CN115109305A - A carbon fiber composite rod microwave continuous processing and recycling integrated device and method - Google Patents

A carbon fiber composite rod microwave continuous processing and recycling integrated device and method Download PDF

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CN115109305A
CN115109305A CN202210951716.4A CN202210951716A CN115109305A CN 115109305 A CN115109305 A CN 115109305A CN 202210951716 A CN202210951716 A CN 202210951716A CN 115109305 A CN115109305 A CN 115109305A
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carbon fiber
fiber composite
track
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CN115109305B (en
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许磊
孙永芬
韩朝辉
李鑫培
任义尧
许张彪
郭利容
张博川
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D5/00Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G35/00Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave continuous treatment and recovery integrated device and method for a carbon fiber composite rod, and relates to the technical field of pyrolysis recovery of carbon fiber composite materials. A driving motor of the material conveying device drives a conveying track to convey the carbon fiber composite rod; the two sides of a pyrolysis device shell of the microwave pyrolysis device are provided with air sealing devices, and a first U-shaped groove track and a microwave generator are arranged in the shell; the stripper is rotatably arranged at the top of the stripping device box body of the glass fiber stripping device; a second U-shaped groove track and a microwave generator are arranged in an oxidation device shell of the microwave oxidation device, and an air inlet at the top of the shell is connected with an oxygen supply device. Under the effect of a driving motor, the carbon fiber composite rod is conveyed into the microwave pyrolysis device for pyrolysis through the conveying rail and the U-shaped groove rail, the carbon fiber composite rod is conveyed into the stripper for physical stripping, enters the microwave oxidation device for oxidation, and the obtained carbon fiber is conveyed into the automatic winding device for winding and collection, so that automatic continuous feeding and recovery of the carbon fiber composite rod are realized.

Description

一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置及其方法A carbon fiber composite rod microwave continuous processing and recycling integrated device and method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及碳纤维复合材料热解回收技术领域,具体涉及一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置及其方法。The invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis recycling of carbon fiber composite materials, in particular to an integrated device for continuous microwave treatment and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods and a method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

碳纤维增强树脂复合材料以其质量轻、强度高、耐高温、抗腐蚀能力强以及热力学性能优良等特点广泛应用于汽车、航空航天等各大领域。抽油杆是抽油井的细长杆件,上端与光杆连接,下端抽油泵起到传递动力的作用,碳纤维增强树脂复合材料用于制备抽油杆,制得的抽油杆具有高强度、重量轻、耐腐蚀、采油率高以及能耗低等一系列优点,从而引起了广大采油领域的专家以及学者的密切关注,进行了技术研发并已推广使用。Carbon fiber reinforced resin composites are widely used in automobiles, aerospace and other fields due to their light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, strong corrosion resistance and excellent thermodynamic properties. The sucker rod is the slender rod of the oil well, the upper end is connected with the polished rod, and the lower end sucker pump plays the role of transmitting power. The carbon fiber reinforced resin composite material is used to prepare the sucker rod. A series of advantages such as light weight, corrosion resistance, high oil recovery rate and low energy consumption have attracted the attention of experts and scholars in the field of oil production, and have carried out technical research and development and have been widely used.

碳纤维增强树脂复合的抽油杆在采油领域作用显著,尤其体现在深油增油、节能降耗、防腐延寿三个方面。因此需求不断地增加,随之而来的是产生了大量废弃的抽油杆。目前的常规处理方式是燃烧或者填埋,直接燃烧会产生大量的有毒有害气体,造成环境污染;大量填埋处理会导致资源的浪费,尤其是对于成本高昂的碳纤维增强树脂复合材料,是一种极大的资源浪费,所以目前对于碳纤维增强树脂复合材料抽油杆的回收处理是十分有必要的。碳纤维的回收一般分为两步,先在无氧环境下裂解分解,然后再氧化回收碳纤维。因为抽油杆为细长杆件,且其表面有一层玻璃纤维,在热解后需要剥离玻璃纤维,同时要考虑设备的自动进料等问题,因此亟需开发一种连续自动传送料的碳纤维增强树脂复合杆微波快速热解氧化回收一体化装置和方法。The carbon fiber reinforced resin composite sucker rod plays a significant role in the field of oil production, especially in three aspects: oil increase in deep oil, energy saving and consumption reduction, anti-corrosion and life extension. As a result, the demand continues to increase, and with it, a large number of discarded sucker rods are produced. The current conventional treatment method is burning or landfilling. Direct combustion will produce a large amount of toxic and harmful gases, causing environmental pollution; a large amount of landfill treatment will lead to waste of resources, especially for high-cost carbon fiber reinforced resin composite materials, which is a kind of It is a huge waste of resources, so it is very necessary to recycle the carbon fiber reinforced resin composite sucker rod. The recovery of carbon fiber is generally divided into two steps, which is first cracked and decomposed in an oxygen-free environment, and then oxidized to recover carbon fiber. Because the sucker rod is a slender rod with a layer of glass fiber on its surface, the glass fiber needs to be peeled off after pyrolysis, and problems such as automatic feeding of the equipment must be considered. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a carbon fiber for continuous automatic feeding of materials. Reinforced resin composite rod microwave rapid pyrolysis oxidation recovery integrated device and method.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置及其方法,解决现有碳纤维复合碳纤维复合杆热解回收不方便的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for continuous processing and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods and a method thereof, so as to solve the problem of inconvenient pyrolysis recovery of the existing carbon fiber composite rods.

