CN115106022A - High-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling reaction process by utilizing thermal deformation - Google Patents
High-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling reaction process by utilizing thermal deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115106022A CN115106022A CN202210700931.7A CN202210700931A CN115106022A CN 115106022 A CN115106022 A CN 115106022A CN 202210700931 A CN202210700931 A CN 202210700931A CN 115106022 A CN115106022 A CN 115106022A
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- gas
- distribution pipe
- thermal deformation
- gas distribution
- container
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- OBCUTHMOOONNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentafluoride Chemical compound FP(F)(F)(F)F OBCUTHMOOONNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000021760 high fever Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/10—Halides or oxyhalides of phosphorus
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling a reaction process by utilizing thermal deformation, which is characterized by comprising a container, a gas distribution pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, wherein the gas distribution pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the container and is connected with an external hydrogen fluoride source through a gas supply pipe penetrating through the side wall of the container; the side wall of the gas distribution pipe is longitudinally distributed with a plurality of gas outlets at intervals, and the branch pipes are longitudinally distributed and are connected to the gas distribution pipe in a side-by-side mode and communicated with the gas distribution pipe through the gas outlets; the gas distribution pipe is internally provided with thermal deformation elements with gas outlet holes in one-to-one correspondence, and the thermal deformation elements block the corresponding gas outlet holes at low temperature so as to cut off the communication relation between the branch pipes and the gas distribution pipe; thereby the corresponding venthole staggers that takes place deformation when thermal deformation component is heated for corresponding branch pipe with the gas distribution pipe intercommunication. The invention controls the opening and closing of the gas outlet of the hydrogen fluoride gas by utilizing the reaction heat, thereby improving the production safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of phosphorus pentafluoride production equipment, in particular to a high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling a reaction process by utilizing thermal deformation.
Background
The existing process for mainly preparing phosphorus pentafluoride adopts phosphorus pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride to prepare phosphorus pentafluoride by replacement reaction, high heat is released during the reaction process,
phosphorus pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride are covered and formed with high-heat and rapidly-expanded phosphorus pentafluoride gas near phosphorus pentachloride after reaction, so that hydrogen fluoride gas which does not participate in the reaction is difficult to contact phosphorus pentachloride solid to participate in the reaction, the reaction rate is reduced in fact, and the hydrogen fluoride gas is directly discharged; in order to overcome the defect, the utility model patent with the patent number of 201020219310.X and the name of the spiral stirring reaction furnace for preparing high-purity phosphorus pentafluoride adopts a stirring structure to stir phosphorus pentachloride so as to promote two reactants to be fully contacted. However, the stirring belt needs external input power and inevitably involves the problem of dynamic sealing, and HF gas and PF gas with high temperature and high pressure are in the reaction furnace 5 The mixture of gas belongs to substances with extremely strong toxicity and extremely high risk, and has great potential safety hazard. The stirring operation does increase the contact area between the gas-phase reactant and the solid-phase reactant, which is more likely to cause a great pressure fluctuation in the vessel, further increasing the risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling a reaction process by utilizing a thermal deformation effect, which is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator is characterized by comprising a container, a gas distribution pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, wherein the gas distribution pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the container and is connected with an external hydrogen fluoride source through a gas supply pipe penetrating through the side wall of the container; the side wall of the gas distribution pipe is longitudinally distributed with a plurality of gas outlets at intervals, and the branch pipes are longitudinally distributed and are connected to the gas distribution pipe in a side-by-side mode and communicated with the gas distribution pipe through the gas outlets; the gas distribution pipe is internally provided with thermal deformation elements with gas outlet holes in one-to-one correspondence, and the thermal deformation elements block the corresponding gas outlet holes at low temperature so as to cut off the communication relation between the branch pipes and the gas distribution pipe; the thermal deformation element deforms when being heated, so that the corresponding air outlet holes are staggered, and the corresponding branch pipes are communicated with the gas distribution pipe.
Utilize high safe phosphorus pentafluoride generator of thermal deformation control reaction process, its further design lies in, thermal deformation component fixed connection is on the inner wall of gas distribution pipe to have with the corresponding shutoff portion of venthole, when thermal deformation component takes place deformation because of temperature change, the shutoff portion shutoff the venthole perhaps breaks away from the venthole.
The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing the thermal deformation to control the reaction process is further designed in that the thermal deformation element is a bimetallic strip made of a deformation memory material or two metals with different thermal expansion coefficients.
Utilize high safe phosphorus pentafluoride generator of thermal deformation control reaction process, its further design lies in, the outer wall of gas distribution pipe is connected with a plurality of heat acquisition pieces that are used for to the thermal deformation component transfer reaction heat.
The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing the thermal deformation to control the reaction process is further designed in that the gas distribution pipe is connected with a heating coil pipe corresponding to the gas outlet hole at the highest position and the thermal deformation element.
The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing thermal deformation to control the reaction process is further designed in that a cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the container.
The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing thermal deformation to control the reaction process is further designed in that the branch pipe is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles.
