CN115076698B - A short-process method for treating medical waste by in-situ pyrolysis and incineration coupled with electrocatalytic combustion - Google Patents
A short-process method for treating medical waste by in-situ pyrolysis and incineration coupled with electrocatalytic combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN115076698B CN115076698B CN202210626637.6A CN202210626637A CN115076698B CN 115076698 B CN115076698 B CN 115076698B CN 202210626637 A CN202210626637 A CN 202210626637A CN 115076698 B CN115076698 B CN 115076698B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种原位热解焚烧耦合电催化燃烧处理医疗垃圾的短流程方法，该方法是将医疗废弃物经预处理粉粹后，由螺旋给料器送入高频电源供热的热解焚烧炉内，由下到上依次经过焚烧段、热解段和催化燃烧段进行热解焚烧，产生的废渣从热解焚烧炉底部排出；在焚烧段产生的可燃气体、烃类物质等进入催化燃烧段，在电催化过滤器作用下充分燃烧并催化分解焦油和有毒物质；后经烟气换热器使烟气温度降低至500~550℃，换热后烟气进入文丘里射流器与碱液混合，使烟气急冷至150~300℃并除去酸性气体，再经过电滤除尘器除去99%以上粉尘后达标排放，实现医疗垃圾热解焚烧的短流程化处理。
The invention discloses a short-process method for treating medical waste by in-situ pyrolysis and incineration coupled with electrocatalytic combustion. The method comprises the following steps: the medical waste is pre-treated and crushed, and then is fed into a pyrolysis incinerator with high-frequency power supply heating by a spiral feeder, and the medical waste is sequentially passed through an incineration section, a pyrolysis section and a catalytic combustion section from bottom to top for pyrolysis and incineration, and the generated waste residue is discharged from the bottom of the pyrolysis incinerator; the combustible gas, hydrocarbon substances and the like generated in the incineration section enter the catalytic combustion section, and are fully burned and catalytically decompose tar and toxic substances under the action of an electrocatalytic filter; the flue gas temperature is then reduced to 500-550°C by a flue gas heat exchanger, and after heat exchange, the flue gas enters a venturi ejector and is mixed with alkali liquid, so that the flue gas is rapidly cooled to 150-300°C and acidic gas is removed, and then the flue gas is passed through an electrostatic precipitator to remove more than 99% of dust before reaching the emission standard, thereby realizing the short-process treatment of pyrolysis and incineration of medical waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical waste treatment, in particular to a short-flow method for treating medical waste by coupling in-situ pyrolysis incineration and electrocatalytic combustion.
Background
With the development of the age and the development of the society, the scientific management and the safe disposal of medical wastes occupy the important position. According to medical waste management regulations in China, medical waste refers to waste with direct or indirect infectivity, toxicity and other harmfulness generated by medical and health institutions in medical treatment, prevention, health care and other related activities. Medical waste contains a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms, viruses and sharp objects, such as broken glass sheets, waste syringes, disposable surgical knives and the like, and is mainly transmitted through damaged skin, facial intima, respiratory system, digestive system and the like of a human body, and once the human body is contacted carelessly, the human body can be infected or damaged. Meanwhile, medical waste is improperly treated, and water and atmosphere can be polluted in various modes. For example, volatile matters are easy to decompose under the promotion of temperature and moisture in the stacking process of the medical waste, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides and sulfur-containing gas are released to seriously pollute the environment, and meanwhile, persistent organic pollutants such as dioxin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like generated in the incineration process of the medical waste can generate great pollution to the atmosphere. Dioxin belongs to typical persistent organic pollutants, has stable properties, is resistant to acid and alkali, photochemical degradation and hydrolysis, can exist in the environment for a long time, can also migrate along with the atmosphere for a long distance, and can be enriched in animals and plants and transferred into human bodies through food intake and other ways after being released into the environment from an emission source, so that great threat is generated to human health.
