CN115110348A - High stability fastener damping system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high-stability fastener vibration damping system which comprises a rail lower pad, an upper iron base plate, a middle vibration damping pad, a vibration isolation plate, a plate lower vibration damping pad, a lower iron base plate and an insulation coupling base plate, wherein the rail lower pad, the upper iron base plate, the middle vibration damping pad, the vibration isolation plate, the plate lower vibration damping pad, the lower iron base plate and the insulation coupling base plate are arranged layer by layer from top to bottom; the lower rail pad is a rectangular rubber pad, round nail columns are arranged below the rail, and round nail columns are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle vibration damping pad and the lower plate vibration damping pad; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has the advantages that the circular nail columns are arranged on the surfaces of the rail lower pad, the middle vibration damping pad and the plate lower vibration damping pad, so that the vibration damping effect of the device can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, due to the non-uniform arrangement of the circular nail columns, the outward turning condition of the whole device due to uneven stress can be effectively prevented; through the combination of the mounting gasket and the mounting column, the self-locking function of the device can be realized, and the device is convenient to mount and fix.

Description

A high-stability fastener damping system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment, in particular to a high-stability fastener vibration damping system.

Background technique

In the field of urban rail transit, double-layer damping fasteners are the most commonly used medium damping. With the increasing emphasis on vibration reduction and noise reduction in society, the rail market has higher vibration reduction performance requirements for vibration reduction fasteners. The damping performance of fasteners is directly related to its vertical stiffness. The lower the stiffness, the better the damping performance. The rail is subjected to the double action of the vertical load and the lateral load of the wheel. The reduction of the vertical stiffness of the fastener will indirectly lead to the deterioration of the lateral stability of the rail. The existing double-layer vibration reduction fasteners cannot meet the dual requirements of vibration reduction performance and stability .

At present, in the field of urban rail transit, two measures can be used to achieve high-level vibration reduction of rails: fastener vibration reduction and track bed vibration reduction. Compared with the vibration reduction of the ballast bed, the use of fasteners to reduce vibration has the advantages of simple construction, convenient maintenance and low cost. The most commonly used high-level vibration damping fasteners are floating rail fasteners, multi-layer vibration damping fasteners and ZK fasteners.

For floating rail fasteners, there are problems of prominent corrugation, uncommon components, difficult construction and maintenance, and unusable rail joints on seamed lines. Therefore, it is more practical to use compression type vibration damping fasteners. Generally speaking, the lower the stiffness of the damping fastener, the better the damping effect. However, for the compression type vibration damping fastener, the lower the stiffness, the greater the offset of the rail head, and these two indicators are contradictory. At present, in order to improve the lateral stability of the compression type vibration damping fasteners in the market, the method of adding a lateral limit device is basically adopted. A filler block is placed between, and the lateral displacement and deflection of the upper iron plate are restrained by the lower iron plate. With this design scheme, on the one hand, the deflection of the rail caused by the non-uniform deformation of the under-rail pad cannot be limited, and the effect of improving the lateral stability of the rail is limited. On the other hand, with the wear and tear of the filler block, the upper and lower iron pads have a fitting gap in the lateral direction. At this time, the shoulder of the lower iron pad cannot function as a lateral limiter for the upper iron pad. Furthermore, with this structure, the number of fastener components is additionally increased, which is not conducive to production cost control and later maintenance. At present, there is no implementation in the market to improve the lateral stability of the fastener through the non-uniform design of the fastener stiffness.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a non-uniform vibration damping fastener that can effectively solve the damage to the components of the rail fastener due to uneven stress.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a high-stability fastener vibration reduction system, comprising a rail lower pad, an upper iron pad, a middle vibration reduction pad, a vibration isolation plate, a lower plate vibration reduction pad, and a lower iron pad , insulating coupling pads and fixing devices; the rail lower pads, upper iron pads, middle vibration damping pads, vibration isolation plates, lower vibration pads, lower iron pads and insulating coupling pads are arranged one by one from top to bottom. layer settings;

The under-rail pad is a cuboid rubber pad and a circular nail post is arranged below the under-rail;

The upper iron backing plate is a rectangular plate and the installation holes of the hollow structure are arranged at the diagonal positions;

The middle vibration damping pad is a rectangular plate with the same shape as the upper iron pad, and the reserved holes of the hollow structure corresponding to the installation holes are arranged at the diagonal positions;

The lower iron backing plate is a plate with the same shape as the upper iron backing plate, the diagonal positions of the lower iron backing plate are provided with corresponding installation holes and installation posts are arranged, and the installation posts are a hollow cylinder in the middle. structure, the lower iron backing plate is provided with a mounting groove of the indented structure;

The vibration isolation plate is a plate corresponding to the shape of the mounting groove on the lower iron pad;

The under-board vibration-damping pad is a rubber pad with the same shape as the vibration isolation plate, and the under-board vibration-damping pad is installed in the installation groove;

The insulating coupling pad is a structure corresponding to the shape of the lower iron pad.

