CN115152688A - A land-based circular pond circulating aquaculture system and a culture method based on the system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The invention provides a land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system which comprises a circular aquaculture pond, a fish manure sedimentation pond, a tail water collecting pond, a primary sedimentation pond, a secondary sedimentation pond and a tertiary ecological pond, wherein the rest parts except the fish manure sedimentation pond are sequentially communicated through a pipeline to form a circulating loop. The invention also provides a fish culture method using the land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system, which mainly comprises the processes of water injection, probiotic inoculation, seed feeding, sectional feeding, water regulation, excrement discharge, circulation and the like. By adopting the culture system and the culture method, the treatment effect of the culture sewage and the tail water is improved, the problems of single culture variety and frequent diseases of culture objects are solved, the structure of the culture system is simplified, the energy consumption and the operation cost are reduced, and the healthy and rapid development of the industry is promoted.

Description

A land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system and a culture method based on the system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a land-based circular pond circulating aquaculture system and a culture method based on the system.

Background technique

The existing land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system in my country has a complex structure, high energy consumption, and high construction and operation costs. single. Moreover, the existing land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system has poor treatment effect of aquaculture sewage and tail water, low aquaculture density, frequent diseases of aquaculture objects, lack of efficient aquaculture production technology, and cannot achieve the same popularity and wide range as pond aquaculture. nature, restricting the healthy and rapid development of the industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system and a cultivation method based on the system, using the land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system and the cultivation method based on the system to improve the treatment effect of aquaculture sewage and tail water , to improve the problems of single breeding species and frequent diseases of breeding objects, while reducing energy consumption and operating costs, and promoting the healthy and rapid development of the industry.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a land-based circular tank circulating water culture system, which specifically includes a circular culture tank, a fish manure sedimentation tank, a tail water collection tank, a first-level sedimentation tank, a second-level sedimentation tank and a third-level ecological tank.

Preferably, the bottom of the circular culture pond is provided with a double sewage discharge chassis device, the double sewage chassis device is provided with a water outlet and a sewage outlet, and the water outlet is communicated with the tail water collection tank through a drainage pipe; the sewage outlet is connected through a sewage discharge pipe. It is communicated with the fish manure sedimentation tank; the fish manure sedimentation tank is provided with a tail water discharge port and a manure discharge port; the tail water discharge port is communicated with the tail water collection tank through a pipeline. In the present invention, the circular culture pond, tail water collection pond, primary sedimentation pond, secondary sedimentation pond and tertiary ecological pond are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a circulation loop.

Preferably, the circular culture pond is a funnel type, and the bottom is inclined downward at an angle of 5°-25° toward the center; the top of the side of the circular culture pond is provided with a water inlet, and a water pusher is installed on the side of the pond. The double-discharge chassis device is installed in the central position; oxygen-enhancing equipment and intelligent monitoring equipment are also installed in the circular culture pond.

Preferably, the upper part of the fish manure sedimentation tank is an inner hollow cylindrical shape, and the lower part is an inner hollow conical shape, and the height of the top of the fish manure sedimentation tank is lower than the bottom of the circular culture tank; the tail water collection tank The top of the pond is lower than the bottom of the circular breeding pond.

Preferably, the bottom heights of the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level sedimentation tank, and the third-level ecological tank are successively reduced; the pipeline between the third-level ecological tank and the circular culture tank is provided with a circulation device.

The present invention also provides a method for culturing fish by utilizing the land-based circular pond circulating water aquaculture system, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) inject the filtered clean breeding water into the circular breeding pond, and then apply the probiotic inoculum to the breeding water;

(2) Put the seedlings into the circular breeding pond, adopt the method of segmented feeding, and carry out the water transfer and defecation treatment of the circular breeding pond during the breeding period.

Preferably, the probiotic bacterial agent is one or both of Rhodopseudomonas swampis bacterial agent, Bacillus subtilis bacterial agent and Lactobacillus plantarum bacterial agent.

Preferably, the segmented feeding includes daily feeding, Clostridium butyricum feeding and five yellow powder feeding; the daily feeding is feeding extruded compound feed, and the feeding frequency is 1-4 times/d, The feeding amount each time is 1%-5% of the fish body mass; the feeding frequency of the clostridium butyricum is continuously fed for 2-4d every 5d-10d, and the feeding amount of the clostridium butyricum each time accounts for 2-4d. The mass percentage of the feeding amount of each extruded compound feed is 2-8‰; the five-yellow powder is fed in the high temperature period or the disease period of the culture, and the frequency of the five-yellow powder is continuously fed every 3d-10d for 2- On the 4th day, the feeding amount of five yellow powder each time accounts for 2-8‰ of the feeding amount of each extruded compound feed.

Preferably, the water transfer includes water transfer in the early stage of cultivation and water transfer in the middle and late stages of cultivation. The water transfer in the early stage of cultivation is that after the seedlings are put into the pond, the probiotic bacterial agent is applied once a day, and the dosage of each application is 0.2 mg/L-35 mg/L, and it is continuously sprinkled for 3d-5d. In the middle and later stages of cultivation, the water is adjusted as follows: 20-40 days after the seedlings enter the pond, potassium persulfate compound salt tablets are applied in the culture pond, and probiotics are applied after an interval of 8h-15h. The potassium persulfate compound salt The application frequency of the tablet is once every 2d-3d, the application amount of each time is 0.5-2.0 mg/L, and the application amount of the probiotic bacterial agent is 0.3 mg/L-80 mg/L each time.

Preferably, after each feeding for 0.1h-2.5h, defecation is performed once, and the time for each defecation is 20s-70s.

As a preference, the aquaculture water body is kept in circulation for 24h/day, and the aerator runs for 24h/day.

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, through the "tea cup effect" in the tank and the "solid-liquid separation" outside the tank, the collection rate of solid feces and residual bait is more than 90%; the treated sewage will pass through the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation together with the tail water The pond and tertiary ecological pond completes deep purification, and efficiently removes ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and PO ₄ -P, etc., and the recycling rate of aquaculture tail water reaches 90%. At the same time, the culture system of the present invention abandons the rotary drum microfilters, carbon dioxide strippers, protein separators, dirt collectors and other equipment used in the existing aquaculture water treatment. It can be seen that the aquaculture system of the present invention significantly improves the treatment effect of aquaculture sewage and tail water, and also simplifies the system structure and reduces the operation cost and energy consumption.