Today, the treatment methods of medical wastes can be classified into chemical sterilization, microwave treatment, high-pressure steam sterilization, plasma sterilization, pyrolysis incineration, etc., according to the treatment process. Among them, the pyrolysis incineration method is developed most rapidly, and is now internationally recognized as a treatment method of medical wastes by being continuously perfected, and the U.S., japan and the united kingdom are mainly incineration methods. At present, the main treatment technology of medical waste in China is a pyrolysis incineration method. The medical waste incineration equipment is relatively backward in the 70 th and 80 th ages, has high cost, low treatment effect and high human health risk, is greatly limited in application of an incineration method, enters the 21 st century, and on the basis of introducing foreign incineration disposal technology, the research and development investment on the medical waste incineration technology and equipment is increased in China, the gap between the medical waste incineration equipment and the foreign technology is further reduced, and the automation, the purification efficiency and the incineration performance of the incineration equipment are greatly improved.
The flue gas generated by the incineration and pyrolysis of the medical waste contains a certain amount of dust, toxic gases (carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and the like), dioxin substances, heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead and the like, and the flue gas must be purified. The pyrolysis incineration technology is used for medical waste incineration, and has the advantages of effectively reducing the hazardous waste fly ash in the incinerator, controlling pollution of heavy metals and dioxin organic matters in the fly-back, and simultaneously controlling the generation of thermal NO x in the waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a short-flow method for treating medical waste by coupling in-situ pyrolysis incineration with electrocatalytic combustion, which comprises the steps that after medical waste is crushed, the medical waste is sent into a pyrolysis incinerator by a screw feeder, an inner cavity of the pyrolysis incinerator is sequentially provided with an incineration section, a pyrolysis gasification section and a catalytic combustion section from bottom to top, and the pyrolysis incinerator is heated by electromagnetism in a cooperative manner; the method comprises the steps of introducing preheated air in the incineration process, igniting and incinerating medical waste by an igniter arranged in an incineration section of a pyrolysis incinerator along with the continuous increase of electromagnetic heating intensity, enabling dust, acid gas and dioxin substances generated by incineration to rise to a pyrolysis gasification section, enabling macromolecular organic substances to be decomposed into combustible gas, hydrocarbon substances, liquid fuel and coke by pyrolysis gasification, enabling the combustible gas and gasified liquid to rise to enter a catalytic combustion section, introducing preheated air in the catalytic combustion section, arranging an electrocatalytic filter connected with a power supply in the catalytic combustion section, enabling combustible gas, liquid, ash and inert substances to be further combusted in the catalytic combustion section under the action of the electrocatalytic filter, enabling a catalyst on the electrocatalytic filter to primarily adsorb volatile organic substances, chlorides, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in combustion flue gas, enabling the flue gas after pyrolysis incineration to enter a flue gas heat exchanger, enabling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to be 500-550 ℃, enabling the flue gas after heat exchange to enter a venturi jet device to be mixed with the coke, enabling the combustible gas and gasified liquid to rise to enter the catalytic combustion section, enabling the catalytic combustion section to absorb the acid gas and the combustible gas to enter the catalytic combustion section, enabling the preheated gas and the combustible gas to be 150-300 ℃, enabling the mixture to be separated into a sewage to be in the separator, enabling the sewage to be discharged into an alkaline solution to be discharged outside after the alkaline solution to be discharged to reach the standard, and alkaline solution is filtered out, and the alkaline solution is discharged outside after the alkaline solution is treated after the alkaline solution is discharged after the alkaline solution is treated after the alkaline solution is subjected to the alkaline solution is treated to be discharged.
The furnace body wall area 2 intermediate layers of pyrolysis incinerator are provided with the heating wire in the outer intermediate layer, and the heating wire is connected with high frequency power, and pyrolysis incinerator internal temperature is 900~1300 ℃ after the heating, is provided with the solenoid who is connected with the power outside the furnace body of the section of burning of pyrolysis incinerator, burns section temperature more than 1100 ℃, is provided with air conduit in the intermediate layer, air conduit respectively with burn section, catalytic combustion section in air inlet I, air inlet II intercommunication, catalytic combustion section at pyrolysis incinerator is provided with the electrocatalytic filter who is connected with the power.
