaft 22, and the gear ring 36 is meshed with the transmission gear 39 through the gear teeth.
By arranging gear teeth outside the gear ring 36, the power of the planetary transmission mechanism can be transmitted to the transmission gear 39 through the gear teeth of the gear ring 36, so that the second main shaft 22 is driven to rotate, and the driving wheel 13 is driven to rotate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the transmission case further includes a gear ring 37 and a transmission gear 39, the gear ring 37 is axially movably sleeved outside the gear ring 36, the transmission gear 39 is in transmission connection with the second main shaft 22, and the gear ring 37 is meshed with the transmission gear 39.
Wherein, the ring gear 37 is an annular structure, and the peripheral wall of the annular structure is provided with gear teeth. The teeth on the ring gear 37 may mesh with the gear to provide a geared connection.
In the above implementation, by providing the ring gear 37 outside the ring gear 36, the power of the planetary transmission mechanism is transmitted to the second main shaft 22 through the ring gear 36, the ring gear 37 and the transmission gear 39, so as to drive the wheels 13 to rotate.
Optionally, the toothed ring 37 is axially movably sleeved outside the toothed ring 36.
The gearbox further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the gear ring 37 to move along the axial direction of the gear ring 36, the driving mechanism is configured to control the gear ring 37 to be switched to a first position or a second position, when the gear ring 37 is located at the first position, the gear ring 37 is circumferentially and movably sleeved outside the gear ring 36, and when the gear ring 37 is located at the second position, the gear ring 37 is circumferentially and fixedly sleeved outside the gear ring 36.
For example, the inner wall surface of the ring gear 37 may be provided with a key groove extending from one end to the other end, and the outer wall surface of the ring gear 36 may be provided with a bar protrusion 361. The toothed ring 37 can be arranged axially slidably outside the toothed ring 36 by means of a key slot, so that the toothed ring 37 and the toothed ring 36 are axially movable and circumferentially fixed.
As shown in fig. 2, the axial length of the bar-shaped protrusion 361 is smaller than the axial length of the gear ring 36, so that when the key groove of the gear ring 37 slides out of the bar-shaped protrusion 361, the gear ring 37 is circumferentially movably sleeved outside the gear ring 36.
Wherein, the driving mechanism can be a shifting fork or a telescopic rod 38 and the like.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, the telescopic rod 38 has two telescopic rods 38, two telescopic rods 38 are located at two sides of the toothed ring 37, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic rods 38 is the same as the axial direction of the toothed ring 37. One end of the telescopic rod 38 is abutted against the toothed ring 37 to push the toothed ring 37 to move axially, so that the two telescopic rods 38 can control the toothed ring 37 to extend and retract back and forth.
In other implementation manners, a shifting fork may also be used to shift the gear ring to move on the gear ring, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, when the telescopic rod 38 pushes the toothed ring 37 to the first position (see the toothed ring indicated by the dashed line in fig. 2), the key slot of the toothed ring 37 is snapped into the strip-shaped protrusion 361 of the gear ring 36, so that the toothed ring 37 and the gear ring 36 are in transmission connection, and the gear ring 36 can drive the toothed ring 37 to rotate together. When the telescopic rod 38 pushes the toothed ring 37 to the second position (see the toothed ring indicated by the solid line in fig. 2), the key groove of the toothed ring 37 slides off the strip-shaped protrusion 361 of the toothed ring 36, so that the toothed ring 37 is movably sleeved on the toothed ring 36 in the circumferential direction, and the toothed ring 37 is not driven by the toothed ring 36 to rotate together. The arrangement of the telescopic rod 38 can selectively control whether the toothed ring 37 and the gear ring 36 are in transmission connection, which corresponds to the arrangement of a clutch device to control the power transmission of the first power source.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the hybrid system includes the aforementioned gearbox, the first power source is an engine 10, the second power source is a first electric machine 11, and the power generation mechanism is a second electric machine 12.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the engine 10, the first motor 11, and the second motor 12 are all located outside the housing 100, the second motor 12 is located inside the housing 100, an output shaft of the engine 10 is in transmission connection with the first spindle 21, an output shaft of the first motor 11 is in transmission connection with the second spindle 22, and an output shaft of the second motor 12 is in transmission connection with the hollow shaft 23.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine 10 and the first motor 11 are provided as power sources, and the second motor 12 is provided as a power generation mechanism, so as to form a hybrid power system, which can transmit the power of the two power sources to the second main shaft 22 through the gearbox to drive the wheels 13, and the power generation mechanism can be controlled to generate power when the first power source works, so that the first power source works efficiently, and the power performance and the cruising ability of the hybrid power system are improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the hybrid system further includes a clutch 51, and the clutch 51 is located on the first main shaft 21. The clutch 51 can block power transmission between the first power source and the planetary transmission structure, control power output of the first power source to the first main shaft 21 when power output of the first power source is required, and interrupt power between the first power source and the first main shaft 21 when power output of the first power source is not required.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the hybrid system further includes a power supply assembly 60, the power supply assembly 60 is located outside the casing 100, and the power supply assembly 60 includes: a battery 61 and two inverters 62, one of the two inverters 62 being connected between the battery 61 and the first motor 11, and the other of the two inverters 62 being connected between the battery 61 and the second motor 12.