2. The present invention screened out Clostridium butyricum and Wuhuang powder with significant bacteriostatic activity, developed extruded compound feed, Clostridium butyricum and Wuhuang powder segmented feeding method, which can significantly improve the disease immunity and disease resistance of breeding objects, It effectively solves the problem of frequent diseases of aquaculture objects and ensures the edible safety of aquaculture products.

3. The present invention has constructed a water quality control technology with operations such as culturing pond treatment, culturing water treatment, inoculation of probiotics, water transfer in the early stage of culturing, and water transfer in the middle and late stages of culturing as the main content. It eliminates the damage of harmful substances in the water body to the breeding objects, and reduces the occurrence of problems such as diseases of the breeding objects.

Because the technical solution of the present invention better solves the problems of water quality and oxygenation, thus improving the problem of low breeding density, and because of the simplification of the structure of the breeding system and the reduction of operating costs and energy consumption, it is not only limited to breeding additional Varieties with high value can also be selected with low added value, which improves the relatively single problem of breeding varieties, thereby ensuring economic and ecological benefits. At the same time, due to the realization of low-carbon, high-efficiency and zero-pollution discharge, resource utilization and popularization of aquaculture tail water, it also has great market promotion value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the described land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system construction drawing (in Fig. 1: 1 circular culture pond; 2 fish manure sedimentation tank; 3 tail water collection tank; 4 first-level sedimentation tank; 5 second-level sedimentation tank; 6 three level ecological pool; 7 circulating pumps);

Figure 2 shows the structure of the circular culture pond in the land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system;

Fig. 3 is the original land-based circulating water aquaculture system of the base described in Comparative Example 1 (in Fig. 2: 1 is a culture pond; 2 is a sewage lifting device; 3 is a water and sewage separator; 4 is a brush treatment tank 5 is a microbial treatment pool; 6 is an aquatic plant treatment pool; 7 is a water purification and disinfection pool; 8 is a reflux lifting device; 9 is a tail water biochemical treatment pool).

Detailed ways

The invention provides a land-based circular tank circulating water culture system, which specifically includes a circular culture tank, a fish manure sedimentation tank, a tail water collection tank, a first-level sedimentation tank, a second-level sedimentation tank and a third-level ecological tank. The area ratio of each functional area of the circular culture pond, fish manure sedimentation tank, tail water collection tank, first-level sedimentation tank, second-level sedimentation tank and third-level ecological tank is (1-6):1:1:1:1 : (0.5-4), more preferably (3-5): 1:1:1:1:(1-3), more preferably 4:1:1:1:1:2.

In the present invention, the construction materials of the circular culture pond are preferably galvanized steel sheets and high-strength PVC canvas (see FIG. 2 ), and the diameter of the circular culture pond is preferably 6m-10m, more preferably 7m-9m , more preferably 8m; the pond depth of the circular culture pond is 1.5m-2.5m, more preferably 1.8m-2.2m, and still more preferably 2m. There may be a plurality of the circular culture ponds, and the interval between the circular culture ponds is 1m-2m, more preferably 1.5m. The circular culture pond is in the form of a funnel, and the bottom is inclined downward at an angle of 5°-25° toward the center, more preferably 10°-20°, and even more preferably 15°. The funnel-shaped bottom surface of the circular culture pond of the present invention is to facilitate the concentrated sedimentation of solid waste in the center of the bottom of the pond under the "tea cup effect".

In the present invention, the circular culture pond is provided with a water inlet, a water pusher and a double-discharge chassis device. The water inlet is arranged at the top of the side of the circular culture pond, and the water inlet circulation volume is 10m ³ /h-20m ³ /h. The present invention does not specifically limit the number of the water pushers. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the water pushers is preferably 2, and the water pushers are symmetrically installed on the side of the circular culture pond. At 1/2 or 1/3 of the water surface, the water body in the pond is kept in a rotating state for 24 hours; the rotational speed of the aquaculture water body is controlled at 1m/s-2m/s, preferably 1.5m/s in the early stage of cultivation and 2m/s in the later stage of cultivation. The double-discharge chassis device is arranged at the center of the bottom of the pool, and the double-discharge chassis device is provided with a water outlet and a sewage outlet, and the fish manure and tail water are discharged separately. Wherein, the drainage port is communicated with the tail water collection tank through a drainage pipe, and the sewage outlet is communicated with the fish manure sedimentation tank through a drainage pipe. In the present invention, the fish manure is directly discharged into the fish manure sedimentation tank through the sewage discharge pipe, and a control switch is arranged in the sewage discharge pipe that communicates with the sewage discharge outlet. The diameter of the nozzle of the sewage discharge pipe is preferably 20cm-30cm; the tail water discharge pipe Located in the center of the round pool, 20cm-30cm lower than the pool surface, the diameter of the nozzle is preferably 30cm-40cm, the nozzle of the tail water discharge pipe is preferably provided with an anti-escape net, and the tail water is directly discharged into the tail water through the discharge pipe collection pool.

In the present invention, oxygenation equipment and intelligent monitoring equipment are also installed in the circular culture pond. The oxygenation equipment is equipped with a fan according to the size of the water volume of the culture pond, and the air intake is not less than 30m ³ /h. Empty valve, PVC/PPR pipe connection, and dissolved oxygen probe in the pool to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water body in the pool is 5mg/L-8mg/L. The intelligent monitoring device preferably includes an online water quality monitoring device.