The electrocatalytic filter takes a metal plate with holes or high-temperature conductive ceramic with holes as a substrate, wherein the metal plate is one of a stainless steel hole, a tungsten alloy hole, a tungsten-molybdenum alloy hole, a nickel-based super-high temperature alloy hole and a titanium-based super-high temperature alloy hole, a catalyst is loaded on the metal plate, the catalyst is one of V2O5、CeO、NiO、Mn3O4、MnO2/Al2O3、Pd/Al2O3, and the electrocatalytic filter is connected with a high-voltage alternating-current power supply and is powered by the high-voltage alternating-current power supply.
The exhaust fan is connected with the flue gas heat exchanger through the flowmeter, and air after heat exchange with the incineration flue gas is introduced into an air pipeline of an inner interlayer of the pyrolysis incinerator for preheating again, and the preheated air supplies oxygen for full combustion of medical waste, and meanwhile, the reduction of pyrolysis incineration temperature by cold air is avoided.
The electrocatalytic filter is arranged in a catalytic combustion section in the incineration pyrolysis furnace, generates plasmas and free radicals under the action of high temperature and electricity, and adsorbs and decomposes aromatic compounds, tar and toxic substances generated by medical waste incineration.
The electromagnetic coil provides a magnetic field strength of 0.05-0.1T, and the high-frequency power supply is 380V/50 Hz-80 Hz.
The screw feeder feeds the pretreated and crushed medical waste into the pyrolysis incinerator 2 with the treatment capacity of 5 kg/min-8.5 kg/min, the excess air coefficient in the incinerator is 1.0-2.0, and the air flow is 3L/min-7L/min.
The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. The method utilizes electromagnetic intensified heating to make three incineration sections in the pyrolysis incinerator cooperate, realizes thorough pyrolysis incineration of medical waste, reduces emission of a large amount of acid and harmful gas and smoke dust compared with the industrialized traditional pyrolysis incineration of medical waste, and has the advantages of small occupied area, energy conservation and emission reduction.
2. The catalytic combustion section in the pyrolysis incinerator is provided with the electrocatalytic filter, a large amount of plasmas and free radicals can be generated under the combined action of high temperature, electricity and catalyst active components, volatile organic compounds, tar and toxic substances in combustion flue gas are degraded, the burden of a subsequent flue gas purification process is lightened, and the possibility is provided for short-process treatment of medical waste.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 in the method of the present invention;
The device comprises a 1-screw feeder, a 2-pyrolysis incinerator, a 3-flue gas heat exchanger, a 4-Venturi ejector, a 5-separator, a 6-sewage storage tank, a 7-electric filter dust remover, an 8-flowmeter, a 9-exhaust fan, a 10-electrocatalytic filter, an 11-air inlet I, a 12-heating wire, a 13-air inlet II, a 14-electromagnetic coil, a 15-slag discharging port, a 16-pump and a 17-alkali liquid pool.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the precise structure that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof, and detailed embodiments are given below, and the scope of the present application is not limited to the following embodiments; the components not specifically described in the examples are all conventional commercial components, and are controlled and used in a conventional manner;