The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing thermal deformation to control the reaction process is further designed in that an inert gas inlet is formed in the lower portion of the container, and a vent is formed in the upper portion of the container.
The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing thermal deformation to control the reaction process is further designed in that the container is connected with a temperature sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high heat generated in the reaction process and the low temperature state of hydrogen fluoride as a reactant entering the container are utilized, so that the thermal deformation material close to the reaction generating point and the thermal deformation material far away from the reaction generating point are in two environments of high temperature and low temperature, and the two states of opening or blocking the air outlet holes at different longitudinal positions on the gas distribution pipe are presented, the reaction process is gradually advanced from top to bottom, the reaction process is stable, the triggering signal for controlling the opening of the air outlet holes comes from the high heat generated by the displacement reaction in the container, no control signal is required to be input from the outside, and the strength defect and the sealing problem caused by the fact that the side wall of the container is additionally provided with a connecting pore channel for inputting a related control signal are avoided; through set up cooling jacket on container upper portion, reduce the inside high pressure because high fever produces of container on the one hand, reduce the risk, on the other hand makes the interior space of container demonstrate the temperature gradient that top-down heaies up gradually, is favorable to the upper portion to keep away from the thermal deformation component of reaction emergence point and closes corresponding venthole, thereby only the thermal deformation component that is close to the reaction emergence point is in high temperature state and opens corresponding venthole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the thermo-deformable element inside the gas distribution pipe.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat deformable member in the shape of "L".
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment in an application state.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples in conjunction with the description:
the high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling the reaction process by utilizing thermal deformation comprises a container 1, a gas distribution pipe 2 and a plurality of branch pipes 3, wherein the gas distribution pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the container and is connected with an external hydrogen fluoride source through a gas supply pipe 20 penetrating through the side wall of the container; a plurality of air outlet holes 21 are longitudinally distributed on the side wall of the gas distribution pipe at intervals, and the branch pipes are longitudinally distributed and are connected to the gas distribution pipe in a side-by-side mode and communicated with the gas distribution pipe through the air outlet holes; the gas distribution pipe is internally provided with thermal deformation elements 4 with the gas outlet holes in one-to-one correspondence, and the thermal deformation elements block the corresponding gas outlet holes at low temperature so as to cut off the communication relation between the branch pipes and the gas distribution pipe; thereby the corresponding venthole staggers that takes place deformation when thermal deformation component is heated for corresponding branch pipe with the gas distribution pipe intercommunication. The upper part of the container is provided with a feed inlet 11 for filling phosphorus pentachloride and a gas outlet 12 for discharging phosphorus pentafluoride gas; the lower part of the container is provided with an inert gas inlet 13 for filling nitrogen gas and the like into the container to discharge air and water gas in the container, the upper part of the container is provided with a vent 14 for discharging the nitrogen gas and tail gas, and the vent is provided with an explosion-proof sheet 6 and a pressure sensor 7. The gas distribution pipe is connected with a heating coil pipe 5 corresponding to the gas outlet hole at the highest position and the thermal deformation element.
When the device is used, firstly, nitrogen is introduced into a container and the container is emptied, and then solid-phase phosphorus pentachloride is filled into the container, wherein the phosphorus pentachloride is slightly higher than the branch pipe at the highest position; utilize heating coil to the heating of gas distribution pipe overhead thermal deformation component, make its intensification take place deformation to open the venthole of the highest department on the gas distribution pipe, and heating coil takes place to provide certain heat for initial reaction, and temperature, pressure in the container should replace the emergence of reaction and change the back by a wide margin, close heating coil. As shown in fig. 4, after the phosphorus pentachloride reaction at the upper part is completed, until the vertical second branch pipe is to be exposed to the gas, the temperature in the area a is rapidly raised due to high heat released by the reaction, the thermal deformation element corresponding to the second branch pipe is rapidly heated and deformed at the moment, so that the gas outlet hole for communicating the gas distribution pipe with the second branch pipe is opened, most of the hydrogen fluoride gas enters the container from the two branch pipes to participate in the reaction, a small amount of hydrogen fluoride gas is still discharged from the first branch pipe, the heat conducted to the thermal deformation element corresponding to the first branch pipe is gradually reduced as the distance between the first branch pipe and the reaction generation point is gradually increased, and the heat of the thermal deformation element is continuously taken away by the hydrogen fluoride flowing to the second branch pipe in the gas distribution pipe, so that the gas outlet hole corresponding to the first branch pipe is gradually closed; thus, the reaction progress is continuously pushed toward the bottom of the container, and the gas outlet holes are sequentially opened from top to bottom and then sequentially closed.
As shown in fig. 2, the thermal deformation element 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gas distribution pipe, and has a plugging portion 41 corresponding to the gas outlet, and when the thermal deformation element deforms due to temperature change, the plugging portion plugs the gas outlet or separates from the gas outlet. The thermal deformation element is a bimetallic strip made of a deformation memory material or two metals with different thermal expansion coefficients. In fact, because the venthole is in inside the container completely, consequently need not realize complete sealing function to the shutoff effect of venthole, as long as the below is close to the aperture of the venthole that the reaction takes place the point and is greater than the venthole aperture of top can.
