CN115072519B - A lift with anti-fall and anti-top impact safety alarm linkage device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an elevator with an anti-falling anti-collision safety alarm linkage device, which comprises: the hoisting machine comprises a hoisting machine, a hoisting beam, a steel wire rope alarm device, a hoisting cage, guide sliding rails, a plurality of traction steel wire ropes, a hoisting rail, a hoisting device and a hoisting device, wherein the hoisting beam is used for bearing the hoisting machine; the traction machine is provided with a traction wheel capable of winding a traction steel wire rope, the top of a lifting cage is provided with a traction pulley, the traction steel wire rope is led out to the lower part of the traction pulley by the traction wheel and then upwards connected to a steel wire rope alarm device, the lifting cage is clamped between guide sliding rails on two sides through guide shoes and safety tongs arranged on two sides, the guide shoes are respectively provided with a group from top to bottom, one end of the safety tongs is fixed below the lower guide shoes, and the other end of the safety tongs is fixed on a following steel wire rope of a speed limiter; the safety gear is capable of receiving a signal from the trailing wire rope. Thereby holding the guide slide rail and enabling the suspension cage to brake, and the suspension cage is mainly used for preventing the roof punching or falling accidents from occurring in the operation process of the lifter.

Description

A lift with anti-fall and anti-top impact safety alarm linkage device

Technical Field

The invention relates to an alarm linkage device, in particular to a lifter with an anti-falling and anti-top-impact safety alarm linkage device.

Background Art

In recent years, with the continuous development of the construction industry, the requirements for construction safety, environmental protection, construction period, quality, etc. have become increasingly higher. Traditional external construction elevators can no longer meet the needs of modern construction companies due to their poor safety, low operating efficiency, environmental hazards, and small application range.

Therefore, in order to avoid the above problems, the company has specially developed a lift that runs in the elevator shaft. In order to effectively improve construction safety, a set of alarm protection devices needs to be tailored for the lift to ensure that construction workers can work in a safe environment. Common lift accidents often include top collision and fall. Top collision refers to the lift losing control and rising rapidly and colliding with the top of the elevator shaft. It is the most serious accident. After the lift hits the top, the huge impact force causes the top structure of the cage to be destroyed, causing the lift to fall again.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a lift with an anti-falling and anti-top-impact safety alarm linkage device.

The elevator comprises: a sky beam for carrying a traction machine, a wire rope alarm device installed above the sky beam, a cage arranged below the traction machine, guide rails symmetrically laid on both sides of the cage, and a plurality of traction wire ropes for connecting the traction machine and the cage;

Among them, the traction machine is provided with a traction wheel capable of winding a traction wire rope, and a traction pulley is provided on the top of the cage. The traction wire rope is led out from the traction wheel to the lower part of the traction pulley, and then connected upward to the wire rope alarm device;

The cage is clamped between the guide rails on both sides through the guide shoes and safety clamps installed on both sides. A set of guide shoes is set up above and below. One end of the safety clamp is fixed under the lower guide shoe, and the other end of the safety clamp is fixed on the accompanying wire rope of the speed limiter. The safety clamp can receive signals from the accompanying wire rope, thereby holding the guide rail and braking the cage.

Furthermore, the wire rope alarm device includes: a base plate placed horizontally above the sky beam, a spring plate vertically installed on the upper part of the base plate, a balance plate horizontally installed above the spring plate, an anti-fall sensor fixed on one side of the spring plate, and a plurality of alarm shafts arranged on the other side of the spring plate.

Furthermore, an alarm shaft is arranged through the base plate, an end with a larger diameter on the alarm shaft is located between the base plate and the balance plate, an end with a smaller diameter on the alarm shaft is located below the base plate, an end with a smaller diameter on the alarm shaft is sleeved with a hollow limit shaft fixedly installed below the base plate, a compression spring sleeved on the end with a smaller diameter of the alarm shaft is arranged in the hollow limit shaft, and a plurality of traction steel ropes led out from the lower part of the traction pulley are respectively connected to the lower end of each alarm shaft; wherein, the upper end of the compression spring acts on the stepped lower end surface of the large end of the alarm shaft, and the lower end of the compression spring acts on the stepped hole in the hollow limit shaft.