By providing two inverters 62, one for connecting the battery 61 and the first motor 11 and the other for connecting the battery 61 and the second motor 12. The battery 61 is a rechargeable battery 61, and the inverter 62 is disposed on an output circuit of the battery 61 and is configured to convert direct current output by the battery 61 into three-phase alternating current to drive the first motor 11 or the second motor 12. In addition, the inverter 62 and the transformer are integrated together in the disclosed embodiment, which is convenient for installation and saves installation space.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an automobile comprising a hybrid system as described hereinbefore and an automobile body, the hybrid system being located within the automobile body.
The disclosed embodiment provides a control method of a hybrid system, which is used for controlling the hybrid system, and comprises the following steps: and controlling the hybrid power system to operate in any one of power modes, wherein the power modes comprise a pure electric mode, a hybrid driving mode and an energy recovery mode.
The following describes a method for controlling a hybrid system, taking the hybrid system shown in fig. 3 as an example:
FIG. 4 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid power system in an electric-only mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, when the hybrid system is controlled to switch to the electric only mode, the engine 10 and the second motor 12 are controlled not to operate, the clutch 51 is controlled to be disengaged, and the first motor 11 is controlled to operate.
In the implementation manner, the battery 61 of the power supply assembly 60 discharges electricity, the inverter 62 converts the direct current into three-phase alternating current to drive the output shaft of the first motor 11 to rotate, and the power of the first motor 11 is transmitted to the second spindle 22 through the power shaft 50 and the gear train 40 in sequence to drive the wheels 13, so as to implement the pure electric mode.
Optionally, the vehicle can also be driven by the first electric machine 11 to run in reverse gear in the electric-only mode. During reverse, the engine 10 and the second motor 12 are not operated, the clutch 51 is disengaged, and the first motor 11 is rotated in reverse to realize reverse.
In the disclosed embodiment, the hybrid mode includes two modes.
In the first mode, the engine 10 is on and drives the second electric machine 12 to generate electricity, and the first electric machine 11 is off, while the vehicle is driven by the engine 10 alone.
In the second mode, the engine 10 is operated to drive the second electric machine 12 to generate electricity, and the first electric machine 11 is operated, so that the vehicle is driven by the engine 10 and the first electric machine 11 together.
FIG. 5 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid powertrain system in a hybrid mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, in the first mode, the first electric machine 11 is controlled not to be operated, the clutch 51 is controlled to be engaged, the engine 10 is controlled to be operated, and the second electric machine 12 is controlled to be in the power generation state.
In the above implementation, a part of the power of the engine 10 passes through the first main shaft 21, the first center wheel 31, the first planetary wheel 33, the carrier 35, the ring gear 36, the ring gear 37 and the transmission gear 39 in order to be transmitted to the second main shaft 22 to drive the wheels 13; another part of the power of the engine 10 passes through the first main shaft 21, the first central wheel 31, the first planet wheel 33, the planet carrier 35, the second planet wheel 34, the second central wheel 32 and the hollow shaft in sequence to be transmitted to the second motor 12 to generate electricity. A hybrid mode is achieved in which the engine 10 operates and the second electric machine 12 generates electricity.
