CN115075846A - A telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced tube shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced tube shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels, comprising a tube shed tube that is telescopically controlled by hydraulic pressure, a drill bit assembly, and a pushing cylinder block; wherein, the upper end of each tube shed tube is sleeved on the The bottom end of each drill bit assembly can rotate freely in the tube shed tube; the bottom end of the tube shed tube is fixed on the push cylinder block; the tube shed tube includes a first tube shed tube, a second tube shed tube, and a third tube Shelf tubes; the pushing cylindrical blocks include a first pushing cylindrical block, a second pushing cylindrical block, and a third pushing cylindrical block; each tube shed tube and the pushing cylindrical block are installed correspondingly; and the pushing cylindrical blocks are hydraulically connected. It solves the problems existing in the prior art, such as the difficulty of excavating the soft soil tunnel, the inaccurate control of the deviation correction angle of the pipe shed, and the like.

Description

A telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced tube shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and relates to a telescopic and adjustable small-angle leading pipe shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels.

Background technique

At present, the deformation of surrounding rock and surface subsidence during the tunnel construction process have an important impact on the future railway operation safety. In order to ensure that the tunnel construction does not affect the normal operation of the railway, it is necessary to analyze the construction method, settlement control measures and construction safety of the ultra-shallow tunnel. Research.

In the construction of some large-section weak and broken surrounding rock tunnels, due to the poor surrounding rock level, such as weak, gravel strata, soft rock, rock piles, and broken zone sections, it is easy to cause tunnel vault collapse, surrounding rock deformation and other factors after excavation. The surface subsides, so it is necessary to use advanced support methods to control the surrounding rock to ensure the overall stability of the surrounding rock during the excavation process. At present, in the process of tunnel excavation, in order to resist the dynamic load of the train and the ground settlement, the advanced pipe shed is generally used for advanced support. The advanced pipe shed is installed into the surrounding rock at one time, and the disturbance to the surrounding rock and soil is very small. A very effective support measure. However, in large-section soft soil tunnels, steel arches with relatively small spacing are generally used for initial support. Therefore, the application space of the advanced pipe shed is limited, and it is often impossible to achieve a small inclination for effective support. , resulting in a large number of ineffective reinforcement of surrounding rock. At present, there is also the problem of using the excavation pipe shed studio to ensure the inclination angle, but it seriously affects the progress of the project implementation.

The advanced pipe shed support is usually strengthened before the tunnel door starts, and the length of the pipe shed driven in during the construction is generally about 25-30m. Therefore, the pre-fabricated pipe shed is long and is often transported to construction. The site is more troublesome, and it is long and difficult to accurately drive into the weak position of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the pipe shed often goes down due to its own gravity, especially in some sloped tunnels. It is very important to accurately drive the inclination angle, and the deviation of the angle will often fail to achieve the expected support effect, resulting in stress concentration during excavation. When driving in, the inclination angle of the tube shed often cannot reach a small inclination angle, resulting in frequent occurrence of a large number of ineffective reinforcement problems.

For underground tunnels or lower tunnels in the process of advanced pipe shed construction, the drilling angle is often too large, which will cause the pipe shed to penetrate the superstructure (structure) or affect the effect of advanced support. It is simply a guide frame composed of 3 I-beams at the entrance of the hole, a guide pipe is embedded on the guide frame, a guide wall is poured with concrete, and then the pipe shed is drilled and installed directly. There is a lack of effective accurate positioning measures before the pipe shed construction.