Furthermore, the anti-fall sensor and the alarm shaft are not in contact with the balance plate when the elevator is operating normally. When any traction wire rope breaks, the alarm shaft will lose contact with the traction wire rope and rebound upward under the action of the compression spring, lifting up one side of the balance plate, causing the other side of the balance plate to flip downward and touch the anti-fall sensor. After the anti-fall sensor is triggered, it sends a signal to the safety clamp, causing the safety clamp to hold the guide rail and lock the current position of the elevator.

Furthermore, a direction-changing pulley is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the alarm shaft, and any traction wire rope is connected to the lower end of the alarm shaft after passing around the direction-changing pulley.

Furthermore, the guide slide rail includes: two parallel section slide rails arranged parallel to each other, and an anti-collision slide rail installed above the parallel section slide rails; wherein the anti-collision slide rail includes: a rebound rail fixed above the parallel section slide rail, a deceleration inclined rail located above the rebound rail, and a limit switch is provided at the joint between the parallel section slide rail and the rebound rail, and the limit switch can send a braking signal to the safety clamp.

Furthermore, the rebound rail is installed on the pressure-touch rebounder, and a resistance spring is provided in the pressure-touch rebounder. When the guide shoe passes through the rebound rail, the rebound rail will move outward to both sides along the horizontal direction. At the same time, due to the action of the resistance spring, the friction between the rebound rail and the guide shoe increases, which plays a role in slowing down the elevator.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the guide shoe 31 from falling down again after passing through the rebound rail when hitting the top, the lower end of the rebound rail is flush with the parallel section slide rail, and the upper end of the rebound rail is tilted inward to clamp the guide shoe on the upper part of the rebound rail.

Furthermore, the lower end of the deceleration ramp is flush with the parallel section slide rail, the middle section of the deceleration ramp is inclined inward, the angle between the two deceleration ramps is 3°＜β＜5°, and the upper sections of the two deceleration ramps are connected as a whole through a bridge-shaped connecting arch.

The technical effect of the present invention is that: since multiple traction steel wire ropes are used on the hoisting machine of the elevator, the breakage or detachment of a certain steel wire rope will not cause the cage to fall immediately, but when one of the traction steel wire ropes breaks, the load on the remaining steel wire ropes will increase, resulting in an increased risk of breakage. Therefore, a steel wire rope alarm device needs to be set to give a prompt, and a new traction steel wire rope should be replaced in time to ensure the safety protection capability of the elevator. Even if all the traction steel wire ropes are detached, causing the cage to fall, and the accompanying steel wire rope on the speed limiter slides relative to the safety clamp, the safety clamp can fix the cage in the current position.

For an elevator that has a roof collision accident, when the cage loses control and moves rapidly upward along the guide rail, the limit switch first detects that the cage position is abnormal and exceeds the highest point of the guide rail. In order to cope with the upward inertial impact force of the cage, at this time, the present invention provides a triple speed reduction protection measure and a secondary anti-fall measure. First, the limit switch sends a braking signal to the safety clamp to allow the safety clamp to brake itself; second, the guide shoe installed on the upper layer of the cage passes upward through the rebound rail. Since the rebound rail is installed on the pressure-touch rebounder, it is subjected to the horizontal inward force of the resistance spring. During the process of the guide shoe passing through the rebound rail, friction between the rebound rail and the guide shoe occurs. The force increases, which has the effect of slowing down the cage; thirdly, when the cage continues to slide upward to the deceleration inclined rail section, due to the angle between the inclined rails on both sides, the distance between the guide rails on both sides gradually decreases, so that the guide shoes on both sides are gradually squeezed toward the middle and lower side by increasing force, further slowing down the upward speed of the cage; fourthly, after the guide shoes on both sides of the cage have completely passed through the rebound rail, the rebound rail will return to its original position. Since the top of the rebound rail was originally not flush with the parallel section of the slide rail, and the distance between the rebound rails on both sides is smaller than the distance between the parallel section of the slide rails on both sides, the guide shoe will be stuck above the rebound rail, preventing the cage from falling again after hitting the top, thus playing a role of secondary protection.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of the lift in the present invention;

