CN115152664A - Dynamic migration breeding method for symbiotic nutrients of rice and fish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic migration breeding method for symbiotic nutrients of rice and fish. The method mainly recycles culture tail water, introduces a filter tank to separate out culture tail water particles, adds biochar products, ammonium nitrate, urea and potassium sulfate on the basis of culture tail water particle filters to prepare environment-friendly biogas manure, puts the environment-friendly biogas manure into an ecological ditch as fertilizer, pumps the filtered culture tail water into a culture pond for recycling through a three-pond two-dam treatment system through technical measures such as precipitation, microbial decomposition, aquatic plant purification and the like, degrades and converts nitrogen, phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and other nutrient salts in the culture tail water to realize dynamic migration, pumps the treated culture tail water into the ditch, and then enables the culture tail water to be recycled or discharge up to the standard through centralized and connected treatment of all culture tail water of a culture base, thereby constructing modern fishery with energy conservation, emission reduction, high efficiency production, safe product, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.

Description

A kind of rice-fish symbiotic nutrient dynamic migration culture method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage discharge in rice-fish symbiosis aquaculture, in particular to a method for the dynamic migration and cultivation of nutrients in rice-fish symbiosis.

Background technique

However, the current situation of fishery resources is sluggish, and it is necessary to rely on offshore resources. Therefore, the rice-fishing symbiosis breeding mode is implemented in China. Although this kind of work mode solves the problem of site and some planting resources, it is not efficient in water resources utilization. Breeding, the discharged tail water contains a lot of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter, which often does not meet the industrial emission standards, and the water quality is easy to deteriorate. The aquaculture water needs to be replaced during the cycle, so it is easy to cause large-scale pollution of the aquaculture tail water and serious waste of water resources, and it is impossible to reduce the cost of aquaculture and planting. The key technical bottleneck of high-yield and high-efficiency aquaculture has become the key to improving the quality and efficiency of the fishery industry, transforming and upgrading, and developing circular agriculture efficiently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problem proposed in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a kind of rice-fish symbiotic nutrient dynamic migration culture method, and described culture method comprises the following steps:

(1) The culture tail water of the intensive culture pond is discharged to the filter tank through the drainage port, and the filter tank is filtered to obtain the culture tail water particles and the filtered tail water, and potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea and biochar particles are added to the culture tail water particles. Mixed to make environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer, the environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is applied as fertilizer to the soil of the planting site, the filtered tail water is discharged into the ecological ditch, and the sedimentation tail water is obtained by degrading and precipitating the plants in the ecological ditch for 2 to 5 days;

(2) lead the precipitation tail water to the first filter dam in step (1), and obtain the filtered precipitation tail water through the first filter dam adsorption filtration;

(3) filter sedimentation tail water in step (2) is passed into biological purification tank, obtain microbial decomposition tail water through microbial decomposition and precipitation in biological purification tank for 2～4 days;

(4) in step (3), microbial decomposition tail water is led to the second filtration dam, and the filtration microbial decomposition tail water is obtained through the adsorption filtration of the second filtration dam;

(5) in the step (4), the filtration microorganism decomposes the tail water into the aquatic plant clean water pool, and absorbs, decomposes and purifies the water quality by the aquatic plants in the pool for 2 to 5 days, and obtains the reusable tail water;

(6) the reusable tail water pump in step (5) is pumped into the water inlet ditches with the suction pump, and after the diversion of the water inflow ditches, it is transported to each intensive culture pond for reuse.

Further, in step (1), the environmental protection biogas fertilizer is solid, and the mass ratio of potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and biochar particles is 1:2:(3-3.5):10.

Further, in step (1), the biochar particles are made from straw by incineration in a carbonization furnace, and the environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is dehydrated, dried, pulverized, and granulated after being mixed with ammonium nitrate, urea, biochar particles, and potassium sulfate. get.

Further, in step (1), the ecological ditches are stepped ecological ditches, and rice, submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in the ecological ditches.

Further, in step (2) and step (4), the filter dam has an inverted trapezoidal structure, the depth of the filter dam is less than or equal to the maximum depth of the ecological ditch, and the width of the upper mouth of the filter dam is 2-2.5 meters.

Further, in step (3), a microbial preparation is added in the biological purification tank, and the microbial preparation is one or more of a bacillus preparation, a photosynthetic bacteria preparation, a lactic acid bacteria, and an EM bacterial preparation.