During the drilling process of the pipe shed, since the control of the angle of the pipe shed is very important, a device for correcting the drilling angle of the pipe shed is also required at present to adjust the drilling of the angle of the pipe shed at any time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a telescopic and adjustable small-angle leading pipe shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels, which solves the problems in the prior art that the excavation of soft soil tunnels is difficult and the control of the deflection angle of the pipe shed is inaccurate. And other issues.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is that a telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced tube shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels includes a tube shed tube that is telescopically controlled by hydraulic pressure, a drill bit assembly, and a push cylinder block. wherein, the upper end of each tube shed tube is sleeved on the bottom end of each drill bit assembly, and the drill bit assembly can rotate freely in the tube shed tube; the bottom end of the tube shed tube is fixed on the pushing cylinder block; tube, the second tube shed tube, and the third tube shed tube; the pushing cylindrical block includes a first pushing cylindrical block, a second pushing cylindrical block, and a third pushing cylindrical block; each tube shed tube and the pushing cylindrical block are installed correspondingly ; Hydraulic connection between each push cylinder block.

Further, the first push cylinder block is located above the second push cylinder block and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the second push cylinder block, and the second push cylinder block is located above the third push cylinder block and has a diameter smaller than the third push cylinder block. The diameter of the second tube shed tube and the third tube shed tube are symmetrical with the first tube shed tube as the central axis; the second tube shed tube is located directly in front of and behind the first The shed tubes are located directly to the left and right of the first tube shed.

Further, the drill bit assembly includes a helical drill bit and a telescopic blade; the telescopic blade includes a blade, a support rod, a first blade rod, and a second blade rod; one end of the first blade rod is fixed on the helical drill bit At the bottom, the other end of the first blade rod is located in the second blade rod and is hydraulically driven; one end of the support rod is hinged with the second blade rod, and the other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to one end of the blade; the other end of the blade is connected to the first blade rod The tube shed tube is sleeved on the lower end of the second blade rod and the second blade rod can rotate freely in the tube shed tube; the blade array is distributed around the first blade rod, and the support rod array is distributed on the second blade around the rod.

Further, an offset detection device is fixedly installed on the outside of the third tube shed; the offset detection device includes an arc-shaped positioning piece and a pressure sensor; the arc-shaped positioning piece is fixed to the tube shed tube, and the pressure sensor is located in the arc Between the positioning piece and the tube shed tube.

Further, the outer side of the first tube shed is rotatably connected with a laser transmitter, and the inner side of the blade of the telescopic blade of the first tube shed is fixedly installed with a laser receiving plate; when the tube shed is horizontal, the laser emitted by the laser transmitter falls. At the exact center of the laser receiving plate of the fully opened blade.

Further, the pipe walls of the second tube shed tube and the third tube shed tube are provided with grouting holes, and a one-way piston is installed in the grouting holes.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The telescopic length of the tube canopy is adjustable, which is convenient for drilling on site.

2. The pipe shed bit can drill better in the surrounding rock and reduce the formation settlement, and can prevent the bit from encountering rocks and damage to the bit; a telescopic blade with adjustable angle and opening size is set on the side of the bit, which is convenient for any time Drilling into the surrounding soil layer can greatly speed up the drilling rate and achieve high-efficiency construction.

3. The direction and angle of pipe shed drilling can be adjusted at any time.

4. Better drilling can be performed in small-angle areas to avoid reinforcement failure.

5. The propulsion device set at the bottom of the tube shed can realize mechanized control without manpower, saving time and effort.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tube shed device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a drill bit assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tube shed tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. The first tube shed tube, 2. The second tube shed tube, 3. The third tube shed tube, 4. The first push cylinder block, 5. The second push cylinder block, 6. The third push cylinder block , 7. Grouting hole, 8. Spiral drill, 9. Telescopic blade, 10. Blade, 11. Support rod, 12. First blade rod, 13. Second blade rod, 14. Arc-shaped positioning piece, 15 . Pressure sensor, 16. Laser transmitter, 17. Drill bit assembly, 18. Offset detection device.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a telescopic and adjustable small-angle advanced tube shed device suitable for soft soil tunnels, comprising a tube shed tube that can be telescopically controlled by hydraulic pressure, a drill bit assembly 17, and a pushing cylinder block. The upper end of the tube shed tube is sleeved on a At the bottom end of the drill bit assembly 17, the drill bit assembly 17 can rotate freely in the tube shed tube; the bottom end of the tube shed tube is fixed on the pushing cylinder block. The tube shed tube can meet various drilling requirements through hydraulic control of the telescopic length.