Preferably, circular nails are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle damping pad and the under-board damping pad, and the circular nails of the under-rail pad, the middle damping pad and the under-board damping pad are determined by the device. The density of the inner to outer nails of the central axis changes from dense to sparse.

Preferably, a fixing device is arranged at a diagonal position on the upper iron backing plate, the fixing device comprises a fixing seat, a fixing elastic strip and a gauge block, and the fixing seat is arranged above the upper iron backing plate, so The fixed elastic strip is fixed on the fixed seat, and the rail gauge block is fixed and pressed by the fixed elastic strip, and the gauge block is arranged on the inner side of the fixed elastic strip to fix the rail.

Preferably, a mounting bolt is arranged inside the mounting column, the mounting bolt penetrates the mounting column, a bolt sleeve is arranged below the mounting bolt, and a mounting pad is arranged at the upper end of the mounting bolt through the middle position of the upper iron plate. The bolt sleeve is arranged below the insulating coupling backing plate, the inner thread of the bolt sleeve corresponds to the thread setting of the mounting bolt, the outer diameter of the bolt sleeve is larger than the internal penetration diameter of the installation column, and the bolt The outer edge of the bushing is immediately below the insulating coupling pad.

Further, the upper side of the mounting column and the lower side of the mounting pad are provided with the same tooth structure.

Further, a spring washer is arranged between the top of the mounting bolt and the mounting washer.

Further, the outer side of the bolt sleeve is provided with a mounting thread.

Preferably, corresponding positions on the upper iron pad, the middle vibration damping pad and the lower iron pad are provided with pre-tightening bolt holes through the structure, and pre-tightening bolts are arranged in the pre-tightening bolt holes.

Preferably, an installation frame is arranged around the installation groove.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that: the device can effectively improve the vibration reduction effect of the device by setting the circular nail column design on the surfaces of the under-rail pad, the middle vibration damping pad and the under-board vibration damping pad, and at the same time, the non-uniform circular nail column The installation can effectively prevent the whole device from turning over due to uneven force; the self-locking function of the device can be realized by the combination of the installation gasket and the installation column, which is convenient for installation and fixation of the device; at the same time, the advantage of the device is that :

(1) High stability and high vibration reduction effect

This device adopts three layers of elastic backing plate - "non-linear high torsion resistance rubber backing plate", this rubber elastic backing plate has the nonlinear characteristics of "low load and low stiffness, high load and high stiffness", and the rubber backing plate is from It starts to work without load and is not affected by the tightening force of the bolts. It makes full use of the elasticity of the rubber, which can maximize the low dynamic stiffness and has a good vibration and noise reduction effect. The upper and lower iron pads of the fastener are in direct contact without a connecting sleeve structure, which reduces the number of lateral fittings between the upper and lower iron pads, and the mating areas of the upper and lower iron pads are precision-machined, and the gap between the two is extremely high. In this way, the restraint of the lower iron plate of the fastener on the upper iron plate is effectively enhanced, thereby improving the lateral stability of the fastener. In addition, the lower iron plate of the fastener has an integrated non-opening structure, which has better safety and stability than some high-level vibration-absorbing fasteners on the market that use a support column structure or an open-air structure.

(2) Low-shear bottom plate connecting structure design

Only one layer of low-density polyethylene backing plate is designed under the lower iron backing plate of the device, that is, the insulating coupling backing plate. Large, not elastic providing elements. The deformation is extremely small when under load, and most of the transverse shear force is offset by the friction between the coupling pad and the iron pad and the top surface of the sleeper, which effectively reduces the shear force on the road stud and increases the service life of the road stud. safety.