Further, in step (5), one or more of wet plants, emergent plants and submerged plants are planted in the aquatic plants clean pool.

Further, in step (3), the targets of microbial preparation decomposing are organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body, and in step (5), the degrading targets of aquatic plants are nitrogen, phosphorus and algae in the water body.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: in the present invention, the culture tail water is introduced into the filter tank to obtain the culture tail water particles and filter the culture tail water, and the culture tail water particles are added with potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urea. , Biochar particles are made into environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer, turning waste into treasure. The obtained environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer can be used as fertilizer for the growth of other crops, and can also be recycled to the plant purification module in the rice-fish symbiosis system. Environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is beneficial to The growth of planting crops supplements various nutrients needed by plants, which greatly saves the planting cost of farmers;

In the present invention, through the "three pools and two dams" treatment system, the system structure from front to back is an ecological ditch, a first filter dam, a biological purification pool, a second filter dam and an aquatic plant purification pool. By planting various aquatic plants in ecological ditches, and taking technical measures such as precipitation, microbial decomposition, and purification of aquatic plants, the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the filtered aquaculture tail water can be gradually reduced to ensure The aquaculture tail water is reused or discharged up to the standard. When it reaches the drainage ditches, the nutrients in the aquaculture tail water are filtered and the dynamic migration is also realized, which helps the growth of plants. The setting of the "three pools and two dams" treatment system avoids water pollution and increases the possibility of water pollution. Circulating water resources, saving farmers' breeding costs;

The setting of aquatic plants in the aquatic plant purification pool, the aquatic plants increase the oxygen content of the water body through photosynthesis, improve the economic value as aquatic vegetables, further purify the water quality, and can also cover the odor of some fish farming, the setting of stepped ecological ditches It can also convert the gravitational potential energy of the flowing filtered aquaculture tailwater into kinetic energy for use by other devices. The filter dam also has the functions of slowing down the water speed, prolonging the hydraulic retention time, precipitation and removing the particulate matter carried in the filtered aquaculture tailwater; at the same time, among them The nutrients obtained by filtering and degrading in each block can be recycled, reused and reprocessed to realize the dynamic migration of other nutrients. Through the method for the dynamic migration of nutrients in the rice-fish symbiosis of the present invention, batch utilization maximizes the utilization of aquaculture tail water and promotes It has solved the problems in the development of rice and fish farming environmental technology, and built a modern fishery with energy saving and emission reduction, high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached image:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a culture tail water reuse structure flow diagram in the present invention;

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example

In this embodiment, the intensive cultivation pond in the functional area is constructed in a rectangular shape, covering an area of 320 mu, the ecological ditches are built around the intensive cultivation pond, and the ecological ditches cover an area of 620 mu. The total drainage ditch passes through the first filter dam, the biological purification pool, the second filter dam and the aquatic plant purification pool in sequence, and the total drainage ditch is 1000 meters long.

Example 1

(1) Set up a filter tank in the ecological ditch, introduce the aquaculture tail water into the filter tank, and take the aquaculture tail water particulate matter, ammonium nitrate, urea, biochar particles, potassium sulfate with a mass ratio of 100: 1: 2: 3: 10, After dehydration, drying, pulverization, and granulation, the environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is made. The environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is spread in the ecological ditches, the remaining tail water is discharged into the ecological ditches, and rice is planted in the innermost part of the ecological ditches surrounding the intensive pond to form a rice belt. The width of the rice belt is 10m, and ranunculus, reed and black algae are alternately planted at an interval of 1 meter outside the rice belt, and the interval between ranunculus, reed and black algae is 0.5m. day to get sediment tail water;

(2) Lead the precipitation tail water in step (1) to the first filter dam, build the main box frame of the filter dam in an inverted trapezoid shape, and fill the interior with coarse gravel, ceramsite, cinder and adsorption medium biochar, coarse gravel, ceramic The mass ratio of granules, cinder and biochar is 2:1:1:1, and the width of the upper mouth of the filter dam is adjusted to 2 meters.