为解决上述的技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:包括依次连接的物料传送装置、微波热解装置、玻纤剥离装置、微波氧化装置、物质回收装置,所述物料传送装置包括传送轨道、第一驱动电机,第一驱动电机驱动传送轨道输送碳纤维复合杆;微波热解装置包括热解装置壳体,热解装置壳体两侧均设置有气封装置,热解装置壳体内设置有第一U型槽轨道、微波发生器,热解装置壳体顶部的排气口与气体收集装置连接,热解装置壳体底部设置有裂解油收集装置;玻纤剥离装置包括剥离装置箱体,剥离装置箱体顶部转动设置有剥离器,剥离器通过传动装置与第二驱动电机连接;微波氧化装置包括氧化装置壳体,氧化装置壳体内设置有第二U型槽轨道、微波发生器,氧化装置壳体顶部的进气口与氧气提供装置连接,物质回收装置内设置有自动收卷装置;传送轨道出料口与热解装置壳体一侧的气封装置进料口连接,气封装置出料口依次与第一U型槽轨道、另一侧的气封装置、剥离器、第二U型槽轨道、自动收卷装置连接。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an integrated device for continuous processing and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods, which is characterized in that it includes a material conveying device, a microwave pyrolysis device, a glass fiber stripping device, a microwave An oxidation device and a material recovery device, the material conveying device includes a conveying track and a first driving motor, and the first driving motor drives the conveying track to transport the carbon fiber composite rod; the microwave pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis device shell, and the pyrolysis device shell has two parts. Gas sealing devices are installed on both sides, a first U-shaped groove track and a microwave generator are arranged in the shell of the pyrolysis device, the exhaust port on the top of the shell of the pyrolysis device is connected with the gas collection device, and the bottom of the shell of the pyrolysis device is provided with a gas collecting device. The pyrolysis oil collection device; the glass fiber stripping device includes a stripping device box, the top of the stripping device box is rotated and provided with a stripper, and the stripper is connected with the second driving motor through a transmission device; the microwave oxidation device includes an oxidation device shell, and the oxidation device shell The body is provided with a second U-shaped groove track and a microwave generator, the air inlet on the top of the oxidation device shell is connected to the oxygen supply device, the material recovery device is provided with an automatic winding device; the outlet of the transmission track is connected to the shell of the pyrolysis device The air sealing device feed port on one side of the body is connected, and the air sealing device outlet is sequentially connected with the first U-shaped groove track, the air sealing device on the other side, the stripper, the second U-shaped groove track, and the automatic winding device. .

更进一步的技术方案是所述剥离器内侧为锥形状管道,锥形状管道上设置有刀片,刀片旁设置有废料出口,剥离器外侧壁上设置有传动齿轮,传动齿轮由第二驱动电机驱动,锥形状管道两端转动设置在剥离装置箱体顶部,剥离装置箱体上设置有锥形状管道让位孔,传送轨道与锥形状管道连接。A further technical solution is that the inner side of the stripper is a cone-shaped pipe, a blade is arranged on the cone-shaped pipe, a waste outlet is arranged beside the blade, and a transmission gear is arranged on the outer side wall of the stripper, and the transmission gear is driven by the second drive motor. Both ends of the cone-shaped pipe are rotatably arranged on the top of the stripping device box, the stripping device box is provided with a cone-shaped pipe giving way, and the conveying track is connected with the cone-shaped pipe.

更进一步的技术方案是所述第一U型槽轨道包括轨道底板,轨道底板上平行设置有若干U型槽,U型槽底部设置有裂解油出口,U型槽侧壁设置有轨道滚珠。A further technical solution is that the first U-shaped groove track includes a track bottom plate, a plurality of U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the track bottom plate, the bottom of the U-shaped groove is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet, and the side wall of the U-shaped groove is provided with orbital balls.

更进一步的技术方案是所述气封装置上设置有物料通道,物料通道依次套设有旋转动环、静环、弹簧,气封装置顶部的气体进口与氮气提供装置连接。A further technical solution is that the gas sealing device is provided with a material channel, the material channel is sequentially sleeved with a rotating moving ring, a static ring, and a spring, and the gas inlet at the top of the gas sealing device is connected to the nitrogen supply device.

更进一步的技术方案是所述气体收集装置包括冷凝器,冷凝器底部液体出口与液体容器连接,冷凝器顶部气体出口与气体容器连接。A further technical solution is that the gas collecting device includes a condenser, the liquid outlet at the bottom of the condenser is connected with the liquid container, and the gas outlet at the top of the condenser is connected with the gas container.

更进一步的技术方案是所述传送轨道为滚珠传送轨道,包括若干主动滚珠和从动滚珠,主动滚珠由第一驱动电机驱动。A further technical solution is that the transmission track is a ball transmission track, including a plurality of driving balls and driven balls, and the driving balls are driven by the first driving motor.

更进一步的技术方案是所述第二U型槽轨道包括轨道底板,轨道底板上平行设置有若干U型槽,U型槽侧壁设置有轨道滚珠。A further technical solution is that the second U-shaped groove track includes a track bottom plate, a plurality of U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the track bottom plate, and the side walls of the U-shaped groove are provided with track balls.