Specifically, the tube shed tube includes a first tube shed tube 1, a second tube shed tube 2, and a third tube shed tube 3; the pushing cylindrical block includes a first pushing cylindrical block 4, a second pushing cylindrical block 5, The third push cylinder block 6; each tube shed tube and the push cylinder block are installed correspondingly, for example, the first tube shed tube 1 is installed on the first push cylinder block 4, and so on; the push cylinder blocks are hydraulically connected , wherein the first push cylinder block 4 is located above the second push cylinder block 5 and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the second push cylinder block 5, and the second push cylinder block 5 is located above the third push cylinder block 6 and has a diameter smaller than the third push cylinder block. 6; the second tube shed tube 2 and the third tube shed tube 3 are symmetrical with the first tube shed tube 1 as the central axis. The lifting and lowering of the cylinder blocks are controlled by the connection of hydraulic parts, which can adjust the overall length of the tube shed. At the same time, it can also avoid the risk of only extending the tube shed to reach the specified drilling length, which is too long and easy to bend. The second pipe shed pipe 2 is located directly in front of and behind the first pipe shed pipe 1, and the second pipe shed pipe 2 is located directly on the left and right of the first pipe shed pipe 1. When drilling, the pipe shed device drills horizontally. , at this time, the second tube shed 2 is located directly above and below the first tube shed 1 , and the third tube shed 3 is located directly to the left and right of the first tube shed 1 .

In some embodiments, grouting holes 7 are opened on the tube walls of the second tube shed tube 2 and the third tube shed tube 3 for grouting; a one-way piston is installed in the grouting hole 7, which can prevent the During the drilling process of the shed, the soil is poured back to block the grouting hole 7 and even enter the inside of the pipe shed, preventing the grouting process from being unable to be carried out.

In some embodiments, the drill bit assembly 17 includes a helical drill bit 8, a telescopic blade 9; the telescopic blade 9 includes a blade 10, a support rod 11, a first blade rod 12, a second blade rod 13; the first blade rod 13; One end of the blade rod 12 is fixed at the bottom of the screw drill bit 8, the other end of the first blade rod 12 is located in the second blade rod 13 and is hydraulically driven; one end of the support rod 11 is hinged with the second blade rod 13, and the other end of the support rod 11 Rotationally connected to one end of the blade 10; the other end of the blade 10 is hinged with the first blade rod 12; the tube shed tube is sleeved on the lower end of the second blade rod 13 and the second blade rod 13 can rotate freely in the tube shed tube; the blade The array of 10 is distributed around the first blade rod 12 , and the corresponding array of support rods 11 is distributed around the second blade rod 13 . The telescopic blade 9 is controlled to open or close by controlling the telescopic movement between the first blade rod 12 and the second blade rod 13 by hydraulic pressure.

In some embodiments, an offset detection device 18 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the third tube shed 3; the offset detection device 18 includes an arc-shaped positioning piece 14 and a pressure sensor 15; the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 and the tube shed tube Fixed, the pressure sensor 15 is located between the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 and the tube shed tube. The arc-shaped positioning piece 14 is used to fix the pressure sensor 15 to prevent the pressure sensor 15 from moving. In order to ensure that the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 can transmit pressure, the arc-shaped positioning piece 14 Made of elastic material. When the surrounding rock pressure on both sides of the pipe shed is different, the pipe shed will be offset, and the direction of the offset is the same as the direction of the force on the pipe shed. Therefore, when the pipe shed is drilling, the pressure of the left pressure sensor 15 When the pressure of the right pressure sensor 15 is greater than the pressure of the right pressure sensor 15, the tube shed is offset to the right, otherwise the offset direction is opposite, and the offset is corrected according to the offset direction.