In the present invention, the fish manure sedimentation tank adopts a brick-built cement plastering structure, the upper part is a hollow cylinder type, the lower part is a hollow cone type, the diameter of the upper part is 4m-12m, the depth is 2m-3m, and the lower part is 4m-12m in diameter. The depth is 1m-2m. The top of the fish manure sedimentation tank is 1m-2m lower than the bottom of the culture tank, preferably 1.5m. In the present invention, the fish manure sedimentation tank is further provided with a tail water discharge port and a fecal discharge port, the tail water discharge port is communicated with the tail water collection tank through a pipeline, and the surface sewage after sedimentation in the fish manure sedimentation tank will pass through The tail water discharge port is used for the tail water collection tank, which is deeply purified with the tail water and returned to the breeding tank for recycling; the excrement discharge port is used to discharge the remaining fish manure precipitated in the fish manure sedimentation tank, and the discharged fish manure is processed by After solid-liquid separation or natural drying, microbial starter is used to produce biological fertilizer for crop planting.

In the present invention, the tail water collection tank is made of brick and cement, and the depth of the pool is 1m-2m, preferably 1.5m; the top of the tailwater collection tank is 1m-2m lower than the bottom of the culture tank, preferably 1.5m m.

In the present invention, the three tanks of the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level sedimentation tank, and the third-level ecological tank are arranged in steps, and the spacing is not particularly limited. , preferably 0.3m.

In the present invention, described first-level sedimentation tank and second-level sedimentation tank adopt brick-built cement plastering surface, and third-level ecological tank is soil pond, and the depth of three pools is 1m-2m, preferably 1.5m, and the area ratio is 1: 1:2. The first-level sedimentation tank and the second-level sedimentation tank are covered with brushes, and the water surface is covered with water hyacinth to block large-sized particles and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to complete the sedimentation process. The tertiary ecological pond is an aquaponics model, where filter-feeding fish and vegetables are placed on the water surface to grow vegetables on floating boards. The filter-feeding fish is preferably silver carp and bighead carp, and the stocking density is preferably 4-6 tails. /m ³ , the stocking ratio is preferably 3:1, and the specification is more than 1kg/tail; the area of the vegetable planting floating board accounts for 1/(2-3) of the area of the tertiary ecological pool, preferably 1/2; Vegetables are preferably water spinach to complete deep purification.

In the present invention, the circular culture tank, tail water collection tank, first-level sedimentation tank, second-level sedimentation tank and third-level ecological tank are connected in sequence through pipes to form a circulation loop. Circulation equipment is provided on the pipeline between the three-level ecological pond and the circular culture pond. The circulation equipment is mainly a circulating water pump. The power is set according to the water volume of the circular culture pond, and the circulation flow is 10m ³ /h-20m ³ / h, 24h to keep the cycle.

The present invention also provides a method for culturing fish by utilizing the land-based circular pond circulating water aquaculture system, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) inject the filtered clean breeding water into the circular breeding pond, and then apply the probiotic inoculum to the breeding water;

(2) Put the seedlings into the circular breeding pond, adopt the method of segmented feeding, and carry out the water transfer and defecation treatment of the circular breeding pond during the breeding period.

In the present invention, the circular culture pond should be pretreated before use, and the pretreatment includes draining the pond water, flushing with a high-pressure pump, removing the sludge at the bottom of the pond, and drying or exposing the pond bottom for 3-4d. In the present invention, the aquaculture water is preferably well water, lake water, river water and reservoir water; the filtering operation adopts a filter screen, and the aperture of the filter screen is preferably 80 meshes, and the function of the filter is to remove the water in the aquaculture water. of wild fish, predators, large particle size suspended matter and floating matter.

In the present application, after the filtered clean breeding water is injected into the circular breeding pond, 0.2‰-2‰ NaCl is preferably added, more preferably 0.5‰-1.5‰, and even more preferably 1‰. The water injection depth of the culture pond is 1.5m-2.5m, more preferably 1.7m-1.9m, and still more preferably 1.8m. The purpose of adding NaCl in the present invention is to relieve the toxicity and osmotic pressure of nitrite in aquaculture water.

In the present invention, after adding NaCl and in the morning on a sunny day 5d-7d before the seedlings are put in, the probiotic bacterial agent is applied to the breeding water once, and the application amount is 0.3mg/L-15mg/L. The probiotic bacteria agent is one or both of the Rhodopseudomonas swampis bacteria agent, the Bacillus subtilis bacteria agent and the Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria agent, and the probiotic bacteria agent can preferably be Rhodopseudomonas swamps. Inoculum 15mg/L-60mg/L; preferably Bacillus subtilis inoculum 0.3mg/L-1mg/L; preferably Lactobacillus plantarum 15mg/L-60mg/L; preferably Lactobacillus plantarum 15mg/L-60mg/L and Rhodopseudomonas swamps 15mg/L-60mg/L; also preferably Bacillus subtilis 0.15mg/L-0.5mg/L and Rhodopseudomonas swamps Bacterial agent 7.5mg/L-30mg/L. In the present invention, the dosage form of the Rhodopseudomonas marsh preparation is preferably an aqueous preparation, and the number of effective viable bacteria of Rhodopseudomonas marsh is preferably ≥8.0×10 ⁸ CFU/mL; the Bacillus subtilis preparation The dosage form of the Lactobacillus plantarum is preferably a powder, and the number of effective viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is preferably ≥ 100×10 ⁸ CFU/g; 5.0×10 ⁸ CFU/mL. The purpose of adding probiotics is to completely decompose the toxic substances in the system water, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and convert them into nutrients required by algae, eliminate hidden dangers, and make the whole system form an ecological environment dominated by beneficial microorganisms. , lay a good foundation for successful breeding.

In the present invention, after the probiotic bacterial agent is applied and before the seedlings are put in, a water test operation should be carried out. Carry out a water test, and the water test time is not less than 24 hours. If the fingerlings are normal, they can be stocked.

In the present invention, after the water testing operation, the cultured seed before being put in should be disinfected. The disinfection method is immersion in 1%-3% NaCL aqueous solution for 5min-10min. The source of the cultured seed is legal and qualified for quarantine, and requires normal body shape, no disease or injury, and complete scales and fin rays. The species of the cultured seed is a fish species that can eat extruded compound feed and is suitable for high-density intensive farming. The species of the cultured seed is preferably one or more of California sea bass, snakehead, yellow catfish and channel fork tail. In the present invention, the feeding specification of the cultivating seed is preferably 20g-50g, and the stocking density is preferably 60 tails/m ³ -120 tails/m ³ according to the oxygen-enhancing ability and water quality control ability, and more preferably 80 tails/m 3 . tails/m ³ -100 tails/m ³ .