The device used in the embodiment comprises a screw feeder 1, a pyrolysis incinerator 2, a flue gas heat exchanger 3, a venturi jet 4, a separator 5, a sewage storage tank 6 and an electric filtration dust remover 7, wherein the wall of the furnace body of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 is provided with 2 interlayers, an electric heating wire 12 is arranged in the outer interlayer, the electric heating wire is connected with a high-frequency power supply, an electromagnetic coil 14 connected with the power supply is arranged outside a furnace body of an incineration section of the pyrolysis incinerator, the temperature of the incineration section is above 1100 ℃, an air pipeline is arranged in the inner interlayer, the air pipeline is respectively communicated with an air inlet I11 and an air inlet II13 in the incineration section and a catalytic combustion section, an electrocatalytic filter 10 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the screw feeder is connected with the pyrolysis incinerator 2, the flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 is connected with the flue gas heat exchanger 3, the exhaust fan 9 is connected with the flue gas heat exchanger 3 through a flowmeter 8, the flue gas heat exchanger 3 is connected with the air pipeline in the inner interlayer of the pyrolysis incinerator, the air pipeline is connected with the separator jet 5 through the venturi jet 4, the lower end of the sewage storage tank 5 is connected with an alkali filter 17, and the electric filtration dust remover 17 is connected with the venturi jet 6;
1, as shown in figures 1 and 2, crushed medical waste is fed into a pyrolysis incinerator 2 by a screw feeder 1 according to the feeding amount of 5kg/min, an electric heating wire 12 of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 is connected with a 380V/50Hz high-frequency power supply, the temperature in the pyrolysis incinerator after heating is 1000 ℃, an electromagnetic coil 14 connected with the power supply is arranged outside a furnace body of an incineration section of the pyrolysis incinerator, the electromagnetic coil 14 is powered by a 40Hz direct-current power supply and a 220V direct-current power supply, and the temperature of the incineration section is controlled at 1100 ℃ by adjusting the magnetic drive to be 0.05T;
The exhaust fan 9 is used for introducing air with an excess air coefficient of 1.0 into the flue gas heat exchanger 3 through the flowmeter 8 at the air flow rate of 7L/min, and after the air exchanges heat with the incineration flue gas, the air is introduced into an air channel of an interlayer in the pyrolysis incinerator 2 for preheating again and then is used for providing preheated air for an incineration section and a catalytic combustion section in the pyrolysis incinerator; the medical garbage is ignited and incinerated by an igniter arranged in an incineration section of the pyrolysis incinerator, dust, acid gas and dioxin substances generated by incineration rise to a pyrolysis gasification section, macromolecular organic substances are decomposed into combustible gas, hydrocarbon substances, liquid fuel and coke by pyrolysis gasification, the combustible gas and gasified liquid rise to enter a catalytic combustion section, preheated air is introduced into the catalytic combustion section, an electrocatalytic filter 9 connected with a power supply is arranged in the catalytic combustion section, the electrocatalytic filter 10 is electrically based on tungsten-molybdenum alloy with holes, a V 2O5 active catalyst is loaded on the substrate, the electrocatalytic filter 10 is connected with alternating current with the voltage of 20kV and the frequency of 10 kHz, combustible gas, liquid, ash and inert substances are further combusted in the catalytic combustion section under the action of the electrocatalytic filter, and meanwhile, the catalyst on the electrocatalytic filter 10 primarily adsorbs the volatile organic substances, chlorides, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in the combustion gas; the temperature of the combusted flue gas is reduced to 550 ℃ through a flue gas heat exchanger 3, then the flue gas enters a Venturi ejector to be mixed with NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 3% pumped from an alkali liquor pool 17, the flue gas is quenched to 250 ℃ and acidic gas is absorbed by alkali liquor, the mixture realizes gas-liquid separation in a separator 5, slurry after separation flows into a sewage storage tank 6, the flue gas upwards enters an electric filtration dust remover 7, the flue gas at the outlet of the electric filtration dust remover 7 is detected, the concentration of each pollutant in the flue gas is lower than the emission standard, the dust removal rate of the flue gas reaches 99.4%, and the volume reduction rate of the medical waste reaches 95.2%.