(3) in the step (2), filter sedimentation tail water and discharge into the biological purification tank, add the Bacillus preparation, photosynthetic bacteria preparation with mass ratio of 1:1 to the biological purification tank, the total dosage of the Bacillus preparation and the photosynthetic bacteria preparation It is 800g/t, and the microbial decomposition tail water is obtained after 2 days of microbial decomposition and precipitation;

(4) in the step (3), the microorganism decomposition tail water is introduced into the second filter dam, and the filter dam obtains the filtered microorganism decomposition tail water after the filtration adsorption particulate matter again;

(5) in step (4), filter microorganism tail water is passed into aquatic plant clean water pool, in aquatic plant clean water pool, are planted with bitter grass, hornwort and cress, and the interval between bitter grass, hornwort and cress is 0.5m, aquatic plants absorb, decompose and purify water for 2 days to obtain reusable tail water;

(6) a water pump is set at the water outlet of the aquatic plant cleaning pool, and the reusable tail water pump in step (5) is fed into the water inlet ditches, and the water inflow ditches are transported to each intensive pond for reuse after the diversion.

Example 2

(1) Set up a filter tank in the ecological ditch, introduce the aquaculture tail water into the filter tank, and take the aquaculture tail water particulate matter, ammonium nitrate, urea, biochar particles, potassium sulfate with a mass ratio of 100: 1: 2: 3: 10, After dehydration, drying, pulverization, and granulation, the environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is made. The environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is spread in the ecological ditches, the remaining tail water is discharged into the ecological ditches, and rice is planted in the innermost part of the ecological ditches surrounding the intensive pond to form a rice belt. The width of the rice belt is 10m, and ranunculus, reed and black algae are alternately planted at an interval of 1 meter outside the rice belt, and the interval between ranunculus, reed and black algae is 0.5m. day to get sediment tail water;

(2) Lead the precipitation tail water in step (1) to the first filter dam, build the main box frame of the filter dam in an inverted trapezoid shape, and fill the interior with coarse gravel, ceramsite, cinder and adsorption medium biochar, coarse gravel, ceramic The mass ratio of pellets, cinder and biochar is 2:1:1:1, and the width of the upper mouth of the filter dam is adjusted to 2.25 meters.

(3) in the step (2), filter sedimentation tail water and discharge into the biological purification tank, add the Bacillus preparation, photosynthetic bacteria preparation with mass ratio of 1:1 to the biological purification tank, the total dosage of the Bacillus preparation and the photosynthetic bacteria preparation It is 800g/t, and the microbial decomposition tail water is obtained after 3 days of microbial decomposition and precipitation;

(4) in the step (3), the microorganism decomposition tail water is introduced into the second filter dam, and the filter dam obtains the filtered microorganism decomposition tail water after the filtration adsorption particulate matter again;

(5) filter microorganism tail water in step (4) is passed into aquatic plant clean water pool, in aquatic plant clean water pool, plant bitter grass, hornwort and cress, bitter grass, the interval between hornwort and cress is 0.5m, aquatic plants absorb, decompose and purify water for 3 days to obtain reusable tail water;

(6) a water pump is set at the water outlet of the aquatic plant cleaning pool, and the reusable tail water pump in step (5) is fed into the water inlet ditches, and the water inflow ditches are transported to each intensive pond for reuse after the diversion.

Example 3

(1) Set up a filter tank in the ecological ditch, introduce the aquaculture tail water into the filter tank, and take the aquaculture tail water particulate matter, ammonium nitrate, urea, biochar particles, potassium sulfate with a mass ratio of 100: 1: 2: 3: 10, After dehydration, drying, pulverization, and granulation, the environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is made. The environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer is spread in the ecological ditches, the remaining tail water is discharged into the ecological ditches, and rice is planted in the innermost part of the ecological ditches surrounding the intensive pond to form a rice belt. The width of the rice belt is 10m, and ranunculus, reed and black algae are alternately planted at an interval of 1 meter outside the rice belt, and the interval between ranunculus, reed and black algae is 0.5m. day to get sediment tail water;

(2) Lead the precipitation tail water in step (1) to the first filter dam, build the main box frame of the filter dam in an inverted trapezoid shape, and fill the interior with coarse gravel, ceramsite, cinder and adsorption medium biochar, coarse gravel, ceramic The mass ratio of granule, cinder and biochar is 2:1:1:1, and the width of the upper mouth of the filter dam is adjusted to 2.5 meters.