更进一步的技术方案是所述装置的热解方法包括如下步骤:A further technical scheme is that the pyrolysis method of the device comprises the following steps:

S1.将碳纤维复合杆置于传送轨道上,启动第一驱动电机,传送轨道使碳纤维复合杆通过气封装置进入热解装置壳体的第一U型槽轨道上;S1. Place the carbon fiber composite rod on the transfer track, start the first drive motor, and the transfer track enables the carbon fiber composite rod to enter the first U-shaped groove track of the pyrolysis device shell through the gas sealing device;

S2.待碳纤维复合杆全部进入热解装置壳体内后,启动两侧的气封装置,氮气进入气封装置使热解装置壳体两侧与外部气体隔绝后,启动热解装置壳体内的微波发生器,馈入微波快速加热碳纤维复合杆,使碳纤维复合杆在600-800℃下裂解,裂解得到的气体从热解装置壳体顶部的排气口进入气体收集装置,裂解得到的液体从第一U型槽轨道上的裂解油出口流入热解装置壳体底部,再通过底部出料口进入裂解油收集装置;S2. After all the carbon fiber composite rods enter the shell of the pyrolysis device, start the gas sealing devices on both sides, and after nitrogen enters the gas sealing device to isolate the two sides of the shell of the pyrolysis device from the external gas, start the microwave in the shell of the pyrolysis device The generator feeds microwaves to rapidly heat the carbon fiber composite rod, so that the carbon fiber composite rod is cracked at 600-800 ° C. The gas obtained from the cracking enters the gas collection device from the exhaust port on the top of the shell of the pyrolysis device, and the liquid obtained from the cracking The pyrolysis oil outlet on the U-shaped groove track flows into the bottom of the pyrolysis device shell, and then enters the pyrolysis oil collection device through the bottom outlet;

S3.被裂解后的碳纤维复合杆在第一U型槽轨道的传送下,经过另一侧的气封装置后,进入剥离装置箱体的剥离器内,剥离器将碳纤维复合杆表层的玻璃纤维剥除,表层玻璃纤维被剥除后掉落收集在剥离装置箱体底部;S3. Under the transmission of the first U-shaped groove track, the cracked carbon fiber composite rod enters the stripper of the peeling device box after passing through the air sealing device on the other side, and the stripper removes the glass fiber on the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod After peeling off, the surface glass fiber is peeled off and collected at the bottom of the peeling device box;

S4.碳纤维复合杆在传送轨道作用下,从剥离器出来后氧化装置壳体的第二U型槽轨道上;S4. The carbon fiber composite rod is on the second U-shaped groove track of the oxidation device shell after it comes out of the stripper under the action of the transmission track;

S5.待碳纤维复合杆全部进入氧化装置壳体内后,往氧化装置壳体内通入氧气含量在20%-30%的混合气体,开启微波发生器,在550-600℃下加热碳纤维复合杆,并保温10-15min,氧化除去碳纤维复合杆表面的残留碳;S5. After all the carbon fiber composite rods have entered the oxidation device shell, a mixed gas with an oxygen content of 20%-30% is introduced into the oxidation device shell, the microwave generator is turned on, and the carbon fiber composite rods are heated at 550-600 ° C, and Incubate for 10-15min, oxidize and remove the residual carbon on the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod;

S6.氧化完成后得到碳纤维复合杆裂解氧化后的碳纤维丝束,在第二U型槽轨道传送下,碳纤维被自动收卷装置收集。S6. After the oxidation is completed, the carbon fiber tow after the cracking and oxidation of the carbon fiber composite rod is obtained, and the carbon fiber is collected by the automatic winding device under the second U-shaped groove track transmission.

更进一步的技术方案是所述步骤S3中裂解得到的气体在气体收集装置中的冷凝器被冷却,部分被冷凝后得到的油类物质进入液体容器内,不可冷凝的气体进入气体容器内。A further technical solution is that the gas obtained by cracking in the step S3 is cooled in the condenser in the gas collection device, the oily substance obtained after part of the condensation enters the liquid container, and the non-condensable gas enters the gas container.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1.通过传送轨道、第一U型槽轨道和第二U型槽轨道,在驱动电机作用下,完成将碳纤维复合杆从传送轨道送入微波热解装置中热解,再送入微波氧化装置内微波氧化,得到的碳纤维被送入自动收卷装置中进行收卷收集,实现碳纤维复合杆的自动连续送料和回收,实现了高效热解氧化和回收一体化,大大提高了设备的自动化和智能化。1. Through the transmission track, the first U-shaped groove track and the second U-shaped groove track, under the action of the driving motor, the carbon fiber composite rod is sent from the transmission track to the microwave pyrolysis device for pyrolysis, and then sent to the microwave oxidation device. Microwave oxidation, the obtained carbon fiber is sent to the automatic winding device for winding and collection, realizing automatic continuous feeding and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods, realizing the integration of high-efficiency pyrolysis oxidation and recycling, and greatly improving the automation and intelligence of the equipment .

2.通过玻纤剥离器将碳纤维复合杆表面玻璃纤维剥除,将玻璃纤维与碳纤维分离后分别回收,便于碳纤维氧化处理;通过微波加热热解和氧化,使碳纤维复合杆均匀受热,快速升温,大大提高了热解氧化效率;通过气体收集装置和裂解油收集装置分类收集裂解后的气体和油类物质,有效进行回收。2. The glass fiber on the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod is stripped by a glass fiber stripper, and the glass fiber and carbon fiber are separated and recycled separately, which is convenient for carbon fiber oxidation treatment; through microwave heating, pyrolysis and oxidation, the carbon fiber composite rod is heated evenly, and the temperature rises rapidly. The pyrolysis oxidation efficiency is greatly improved; the pyrolyzed gas and oil are collected by the gas collection device and the cracked oil collection device, and recovered effectively.