The medical waste after pretreatment and crushing is sent into a pyrolysis incinerator 2 by a screw feeder 1 at a feeding amount of 6kg/min, an electric heating wire 12 of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 is connected with a 380V/60Hz high-frequency power supply, the temperature of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 after heating is 1100 ℃, an electromagnetic coil outside the incinerator body of an incineration section of the pyrolysis incinerator is powered by a 40Hz 220V direct-current power supply, and a magnetic drive is regulated to be 0.05T so that the temperature of the incineration section is controlled at 1200 ℃; the exhaust fan 9 is used for introducing air with an excess air coefficient of 1.2 into the smoke heat exchanger 3 through a flowmeter 8 at the air flow rate of 6L/min, after the air exchanges heat with incineration smoke, the air is introduced into an air channel of an interlayer in the pyrolysis incinerator 2 for preheating again and then used for providing preheated air for an incineration section and a catalytic combustion section in the pyrolysis incinerator, the electrocatalytic filter 10 is used for taking high-temperature conductive ceramic with holes as a substrate, mn 3O4 catalyst is loaded on the substrate, the alternating current with the voltage of 50kV and the frequency of 10 kHz is connected to the substrate, medical waste is subjected to full pyrolysis incineration in the furnace sequentially through the incineration section, the pyrolysis section and the catalytic combustion section, the smoke after combustion is cooled to 520 ℃ through the smoke heat exchanger 3, then enters the venturi jet 4 and is mixed with 10% magnesia slurry with the mass concentration of 10% pumped in from the alkali liquor pool 17, the smoke is quenched to 280 ℃ and acid gas is absorbed through alkali liquor, the mixture is subjected to gas-liquid separation in the separator 5, the slurry after separation flows into the sewage storage tank 6, the smoke is upwards enters the electric filter 7, the outlet of the electric filter 7 is detected, the smoke of which has the concentration of pollutants in the smoke, and the smoke emission of the smoke is lower than 99%, and the medical waste concentration reaches the standard of 96%.
The medical waste after pretreatment and crushing is sent into a pyrolysis incinerator 2 by a screw feeder 1 at a feeding amount of 5kg/min, an electric heating wire 12 of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 is connected with a 380V/80Hz high-frequency power supply, the temperature of the pyrolysis incinerator 2 after heating is 1000 ℃, an electromagnetic coil outside the incinerator body of an incineration section of the pyrolysis incinerator is powered by a 40Hz 220V direct-current power supply, and the temperature of the incineration section is controlled to be 1200 ℃ by adjusting the magnetic drive to 0.1T; the exhaust fan 9 is used for introducing air with an excess air coefficient of 1.8 into the smoke heat exchanger 3 through a flowmeter 8 at the air flow rate of 5L/min, after the air exchanges heat with incineration smoke, the air is introduced into an air channel of an interlayer in the pyrolysis incinerator 2 for preheating again and then used for providing preheated air for an incineration section and a catalytic combustion section in the pyrolysis incinerator, the electrocatalytic filter 10 is used for taking a stainless steel plate with holes as a substrate, pd/Al 2O3 catalyst is loaded on the substrate, alternating current with the voltage of 40kV and the frequency of 20kHz is connected to the substrate, medical waste is subjected to full pyrolysis incineration in the furnace sequentially through the incineration section, the pyrolysis section and the catalytic combustion section, the smoke after combustion is cooled to 530 ℃ through the smoke heat exchanger 3, then enters the venturi jet 4 and is mixed with 5% sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration drawn in from the alkaline solution pool 17, the smoke is quenched to 250 ℃ and acid gas is absorbed through alkaline solution, the mixture is separated in the separator 5, the slurry flows into the sewage storage tank 6, the smoke is upwards enters the electric filter 7, the outlet of the electric filter 7 for filtering dust collector 7, the concentration of pollutants in the smoke is lower than 99.96%, and the medical waste concentration reaches the standard of the dust removal rate of 96.1%.