(3) Design of height adjustment ability and distance adjustment ability

In order to overcome the unevenness of the track caused by the construction error of the foundation engineering, the creep of the bridge, the uneven settlement of the bridge pier and the uneven settlement of the roadbed, etc., it is required that the fastener system must have the ability to adjust the height and left and right position of the rail. Especially the ballastless track, the adjustment ability of the track is almost completely realized by the fastener, and the height adjustment and distance adjustment ability of the fastener is very critical; The gauge adjustment amount of ~+8mm; the height adjustment is realized by adding a height adjustment pad under the rail or under the fastener, and the height adjustment amount can reach 0～30mm, or (-4～+26)mm, These settings can fully meet the laying requirements of the line.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the whole device of a high-stability fastener vibration reduction system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall device assembly structure of a high-stability fastener damping system.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower rail pad of a high-stability fastener damping system.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of the under-rail pad of a high-stability fastener damping system.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rail lower pad of a high-stability fastener damping system.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle vibration damping pad of a high stability fastener damping system.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower pad of a plate of a high-stability fastener vibration reduction system.

Among them: 1. Under-rail pad; 2. Upper iron pad; 3. Middle vibration damping pad; 4. Vibration isolation plate; 5. Lower vibration damping pad; 6. Lower iron pad; 61. Installation column; 7. Insulation coupling pad; 8. Fixing device; 81. Fixed seat; 82. Fixed elastic strip; 83. Gauge block; 9. Mounting bolt; 91. Bolt sleeve; 92. Mounting gasket; 93. Spring washer; 94. Pre-tighten bolt holes; 95. Pre-tighten bolts.

Detailed ways

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1-7, a high-stability fastener vibration reduction system includes a rail lower pad 1, an upper iron pad 2, a middle vibration damping pad 3, a vibration isolation plate 4, a lower vibration damping pad 5, a lower Iron pad 6, insulating coupling pad 7 and fixing device 8; rail lower pad 1, upper iron pad 2, middle vibration damping pad 3, vibration isolation plate 4, lower vibration damping pad 5, lower iron pad 6 and The insulating coupling pads 7 are arranged layer by layer from top to bottom;

The under-rail pad 1 is a cuboid rubber pad and a circular nail column is arranged below the rail;

The upper iron backing plate 2 is a rectangular plate and the mounting holes of the hollow structure are arranged at the diagonal positions;

The middle vibration damping pad 3 is a rectangular plate with the same shape as the upper iron pad 2, and the reserved holes of the hollow structure corresponding to the mounting holes are arranged at the diagonal positions;

The lower iron backing plate 6 is a plate with the same shape as the upper iron backing plate 2. The diagonal positions of the lower iron backing plate 6 are provided with corresponding mounting holes and mounting posts 61 are arranged. The mounting groove of the indented structure is arranged on the backing plate 6;

The vibration isolation plate 4 is a plate corresponding to the shape of the installation groove on the lower iron backing plate 6;

The under-board vibration damping pad 5 is a rubber pad with the same shape as the vibration isolation plate 4, and the under-board vibration damping pad 5 is installed in the installation groove;

The insulating coupling pad 7 is of a shape corresponding to the lower iron pad 6 .

Preferably, a fixing device 8 is provided at a diagonal position on the upper iron backing plate 2. The fixing device 8 includes a fixing seat 81, a fixing elastic bar 82, and a gauge block 83. The fixing seat 81 is arranged above the upper iron backing plate 2 and is fixed The elastic bar 82 is fixed on the fixing seat 81 , and the fixing elastic bar 82 is fixed by screwing and presses the gauge block 83 , and the gauge block 83 is arranged inside the fixing elastic bar 82 for rail fixing.

Preferably, mounting bolts 9 are arranged inside the mounting column 61 , the mounting bolts 9 penetrate the mounting column 61 , a bolt sleeve 91 is arranged below the mounting bolts 9 , and a mounting gasket 92 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting bolts 9 through the middle position of the upper iron backing plate 2 . The sleeve 91 is arranged below the insulating coupling pad 7, the inner thread of the bolt sleeve 91 corresponds to the thread of the mounting bolt 9, the outer diameter of the bolt sleeve 91 is larger than the inner diameter of the installation column 61, and the outer edge of the bolt sleeve 91 is close to Below the insulating coupling pad 7 .

Further, the upper side of the mounting post 61 and the lower side of the mounting pad 92 are provided with the same tooth structure.

Further, a spring washer 93 is provided between the top of the mounting bolt 9 and the mounting washer 92 .

Further, the outer side of the bolt sleeve 91 is provided with a mounting thread.

Preferably, corresponding positions on the upper iron pad 2 , the middle vibration damping pad 3 and the lower iron pad 6 are provided with pre-warning bolt holes 94 through the structure, and pre-tightening bolts 95 are arranged in the pre-warning bolt holes 94 .