In the present invention, the segmented feeding includes daily feeding, Clostridium butyricum feeding and five yellow powder feeding. The daily feeding is feeding extruded compound feed, and the feeding frequency is 1-4 times/d, more preferably 2-3 times/d; the feeding amount each time is 1%-5% of the fish body mass , further preferably 2%-5%. The specific preference for feeding the extruded compound feed is that in the early stage of cultivation, that is, within 30 days after the seedlings enter the pond, the feeding frequency is 3 times/d, usually divided into early, middle and late, and the feeding amount each time is fish body. 4% of the quality of the fish; in the middle and late stages of breeding, that is, 30 days after the seedlings enter the pond, the frequency of feeding is 2 times/d, usually divided into morning and evening, and the feeding amount each time is 2% of the fish body mass. In the present invention, when the Clostridium butyricum is fed during normal prevention, the feeding frequency is once every 5d-10d, more preferably every 7d-9d, and further preferably Every 8d is fed 1 time; Described each feeding is used for 2-4d, further preferably 3d; The mass percent that the feeding amount of each time Clostridium butyricum accounts for the feeding amount of each extruded compound feed is 2-4d. 8‰, more preferably 4-6‰, and even more preferably 5‰. In the present invention, the five yellow powder is fed during the high temperature period or the onset period of breeding, and the feeding frequency is once every 3d-10d, more preferably once every 5d-7d, and further preferably For feeding 1 time every 6d; Described each feeding is used for 2-4d, more preferably 3d; The mass percentage of the feeding amount of each time five yellow powder accounts for the feeding amount of each extruded compound feed is 2-8 ‰, more preferably 4-6‰, still more preferably 5‰.

In the present invention, the dosage form of the Clostridium butyricum agent is preferably an aqueous preparation, and the effective viable count of Clostridium butyricum is preferably ≥5.0×10 ⁸ CFU/mL; the main components of the five yellow powder are preferably Scutellaria baicalensis, Phellodendri , Rhubarb, Coptis and Astragalus. Among them, the role of the Clostridium butyricum is to promote the proliferation of intestinal beneficial microorganisms, inhibit the growth of other harmful bacteria and spoilage bacteria, reduce the occurrence of intestinal infectious diseases, and improve the immunity of the body, especially its main metabolite butyric acid is It is the main substance for the repair and regeneration of intestinal epithelial cells, which can promote the development of the intestinal tract of livestock and poultry, strengthen its various functions, enhance the immunity and disease resistance of livestock and poultry, provide the main energy for the colonic mucosal cells, and proliferate for the intestinal cells. and maturity to provide important protection. The function of the five yellow powder is to clear heat and detoxify, and mainly treats bacterial diseases of aquatic animals caused by Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Aeromonas and Edwardsiella.

In the present invention, during the cultivation period, the circular cultivation pond is also required to carry out water transfer treatment, and the water transfer includes water transfer in the early stage of cultivation and water transfer in the middle and later stages of cultivation. The water transfer in the early stage of cultivation is that after the seedlings enter the pond, probiotics are applied once a day, and each application amount is 0.2mg/L-35mg/L, more preferably 0.5mg/L-30mg/L, Sprinkle continuously for 3d-5d until the water transparency is 0.5m-0.6m. The function of the probiotic bacterial agent is to absorb and utilize macromolecular organic matter and small molecular inorganic matter, balance the reproduction of planktonic microalgae, absorb ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and other harmful factors in aquaculture water, and purify water quality.

In the present invention, the water transfer in the middle and late stages of cultivation is carried out after the seedlings enter the pond for 20-40d, more preferably 25-35d, and even more preferably 30d; the water transfer operation in the middle and late stages of cultivation is applied in the cultivation pond Potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt tablets, and the probiotic bacterial agent is applied after an interval of 8h-15h, more preferably 10h-14h, and even more preferably 12h. The application frequency of the potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt tablet is 1 time every 2d-3d, more preferably 1 time every 3d; the application amount of the potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt tablet is 0.5-2.0mg each time /L, more preferably 1 mg/L. The dosage of the probiotic bacterial agent is 0.3 mg/L-80 mg/L each time, more preferably 1 mg/L-60 mg/L. In the present invention, the main components of the potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt tablet are composite potassium monopersulfate powder (KMPS+catalytic system), peroxide for detoxification of algae and toxic organic substances (SPS+catalytic system), biological floc formation agent (polysaccharide+porous material+polyphosphate); the content specification of the potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt tablet is based on the content of compound potassium monopersulfate powder ≥ 25%, and the content of algal toxin peroxide ≥ 5%. The effect of the application of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt tablets is to effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, degrade algal toxins in the water body, oxidize the divalent iron in the water body into ferric iron, divalent manganese into manganese dioxide, and nitrous acid. Salts are changed into nitrates, sulfides such as hydrogen sulfide are changed into sulfates, which can eliminate the damage of these substances to aquatic animals, improve the sticky, black and odorous phenomenon of water bodies, and make the detoxified residual bait, feces and dead algae particles, etc. Suspended organic debris is formed.

In the present invention, the combination of "potassium persulfate composite salt tablets and probiotics" is used to provide beneficial elements such as potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, etc. to the water body after the potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt tablets are degraded, and the probiotics are supplemented. After that, it can increase the growth and reproduction of probiotics and form biological flocs with stronger water purification ability, which are suspended on the water surface, and discharged from the tail water discharge pipe under the rotation and circulation of the water body, so that ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and PO ₄ -P is at a normal level for a long time, and it is a composite water treatment technology of "green antibacterial + advanced oxidation detoxification + probiotics".

In the present invention, defecation treatment is also carried out after feeding, and defecation is carried out once after 0.1h-2.5h of each feeding, more preferably 0.5h-1.5h; the time for each defecation is 20s- 70s, more preferably 30s-60s.

In the present invention, the water is not changed during the breeding period, and only the corresponding percentage of new water is supplemented from outside the system; the breeding water body is kept in circulation for 24h/day; the aerator runs for 24h/day, keeping the dissolved oxygen at 5mg/L throughout the day -8mg/L.