FIG. 6 is a schematic energy transfer diagram of a hybrid powertrain system in a hybrid mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, in the second mode, the clutch 51 is controlled to be engaged, the engine 10 is controlled to operate, the first motor 11 is controlled to operate, and the second motor 12 is controlled to be in a power generation state.
In the above implementation, a part of the power of the engine 10 passes through the first main shaft 21, the first center wheel 31, the first planetary wheel 33, the carrier 35, the ring gear 36, the ring gear 37 and the transmission gear 39 in order to be transmitted to the second main shaft 22 to drive the wheels 13; another part of power of the engine 10 passes through the first main shaft 21, the first central wheel 31, the first planet wheel 33, the planet carrier 35, the second planet wheel 34, the second central wheel 32 and the hollow shaft in sequence to be transmitted to the second motor 12 for power generation; the power of the first motor 11 is transmitted to the second spindle 22 through the power shaft 50 and the gear train 40 in order to drive the wheels 13. A hybrid mode is achieved in which the engine 10, the first electric machine 11 are operated, and the second electric machine 12 generates electricity.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the hybrid power system is controlled to switch to the energy recovery mode, the control method includes:
the engine 10 and the second motor 12 are controlled not to work, the clutch 51 is controlled to be separated, and the first motor 11 is controlled to generate electricity.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating energy transfer of a hybrid powertrain system in an energy recovery mode according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, when the hybrid system is controlled to switch to the energy recovery mode, the engine 10 and the second motor 12 are controlled not to operate, the clutch 51 is disengaged, and the first motor 11 is controlled to generate electric power.
In the above implementation mode, when the vehicle is in a sliding or braking condition, the wheels 13 provide a reverse torque, and part of kinetic energy of the vehicle is transmitted to the first motor 11 through the second main shaft 22, the gear train 40 and the power shaft 50 to be converted into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored in the power supply assembly 60 for standby, so that the energy recovery function of the first motor 11 is realized.
The above description is meant to be illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure and not to be taken in a limiting sense, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A transmission, characterized in that it comprises: the planetary speed change mechanism is positioned in the shell (100), the first main shaft (21), the second main shaft (22) and the hollow shaft (23) are movably inserted into the shell (100), the hollow shaft (23) is coaxially sleeved outside the first main shaft (21), the first main shaft (21) is used for being in transmission connection with a first power source, the second main shaft (22) is used for being in transmission connection with wheels (13), and the hollow shaft (23) is used for being in transmission connection with a power generation mechanism;
the planetary transmission mechanism includes: a first central wheel (31), a second central wheel (32), a plurality of first planet wheels (33), a plurality of second planet wheels (34) and a ring gear (36), wherein the first central wheel (31) is coaxially connected with the first spindle (21), the ring gear (36) is coaxially arranged with the first central wheel (31), the plurality of first planet wheels (33) are positioned between the first central wheel (31) and the ring gear (36) and are respectively meshed with the first central wheel (31) and the ring gear (36), and the ring gear (36) is in transmission connection with the second spindle (22);
the second central wheel (32) is coaxially connected with the hollow shaft (23), the first planetary wheels (33) are coaxially and fixedly connected with the second planetary wheels (34) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the second planetary wheels (34) are meshed with the second central wheel (32).
2. Gearbox according to claim 1, characterised in that the transmission ratio of the first central wheel (31) to the first planet wheel (33) is not less than the transmission ratio of the second planet wheel (34) to the second central wheel (32).
3. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox further comprises a transmission gear (39), the outer wall surface of the ring gear (36) is provided with gear teeth, the transmission gear (39) is in transmission connection with the second main shaft (22), and the ring gear (36) is meshed with the transmission gear (39) through the gear teeth.
4. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a bearing (52), said bearing (52) being sleeved outside said first main shaft (21) and inside said hollow shaft (23).
5. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox further comprises a toothed ring (37) and a transmission gear (39), the toothed ring (37) is axially movably sleeved outside the gear ring (36), the transmission gear (39) is in transmission connection with the second main shaft (22), and the toothed ring (37) is meshed with the transmission gear (39);
the gearbox further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the gear ring (37) to move along the axial direction of the gear ring (36), the driving mechanism is configured to control the gear ring (37) to be switched to a first position or a second position, the gear ring (37) is located in the first position, the gear ring (37) is circumferentially movably sleeved outside the gear ring (36), the gear ring (37) is located in the second position, and the gear ring (37) is circumferentially fixedly sleeved outside the gear ring (36).
6. The gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that the gearbox further comprises a gear train (40), a power shaft (50) and a transmission shaft (53), the gear train (40) is located in the housing (100), the power shaft (50) is movably inserted in the housing (100), an input gear of the gear train (40) is sleeved outside the power shaft (50), an output gear of the gear train (40) is in transmission connection with the second spindle (22), an output gear of the gear train (40) is in coaxial connection with one end of the transmission shaft (53), the other end of the transmission shaft (53) is in coaxial connection with the transmission gear (39), and the power shaft (50) is used for being in transmission connection with a second power source.
7. A hybrid system, characterized in that the hybrid system comprises a first power source, a second power source, a power generation mechanism and a gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the first power source being an engine (10), the second power source being a first electric machine (11), the power generation mechanism being a second electric machine (12);
the engine (10), the first motor (11) and the second motor (12) are all located outside the shell (100), an output shaft of the engine (10) is in transmission connection with the first spindle (21), an output shaft of the first motor (11) is in transmission connection with the second spindle (22), and an output shaft of the second motor (12) is coaxially connected with the hollow shaft (23).
8. The hybrid system according to claim 7, further comprising a power supply assembly (60), the power supply assembly (60) being located outside the housing (100), the power supply assembly (60) comprising: a battery (61) and two inverters (62), one of the two inverters (62) being connected between the battery (61) and the first motor (11), the other of the two inverters (62) being connected between the battery (61) and the second motor (12).
9. Hybrid powertrain system according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a clutch (51), said clutch (51) being located on said first main shaft (21).
10. A vehicle comprising a hybrid powertrain according to any one of claims 7 to 9 and a vehicle body, the hybrid powertrain being located within the vehicle body.
CN202210951422.1A 2022-08-09 2022-08-09 Gearbox, hybrid power system and automobile Pending CN115157997A (en)

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US6808468B1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-10-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Composite power transmission mechanism and vehicle
CN104728381A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-06-24 长城汽车股份有限公司 Transmission and vehicle with same
JP2017030375A (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-09 アイシン精機株式会社 Drive unit for hybrid vehicle
CN108909426A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-11-30 吉林大学 A kind of bi-motor coupling planet row type two gear transaxle
CN109849640A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-06-07 吴燕开 A kind of electromechanical coupling transmission device for automotive power
CN210234641U (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-04-03 吴燕开 Electric drive transmission device for vehicle power system
CN111186286A (en) * 2020-02-29 2020-05-22 浙江绿动新能源科技有限公司 Planetary gear set of hybrid vehicle driving device and hybrid vehicle driving device
CN112455425A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-09 上海馨联动力系统有限公司 Torque fault control method for engine of hybrid electric vehicle
CN214564582U (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-11-02 上海馨联动力系统有限公司 Hybrid power transmission device

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000245013A (en) * 1998-12-25 2000-09-08 Toyota Motor Corp Hybrid drive device
US6808468B1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-10-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Composite power transmission mechanism and vehicle
CN104728381A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-06-24 长城汽车股份有限公司 Transmission and vehicle with same
JP2017030375A (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-09 アイシン精機株式会社 Drive unit for hybrid vehicle
CN108909426A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-11-30 吉林大学 A kind of bi-motor coupling planet row type two gear transaxle
CN109849640A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-06-07 吴燕开 A kind of electromechanical coupling transmission device for automotive power
CN210234641U (en) * 2019-04-02 2020-04-03 吴燕开 Electric drive transmission device for vehicle power system
CN111186286A (en) * 2020-02-29 2020-05-22 浙江绿动新能源科技有限公司 Planetary gear set of hybrid vehicle driving device and hybrid vehicle driving device
CN112455425A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-03-09 上海馨联动力系统有限公司 Torque fault control method for engine of hybrid electric vehicle
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