Preferably, an installation frame is arranged around the installation groove.

Preferably, circular nails are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the middle vibration damping pad 3 and the under-board vibration damping pad 5, and the circular nails of the rail lower pad 1, the middle vibration damping pad 3 and the under-board vibration damping pad 5 are formed by the middle of the device. The density of the inner to outer nails of the axis changes from dense to sparse.

Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included. within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high-stability fastener vibration damping system is characterized in that: comprising a rail lower pad, an upper iron pad, a middle vibration damping pad, a vibration isolation plate, a lower vibration damping pad, a lower iron pad, an insulating coupling pad plate and fixing device; the said lower rail pad, upper iron pad, middle vibration damping pad, vibration isolation plate, lower vibration damping pad, lower iron pad and insulating coupling pad are arranged layer by layer from top to bottom; The under-rail pad is a rectangular rubber pad and a circular nail column design is arranged under the rail; the upper iron pad is a rectangular plate and the mounting holes of the hollow structure are arranged at the diagonal positions; The vibration damping pad is a rectangular plate with the same shape as the upper iron pad, and the reserved holes of the hollow structure corresponding to the mounting holes are arranged at the diagonal positions; the lower iron pad is a plate with the same shape as the upper iron pad, so The diagonal positions of the lower iron backing plate are arranged corresponding to the installation holes and the installation posts are arranged, the installation posts are cylindrical structures with hollowed-out holes in the middle, and the lower iron backing plates are provided with installation grooves of indented structures; The vibration isolation plate is a plate corresponding to the shape of the installation groove on the lower iron pad; the vibration isolation pad under the plate is a rubber pad with the same shape as the vibration isolation plate, and the vibration isolation pad under the plate is installed in the installation groove. The insulating coupling pad is a structure corresponding to the shape of the lower iron pad, and the upper and lower surfaces of the middle damping pad and the lower damping pad are designed with circular nails. 2. A high-stability fastener damping system according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the middle damping pad and the lower damping pad are provided with circular nails, and the rails are provided with circular nails. The lower pad realizes the non-uniform stiffness design by controlling the thickness of the nail column. From the inner side of the rail to the outer side of the rail, the thickness of the nail column of the lower rail pad becomes smaller and the rigidity gradually increases; the middle vibration damping pad and the lower vibration damping pad are controlled by The density of the nail columns realizes the non-uniform stiffness design, and the number of nail columns of the middle vibration damping pad and the lower vibration damping pad described from the inner side of the rail to the outer side of the rail changes from sparse to dense, and the stiffness gradually increases. 3. A high-stability fastener vibration reduction system according to claim 1, wherein a fixing device is provided at a diagonal position on the upper iron backing plate, and the fixing device comprises a fixing seat, a fixing The elastic strip and the gauge block, the fixed seat is arranged above the upper iron backing plate, the fixed elastic strip is fixed on the fixed seat, and the rail gauge block is fixed and pressed by the fixed elastic strip. Set on the inner side of the fixed elastic strip for rail fixing. 4 . A high-stability fastener vibration reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein mounting bolts are arranged inside the mounting column, the mounting bolts penetrate through the mounting column, and the mounting bolts are arranged below the mounting bolts. 5 . Bolt sleeve, the upper end of the mounting bolt is provided with a mounting gasket at the middle position of the upper iron backing plate, the bolt sleeve is arranged under the insulating coupling backing plate, and the inner thread of the bolt sleeve corresponds to the thread setting of the mounting bolt The outer diameter of the bolt sleeve is larger than the inner penetration diameter of the installation column, and the outer edge of the bolt sleeve is close to the bottom of the insulating coupling pad. 5 . The high-stability fastener vibration reduction system according to claim 3 , wherein the upper side of the mounting column and the lower side of the mounting pad are provided with the same tooth structure. 6 . 6 . The high-stability fastener vibration damping system according to claim 3 , wherein a spring washer is arranged between the top of the mounting bolt and the mounting pad. 7 . 7 . The vibration damping system of a high-stability fastener according to claim 1 , wherein a mounting thread is provided on the outer side of the bolt sleeve. 8 . 8 . The high-stability fastener vibration reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein the corresponding positions of the upper iron pad, the middle vibration damping pad and the lower iron pad are provided with pre-through structures. 9 . Tightening bolt holes, and pre-tightening bolts are arranged in the pre-tightening bolt holes. 9 . The high-stability fastener vibration reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein a mounting frame is arranged around the mounting groove. 10 .

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