3.通过气封装置实现将微波热解装置与外界气体隔绝的目的,避免影响热解过程;U型槽轨道设置成U型槽加轨道滚珠传送,在热解段U型槽底部设置裂解油出口,滚珠传送更为平稳,且可选择耐高温的钢珠,更加适宜微波加热环境。3. The purpose of isolating the microwave pyrolysis device from the outside gas is realized by the gas sealing device, so as to avoid affecting the pyrolysis process; the U-shaped groove track is set as a U-shaped groove plus orbital ball transmission, and pyrolysis oil is set at the bottom of the U-shaped groove in the pyrolysis section. At the exit, the ball transfer is more stable, and high temperature resistant steel balls can be selected, which is more suitable for microwave heating environment.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的正面结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front structure of the present invention.

图2为本发明的三维结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

图3为本发明中传送轨道的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying track in the present invention.

图4为本发明中玻纤剥离装置的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the glass fiber stripping device in the present invention.

图5为本发明中微波热解装置的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave pyrolysis device in the present invention.

图6为本发明中气封装置的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas sealing device in the present invention.

图7为本发明中气封装置的内部结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas sealing device in the present invention.

图8为本发明中第一U型槽轨道的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first U-shaped groove track in the present invention.

图9为本发明中微波氧化装置的结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave oxidation device in the present invention.

图10为本发明中物质回收装置的结构示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the material recovery device in the present invention.

图中:1-传送轨道,2-第一驱动电机,3-剥离装置箱体,4-剥离器,401-刀片,402-锥形状管道,5-第二驱动电机,6-热解装置壳体,7-气封装置,701-物料通道,702-旋转动环,703-静环,704-弹簧,8-第一U型槽轨道,801-轨道底板,802-U型槽,803-裂解油出口,804-轨道滚珠,9-微波发生器,10-氧化装置壳体,11-自动收卷装置,12-第二U型槽轨道,13-冷凝器,14-气体容器,15-碳纤维复合杆,16-氮气提供装置,17-氧气提供装置。In the figure: 1-conveyor track, 2-first drive motor, 3-peeling device box, 4-stripper, 401-blade, 402-conical pipe, 5-second drive motor, 6-pyrolysis device shell Body, 7-air sealing device, 701-material channel, 702-rotating ring, 703-static ring, 704-spring, 8-first U-slot track, 801-track bottom plate, 802-U-slot, 803- Pyrolysis oil outlet, 804-track ball, 9-microwave generator, 10-oxidation device shell, 11-automatic winding device, 12-second U-shaped groove track, 13-condenser, 14-gas container, 15- Carbon fiber composite rod, 16-nitrogen supply device, 17-oxygen supply device.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

图1、2示出了:一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,包括依次连接的物料传送装置、微波热解装置、玻纤剥离装置、微波氧化装置、物质回收装置。Figures 1 and 2 show: an integrated device for continuous microwave treatment and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods, including a material conveying device, a microwave pyrolysis device, a glass fiber stripping device, a microwave oxidation device, and a material recovery device that are connected in sequence.

所述物料传送装置包括传送轨道1、第一驱动电机2,如图3所示,传送轨道1为滚珠传送轨道,通过在U型槽的轨道两侧设置轨道滚珠,包括16个主动滚珠和176个从动滚珠,主动滚珠由第一驱动电机2驱动,滚珠可选用橡胶材质,摩擦力更大,其转速为0.5-5r/min。轨道数量可按需求设置,附图中设置有4根,第一驱动电机2驱动传送轨道1同时输送4根碳纤维复合杆15到玻纤剥离装置内。The material conveying device includes a conveying track 1 and a first driving motor 2. As shown in Figure 3, the conveying track 1 is a ball conveying track. By setting track balls on both sides of the track of the U-shaped groove, it includes 16 active balls and 176 balls. A driven ball, the active ball is driven by the first drive motor 2, the ball can be made of rubber material, the friction force is larger, and its speed is 0.5-5r/min. The number of rails can be set according to requirements, and there are 4 in the drawing. The first drive motor 2 drives the conveying rail 1 to transport 4 carbon fiber composite rods 15 into the glass fiber stripping device at the same time.

微波热解装置包括热解装置壳体6,如图5所示,热解装置壳体6两侧均设置有气封装置7,热解装置壳体6内设置有加热炉体,第一U型槽轨道8贯穿设置在加热炉体内,微波发生器9设置在加热炉体外侧,对称设置有8个。加热炉体与热解装置壳体6间填充有保温材料,热解装置壳体6顶部的排气口与气体收集装置连接,热解装置壳体6底部设置有裂解油收集装置。所述气封装置7的结构如图6、7所示,气封装置7上设置有物料通道701,物料通道701依次套设有旋转动环702、静环703、弹簧704,气封装置7顶部的气体进口与氮气提供装置16连接。密封气体氮气经自力式压力调节阀进入气封装置7内,在气封装置7与热解装置壳体6之间形成气膜以隔绝外部环境。The microwave pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis device casing 6. As shown in FIG. 5, gas sealing devices 7 are arranged on both sides of the pyrolysis device casing 6, and a heating furnace body is arranged in the pyrolysis device casing 6. The first U The grooved track 8 is arranged through the heating furnace body, and the microwave generators 9 are arranged on the outside of the heating furnace body, and there are 8 symmetrically arranged. The heating furnace body and the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device are filled with thermal insulation material, the exhaust port at the top of the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device is connected to the gas collection device, and the bottom of the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device is provided with a pyrolysis oil collection device. The structure of the air sealing device 7 is shown in Figures 6 and 7. The air sealing device 7 is provided with a material channel 701, and the material channel 701 is sequentially sleeved with a rotating moving ring 702, a static ring 703, a spring 704, and the air sealing device 7 The gas inlet at the top is connected to the nitrogen supply device 16 . The sealing gas nitrogen gas enters the gas sealing device 7 through the self-operated pressure regulating valve, and a gas film is formed between the gas sealing device 7 and the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device to isolate the external environment.