FIG2 is a front view of the hoist cage of the elevator in the present invention when it is in a normal position;

FIG3 is a partial enlarged view of the wire rope alarm device of the present invention;

FIG4 is a front view of the hoist cage of the elevator according to the present invention moving to the rebound rail;

5 is a front view of the hoist cage of the elevator according to the present invention moving to the deceleration ramp.

In the figure, 1. traction machine, 2. wire rope alarm device, 3. cage, 4. guide slide rail, 5. speed limiter, 11. traction wheel, 12. beam, 20. base plate, 21. anti-fall sensor, 22. balance plate, 23. spring plate, 24. alarm shaft, 26. hollow limit shaft, 27. compression spring, 28. change-of-direction pulley, 31. guide shoe, 32. safety clamp, 33. traction pulley, 34. traction wire rope, 31. guide shoe, 40. anti-collision slide rail, 41. parallel section slide rail, 42. rebound rail, 43. deceleration inclined rail, 44. bridge-shaped connecting arch, 45. limit switch, 421. pressure-touch rebounder, 422. resistance spring, 51. accompanying wire rope.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 .

Figure 1 shows the overall structure of the elevator, which includes: a beam 12 for carrying a traction machine 1, a wire rope alarm device 2 installed above the beam 12, a cage 3 arranged below the traction machine 1, guide rails 4 symmetrically laid on both sides of the cage 3, and a plurality of traction wire ropes 34 for connecting the traction machine 1 and the cage 3; wherein, the traction machine 1 is provided with a traction wheel 11 capable of winding the traction wire rope 34, and a traction pulley 33 is provided on the top of the cage 3, and the traction wire rope 34 is led out from the traction wheel 11 to the lower part of the traction pulley 33, and then connected upward to the wire rope alarm device 2.

The cage 3 is clamped between the guide rails 4 on both sides by the guide shoes 31 and the safety clamps 32 installed on both sides. A group of guide shoes 31 is arranged at the upper and lower parts. One end of the safety clamp 32 is fixed under the lower guide shoe 31, and the other end of the safety clamp 32 is fixed on the accompanying wire rope 51 of the speed limiter 5; the safety clamp 32 can receive signals from the accompanying wire rope 51.

Figures 2, 4 and 5 respectively illustrate the states of various components of the elevator cage in three situations during the top rushing process. The guide slide rail 4 includes: two parallel section slide rails 41 arranged parallel to each other, and an anti-collision slide rail 40 installed above the parallel section slide rails 41; wherein the anti-collision slide rail 40 includes: a rebound rail 42 fixed above the parallel section slide rail 41, and a deceleration inclined rail 43 located above the rebound rail 42. A limit switch 45 is provided at the joint between the parallel section slide rail 41 and the rebound rail 42, and the limit switch 45 can send a braking signal to the safety clamp 32.

The rebound rail 42 is installed on the pressure-touch rebound device 421, and a resistance spring 422 is provided in the pressure-touch rebound device 421. When the guide shoe 31 passes through the rebound rail 42, the rebound rail 42 will move outward to both sides along the horizontal direction; the lower end of the rebound rail 42 is flush with the parallel section slide rail 41, and the upper end of the rebound rail 42 is inclined inward.

The lower end of the deceleration ramp 43 is flush with the parallel section slide rail 41, the middle section of the deceleration ramp 43 is inclined inward, the angle between the two deceleration ramps 43 is 3°＜β＜5°, and the upper sections of the two deceleration ramps 43 are connected as a whole through a bridge-shaped connecting arch 44.

