CN115126233A

CN115126233A - Construction method for using cantilever beam plate high formwork with complex outer vertical surface as outer wall scaffold

Info

Publication number: CN115126233A
Application number: CN202210921749.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢勇; 李画; 余鹏伟; 邓茂云
Original assignee: Guangdong Zhonglianjian Construction Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Zhonglianjian Construction Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-02
Filing date: 2022-08-02
Publication date: 2022-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-02
Also published as: CN115126233B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of scaffolds, and discloses a construction method for a cantilever beam plate high formwork with a complex outer vertical surface and serving as an outer wall scaffold, which comprises the following steps: safety calculation is carried out on the formwork support frame and the outer wall scaffold in advance, and the vertical and horizontal distances of upright rods of the formwork support frame, the step heights of horizontal rods and the wall connecting distances of the outer wall scaffold are determined; pre-buried wall spare of linking on the roof beam, will hang cantilever beam board formwork support frame and indoor formwork support body and link to become wholly, accomplish the structure construction back, will link wall spare and support body with the steel pipe and link, demolish beam form and directly relevant horizon bar and the internal bridging of support, increase the horizontal pole of moving about freely and quickly of laying reinforcing bar net piece, convert former cantilever beam board formwork support into outer wall scaffold. The cantilever beam plate formwork support frame has three purposes, is used for structural construction, outer wall decoration construction and safety protection, greatly saves engineering cost, shortens construction period and has smaller safety accident risk. The method and the structure exceeding the safety technical specification are not adopted in the whole process, and the national standard requirement is met.

Description

Construction method for using cantilever beam plate high formwork with complex outer vertical surface as outer wall scaffold

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of scaffolds, in particular to a construction method for using a cantilever beam plate high formwork with a complex outer vertical surface as an outer wall scaffold.

Background

At present, many large-scale building projects involve the problems of complex outer vertical surfaces and high formwork support, and the scaffold construction faces a plurality of difficulties. The complex outer vertical surface refers to a building appearance shape with a curved outer vertical surface, discontinuous cantilever beam plates of each layer and different lengths, and the high formwork refers to a formwork system with a formwork height larger than 8 m. For a cantilever beam plate high formwork with a complex outer vertical surface, a special formwork support frame is erected under a cantilever beam plate in the traditional method, and a floor scaffold needs to be erected outside a cantilever beam plate formwork support scaffold for safety protection, or cantilever I-steel outer wall scaffolds are erected in a segmented mode along the height direction. And after the structure construction is finished, the structure is dismantled, and a decorative scaffold is set up again in the external decoration stage or the external vertical surface is decorated in an overhead operation crane. The method needs to repeatedly set up the outer wall frame body, and has complex procedures, high cost and long construction period.

Due to the requirement of safety management, the current safety technical specification stipulates that the external wall scaffold cannot be used as a structural formwork scaffold, but no limitation is made on whether the formwork scaffold can be used as the external wall scaffold.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a construction method for an overhanging beam plate high formwork which has a complex outer vertical surface and is also used as an outer wall scaffold.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method is characterized in that a high formwork support frame of a cantilever beam plate with a complex outer vertical surface is also used as an outer wall scaffold, under the condition that a building design is carried out on the outer vertical surface and the cantilever beam plate is complex and has a cantilever beam plate, and a floor type formwork support frame needs to be erected, the design requirement of the outer wall scaffold is taken into consideration in advance to design the cantilever beam plate formwork support frame, embedded part treatment is carried out when the cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is erected, a formwork support body and an indoor formwork support body are linked into a whole, after the structure construction is completed, a partial structure is disassembled and a partial structure is added, and the original cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is converted into the outer wall scaffold.

The construction method of the high formwork support of the cantilever beam plate with the complex outer vertical surface serving as an outer wall scaffold comprises the following steps:

s1, carrying out safety calculation on the cantilever beam plate formwork support, and determining the vertical and horizontal distances of the vertical rods and the horizontal rod step height of the formwork support body and measures for linking the indoor formwork support body;

s2, calculating the parameters of the scaffold of the outer wall, and determining the distance between the scaffold and the wall without changing the upright rods of the formwork support body, partial vertical and horizontal rods, the outer side cross braces and the safety net;

s3, according to the parameters and measures determined in the steps S1 and S2, erecting a cantilever beam plate formwork support frame, embedding a wall connecting piece on the beam, and enabling the formwork support frame body and an indoor formwork support body to be linked into a whole, wherein in the structural construction stage, the scaffold system is not only a formwork support body, but also serves as a safety protection frame;