In the foregoing, the present invention is merely preferred embodiments, which are based on different implementations of the overall concept of the invention, and the protection scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily come within the technical scope of the present invention as those skilled in the art should not fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A short-flow method for treating medical waste by coupling in-situ pyrolysis incineration and electrocatalytic combustion is characterized in that after medical waste is crushed, the medical waste is fed into a pyrolysis incinerator (2) by a screw feeder (1), the inner cavity of the pyrolysis incinerator (2) is sequentially provided with an incineration section, a pyrolysis gasification section and a catalytic combustion section from bottom to top, and the pyrolysis incinerator (2) is heated by electromagnetic cooperation; the method comprises the steps of introducing preheated air in the incineration process, igniting and incinerating medical waste by an igniter arranged in an incineration section of a pyrolysis incinerator along with the continuous increase of electromagnetic heating intensity, enabling dust, acid gas and dioxin substances generated by incineration to rise to a pyrolysis gasification section, decomposing macromolecular organic substances into combustible gas, hydrocarbon substances, liquid fuel and coke by pyrolysis gasification, enabling the combustible gas and gasified liquid to rise to enter a catalytic combustion section, introducing preheated air in the catalytic combustion section, arranging an electrocatalytic filter (10) connected with a power supply in the catalytic combustion section, enabling combustible gas, liquid, ash and inert substances to be further combusted in the catalytic combustion section under the action of the electrocatalytic filter, enabling a catalyst on the electrocatalytic filter to primarily adsorb volatile organic substances, chlorides, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in combustion flue gas, enabling the flue gas after pyrolysis incineration to enter a flue gas heat exchanger (3), enabling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to 500-550 ℃, enabling the flue gas after heat exchange to enter a venturi jet device to be mixed with alkali liquor, enabling the flue gas to be 150-300 ℃ and enabling the mixture to be absorbed by alkali liquor to be separated in a separator (5), enabling the slurry to be absorbed in a slurry storage tank (6), the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard through alkali treatment and precipitation treatment, and the flue gas after alkali liquid treatment is discharged after being dedusted by an electric filter;
The furnace body wall of the pyrolysis incinerator (2) is provided with 2 interlayers, an electric heating wire is arranged in the outer interlayer, the electric heating wire is connected with a high-frequency power supply, the temperature in the pyrolysis incinerator after heating is 900-1300 ℃, an electromagnetic coil connected with the power supply is arranged outside a furnace body of an incineration section of the pyrolysis incinerator, the temperature of the incineration section is above 1100 ℃, an air pipeline is arranged in the inner interlayer, the air pipeline is respectively communicated with an air inlet I (11) and an air inlet II (13) in the incineration section and a catalytic combustion section of the pyrolysis incinerator, an electrocatalytic filter connected with the power supply is arranged in the catalytic combustion section of the pyrolysis incinerator, and a slag discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body;
The electrocatalytic filter takes a metal plate with holes or high-temperature conductive ceramic with holes as a substrate, wherein the metal plate is one of stainless steel holes, tungsten alloy holes, tungsten molybdenum alloy holes, nickel-based super-high-temperature alloy holes and titanium-based super-high-temperature alloy holes, a catalyst is loaded on the metal plate, the catalyst is one of V2O5、CeO、NiO、Mn3O4、MnO2/Al2O3、Pd/Al2O3, and the electrocatalytic filter is connected with a high-voltage alternating-current power supply and is powered by the high-voltage alternating-current power supply.
2. The short-flow method for treating medical waste by coupling in-situ pyrolysis incineration and electrocatalytic combustion according to claim 1, wherein the alkali liquor is one of NaOH solution, na 2CO3 solution, limestone slurry and magnesia slurry.
3. The short-flow method for treating medical waste by coupling in-situ pyrolysis incineration and electrocatalytic combustion according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust fan (9) is connected with a flue gas heat exchanger (3) through a flowmeter (8), and air after heat exchange with incineration flue gas is introduced into an air pipeline of an inner interlayer of a pyrolysis incinerator for preheating again and then is used for supplying oxygen to the pyrolysis incinerator.
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