There are a plurality of offset detection devices 18. When the data transmitted by a certain offset detection device 18 changes suddenly and the data of other offset detection devices 18 remain unchanged, it is considered to be external interference rather than the drilling direction of the pipe shed. changes; when the data transmitted by the plurality of offset detection devices 18 all change, it is considered that the tube shed is offset, and at this time, the offset needs to be corrected.

In some embodiments, since the pipe shed will be affected by gravity during the drilling process, and the surrounding rock will also fall by gravity, the up and down deviation of the pipe shed cannot be clearly judged by the deviation detection device 18, so the present invention The outer side of the first tube shed tube 1 is rotatably connected with a laser transmitter 16. When the tube shed is drilled, the laser emitted by the laser transmitter 16 is always kept horizontal due to the action of gravity, and is not affected by the up and down deviation of the tube shed; the first A laser receiving plate is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the blade 10 of the telescopic blade 9 of the tube shed tube 1 . When the tube shed is horizontal, the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter 16 can just fall on the center of the laser receiving plate of the fully opened blade 10; when the tube shed is drilled every 15-30m, the drilling is stopped, and the first tube is opened. Open the retractable blade 9 of the shed tube 1, turn on the laser transmitter 16 at the same time, and observe the position where the laser emitted by the laser transmitter 16 falls on the laser receiving plate. If the position is lower than the center of the laser receiving plate, it means that the drilling direction of the tube shed is higher and needs to be corrected downward.

The process that the tube shed device in this embodiment realizes the deviation correction is as follows:

When the upward deviation of the tube shed device is detected, the first tube shed tube 1 is hydraulically controlled to shrink (the telescopic blade 9 of the first tube shed tube 1 is in a fully retracted state at this time), and at the same time the second tube shed tube above is retracted. 2 shrink, then open the telescopic blades 9 of the second tube shed tube 2 and the third tube shed tube 3, and then open the drill bit of the second tube shed tube 2 and the third tube shed tube 3. The shed tube 2 is shorter than the lower tube shed tube, and the tube shed device is gradually shifted downward to realize deviation correction. The same is true when the tube shed assembly is offset downwards.

When it is detected that the tube shed device is shifted to the left, the first tube shed tube 1 is hydraulically controlled to shrink (the telescopic blade 9 of the first tube shed tube 1 is in a fully contracted state at this time), and the third tube on the left The shed tube 3 shrinks, then the telescopic blades 9 of the second tube shed tube 2 and the third tube shed tube 3 are opened, and then the helical drill bit 8 of the second tube shed tube 2 and the third The third tube shed tube 3 on the left is shorter than the third tube shed tube 3 on the right, and the tube shed device is gradually shifted to the right to realize deviation correction. The same is true when the tube shed unit is shifted to the right.

After the deviation correction is completed, the drilling is stopped, the tube shed device is moved back a certain distance, so that the first tube shed tube 1 can be extended, and the telescopic blade 9 of the first tube shed tube 1 is opened to continue drilling along the path after deviation correction.

The circuit connections and hydraulic pipeline connections not mentioned in the present invention are all conventional technical means in the art. In addition, it should be noted that when the pipe shed device works, it drills horizontally forward.

The complete working process of the pipe shed device of the present invention is as follows:

First, adjust the length of the whole tube shed tube by adjusting the telescopic amount of each push cylinder block and each tube shed tube. After the length is adjusted, each telescopic blade 9 is opened, and then the spiral drill bit 8 is turned on. The spiral drill bit 8 rotates at the same time. The telescopic blade 9 is driven to rotate, at this time the tube shed device is drilled forward, and the grouting hole 7 is controlled to grouting outward.

When drilling the pipe shed, always pay attention to the data transmitted by the pressure sensor 15 of the offset detection device 18. When the data transmitted by a certain offset detection device 18 changes suddenly and the data of the other offset detection devices 18 remain unchanged, then It is considered that it is the external disturbance rather than the change in the drilling direction of the pipe shed; when the data transmitted by the plurality of offset detection devices 18 all change, it is considered that the pipe shed has shifted, and the deviation needs to be corrected according to the above method.