s4, after the structure construction is completed, in the decoration construction stage, the wall connecting piece is connected with the frame body by a steel pipe, the beam template, the directly related horizontal rods of the beam template and the cross braces in the frame body are removed, the vertical and horizontal rods for laying the reinforcing mesh are added, and the original cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is converted into an outer wall scaffold to be used as a safety protection frame in the outer wall decoration construction and decoration construction stages;

and S5, finishing construction of the outer wall surface base layer in the outer wall scaffold, and finishing construction of the decorative surface layer in the process of dismantling the outer wall scaffold.

Further, the step S1 includes determining the vertical and horizontal distances and the horizontal rod step height of the formwork support body according to the length of the cantilever beam, the cross-sectional dimension of the cantilever beam, the formwork height, the local wind load, the specifications of the flitch and the steel pipe, and other parameters.

Further, the step S2 includes determining the distance between the wall and the wall by using the vertical rods of the structural formwork according to the frame height, the building floor height, the number of scaffold floor layers, the specification of the steel pipes, the local wind load and other parameters.

Further, in step S3, the erecting of the cantilever beam slab formwork support includes the following steps: set up the wooden bolster, set up and sweep the ground pole, set up pole setting, horizontal and vertical horizontal rod, set up even wall spare, set up and embrace the post, installation horizontal bridging, installation beam slab support piece links into whole with horizontal rod and floor support body, and vertical bridging of installation installs support body outside bridging, safety net, the horizontal safety net of each floor of installation, each floor safety protection railing of installation.

Further, the step S4 includes adding longitudinal steel pipes at intervals of more than 1.8m and less than 3m by using the vertical rods, the longitudinal and transverse horizontal rods and the wall connecting members of the structural formwork, additionally laying steel fence nets to operate scaffold boards, removing the beam slab formwork and the horizontal rods of the structural construction part, and converting the beam slab formwork into an external wall scaffold. Increase vertical steel pipe according to reasonable interval, make things convenient for personnel's operation in the outer wall scaffold.

Further, step S5 includes, utilize outer wall scaffold to install the curtain skeleton, demolish curtain panel or the above scaffold of decorative cover construction after accomplishing, remain the protection frame, install the curtain wall face.

The invention has the technical effects that:

1. in the traditional method, an external cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is independently erected, the cantilever beam plate needs to be dismantled after construction, a decorative scaffold is erected again, and an overhanging I-shaped steel external wall scaffold for safety protection needs to be erected outside the cantilever beam plate formwork support frame in a grounding mode or in a subsection mode along the height direction. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the cantilever beam slab formwork support frame has three purposes, not only can be used for structural construction and outer wall decoration construction, but also can be used for safety protection, the structure and the material shared by the cantilever beam slab formwork support frame and the outer wall scaffold do not need to be repeatedly erected, the engineering cost is greatly saved, generally can be saved by 50%, and the construction period is shortened.

2. When the technical scheme of the invention is applied, when the scaffold is dismantled, projects are basically finished, the number of constructors is small, and the risk of safety accidents caused by the striking of objects is smaller.

3. The technical scheme of the invention is suitable for the cantilever beam slab high formwork with all vertical surface shapes and also used as an outer wall decoration and safety protection frame. It should be noted that the high formwork and the external wall scaffold are floor type scaffolds, and the building height is not more than 50m in consideration of economic factors.

4. The requirements of the structural formwork scaffold on the aspects of bearing, structural stability and the like are far higher than those of an outer wall scaffold, the structural parameters of the outer wall scaffold are considered when the beam slab formwork scaffold is built, a mode of removing partial structures and supplementing partial structures is converted into the outer wall scaffold, a method and a structure which exceed the safety technical specification are not adopted in the whole process, and the requirements of national standards are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a construction project with complex exterior facades and with cantilever beam panels;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cantilever region formwork structure, wherein fig. 2a is a side elevation view, and fig. 2b is an elevation view corresponding to the height;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the bottom of FIG. 2 a;

FIG. 4 is a view of a portion A of FIG. 3 showing a wall connecting member;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the middle portion of FIG. 2 a;

FIG. 6 is a system diagram of a template of the beam, portion B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a view of the cantilever form support frame shown in FIG. 5, partially C;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the upper portion of FIG. 2 a;

FIG. 9 is a view showing a part D of FIG. 8, showing a roof cantilever formwork

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an outer wall scaffold, wherein fig. 10a is a side elevation view and fig. 10b is a corresponding elevation view;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the middle of FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is a detail view of the operating scaffold board laying of fig. 11, detail E.