(3) in the step (2), filter sedimentation tail water and discharge into the biological purification tank, add the Bacillus preparation, photosynthetic bacteria preparation with mass ratio of 1:1 to the biological purification tank, the total dosage of the Bacillus preparation and the photosynthetic bacteria preparation It is 800g/t, and the microbial decomposition tail water is obtained after 5 days of microbial decomposition and precipitation;

(4) in the step (3), the microorganism decomposition tail water is introduced into the second filter dam, and the filter dam obtains the filtered microorganism decomposition tail water after the filtration adsorption particulate matter again;

(5) filter microorganism tail water in step (4) is passed into aquatic plant clean water pool, in aquatic plant clean water pool, plant bitter grass, hornwort and cress, bitter grass, the interval between hornwort and cress is 0.5m, aquatic plants absorb, decompose and purify water for 5 days to obtain reusable tail water;

(6) a water pump is set at the water outlet of the aquatic plant cleaning pool, and the reusable tail water pump in step (5) is fed into the water inlet ditches, and the water inflow ditches are transported to each intensive pond for reuse after the diversion.

Example 4

(1) reclaim a piece of fertile soil as a test field, plant rice in the test field, and divide the test field into two evenly;

(2) take by weighing the environmental protection biogas fertilizer, evenly spread on the first experimental field after 30 days, measure the growth height before the application of paddy rice in the first experimental field;

(3) Measure the height of rice in the first experimental field 15 days, 30 days and 60 days after application, observe and record the growth of rice;

(4) After the test, take the paddy field water in the first test field, and detect the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water.

Comparative Example 1

In Comparative Example 1, Example 1 was used as the control group, and the parameter was changed to whether or not to recycle environmentally friendly biogas fertilizer.

(1) Set up ecological ditches around the intensive cultivation pond, plant rice within 10m of the inner circumference of the ecological ditches, plant submerged plants and emergent plants on the periphery at intervals of 0.5m, discharge the tail water from the cultivation into the ecological ditches, and cultivate the tail water. Precipitation and degradation in ecological ditches for 2 days to obtain precipitation tail water;

(2) Lead the precipitation tail water in step (1) to the first filter dam, build the main box frame of the filter dam in a trapezoidal shape, fill the interior with adsorbents, adjust the width of the upper mouth of the filter dam to 2 meters, and initially purify the tail water through After the filter dam is adsorbed and filtered, the filtered sediment tail water is obtained;

(3) the filtration and sedimentation tail water in the step (2) is discharged into the biological purification tank, and the microbial preparation Bacillus preparation, photosynthetic bacteria preparation, lactic acid bacteria and EM bacterial preparation are added to the biological purification tank, and the microbial decomposition tail is obtained after 2 days of microbial decomposition and precipitation. water;

(4) in the step (3), the microorganism decomposition tail water is introduced into the second filter dam, and the filter dam obtains the filtered microorganism decomposition tail water after the filtration adsorption particulate matter again;

(5) in step (4), filter microorganism tail water is passed into aquatic plant clean water pond, in aquatic plant clean water pond, plant emergent plants, submerged plants, aquatic plants absorb and decompose purified water quality and obtain reusable tail water after 2 days;

(6) a water pump is set at the water outlet of the aquatic plant cleaning pool, and the reusable tail water pump in step (5) is fed into the water inlet ditches, and the water inflow ditches are transported to each intensive pond for reuse after the diversion.

Comparative Example 2

Comparative example 2 takes Example 4 as a control group, and the change parameter is the difference of fertilizers. In this comparative example, the content of nitrogen fertilizer in the ordinary chemical fertilizer is 30%, the content of phosphate fertilizer is 15%, and the content of potassium fertilizer is 50%.

(1) reclaim a piece of fertile soil as a test field, plant rice in the test field, and divide the test field into two evenly;

(2) take by weighing the common chemical fertilizer of the same quality as environmental protection biogas fertilizer, evenly spread on the second test field after 30 days, measure the growth height before the application of paddy in the second test field;

(3) Measure the height of rice in the second test field 15 days, 30 days and 60 days after application, observe and record the growth of rice;

(4) After the test, the paddy field water in the second test field was taken to detect the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water.