In the present invention, the final harvest should be timely captured according to climate, specifications, market prices, and water body conditions.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

Description of experimental materials

The Rhodopseudomonas marsh was purchased from Nanning Haiyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: mixed feed additive (Rhodopseudomonas marsh), product standard: Q/NNHY 02-2021;

The Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Nanning Haiyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: mixed feed additive (Bacillus subtilis), product standard: Q/NNHY 01-2021;

The Lactobacillus plantarum was purchased from Nanning Haiyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: mixed feed additive (Lactobacillus plantarum), product standard: Q/NNHY 03-2021;

The Clostridium butyricum was purchased from Nanning Haiyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: mixed feed additive (Clostridium butyricum), product standard: Q/NNHY 04-2021;

The Wuhuang powder was purchased from Guangxi Puda Animal Health Products Co., Ltd., product name: Wuhuang powder, production license number: (2014) Veterinary Drug Production License No. 20007;

The potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt tablet was purchased from Shanghai Taiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: Probiotic Di'an (potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt tablet), product standard: Q31/0117000095C014-2016.

Example 1

A land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system includes a circular aquaculture pond with an area ratio of 4:1:1:1:1:2 for each functional area, a fish manure sedimentation tank, a tail water collection tank, a first-level sedimentation tank, and a second-level sedimentation tank. Sedimentation tank, tertiary ecological tank.

4 circular breeding ponds (numbered 1 ^# , 2 ^# , 3 ^# , 4 ^# ), constructed with galvanized steel sheet and high-strength PVC canvas, each pool is 8m in diameter, 2m deep, and the bottom slopes downward at an angle of 15° toward the center; Total volume: 300m ³ , with 1.5m intervals between round pools. The top of the side surface of the circular culture pond is provided with a water inlet, and the water circulation volume is 15m ³ /h; two water pushers are symmetrically installed on the side of the pond at 1/3 of the water surface of the circular culture pond, and the cultivating The water body in the pond keeps rotating for 24 hours. The speed of the water body in the pond in the early stage of cultivation is 1.5m/s, and the speed of the water body in the pond in the later stage of cultivation is 2m/s. There is a double sewage chassis device at the center of the bottom of the circular cultivation pond. The double sewage chassis device has a sewage outlet with a nozzle diameter of 25cm and a drain outlet with a nozzle diameter of 35cm. The sewage outlet is communicated with the fish manure sedimentation tank through a sewage discharge pipeline provided with a control switch. Equipped with an anti-escape net, and connected to the tail water collection tank through a drainage pipe, the drainage pipe is 25cm below the pool surface.

The tail water collection tank is plastered with brick and cement, the depth of the pool is 1.5m, and the top of the pool is 1.5m lower than the bottom of the circular culture pool.

The fish manure sedimentation tank adopts the structure of brick and cement plastering. The upper part is an inner hollow cylindrical type with a diameter of 5m and a depth of 2m, and the lower part is an inner hollow cone type with a depth of 1m, with a volume of 75m ³ . The height of the top of the pond is 1.5m lower than the bottom of the circular breeding pond, and a tail water discharge port and a manure discharge port are also provided. After sedimentation in the fish manure sedimentation tank, the surface sewage is directly discharged into the tail water collection tank through the tail water discharge port through the drainage pipe. for crop cultivation.

The first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level sedimentation tank, and the third-level ecological tank, the three tanks are arranged in steps, and the spacing is not limited. The height of the bottom of the three tanks decreases by 0.3m from front to back. Among them, the first-level sedimentation tank and the second-level sedimentation tank are covered with bricks and cement, the third-level ecological pond is an earth pond, the depth of the three pools is 1.5m, and the volume is 75m ³ , 75m ³ and 150m ³ ; the third-level ecological pond is In the aquaponics co-culture model, a total of 36 silver carp and bighead carp were stocked with a stocking ratio of 3:1, with a size of 1kg/tail or more;

The pipeline between the three-level ecological pond and the circular breeding pond is equipped with a circulation device that can maintain circulation for 24 hours, and the circular breeding pond is also equipped with aerobic equipment and intelligent monitoring equipment. The circulation equipment adopts Boshang Zhiyu's large flow and low head circulating water pump: model IC-45B, power 3.75kw, head 12m, standard water volume 60m ³ /h, to ensure that the water circulation volume of each aquaculture pond is 15m ³ /h. The oxygenation equipment adopts Xinruituo Roots type aerator: power 3kw, air flow 150m ³ /h, to ensure that the air intake of each breeding pond is not less than 30m ³ /h, and the air intake pipe is connected by an emptying valve and a PVC pipe , The pool is equipped with a dissolved oxygen probe to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water in the pool is 6mg/L.

The circular culture pond, tail water collection pond, primary sedimentation pond, secondary sedimentation pond and tertiary ecological pond are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a circulation loop.

Example 2

A method for culturing fish using the land-based circular pond circulating water aquaculture system, comprising the steps of:

(1) Treatment of breeding ponds. Drain the pool water, rinse with a high-pressure pump, remove the sludge at the bottom of the pool, dry or expose the pool bottom for 3d to obtain a clean breeding pool.

(2) Aquaculture water treatment. The river water filtered by an 80-mesh screen was selected as aquaculture water, and injected into a circular aquaculture pond with a water injection depth of 1.8m, and then 1‰ of NaCl was added to the circular aquaculture pond.

(3) Attachment and inoculation of probiotics. In the morning on a sunny day 6 days before the seedlings are put in, a 30mg/L Rhodopseudomonas marsh preparation (preferably ≥8.0×10 ⁸ CFU/mL) and Bacillus subtilis were applied once in the circular culture pond. The probiotic bacteria agent composed of 0.5 mg/L of bacillus bacteria agent (preferably the number of effective viable bacteria is ≥ 100×10 ⁸ CFU/g), the dosage is 9 mg/L.

(4) Selection of breeding seed. Select the cultured fry with legal sources and qualified quarantine, normal body shape, no disease or injury, complete scales and fin rays, and put in California sea bass that can eat extruded compound feed and are suitable for high-density intensive aquaculture. The bait coefficient is 1.0.