When the tube shed device drills forward every 15-30m, stop drilling, turn on the laser transmitter 16, observe the position of the laser emitted by the laser transmitter 16 on the laser receiving board, and judge whether the tube shed device is upward or downward. Offset, if there is no offset, continue drilling, if there is offset, correct the offset according to the above method.

After the deviation correction is completed, continue to drill forward until the predetermined target position is reached, and the drilling is completed.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device suitable for a soft soil tunnel is characterized by comprising a pipe shed pipe, a drill bit assembly (17) and a pushing cylindrical block, wherein the pipe shed pipe and the drill bit assembly are hydraulically controlled to be telescopic; wherein the upper end of each pipe shed pipe is sleeved at the bottom end of each drill bit component (17), and the drill bit components (17) can freely rotate in the pipe shed pipes; the bottom end of the pipe shed is fixed on the pushing cylindrical block; the pipe shed pipes comprise a first pipe shed pipe (1), a second pipe shed pipe (2) and a third pipe shed pipe (3); the pushing cylindrical blocks comprise a first pushing cylindrical block (4), a second pushing cylindrical block (5) and a third pushing cylindrical block (6); each pipe shed pipe and the pushing cylindrical block are correspondingly arranged; the pushing cylindrical blocks are connected through hydraulic pressure.

2. The telescopic adjustable small-angle pipe advance shed device suitable for the soft soil tunnel of claim 1, characterized in that the first pushing cylinder block (4) is positioned above the second pushing cylinder block (5) and has a diameter smaller than that of the second pushing cylinder block (5), the second pushing cylinder block (5) is positioned above the third pushing cylinder block (6) and has a diameter smaller than that of the third pushing cylinder block (6); the second pipe shed pipes (2) and the third pipe shed pipes (3) are symmetrical by taking the first pipe shed pipe (1) as a central shaft; the second pipe shed pipes (2) are positioned right in front of and right behind the first pipe shed pipes (1), and the second pipe shed pipes (2) are positioned right on the left and right of the first pipe shed pipes (1).

3. The telescopic adjustable small-angle pipe advance shed device suitable for the soft soil tunnel of claim 1, characterized in that the drill bit assembly (17) comprises a screw drill bit (8), a telescopic blade (9); the telescopic blade (9) comprises a blade (10), a support rod (11), a first blade rod (12) and a second blade rod (13); one end of the first blade rod (12) is fixed at the bottom of the spiral drill bit (8), and the other end of the first blade rod (12) is positioned in the second blade rod (13) and is in hydraulic transmission; one end of the supporting rod (11) is hinged with the second blade rod (13), and the other end of the supporting rod (11) is rotatably connected with one end of the blade (10); the other end of the blade (10) is hinged with the first blade rod (12); the pipe shed pipe is sleeved at the lower end of the second blade rod (13), and the second blade rod (13) can freely rotate in the pipe shed pipe; the blades (10) are distributed around the first blade rod (12) in an array mode, and the supporting rods (11) are distributed around the second blade rod (13) in an array mode.

4. The telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device suitable for the soft soil tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that an offset detection device (18) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the third pipe shed pipe (3); the deviation detection device (18) comprises an arc positioning sheet (14) and a pressure sensor (15); the arc-shaped positioning piece (14) is fixed with the pipe shed pipe, and the pressure sensor (15) is positioned between the arc-shaped positioning piece (14) and the pipe shed pipe.

5. The telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device suitable for the soft soil tunnel is characterized in that a laser transmitter (16) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first pipe shed pipe (1), and a laser receiving plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of a blade (10) of a telescopic blade (9) of the first pipe shed pipe (1); when the pipe shed is horizontal, the laser emitted by the laser emitter (16) falls on the right center of the laser receiving plate of the fully opened blade (10).

6. The telescopic adjustable small-angle advanced pipe shed device suitable for the soft soil tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the pipe walls of the second pipe shed pipe (2) and the third pipe shed pipe (3) are provided with grouting holes (7), and one-way pistons are installed in the grouting holes (7).

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