Figure 3 illustrates the alarm structure of the wire rope alarm device. The wire rope alarm device 2 includes: a base plate 20 placed horizontally above the sky beam 12, a spring plate 23 vertically installed on the upper part of the base plate 20, a balance plate 22 horizontally installed above the spring plate 23, an anti-fall sensor 21 fixedly arranged on one side of the spring plate 23, a plurality of alarm shafts 24 arranged on the other side of the spring plate 23, and a traction wire rope 34 connected below the alarm shaft 24.

The alarm shaft 24 is set through the base plate 20, the end with a larger diameter on the alarm shaft 24 is located between the base plate 20 and the balance plate 22, and the end with a smaller diameter on the alarm shaft 24 is located below the base plate 20. The end with a smaller diameter on the alarm shaft 24 is sleeved with a hollow limit shaft 26 fixedly installed below the base plate 20, and a compression spring 27 is provided in the hollow limit shaft 26, which is sleeved on the end with a smaller diameter of the alarm shaft 24. A plurality of traction wire ropes 34 drawn from the lower part of the traction pulley 33 are respectively connected to the lower end of each alarm shaft 24; wherein, the upper end of the compression spring 27 acts on the stepped lower end surface of the large end of the alarm shaft 24, and the lower end of the compression spring 27 acts on the stepped hole in the hollow limit shaft 26. The anti-fall sensor 21, the alarm shaft 24 and the balance plate 22 are not in contact when the elevator is operating normally.

Working principle: When a traction wire rope 34 on the elevator breaks or detaches, the alarm shaft 24 connected to the traction wire rope 34 loses traction, and under the reverse action of the compression spring 27, it jumps upward from the hollow limit shaft 26, and the top touches the lower end of the balance plate 22, so that the balance plate 22 is tilted upward around the spring plate 23. The spring plate 23 is made of a thin spring steel plate that is easy to deform elastically. The other end of the balance plate 22 touches downward to the top of the anti-fall sensor 21, so that the anti-fall sensor 21 sends a braking signal to the safety clamp 32, ensuring that the cage 3 stops at the current position and waits for further maintenance.

When the cage 3 on the elevator hits the top, the cage 3 will quickly slide upward to the top of the guide slide rail 4. At this time, the limit switch 45 detects that the cage position is abnormal, and the limit switch 45 sends a braking signal to the safety clamp 32 to allow the safety clamp 32 to brake by itself; if the cage 3 cannot be braked quickly and continues to rush upward, it will pass through the rebound rail 42. After the rebound rail 42 is acted upon by the guide shoe 31, it moves outward in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the resistance spring 422 increases the friction between the rebound rail 42 and the guide shoe 31, further slowing down the cage; if the cage 3 still cannot stop rushing upward, it will continue to move upward to the deceleration ramp 43. Due to the existence of the angle β of the deceleration ramp 43, the guide shoes 31 on both sides of the cage 3 are further squeezed toward the middle and lower part until the guide shoes 31 stop moving upward. After the cage 3 loses its upward momentum, it may slide downward. At this time, the rebound rail 42 has returned to its original position under the action of the resistance spring 422, and is stuck under the guide shoe 31, preventing the cage 3 from falling.

It should be noted that the guide rails 4 laid in the elevator shaft where the elevator is installed are not laid all at once, but as the building gradually rises, the parallel section rails 41 are laid layer by layer on both sides of the cage 3. For each additional layer of parallel section rails 41, the original rebound rails 42 and deceleration ramps 43 need to be removed and then laid upwards to ensure the safety of the elevator during the construction of that layer.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An elevator with an anti-fall anti-impact safety alarm linkage, the elevator comprising: the hoisting machine comprises a ceiling beam (12) for bearing a traction machine (1), a steel wire rope alarm device (2) arranged above the ceiling beam (12), a suspension cage (3) arranged below the traction machine (1), guide sliding rails (4) symmetrically paved on two sides of the suspension cage (3), and a plurality of traction steel wire ropes (34) for connecting the traction machine (1) and the suspension cage (3);

wherein, a traction sheave (11) capable of winding a traction wire rope (34) is arranged on the traction machine (1), a traction pulley (33) is arranged at the top of the cage (3), the traction wire rope (34) is led out from the traction sheave (11) to the lower part of the traction pulley (33) and then is upwards connected to the wire rope alarm device (2);