(5) TEST THE WATER. Before placing the seedlings, the system needs to be put into trial operation to test whether the water inlet and outlet pipes, water pumps and air pumps are in normal operation.

(6) Disinfection of breeding seedlings. Before being put in, the cultured fry were soaked with 2% NaCl for 7 minutes.

(7) Put in the cultured seed. The stocking specification of California sea bass fry is 50g/tail, and the stocking density is 80/m ³ .

(8) During the breeding period, the extruded compound feed, Clostridium butyricum and five yellow powder were fed in sections, and the circular breeding ponds were treated with water transfer in the early stage of cultivation, water transfer in the middle and later stages of cultivation, and defecation.

The extruded compound feed is fed. Within 30 days after the seedlings enter the pond, the feeding frequency is 3 times/d, usually divided into morning, middle and evening, and the feeding amount each time is 4% of the fish body mass; the seedlings enter the pond. After the last 30 days, the feeding frequency is 2 times/d, usually divided into morning and evening, and the feeding amount each time is 2% of the fish body mass; for normal prevention, the feeding frequency of Clostridium butyricum is every 8 days. Feeding once, once for 3 days, the feeding amount of Clostridium butyricum each time accounted for 5‰ of the feeding amount of each extruded compound feed; the feeding frequency of five yellow powder is It was fed once every 6 days, and once every 3 days, the feeding amount of five yellow powder each time accounted for 5‰ of the feeding amount of each extruded compound feed.

After the seedlings are put into the pond, 30 mg/L of Rhodopseudomonas swampis inoculum (preferably the number of effective viable bacteria is preferably ≥8.0×10 ⁸ CFU/mL) and Bacillus subtilis are applied to the circular culture pond once a day. A probiotic agent consisting of 0.5 mg/L of active bacteria (preferably ≥100×10 ⁸ CFU/g of effective viable bacteria) was administered at a dose of 10 mg/L each time, and was continuously sprinkled for 4 days until the water transparency was 0.5 m. 30 days after the seedlings entered the pond, potassium persulfate compound salt tablets were applied in the culture pond, and probiotics were applied after an interval of 12 hours. The potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt tablets were applied once every 3 days, and the dosage of each application was 1 mg. /L, and the dosage of probiotics was 1 mg/L each time.

After 1 hour of feeding each time, defecation is carried out once, and the time of each defecation is preferably 60s, and the breeding water body should be kept in circulation for 24 hours. The water is not changed during the breeding period, and the circulating utilization rate of the breeding tail water reaches 90%, and only 10% of the new water is supplemented from outside the system; the aerator needs to run for 24 hours to keep the dissolved oxygen at 6mg/L throughout the day.

(9) HARVEST. Timely capture based on climate, specifications, market prices, and water conditions.

Example 3

Based on the research on the bacteriostatic activities of Clostridium butyricum and Wuhuang powder in the present invention based on Examples 1-2.

On April 13, 2020, the pathogenic strains of Nocardia, Edwardsiella lentus and P. albicans isolated from diseased California perch were used as test strains, and 5 compounds were determined by the Oxford Cup method. The antibacterial activities of the water extracts of Chinese herbal medicines and Clostridium butyricum against the common pathogenic strains of Nocardia, Edwardsiella lentus and P. albicans in California perch are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Bacteriostatic activity of Clostridium butyricum and 5 kinds of compound Chinese herbal medicines

It can be seen that the water extracts of 5 kinds of compound Chinese herbal medicines, namely Sanhuang Powder, Wuhuang Powder, Galla Seed Powder, Qinglian Powder, and Banlangen, showed significant in vitro inhibitory effects on Nocardia californica, Edwardsiella lentus and P. albicans. Among them, the in vitro antibacterial effect of Wuhuang powder was the most significant; Clostridium butyricum also had strong antibacterial activity against three common pathogenic bacteria in California perch. Therefore, the clostridium butyricum and the five yellow powder of the present invention have good implementation prospects.

Example 4

Based on Examples 1-2, the effects of different feeding methods of feeding extruded compound feed, Clostridium butyricum and Wuhuang powder on the disease resistance of California sea bass were studied.

On June 25, 2020, 600 California perch fry were selected, with an initial mass of 50±2.6g/tail. A total of 4 treatment groups were set up, each treatment group had 3 replicates, and each replicate was 50 fish, using open flow aquaculture. , After the 8th week of feeding, 20 fish were randomly selected from each group for Nocardia challenge test. The concentration of bacterial liquid was 10 ⁶ cfu/ml, the injection dose was 0.2 ml/tail, and the observation was continued for 2 weeks. The experimental design is detailed in Table 2, and the results are shown in Table 3.

Table 2 Different experimental designs

Table 3 Effects of different feeding methods

Note: There is a significant difference between the data in the same column with different letters (P<0.05).

As can be seen from Table 3, after 8 weeks of rearing, after artificial infection with Nocardia, all 4 groups died. The identification found that the death of California sea bass was caused by infection with Nocardia, and the 1 ^# control group died. The mortality rate of 2 # was 77%, the mortality rate of 2 ^# was 69%, the mortality rate of 3 ^# was 64%, and the mortality rate of 4 ^# was 52%. The difference between the experimental group and the control group was significant (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the 2 ^# and 3 ^# test groups. (P>0.05), and compared with the 4 ^# test group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). It can be seen that different feeding methods have a certain protection rate to tilapia, and the 4 ^# test group has the highest immune protection rate, up to 48%. Therefore, it is a practical and effective method to use segmented feeding of extruded compound feed, Clostridium butyricum and five yellow powder in California sea bass culture, which overcomes the problem of frequent diseases of breeding objects.

Example 5

Based on Examples 1-2, the effects of different application methods and application amounts of potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt tablets and probiotics in a circular culture pond were studied 30 days after the seedlings entered the pond.