By comparing Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be observed that in Example 1-3, the growth rate of plants in the ecological ditches is fast, the cleaning frequency of the filter dam is low, and the water in the water inlet ditches is clear and odorless; Comparative Example Among them, the aquaculture tail water particles discharged into the ecological ditches are more, deposited on the roots of plants, the fluidity of the culture tail water is relatively slow, the number of cleaning times of the filter dam is more, and the water output in the water inlet ditches is inferior to that of Example 1- 3. By comparing Example 4 and Comparative Example 1, it can be observed that the growth rate of the rice in the example and the comparative example is not much different, and the growth rate of the rice in Example 4 is more prosperous.

According to the above-mentioned Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the following conclusions can be clearly drawn: by filtering the culture tail water to obtain the culture tail water particulate matter and filtering the culture tail water, the culture tail water particulate matter is processed into an environmentally friendly biogas Fertilizer, turning waste into treasure, has the same effect on plantable land as chemical fertilizer, saving the cost of planting and breeding; and the filtered aquaculture tail water after being treated by the filter tank and the "three pools and two dams" system has excellent reusability. The filtered aquaculture tail water is used as the secondary circulating water in the "three pools and two dams" treatment system, which is not only conducive to the growth of plants and the supplement of nutrients, realizes the dynamic migration of nutrients, and saves water resources. It avoids serious water pollution, maximizes the availability of aquaculture tail water in the rice-fish symbiosis module, and promotes the development of difficult problems in the development of rice-fish aquaculture environmental technology.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A rice and fish symbiotic nutrient substance dynamic migration breeding method is characterized in that: the culture method comprises the following steps:

(1) Discharging the culture tail water of the intensive culture pond to a filter tank through a water outlet, filtering by the filter tank to obtain culture tail water particles and filtered tail water, adding potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea and biochar particles into the culture tail water particles, mixing to prepare environment-friendly biogas manure, applying the environment-friendly biogas manure as a fertilizer to an ecological ditch, discharging the filtered tail water into the ecological ditch, and performing plant degradation and precipitation in the ecological ditch for 2-5 days to obtain precipitated tail water;

(2) Leading the precipitation tail water obtained in the step (1) to a first filtering dam, and performing adsorption filtration through the first filtering dam to obtain filtered precipitation tail water;

(3) Introducing the filtered and precipitated tail water obtained in the step (2) into a biological purification tank, and performing microbial decomposition and precipitation in the biological purification tank for 2-4 days to obtain microbial decomposition tail water;

(4) Introducing the microbial decomposition tail water obtained in the step (3) to a second filtering dam, and performing adsorption filtration through the second filtering dam to obtain filtered microbial decomposition tail water;

(5) Introducing the filtered microbial decomposition tail water obtained in the step (4) into a clean water pool of aquatic plants, and absorbing, decomposing and purifying the water for 2-5 days by the aquatic plants in the pool to obtain reusable tail water;

(6) Pumping the tail water which can be reused in the step (5) into the water inlet ditch by using a water suction pump, and conveying the split water to each intensive culture pond for reuse after the split water of the water inlet ditch.

2. The rice and fish symbiotic nutrient substance dynamic migration culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the environment-friendly biogas manure is solid, and the mass ratio of culture tail water particles, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea and biochar particles is 100:1:2: (3-3.5): 10.

3. the rice and fish symbiotic nutrient substance dynamic migration culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ecological ditch is seeded with rice, submerged plants and emergent aquatic plants.

4. The rice and fish symbiotic nutrient substance dynamic migration culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2) and the step (4), the filtering dam is of an inverted trapezoidal structure, the depth of the filtering dam is less than or equal to the maximum depth of the ecological ditch, and the width of an upper opening of the filtering dam is 2-2.5 meters.

5. The rice and fish symbiotic nutrient substance dynamic migration culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), a microbial preparation is added into the biological purification tank, and the microbial preparation is one or more of a bacillus preparation, a photosynthetic bacteria preparation, lactic acid bacteria and an EM microbial agent.

6. The rice and fish symbiotic nutrient substance dynamic migration culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), one or more of hygrophytes, emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants are planted in the aquatic plant clean water tank.

7. The dynamic migration cultivation method of symbiotic nutrients for rice and fishing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the biochar particles are prepared by burning straws in a carbonization furnace, and the environment-friendly biogas fertilizer is prepared by mixing culture tail water particles, ammonium nitrate, urea, biochar particles and potassium sulfate, dehydrating, drying, crushing and granulating.

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