The figures are labeled as follows: 1. a roof cornice overhanging region; 21. a wood base plate; 22. a ground sweeping bar; 23. erecting a rod; 24. a wall connecting piece; 241. a wall connecting rod; 242. a double fastener; 25. embracing the column; 26. horizontal cross bracing; 27. a beam panel support member; 28. a horizontal bar; 29. a vertical scissor brace; 210. continuous type bridging; 211. a safety pocket net; 212. an adjustable bracket; 213. a guard rail; 214. a cantilever beam formwork system; 215. a concrete structure; 31. a steel basketry net operating scaffold board; 32. and (5) steel pipes.

Detailed Description

The following provides a concrete embodiment of construction engineering, and the technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The building engineering project has 8 layers, the layer height is 6m +2 layers 5m +5 layers 4.2m, and the building engineering project is characterized in that the outer vertical surface is complex in modeling and is provided with cantilever beam plates, the cantilever beam plates of all layers are discontinuous and different in length, the elevation of the highest structural surface of each cantilever beam plate is 37m, and the outer wall decoration is designed into a glass curtain wall. A high formwork needs to be erected for structural construction, and an outer wall scaffold is needed for curtain wall installation and construction after the structural construction is completed. The plan view is shown in figure 1, 4 shaded parts in the figure are overhanging areas 1 of the roof cornice, the overhanging areas belong to areas with complex outer facades, the maximum overhanging length is 2.9m, the maximum beam is 0.35m by 0.8m, and the plate thickness is 0.12 m.

The project adopts the construction method of the cantilever beam slab high formwork frame with complex outer vertical surfaces as an outer wall scaffold for construction, and the cantilever structure formwork frame body with complex outer vertical surfaces has three purposes, so that the project is used for structure construction and outer wall decoration construction, simultaneously plays a safety protection role, and realizes the aim of saving construction period and cost.

The specific implementation steps are as follows:

and S1, performing safety calculation on the cantilever beam plate formwork support, determining the vertical and horizontal distances of the vertical rods and the horizontal rod step height of the formwork support body, and determining measures for linking the indoor formwork support body, specifically determining the vertical and horizontal distances of the vertical rods and the horizontal rod step height of the formwork support body according to the parameters of the length of the cantilever beam, the section size of the cantilever beam, the formwork height, the local wind load, the specifications of the wood beam, the steel pipe and the like. The project obtains the requirement that the distance between the vertical rods is not more than 950mm x 950mm through calculation, and the actually adopted distance is 940mm x 940 mm; the horizontal rod steps up 1500 mm. The measure that high formwork support body and surrounding major structure are linked specifically is to carry out the pillar drawknot or link wall drawknot, guarantees that support body and building form reliable connection.

Step S2, calculating scaffold parameters of the outer wall, and determining the distance between the two walls without changing the upright rods of the formwork support body, partial vertical and horizontal rods, the outer side cross braces and the safety net; specifically, the vertical rods of the structural formwork are utilized to determine the distance between the wall connecting plates according to parameters such as the height of a frame body, the height of a building layer, the number of layers of scaffold plates, the specification of a steel pipe, local wind load and the like. The project obtains the requirement that the distance between the two connected walls is two steps and two spans through calculation.