On August 16, 2020, 4 circular culture ponds after seedlings were released for 30 days were randomly selected, numbered 1 ^# , 2 ^# , 3 ^# and 4 ^# , of which 1 ^# and 2 ^# were the control group, and 3 ^# and 4 ^# were the control groups. For the experimental group, the stocking situation is shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Stocking situation of different circular aquaculture ponds

Using the single factor test method, the four circular breeding ponds were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, and the same stocking mode and technical management measures were adopted. The specific experimental design is shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Different experimental designs

Determination of water quality: The samples were sampled for the initial determination of water quality before application, and the measurement was performed every 3 days after application, for a total of 3 measurements, and the sampling time was 10:00 every day. The measurement results of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in water are shown in Table 6, and the measurement results of PO ₄ -P are shown in Table 7.

Table 6 Measurement results of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) (unit: mg/dm ³ )

Table 7 PO ₄ -P measurement results (unit: mg/dm ³ )

The results in Table 6 and Table 7 show that after continuous application of inoculants and potassium persulfate composite salt tablets, the changes in the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) content of the culture pond water were the same as PO ₄ -P, and the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in each treatment group Compared with the control group, the average removal rate of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in the control group was _19.54 %, the average removal rate in the experimental group was 67.09%, and the experimental group was 47.55% higher than the control group. The difference between the two was significant (P<0.05); the average removal rate of PO ₄ -P in the control group was 31.06%, the average removal rate in the experimental group was 56.65%, and the experimental group was 25.59% higher than the control group, with a significant difference (P<0.05). ). It can be seen that the comprehensive water purification effect of applying potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt tablets in the breeding pond and applying probiotics after an interval of 12 hours is the most significant, which can make ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and PO ₄ -P for a long time. It is a "green antibacterial + advanced oxidation detoxification + probiotics" composite water treatment technology, which overcomes the problem of poor treatment of land-based circulating aquaculture sewage and tail water.

Application example 1

In this example, from April 16, 2021 to November 19, 2021, the "California perch land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system and its supporting breeding methods innovation demonstration" was carried out at the Liangfeng River Breeding Base of Guangxi Ruixue Hongxiang Technology Co., Ltd.

(1) This application example 1 California perch land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system

There are only two differences with the land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system recorded in Example 1, 3 circular culturing ponds (numbering 1 ^# , 2 ^# , 3 ^# ); the initial stocking situation of the seedlings is different, and this application example 1 California perch seedlings See Table 8 for the initial stocking situation.

Table 8 Initial stocking of seedlings

(2) The method of recirculating aquaculture in California perch land-based circular pond of this application example 1

Different from the probiotic bacterial agent only used in the culturing method recorded in Example 2, when the water was transferred before the water test and in the early stage of culturing, the water agent of Rhodopseudomonas marsh (preferably ≥8.0× of the number of effective viable bacteria) was used. 10 ⁸ CFU/mL); when water is transferred in the middle and late stages of cultivation, Bacillus subtilis inoculum is applied (the number of effective viable bacteria is preferably ≥100×10 ⁸ CFU/g).

Catching was started after 7 months of breeding, and the results are shown in Table 10.

Comparative Example 1

This comparative example was carried out from April 16, 2021 to November 19, 2021, at the Liangfeng River Breeding Base of Guangxi Ruixue Hongxiang Technology Co., Ltd. to carry out the "California perch land-based circular pond circulating aquaculture system and innovative demonstration of supporting breeding methods".

(1) The original land-based circulating water aquaculture system of the base (see Figure 3)

Circular breeding pond, brush treatment pond, microbial treatment pond, aquatic plant treatment pond, water purification and disinfection pond, tail water biochemical treatment pond, the ratio of each functional area is 5:1:1:1:1:1. The bottom of the breeding pond is 1m higher than the top of the pond in other functional areas.

3 circular cement breeding ponds (numbered 4 ^# , 5 ^# , 6 ^# ), the pond wall is a brick-concrete structure, the thickness is more than 26cm, the diameter is 10m, and the pond depth is 1.8m. The center is inclined, funnel-shaped, the pool volume: 140m ³ , and the actual water volume is 120m ³ .

The brush treatment tank, the microbial treatment tank, the aquatic plant treatment tank, the water purification and disinfection tank, and the tail water biochemical treatment tank are all brick ^- concrete plastering structures.

System usage process:

A. The water body of the breeding tank 1 is discharged from the bottom drain pipe through the sewage lifting device 2, and the water is lifted to the sewage separator, where the large particles in the water body are separated and precipitated, and then discharged to the tail water for biochemical treatment during sewage cleaning. Pool 9, for final purification.

B. The separated clean water overflows from the pipeline to the brush treatment tank 4. After the harmful substances in the water body are adsorbed and separated by the brush, the water for cleaning impurities is discharged to the tail water biochemical treatment tank 9 for treatment, and the purified water is discharged. To the biological treatment tank (alternately arranged microbial treatment pond 5 and aquatic plant treatment pond 6; the set microbial treatment pond 5 carries out nitrification and denitrification on the protein and ammonia nitrogen nitrite contained in the water body to generate nitric acid absorbed by plants The salt is absorbed and filtered by the plants in the aquatic plant treatment tank 6;

C. After the water body is treated by the biological treatment tank, it flows to the purification and disinfection tank, and the sterilized clean water is returned to the breeding tank 1 by the return lifting device 8, and the fish is continued to be cultured. The tail water in the tail water biochemical treatment tank 9 is discharged out after the treatment reaches the standard.

(2) Demonstration of the existing California perch land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture method in the base

The specific method is as follows:

1) Treatment of breeding ponds

Seven days before the fish fingerlings were put in, the breeding ponds were thoroughly and thoroughly disinfected with quicklime to obtain clean breeding ponds.

2) Aquaculture water treatment

Water for aquaculture is injected into the aquaculture system. When injecting water, use a fine silk screen to filter harmful organisms, and the depth of water injection in the aquaculture pond is 1.5m.

3) Stocking seedlings

The source of California perch seed is legal and qualified for quarantine. It requires normal body shape, no disease or injury, complete scales and fin rays. The initial stocking situation is shown in Table 9.

Table 9 Initial stocking situation

4) Feeding California sea bass extruded compound feed

The feeding frequency of extruded compound feed was 2 times/d, and the feeding amount each time was 2.5% of the fish body mass.