如图8所示,所述第一U型槽轨道8包括轨道底板801,轨道底板801上平行设置有若干U型槽802,U型槽802底部设置有裂解油出口803,U型槽802侧壁设置有轨道滚珠804,轨道滚珠804,轨道滚珠804采用耐高温的钢材制备。As shown in FIG. 8 , the first U-shaped groove track 8 includes a track bottom plate 801 . A plurality of U-shaped grooves 802 are arranged in parallel on the track bottom plate 801 . The wall is provided with orbital balls 804, the orbital balls 804, and the orbital balls 804 are made of high-temperature-resistant steel.

玻纤剥离装置包括剥离装置箱体3,如图4所示,剥离装置箱体3为中空箱体,剥离器4内侧为锥形状管道402,锥形状管道402上设置有刀片401,材质为立方氮化硼刀具材料,旋转切削速度为0.5-5r/min。刀片401旁设置有废料出口,剥离器4外侧壁上设置有传动齿轮,传动齿轮由第二驱动电机5驱动,锥形状管道402两端转动设置在剥离装置箱体3顶部,剥离装置箱体3上设置有锥形状管道402让位孔,第一U型槽轨道8依次与气封装置7的物料通道701、剥离器4的锥形状管道402一端连接。碳纤维复合杆15在第一U型槽轨道8作用下从气封装置7内出来后进入锥形管道402内,在第二驱动电机5作用下,刀片401旋转同时剥除碳纤维复合杆15表面的玻璃纤维层,碳纤维复合杆15同步被往前传送,被剥离后的玻璃纤维从废料出口掉落在剥离装置箱体3底部,定期清理。The glass fiber stripping device includes a stripping device box 3, as shown in Figure 4, the stripping device box 3 is a hollow box, the inner side of the stripper 4 is a cone-shaped pipe 402, and the cone-shaped pipe 402 is provided with a blade 401, the material is cubic Boron nitride tool material, the rotary cutting speed is 0.5-5r/min. There is a waste outlet next to the blade 401, a transmission gear is arranged on the outer side wall of the stripper 4, and the transmission gear is driven by the second drive motor 5. The two ends of the tapered pipe 402 are rotated and arranged on the top of the stripping device box 3, and the stripping device box 3 A conical pipe 402 is provided on the hole, and the first U-shaped groove track 8 is sequentially connected to the material channel 701 of the gas sealing device 7 and one end of the conical pipe 402 of the stripper 4 . The carbon fiber composite rod 15 comes out of the air seal device 7 under the action of the first U-shaped groove track 8 and then enters the conical pipe 402. Under the action of the second drive motor 5, the blade 401 rotates and simultaneously strips off the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod 15. The glass fiber layer and the carbon fiber composite rod 15 are transported forward synchronously, and the peeled glass fiber falls from the waste outlet to the bottom of the peeling device box 3, and is cleaned regularly.

微波氧化装置与微波热解装置结构较为类似,微波氧化装置包括氧化装置壳体10,如图9所示,氧化装置壳体10内内设置有加热炉体,第二U型槽轨道12贯穿设置在加热炉体内,微波发生器9设置在加热炉体外侧,对称设置有2个。加热炉体与氧化装置壳体10间填充有保温材料,氧化装置壳体10顶部的进气口与氧气提供装置17连接。如图10所示,物质回收装置内设置有自动收卷装置11。锥形状管道402另一端依次与第二U型槽轨道12、自动收卷装置11连接。The microwave oxidation device is similar in structure to the microwave pyrolysis device. The microwave oxidation device includes an oxidation device housing 10. As shown in FIG. 9, a heating furnace body is arranged in the oxidation device housing 10, and a second U-shaped groove track 12 is arranged through it. In the heating furnace body, two microwave generators 9 are arranged symmetrically outside the heating furnace body. The heating furnace body and the oxidation device shell 10 are filled with thermal insulation material, and the air inlet at the top of the oxidation device shell 10 is connected to the oxygen supply device 17 . As shown in FIG. 10 , an automatic winding device 11 is installed in the material recovery device. The other end of the tapered pipe 402 is connected to the second U-shaped groove track 12 and the automatic winding device 11 in sequence.

为方便热解气体的分离,所述气体收集装置包括冷凝器13,冷凝器13底部液体出口与液体容器连接,冷凝器13顶部气体出口与气体容器14连接。In order to facilitate the separation of pyrolysis gas, the gas collection device includes a condenser 13 , the liquid outlet at the bottom of the condenser 13 is connected with the liquid container, and the gas outlet at the top of the condenser 13 is connected with the gas container 14 .