And step S3, according to the parameters and measures determined in the steps S1 and S2, erecting a cantilever beam plate formwork support frame, embedding a connecting wall piece on the beam, and enabling the formwork support frame body and an indoor formwork support body to be linked into a whole.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cantilever region formwork structure, wherein fig. 2a is a side elevation, fig. 2b is a height-corresponding elevation, and enlarged views of the bottom, middle and upper portions of fig. 2a are respectively shown in fig. 3, 5 and 8. In step S3, the erection of the cantilever beam slab formwork support includes the following steps: erecting a wood base plate 21; a floor sweeping rod 22 is erected and is not more than 200mm away from the ground; erecting upright rods 23, wherein the spacing is not more than 950mm and 950mm, and the actual spacing is 940mm and 940 mm; the horizontal rods 28 are vertically and horizontally erected, the step pitch is not more than 1500mm, the horizontal rods and the floor frame body are connected into a whole, and at least two spans or not less than three vertical rods are extended; erecting wall connecting pieces 24, wherein one wall connecting piece is arranged along each floor edge in every two spans; erecting a holding column 25, setting one holding column every two steps or no more than 3m, wherein the horizontal distance is no more than 7m, and a holding column pull rod extends into the formwork support and is at least pulled and tied to two spans or three upright rods in each direction; installing horizontal cross braces 26, and arranging a continuous horizontal cross brace at the top, the bottom and the middle respectively; mounting the beam panel supports 27; vertical cross braces 29 are installed, and one cross is arranged every 6-8; installing continuous type scissor supports 210, arranging the scissor supports along the outer side of the frame body, arranging vertical continuous type scissor supports around the frame body and in the middle of the frame body at intervals of 5m in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, and tightly supporting the bottom ends of the scissor support rod pieces and the bottom surface at an included angle of 45-60 degrees; a safety pocket net 211 is horizontally installed in a closed manner; mounting each floor safety protection railing 213, which is one step higher than the working surface, and hanging a dense mesh type safety net on the outer vertical surface of each floor; mounting the adjustable bracket 212; and installing a cantilever beam formwork system 214, which comprises a top support, a main keel, a secondary keel and a wood board.

In the embodiment, the beam-slab formwork panels are all made of laminated wood plywood with the thickness of 15mm, the beam bottom and the beam side secondary keel are both 40 x 90 battens, the steel pipes are all phi 48 x 3.5mm, and the lower formwork and the support cannot be detached before concrete pouring and tamping of the upper layer structure.

As shown in figure 4, wall connecting pieces are arranged near the structural beam and connected with upright rods of the high formwork support body in a pulling mode, one connecting piece is arranged at every two steps (3 m), the reliable connection between the support body and a building is guaranteed, a pulling node signboard is hung at the pulling node, and the surface of the pulling node is painted with red paint. The concrete structure and method for setting up the wall connecting piece 24 are that the double fasteners 242 are pre-buried in the concrete structure 216, after the vertical rods 23 and the horizontal rods 28 are set up, the wall connecting rod 241 is set up above the horizontal rod horizontal to the floor structure surface, and is tightly connected and locked with the pre-buried double fasteners 242.

As shown in fig. 6, which is a diagram of a formwork system of a beam, specifically, a formwork structure of a beam is shown, a cantilever beam formwork system 214 is fixed by using vertical rods 23 and horizontal rods, double fasteners 242 are pre-embedded when a concrete structure 215 is poured, and then the beam formwork system is connected and fixed with the vertical rods through wall connecting rods 241.

As shown in fig. 7, the cantilever slab formwork construction is shown, the vertical rods 23 and the horizontal rods 28 form a supporting system, the top ends of the vertical rods are provided with adjustable brackets 214, and then cantilever beam formwork systems 214 including top supports, main keels, secondary keels and wood boards are arranged above the vertical rods so as to pour a concrete structure 215.

Fig. 9 shows a structural view of a roof cantilever formwork, which is similar to the structure of fig. 7, except that a safety guard rail 213 is installed one step higher than the working surface.

Step S4, after the structure construction is completed, in the decoration construction stage, the wall connecting piece is connected with the frame body by the steel pipe, the beam template and the directly related horizontal rods and the shear braces in the frame body are removed, the vertical and horizontal rods for paving the steel basketry net are added, and the original cantilever beam plate support die frame is converted into an outer wall scaffold to be used as a safety protection frame in the outer wall decoration construction and decoration construction stage. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the vertical rods 23, the longitudinal and transverse horizontal rods 28 and the wall connecting pieces 24 of the structural formwork are utilized, longitudinal steel pipes 32 are added according to the distance between more than 1.8m and less than 3m, steel fence net laying operation scaffold boards 31 are additionally arranged, beam slab formworks and horizontal rods of structural construction parts are removed, and the beam slab formwork is converted into an external wall scaffold. Comparing fig. 2 and fig. 10, it can be seen that the original cantilever beam slab formwork support is converted into an outer wall scaffold, and the beam slab formwork is removed, and the horizontal rods for supporting the structure construction are retained, so that the horizontal rods required by the outer wall construction are retained.