5) Disease prevention

Regularly supplement the feed with liver and gallbladder protection products and immune enhancers.

6) Water quality control

The water depth is controlled at 1.3m-1.5m from March to May, gradually increased to 1.5-1.8m from June to August, and stabilized at about 1.8m from September to November. Do not change the water during the breeding period, and replenish new water in time to keep the pool water clean. Control the dissolved oxygen above 6mg/L. In the high temperature season, the opening time of the aerator water pusher should be kept more than 10h every day, and the microporous aerator should be turned on at the same time in the rainy and hot weather.

7) Sewage and recycling

Relying on the self-purification effect of the circulating water system, the feces and residual bait in the pool are discharged into the system every day.

8) Harvest: 7 months later, the harvest was started, and the results are shown in Table 10.

Table 10 Production performance of each breeding pond in Application Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

As can be seen from Table 10, compared with the existing breeding system and breeding method, after 7 months of breeding, the survival rate of California perch breeding can be increased by 17.5%, the average end weight is increased by 34g/tail, and the equivalent output is increased by 10kg/m ³ ( The total output is determined by the size of the water volume. The water volume of the application example is 90m ³ and the water volume of the control example is 120m ³ . There is no comparability, so the equivalent output can be compared), the selling price is increased by 1 yuan/kg, and the breeding cost is reduced by 3.6 yuan/ kg, the profit rate has increased by 15.93%, the equivalent profit output value has increased by 194 yuan/m ³ , and the recycling rate of the aquaculture tail water has reached 90%; the existing system construction cost and operation cost are too high, and the treatment effect of aquaculture sewage and tail water is not good. Problems such as low breeding density, single breeding species, and frequent diseases of breeding objects ensure the edible safety of breeding products, and have achieved significant economic, social and ecological benefits. It has realized the low-carbon, high-efficiency and zero-pollution discharge of aquaculture tail water, the utilization of resources, and the popularity and breadth of pond culture, which has great market promotion value.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A land-based circular pond circulating water culture system is characterized by comprising a circular culture pond, a fish manure sedimentation pond, a tail water collecting pond, a primary sedimentation pond, a secondary sedimentation pond and a tertiary ecological pond;

the bottom of the circular culture pond is provided with a double-drain chassis device, the double-drain chassis device is provided with a water outlet and a sewage outlet, and the water outlet is communicated with the tail water collecting pond through a drainage pipeline; the sewage outlet is communicated with the fish manure sedimentation tank through a sewage pipeline; the fish manure sedimentation tank is provided with a tail water outlet and a manure outlet; the tail water outlet is communicated with the tail water collecting tank through a pipeline;

circular breed pond, tail water collecting pit, one-level sedimentation tank, second grade sedimentation tank and tertiary ecological pond communicate through the pipeline in proper order, form circulation circuit.

2. The land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system of claim 1, wherein said circular pond is funnel-shaped with bottom inclined downward toward the center by an angle of 5 ° -25 °;

the top end of the side surface of the circular culture pond is provided with a water inlet, the side surface of the circular culture pond is provided with a water pusher, and the central position of the bottom of the circular culture pond is provided with the double-sewage chassis device;

and an oxygenation device and an intelligent monitoring device are also arranged in the circular culture pond.

3. The land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system of claim 1, wherein the upper part of said fish-dung sedimentation tank is hollow cylindrical, the lower part is hollow conical, the height of the top of said fish-dung sedimentation tank is lower than the bottom of said circular aquaculture pond;

the top of the tail water collecting pool is lower than the bottom of the circular culture pool.

4. The land-based circular pond recirculating aquaculture system of claim 1, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the primary sedimentation pond, the secondary sedimentation pond and the tertiary ecological pond are sequentially reduced;

and circulating equipment is arranged on a pipeline between the three-stage ecological pond and the circular culture pond.

5. A method of fish farming using the land-based round pond recirculating aquaculture system of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:

(1) Injecting the filtered clean aquaculture water into a circular aquaculture pond, and then applying a probiotic agent to the aquaculture water;

(2) And putting seedlings into the circular culture pond, adopting a sectional feeding mode, and carrying out water transfer and excrement discharge treatment on the circular culture pond during culture.

6. The culture method according to claim 5, wherein the probiotic bacteria agent is one or two of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum.

7. The farming method of claim 5 wherein the staging feeding comprises daily feeding, clostridium butyricum feeding, and Wuhuang powder feeding; the daily feeding is feeding of an expanded compound feed, the feeding frequency is 1-4 times/d, and the feeding amount of each time is 1-5% of the mass of the fish body; the frequency of feeding the clostridium butyricum is continuously fed for 2-4 days every 5-10 days, and the feeding amount of the clostridium butyricum accounts for 2-8 per thousand in mass percent of the feeding amount of the puffed compound feed each time; the Wuhuang powder is fed at a high-temperature culture period or a disease development period, the frequency of feeding the Wuhuang powder is continuously fed for 2-4d every 3d-10d, and the feeding amount of the Wuhuang powder accounts for 2-8 per mill of the feeding amount of the puffed compound feed every time in percentage by mass.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein the water transfer comprises water transfer at the early stage of cultivation and water transfer at the middle and later stages of cultivation; the water regulation in the early stage of cultivation is to apply the probiotic bacteria agent for 1 time every day after seedlings are put into a pond, wherein the application amount is 0.2-35 mg/L every time, and the probiotic bacteria agent is continuously sprinkled for 3-5 days;

and after the seedlings are planted in the pond for 20-40 days, the water regulation in the middle and later stages of the cultivation is to apply hydrogen potassium persulfate compound salt tablets in the pond, and apply the probiotic bacteria agent after 8-15 hours, wherein the application frequency of the hydrogen potassium persulfate compound salt tablets is once per 2-3 days, the application amount per time is 0.5-2.0mg/L, and the application amount per time of the probiotic bacteria agent is 0.3-80 mg/L.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein 1 defecation is carried out after 0.1-2.5 hours of feeding each time, and the defecation time is 20-70 s each time.

10. The culture method according to claim 5, wherein the culture water body is kept circulating for 24 h/day, and the aerator is operated for 24 h/day.

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