上述装置的微波连续处理回收方法包括如下步骤:The microwave continuous treatment recovery method of the above device comprises the following steps:

S1.将碳纤维复合杆15置于传送轨道1上,启动第一驱动电机2,传送轨道1使碳纤维复合杆15通过气封装置7进入热解装置壳体6的第一U型槽轨道8上;S1. Place the carbon fiber composite rod 15 on the transfer track 1, start the first drive motor 2, and the transfer track 1 makes the carbon fiber composite rod 15 enter the first U-shaped groove track 8 of the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device through the gas seal device 7. ;

S2.待碳纤维复合杆15全部进入热解装置壳体6内后,启动两侧的气封装置7,氮气进入气封装置7使热解装置壳体6两侧与外部气体隔绝后,启动热解装置壳体6内的微波发生器9,馈入微波快速加热碳纤维复合杆15,使碳纤维复合杆15在600-800℃下裂解,裂解得到的气体从热解装置壳体6顶部的排气口进入气体收集装置,裂解得到的液体从第一U型槽轨道8上的裂解油出口803流入热解装置壳体6底部,再通过底部出料口进入裂解油收集装置;裂解得到的气体在气体收集装置中的冷凝器13被冷却,部分被冷凝后得到的油类物质进入液体容器内,不可冷凝的气体进入气体容器14内。S2. After all the carbon fiber composite rods 15 enter the pyrolysis device shell 6, start the gas sealing devices 7 on both sides, and nitrogen gas enters the gas sealing device 7 to isolate both sides of the pyrolysis device shell 6 from the outside air, and start the heat The microwave generator 9 in the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device is fed into the microwave to rapidly heat the carbon fiber composite rod 15, so that the carbon fiber composite rod 15 is cracked at 600-800 ° C, and the gas obtained from the cracking is exhausted from the top of the shell 6 of the pyrolysis device. The port enters the gas collection device, and the liquid obtained by cracking flows into the bottom of the pyrolysis device shell 6 from the cracked oil outlet 803 on the first U-shaped groove track 8, and then enters the cracked oil collection device through the bottom discharge port; The condenser 13 in the gas collection device is cooled, the oily substance obtained after part of the condensation enters the liquid container, and the non-condensable gas enters the gas container 14 .

S3.被裂解后的碳纤维复合杆15在第一U型槽轨道8的传送下,经过另一侧的气封装置7后,进入剥离装置箱体3的剥离器4内,剥离器4将碳纤维复合杆15表层的玻璃纤维剥除,表层玻璃纤维被剥除后掉落收集在剥离装置箱体3底部;S3. Under the transmission of the first U-shaped groove track 8, the cracked carbon fiber composite rod 15 passes through the air sealing device 7 on the other side, and then enters the stripper 4 of the box body 3 of the stripping device, and the stripper 4 removes the carbon fiber The glass fiber on the surface of the composite rod 15 is peeled off, and the glass fiber on the surface layer is peeled off and collected at the bottom of the peeling device box 3;

S4.碳纤维复合杆15在传送轨道1用下,从剥离器4出来后进入氧化装置壳体10的第二U型槽轨道12上;S4. The carbon fiber composite rod 15 enters the second U-shaped groove track 12 of the oxidation device housing 10 after coming out of the stripper 4 under the conveying track 1;

S5.待碳纤维复合杆15全部进入氧化装置壳体10内后,往氧化装置壳体10内通入氧气含量在10%-30%的混合气体,开启微波发生器9,在550-600℃下加热碳纤维复合杆15,并保温10-15min,氧化除去碳纤维复合杆15表面的残留碳;S5. After all the carbon fiber composite rods 15 have entered the oxidation device housing 10, a mixed gas with an oxygen content of 10%-30% is introduced into the oxidation device housing 10, the microwave generator 9 is turned on, and the temperature is 550-600°C The carbon fiber composite rod 15 is heated and kept for 10-15 minutes, and the residual carbon on the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod 15 is removed by oxidation;

S6.氧化完成后得到碳纤维复合杆裂解氧化后的碳纤维丝束,在第二U型槽轨道12传送下,碳纤维被自动收卷装置11收集。S6. After the oxidation is completed, the carbon fiber tow after the cracking and oxidation of the carbon fiber composite rod is obtained, and the carbon fiber is collected by the automatic winding device 11 under the conveyance of the second U-shaped groove track 12 .