As shown in fig. 12, which is a detailed view of the laying of the operation scaffold boards, after the beam slab formwork is removed, the vertical rods 23, the longitudinal and transverse horizontal rods 28 and the wall connecting pieces 24 are used to increase the longitudinal steel pipes 32 at intervals of more than 1.8m and less than 3m, and the steel fence mesh is additionally laid to operate the scaffold boards 31, so that the conversion of the external wall scaffold is realized.

And S5, finishing construction of the outer wall surface base layer in the outer wall scaffold, and finishing construction of the decorative surface layer in the process of dismantling the outer wall scaffold. Utilize outer wall scaffold frame installation curtain skeleton earlier, demolish curtain panel or architectural surface layer after accomplishing and construct above scaffold frame, remain the protection frame, install the curtain wall face.

In this embodiment, the wall connecting rod, the double fasteners, the steel pipe, the steel fence net, the top support, the main keel, the sub keel, the wood plate, and the like are all common standard components, and the specific structure thereof is the prior art and will not be described herein.

In the embodiment, the traditional method is not used in scaffold construction, namely, an external cantilever beam slab formwork support frame is independently erected, the cantilever beam slab is dismantled after construction, the decorative scaffold is erected again, the cantilever structure formwork support frame is used for three purposes, the scaffold is used for structure construction and external wall decoration construction, and meanwhile, the scaffold is used for safety protection, so that the construction period is greatly shortened; the structure and the material shared by the cantilever beam plate formwork support and the outer wall scaffold do not need to be repeatedly erected, and the engineering cost is saved by over 50 percent; when the scaffold is dismantled, the project is basically finished, the number of constructors is small, and the risk of safety accidents caused by the striking of objects is small; the method and the structure exceeding the safety technical specification are not adopted in the whole process, and the national standard requirement is met.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way and substantially, and all technical solutions falling within the spirit of the present invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The construction method of the cantilever beam plate high formwork frame with a complex outer vertical surface serving as an outer wall scaffold comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a cantilever beam plate is arranged on a complex building design outer vertical surface, a floor type formwork support frame needs to be erected, the design requirement of an outer wall scaffold is taken into consideration in advance, the cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is designed, embedded parts are processed when the cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is erected, a formwork support body and an indoor formwork support body are linked into a whole, after structure construction is completed, a partial structure is dismantled and a partial structure is added, and the original cantilever beam plate formwork support frame is converted into the outer wall scaffold.

2. The construction method of the cantilever beam plate high formwork support doubling as an outer wall scaffold with complex outer facades according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

3. The method for constructing a scaffold with a complex outer facade as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S1 comprises determining the vertical and horizontal distances between the vertical rods and the horizontal rod step height of the scaffold body according to the length of the cantilever beam, the cross-sectional dimension of the cantilever beam, the height of the scaffold, the local wind load, the specifications of the wood beam and the steel tube, and other parameters.

4. The method for constructing a scaffold with a complex outer facade as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 comprises determining the distance between adjacent walls according to the height of the scaffold, the height of the building, the number of scaffold boards, the specification of steel pipes, the local wind load, etc. by using the vertical rods of the structural scaffold.

5. The construction method of the cantilever beam slab high formwork doubling as an outer wall scaffold with a complex outer facade as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the erecting of the cantilever beam slab formwork comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the steps of erecting a wood base plate, erecting a floor sweeping rod, erecting a vertical rod, a longitudinal horizontal rod and a transverse horizontal rod, erecting a wall connecting piece, erecting a holding column, installing a horizontal bridging piece, installing a beam plate supporting piece, connecting the horizontal rod and a floor frame body into a whole, installing a vertical bridging piece, installing a bridging piece outside the frame body, a safety net, installing horizontal safety nets of all floors and installing safety protection railings of all floors.

6. The method for constructing a scaffold with a complex external vertical surface by using a cantilever beam slab high formwork as an external wall scaffold as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S4 comprises the steps of increasing longitudinal steel pipes at a distance of more than 1.8m and less than 3m by using vertical rods, longitudinal horizontal rods and wall connecting members of the structural formwork, additionally laying steel fence nets to operate scaffold slabs, removing beam slab formworks and horizontal rods of the structural construction part, and converting the beam slab formwork into the external wall scaffold.

7. The construction method of the cantilever beam slab high formwork doubling as an outer wall scaffold with the complex outer vertical surface according to claim 2, which is applied to the construction engineering project that the outer vertical surface is a curved surface, each layer of cantilever beam slab is discontinuous and has different lengths, and a formwork system with the height of more than 8m and less than 50m is erected.