Referring to fig. 3, the first thermal deformation element is arranged in an L-letter shape and comprises a straight line section 42 and a bent section 43, the blocking portion 41 is arranged on the bent section, the straight line portion deforms, the shape of the bent section is stable, the straight line section and the vent hole are staggered due to the structure, contact between the straight line section and low-temperature hydrogen fluoride gas flowing to the vent hole and heat conduction effects are reduced, and the vent hole which needs to be opened is ensured not to be closed accidentally.
In order to ensure that the thermal deformation element located in the gas distribution pipe can receive enough heat, a plurality of heat collecting plates 8 for transferring reaction heat to the thermal deformation element are connected to the outer wall of the gas distribution pipe. The heat collecting sheet of the embodiment can absorb heat from the high heat gas and transfer the heat to the heat deformation member with a relatively large contact area. And the heat collecting sheet is only limited near the gas distribution pipe, and cannot interfere with the filling of materials and the discharge of reaction products.
The outer wall of the upper part of the container is provided with a cooling jacket 9 which can naturally absorb the heat generated by the reaction on one hand, so that the temperature and the pressure in the container are in safe levels; on the other hand, the temperature gradient which is gradually increased from top to bottom is also facilitated to be established in the container, so that the temperature near the reaction generating point is higher, and the temperature far away from the reaction generating point is lower, thereby ensuring that the thermal deformation element has enough temperature difference to realize the switching between the two deformation states.
The branch pipes 3 are provided with a plurality of gas nozzles 31 for increasing the reaction area as much as possible at the same height level, and the reaction rate is increased as much as possible while ensuring the reaction safety.
The upper part of the container is connected with a temperature sensor 10 for monitoring the temperature in the container.
The high heat generated in the reaction process and the low temperature state of hydrogen fluoride as a reactant entering the container are utilized, so that the thermal deformation material close to the reaction generating point and the thermal deformation material far away from the reaction generating point are in two environments of high temperature and low temperature, and the two states of opening or blocking the air outlet holes at different longitudinal positions on the gas distribution pipe are presented, so that the reaction process is gradually promoted from top to bottom, the reaction process is stable, the trigger signal for controlling the opening of the air outlet holes comes from the high heat generated by the displacement reaction in the container, no control signal is required to be input from the outside, and the strength defect and the sealing problem caused by the fact that the side wall of the container is additionally provided with a connecting pore channel for inputting a related control signal are avoided; through set up cooling jacket on container upper portion, reduce the inside high pressure because high fever produces of container on the one hand, reduce the risk, on the other hand makes the container inner space demonstrate the temperature gradient that top-down heaies up gradually, is favorable to the upper portion to keep away from the thermal deformation component of reaction emergence point and closes corresponding venthole, thereby only the thermal deformation component that is close to the reaction emergence point is in high temperature state and opens corresponding venthole.
Claims (8)
1. The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator is characterized by comprising a container, a gas distribution pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, wherein the gas distribution pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the container and is connected with an external hydrogen fluoride source through a gas supply pipe penetrating through the side wall of the container; the side wall of the gas distribution pipe is longitudinally distributed with a plurality of gas outlets at intervals, and the branch pipes are longitudinally distributed and are connected to the gas distribution pipe in a side-by-side mode and communicated with the gas distribution pipe through the gas outlets; the gas distribution pipe is internally provided with thermal deformation elements with gas outlet holes in one-to-one correspondence, and the thermal deformation elements block the corresponding gas outlet holes at low temperature so as to cut off the communication relation between the branch pipes and the gas distribution pipe; the thermal deformation element deforms when being heated so as to stagger the corresponding air outlet holes, and the corresponding branch pipes are communicated with the gas distribution pipe; the gas distribution pipe is connected with a heating coil pipe corresponding to the gas outlet hole at the highest position and the thermal deformation element.
2. The generator of claim 1, wherein the thermal deformation element is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gas distribution pipe and has a plugging portion corresponding to the gas outlet, and when the thermal deformation element deforms due to temperature change, the plugging portion plugs the gas outlet or separates from the gas outlet.
3. The generator of claim 1, wherein the thermal deformation element is a bimetal made of a deformation memory material or two metals with different thermal expansion coefficients.
4. The generator of claim 1, wherein the gas distribution pipe has heat collecting plates attached to an outer wall thereof for transferring reaction heat to the thermal deformation member.
5. The generator of claim 1, wherein the cooling jacket is provided on the outer wall of the upper part of the container.
6. The generator of claim 1, wherein the manifold is provided with a plurality of nozzles.
7. The high-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator utilizing thermal deformation to control the reaction process according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the container is provided with an inert gas inlet, and the upper part of the container is provided with a vent.
8. The generator of claim 1, wherein the container is connected to a temperature sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210700931.7A CN115106022B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | High-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling reaction progress by utilizing thermal deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210700931.7A CN115106022B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | High-safety phosphorus pentafluoride generator for controlling reaction progress by utilizing thermal deformation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115106022A true CN115106022A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
| CN115106022B CN115106022B (en) | 2024-06-21 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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