尽管这里参照本发明的多个解释性实施例对本发明进行了描述,但是,应该理解,本领域技术人员可以设计出很多其他的修改和实施方式,这些修改和实施方式将落在本申请公开的原则范围和精神之内。更具体地说,在本申请公开、附图和权利要求的范围内,可以对主题组合布局的组成部件或布局进行多种变形和改进。除了对组成部件或布局进行的变形和改进外,对于本领域技术人员来说,其他的用途也将是明显的。Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the scope of this disclosure. within the scope and spirit of the principles. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the present disclosure, drawings and claims. In addition to variations and modifications to the component parts or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1.一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:包括依次连接的物料传送装置、微波热解装置、玻纤剥离装置、微波氧化装置、物质回收装置,所述物料传送装置包括传送轨道(1)、第一驱动电机(2),第一驱动电机(2)驱动传送轨道(1)输送碳纤维复合杆;微波热解装置包括热解装置壳体(6),热解装置壳体(6)两侧均设置有气封装置(7),热解装置壳体(6)内设置有第一U型槽轨道(8)、微波发生器(9),热解装置壳体(6)顶部的排气口与气体收集装置连接,热解装置壳体(6)底部设置有裂解油收集装置;玻纤剥离装置包括剥离装置箱体(3),剥离装置箱体(3)顶部转动设置有剥离器(4),剥离器(4)通过传动装置与第二驱动电机(5)连接;微波氧化装置包括氧化装置壳体(10),氧化装置壳体(10)内设置有第二U型槽轨道(12)、微波发生器(9),氧化装置壳体(10)顶部的进气口与氧气提供装置连接,物质回收装置内设置有自动收卷装置(11);传送轨道(1)出料口与热解装置壳体(6)一侧的气封装置(7)进料口连接,气封装置(7)出料口依次与第一U型槽轨道(8)、另一侧的气封装置(7)、剥离器(4)、第二U型槽轨道(12)、自动收卷装置(11)连接。1. A carbon fiber composite rod microwave continuous processing and recycling integrated device is characterized in that: comprising successively connected material conveying device, microwave pyrolysis device, glass fiber stripping device, microwave oxidation device, material recovery device, described material conveying device It comprises a conveying track (1), a first driving motor (2), and the first driving motor (2) drives the conveying track (1) to convey the carbon fiber composite rod; the microwave pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis device casing (6), and the pyrolysis device Gas sealing devices (7) are arranged on both sides of the casing (6), and a first U-shaped groove track (8) and a microwave generator (9) are arranged in the casing (6) of the pyrolysis device. (6) The exhaust port at the top is connected to the gas collection device, and the pyrolysis device shell (6) is provided with a pyrolysis oil collection device at the bottom; The top is rotated and provided with a stripper (4), and the stripper (4) is connected with the second drive motor (5) through a transmission device; the microwave oxidation device comprises an oxidation device housing (10), and the oxidation device housing (10) is provided with a The second U-shaped groove track (12), the microwave generator (9), the air inlet at the top of the oxidation device housing (10) is connected to the oxygen supply device, and the material recovery device is provided with an automatic winding device (11); The outlet of the track (1) is connected to the inlet of the gas sealing device (7) on the side of the shell (6) of the pyrolysis device, and the outlet of the gas sealing device (7) is sequentially connected with the first U-shaped groove track (8). , The air sealing device (7), the stripper (4), the second U-shaped groove track (12), and the automatic winding device (11) on the other side are connected. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述剥离器(4)内侧为锥形状管道(402),锥形状管道(402)上设置有刀片(401),刀片(401)旁设置有废料出口,剥离器(4)外侧壁上设置有传动齿轮,传动齿轮由第二驱动电机(5)驱动,锥形状管道(402)两端转动设置在剥离装置箱体(3)顶部,剥离装置箱体(3)上设置有锥形状管道(402)让位孔,传送轨道(1)与锥形状管道(402)连接。2. The integrated device for continuous microwave treatment and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner side of the stripper (4) is a cone-shaped pipe (402), and the cone-shaped pipe (402) is provided with There is a blade (401), a waste outlet is arranged beside the blade (401), a transmission gear is arranged on the outer side wall of the stripper (4), the transmission gear is driven by the second drive motor (5), and both ends of the tapered pipe (402) rotate It is arranged on the top of the peeling device box (3), the peeling device box (3) is provided with a conical pipe (402) to give way, and the conveying track (1) is connected with the conical pipe (402). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述第一U型槽轨道(8)包括轨道底板(801),轨道底板(801)上平行设置有若干U型槽(802),U型槽(802)底部设置有裂解油出口(803),U型槽(802)侧壁设置有轨道滚珠(804)。3 . The integrated device for continuous microwave processing and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods according to claim 1 , wherein the first U-shaped groove track ( 8 ) comprises a track bottom plate ( 801 ), and the track bottom plate ( 801 ) is on the track bottom plate ( 801 ). A plurality of U-shaped grooves (802) are arranged in parallel, the bottom of the U-shaped groove (802) is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet (803), and the side wall of the U-shaped groove (802) is provided with orbital balls (804). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述气封装置(7)上设置有物料通道(701),物料通道(701)依次套设有旋转动环(702)、静环(703)、弹簧(704),气封装置(7)顶部的气体进口与氮气提供装置连接。4. The carbon fiber composite rod microwave continuous processing and recycling integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas sealing device (7) is provided with a material channel (701), and the material channel (701) is sequentially sleeved A rotating moving ring (702), a static ring (703) and a spring (704) are provided, and the gas inlet at the top of the gas sealing device (7) is connected with the nitrogen gas supplying device. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述气体收集装置包括冷凝器(13),冷凝器(13)底部液体出口与液体容器连接,冷凝器(13)顶部气体出口与气体容器(14)连接。