The lifting cage (3) is clamped between the guide sliding rails (4) at the two sides through guide shoes (31) and safety tongs (32) which are arranged at the two sides, the guide shoes (31) are respectively provided with a group up and down, one end of the safety tongs (32) is fixed below the lower guide shoes (31), and the other end of the safety tongs (32) is fixed on a following steel wire rope (51) of the speed limiter (5);

the safety tongs (32) can receive signals from the following steel wire rope (51);

The steel wire rope alarm device (2) comprises: a base plate (20) transversely arranged above the roof beam (12), a spring plate (23) vertically arranged at the upper part of the base plate (20), a balance plate (22) horizontally arranged above the spring plate (23), an anti-falling sensor (21) fixedly arranged at one side of the spring plate (23), a plurality of alarm shafts (24) arranged at the other side of the spring plate (23), and a traction steel wire rope (34) connected below the alarm shafts (24);

The alarm shaft (24) penetrates through the base plate (20), one end of the alarm shaft (24) with a larger diameter is located between the base plate (20) and the balance plate (22), one end of the alarm shaft (24) with a smaller diameter is located below the base plate (20), one end of the alarm shaft (24) with a smaller diameter is sleeved with a hollow limiting shaft (26) fixedly installed below the base plate (20), a pressure spring (27) sleeved at one end of the alarm shaft (24) with a smaller diameter is arranged in the hollow limiting shaft (26), and a plurality of traction steel wire ropes (34) led out from the lower part of the traction pulley (33) are respectively connected to the lower end of each alarm shaft (24);

The upper end of the pressure spring (27) acts on the stepped lower end face of the large end of the alarm shaft (24), and the lower end of the pressure spring (27) acts on a stepped hole in the hollow limiting shaft (26).

2. The lift with fall and impact safety alarm linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that the fall sensor (21) and the alarm shaft (24) are not in contact with the balance plate (22) during normal operation of the lift.

3. The elevator with the anti-falling anti-collision safety alarm linkage device according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the alarm shaft (24) is fixedly provided with a turning pulley (28), and any traction steel wire rope (34) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the alarm shaft (24) after bypassing the turning pulley (28).

4. Elevator with anti-fall anti-impact safety alarm linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide slide (4) comprises: two parallel section sliding rails (41) which are arranged in parallel with each other, and an anti-impact sliding rail (40) which is arranged above the parallel section sliding rails (41);

Wherein, scour protection slide rail (40) includes: the device comprises a rebound rail (42) fixed above a parallel section sliding rail (41), a deceleration inclined rail (43) positioned above the rebound rail (42), and a limit switch (45) arranged at the butt joint of the parallel section sliding rail (41) and the rebound rail (42), wherein the limit switch (45) can send a braking signal to a safety tongs (32).

5. The elevator with anti-drop, anti-pop safety warning linkage according to claim 4, characterized in that the rebound rail (42) is mounted on a pressure contact rebound device (421), a resistance spring (422) is arranged in the pressure contact rebound device (421), and the rebound rail (42) moves outwards along the horizontal direction when the guide shoe (31) passes the rebound rail (42).

6. The elevator with anti-fall anti-impact safety warning linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower end of the rebound rail (42) is flush with the parallel section slide rail (41) and the upper end of the rebound rail (42) is inclined inwardly.

7. The elevator with the anti-falling and anti-collision safety alarm linkage device according to claim 4, wherein the lower end of the deceleration inclined rail (43) is flush with the parallel section sliding rail (41), the middle section of the deceleration inclined rail (43) is inclined inwards, an included angle between the deceleration inclined rails (43) at two sides is 3 degrees less than beta less than 5 degrees, and the upper sections of the deceleration inclined rails (43) at two sides are connected into a whole through a bridge-shaped connecting arch (44).