5. The integrated device for continuous microwave processing and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods according to claim 1, wherein the gas collection device comprises a condenser (13), and the liquid outlet at the bottom of the condenser (13) is connected to a liquid container , the gas outlet at the top of the condenser (13) is connected to the gas container (14). 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述传送轨道(1)为滚珠传送轨道,包括若干主动滚珠和从动滚珠,主动滚珠由第一驱动电机(2)驱动。6. The integrated device for continuous microwave processing and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission track (1) is a ball transmission track, comprising a number of active balls and driven balls, and the active balls are formed by The first drive motor (2) is driven. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述第二U型槽轨道(12)包括轨道底板(801),轨道底板(801)上平行设置有若干U型槽(802),U型槽(802)侧壁设置有轨道滚珠(804)。7 . The integrated device for continuous microwave processing and recycling of carbon fiber composite rods according to claim 1 , wherein the second U-shaped groove track ( 12 ) comprises a track bottom plate ( 801 ), and the track bottom plate ( 801 ) is on the track bottom plate ( 801 ). 8 . A plurality of U-shaped grooves (802) are arranged in parallel, and orbital balls (804) are arranged on the side walls of the U-shaped grooves (802). 8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述装置的微波连续处理回收一体化方法包括如下步骤:8. The integrated device for continuous microwave treatment and recovery of carbon fiber composite rods according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the integrated method for continuous microwave treatment and recovery of the device comprises the following steps: S1.将碳纤维复合杆(15)置于传送轨道(1)上,启动第一驱动电机(2),传送轨道(1)使碳纤维复合杆(15)通过气封装置(7)进入热解装置壳体(6)的第一U型槽轨道(8)上;S1. Place the carbon fiber composite rod (15) on the transfer track (1), start the first drive motor (2), and the transfer track (1) makes the carbon fiber composite rod (15) enter the pyrolysis device through the gas seal device (7). on the first U-shaped groove track (8) of the housing (6); S2.待碳纤维复合杆(15)全部进入热解装置壳体(6)内后,启动两侧的气封装置(7),氮气进入气封装置(7)使热解装置壳体(6)两侧与外部气体隔绝后,启动热解装置壳体(6)内的微波发生器(9),馈入微波快速加热碳纤维复合杆(15),使碳纤维复合杆(15)在600-800℃下裂解,裂解得到的气体从热解装置壳体(6)顶部的排气口进入气体收集装置,裂解得到的液体从第一U型槽轨道(8)上的裂解油出口(803)流入热解装置壳体(6)底部,再通过底部出料口进入裂解油收集装置;S2. After all the carbon fiber composite rods (15) have entered the pyrolysis device shell (6), start the gas sealing devices (7) on both sides, and nitrogen gas enters the gas sealing device (7) to make the pyrolysis device shell (6) After the two sides are isolated from the outside air, start the microwave generator (9) in the shell (6) of the pyrolysis device, feed the microwave to rapidly heat the carbon fiber composite rod (15), and make the carbon fiber composite rod (15) at 600-800°C Under cracking, the gas obtained by cracking enters the gas collection device from the exhaust port at the top of the pyrolysis device shell (6), and the liquid obtained by cracking flows into the heat from the cracked oil outlet (803) on the first U-shaped groove track (8). The bottom of the shell (6) of the cracking device, and then enter the cracking oil collection device through the bottom discharge port; S3.被裂解后的碳纤维复合杆(15)在第一U型槽轨道(8)的传送下,经过另一侧的气封装置(7)后,进入剥离装置箱体(3)的剥离器(4)内,剥离器(4)将碳纤维复合杆(15)表层的玻璃纤维剥除,表层玻璃纤维被剥除后掉落收集在剥离装置箱体(3)底部;S3. The cracked carbon fiber composite rod (15) is conveyed by the first U-shaped groove track (8), passes through the air sealing device (7) on the other side, and then enters the stripper of the peeling device box (3). In (4), the peeler (4) peels off the glass fiber on the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod (15), and the glass fiber on the surface layer is peeled off and collected at the bottom of the peeling device box (3); S4.碳纤维复合杆(15)在传送轨道(1)作用下,从剥离器(4)出来后进入氧化装置壳体(10)的第二U型槽轨道(12)上;S4. The carbon fiber composite rod (15) enters the second U-shaped groove track (12) of the oxidation device housing (10) after exiting the stripper (4) under the action of the conveying track (1); S5.待碳纤维复合杆(15)全部进入氧化装置壳体(10)内后,往氧化装置壳体(10)内通入氧气含量在10%-30%的混合气体,开启微波发生器(9),在550-600℃下加热碳纤维复合杆(15),并保温10-15min,氧化除去碳纤维复合杆(15)表面的残留碳;S5. After all the carbon fiber composite rods (15) have entered the oxidation device housing (10), a mixed gas with an oxygen content of 10%-30% is introduced into the oxidation device housing (10), and the microwave generator (9) is turned on. ), heating the carbon fiber composite rod (15) at 550-600° C., and maintaining the temperature for 10-15 minutes, and oxidizing and removing the residual carbon on the surface of the carbon fiber composite rod (15); S6.氧化完成后得到碳纤维复合杆裂解氧化后的碳纤维丝束,在第二U型槽轨道(12)传送下,碳纤维被自动收卷装置(11)收集。S6. After the oxidation is completed, the carbon fiber tow after the cracking and oxidation of the carbon fiber composite rod is obtained, and the carbon fiber is collected by the automatic winding device (11) under the transmission of the second U-shaped groove track (12). 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种碳纤维复合杆微波连续处理回收一体化装置,其特征在于:所述步骤S3中裂解得到的气体在气体收集装置中的冷凝器(13)被冷却,部分被冷凝后得到的油类物质进入液体容器内,不可冷凝的气体进入气体容器(14)内。9. A carbon fiber composite rod microwave continuous processing and recycling integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the gas obtained by cracking in the step S3 is cooled in the condenser (13) in the gas collection device, and part of The condensed oil substance enters the liquid container, and the non-condensable gas enters the gas container (14).
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