CN115069543B - Gangue intelligent sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gangue screening, in particular to an intelligent gangue sorting device. Comprises a supporting component, a sorting component and a driving mechanism; the support component comprises a base, an upright post, a fixed plate, a movable column and a baffle plate; the movable column is slidably arranged on the right side of the base; the baffle is telescopic; the sorting assembly comprises a screen frame, a moving structure, a flow guiding frame and a supporting plate; the screen frames are distributed vertically, each screen frame comprises a screen, and the diameters of the meshes of the screen are distributed from top to bottom to form an arithmetic progression reduction; the driving mechanism is configured to enable the rotating speed of the driving mechanism to reach a preset maximum value when the coal gangue discharging amount on the screen frame reaches the preset peak value, and enable the driving mechanism to drive the right fixing plate and the screen to enable the vibration frequency and the movement amplitude to reach the maximum value. The sorting device improves the intelligent automatic sorting efficiency of the multi-stage gangue, reduces the production cost, and further improves the practicality of intelligent sorting vibration and screening of the device.

Description

An intelligent sorting device for coal gangue

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent separation of coal gangue, and in particular to an intelligent separation device for coal gangue.

Background technique

The National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources, and the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued a notice on the "Guiding Opinions on Coal Mine Filling and Mining" in 2013 (Guoneng Coal [2013] No. 19), requiring that in order to promote the reform of coal production methods, the "three "Under buildings, under railways, under water bodies, etc., the same below) resource mining issues such as coal pressure and leftover coal, improve the level of development and utilization of coal resources, improve the environment of mining areas, promote the healthy development of the coal industry, and build a harmonious society, Study and formulate guidance on coal mine filling and mining work. The opinions of the National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology [2014] No. 571 on promoting the safe and green development and clean and efficient utilization of coal require vigorous development of coal washing and processing. Based on the above reasons, in order to reduce the cost of washing and processing, improve the economic benefits of the enterprise, relieve manual workers from the heavy manual selection work, improve the working environment, and reduce safety hazards, it is necessary to upgrade the factory's manual hand selection to mechanical waste removal.

The main characteristics of the existing coal gangue sorting equipment are: first, the structure is composed of complex machinery, and the requirements for motion accuracy and stability are too high; second, the failure modes are diverse and complex. The transmission system, complex and changeable application environment, etc. make the failure mode complicated; third, the operation and maintenance cost is high and difficult. Coal mines regularly inspect and maintain mechanical equipment such as separators, which often set a long downtime, which directly affects coal mining. economic and social benefits. During operation, a dedicated duty team is required to carry out multi-area manual duty, and a professional maintenance team needs to be established, the cost of which even exceeds the equipment itself.

Furthermore, with the continuous development of intelligent mining technology in our country, a large number of coal gangue sorting equipment have been put into operation, and the operating conditions have become increasingly complex. The reliability of the equipment is often the decisive factor in the economic operation of mining operations. However, the existing coal gangue sorting equipment is too complex in structure, has poor screening effect on coal gangue, and is easy to block the screen. It cannot achieve efficient and intelligent treatment of coal gangue on the basis of rational utilization of resources. The purpose of sorting.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above existing technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent coal gangue sorting device. The reasonable structure design of the sorting device improves the efficiency of intelligent automatic sorting of multi-stage coal gangue. The motor is reasonably driven, saving electric energy, reducing the production cost of working conditions enterprises, and further improving the practicality of the device's intelligent sorting vibration and screening. sex.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An intelligent sorting device for coal gangue, including a support component, a sorting component and a driving mechanism;

The support assembly includes a base, a column, a fixed plate, a moving column and a baffle; the base is horizontally distributed on the left and right sides; there are two upright columns, and they are arranged vertically on the left side of the base; the moving column There are two fixed plates, and they are arranged vertically on the right side of the base. The movable column and the upright column can slide relative to each other; there are two fixed plates, and they are respectively disposed between the two upright columns and the two movable columns. ; The upright column and the moving column are both provided with vertically distributed chutes; the fixed plate located on one side of the upright column is also provided with a plurality of discharge ports distributed at intervals; the baffles are two distributed front and back, and They are all arranged between the upright column and the baffle, and make the baffle retractable;

The sorting assembly includes a screen frame, a mobile structure, a flow guide frame and a support plate; there are multiple screen frames distributed up and down, and each of the screen frames includes a screen mesh, and a plurality of screen mesh meshes. The distribution of hole diameters from top to bottom decreases in an arithmetic sequence; there are multiple flow guide frames, and a sorting port is also provided on each flow guide frame; and one end of each flow guide frame is connected to the screen above The frame is hinged through a movable structure, and the other end is hinged to the screen frame below through the movable structure; multiple screen frames and multiple guide frames are alternately arranged and distributed in a "zig-zag" shape, and one screen frame is connected to the adjacent lower screen frame. The guide frame forms a first-level sorting system; the mobile structure moves up and down along the chute, and then drives multiple screens and guide frames to move up and down and vibrate; the support plate is a solid structure and is tilted at the most Below the lower deflector;

The driving mechanism is an eccentric structure and is arranged on the base and is located on the right side of the moving column and remains in constant contact with the fixed plate on the right side; the driving mechanism is configured to act as a coal filter on the screen frame. When the gangue cutting amount reaches the preset peak value, the rotation speed of the driving mechanism will reach the preset maximum value, causing the driving mechanism to drive the right fixed plate and the screen, and the vibration frequency and movement amplitude will reach the maximum value.

As a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a turntable and an eccentric piece; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the base; the turntable is arranged above the driving motor, and the two are connected by an eccentric piece; The turntable is always in contact with the fixed plate on the right side; the turntable is also provided with a moving groove; the eccentric is slidably provided in the moving groove; and is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor; and enables the driving motor to The higher the rotational speed, the greater the movement of the eccentric part, which in turn drives the right fixed plate to move greater and the vibration frequency is also greater.

With this arrangement, the drive motor drives the rotation of the eccentric piece, and then the turntable rotates in the manner of an eccentric wheel under the movement of the eccentric piece. The higher the speed of the drive motor, the greater the movement of the eccentric piece, and thus during the rotation process , the larger the rotating area covered by the turntable (the larger the radius), the greater the movement of the fixed plate on the right side of the turntable will be driven by the turntable, and the greater the vibration frequency of the fixed plate on the right side of the turntable pile foundation; further, that is, The greater the vibration to the screen and the deflector, the greater the up and down movement of the screen, and the frequency of vibration and shaking of the screen also increases, resulting in a stronger screening effect on coal gangue materials.

In a further preferred embodiment, the eccentric member includes a square shaft sleeve, a motor shaft hole, a limiting column and a compression spring; the square shaft sleeve is square and is slidably disposed in the moving groove; the motor shaft hole It is arranged at the center of the square shaft sleeve and is used to fixedly connect the output shaft of the driving motor and keep the two synchronously rotating; the limit posts are two symmetrically distributed and are respectively arranged on the square shaft sleeve. The left and right side walls of the moving groove; the inner wall of the moving groove is also provided with a groove suitable for the sliding of the limiting column; one end of the compression spring is provided on the inner wall of the moving groove, and the other end is connected to the square bushing, so that when driving At different rotational speeds of the motor, the amount by which the square shaft sleeve moves and compresses the compression spring is also different.

The purpose of this setting is to keep the position of the driving motor unchanged. By setting the eccentric piece, the square shaft sleeve will be driven to move in the moving groove, thereby forming an eccentric structure of the turntable. The greater the distance the square shaft sleeve moves by the compression spring, the greater the movement distance of the square shaft sleeve. The greater the eccentric position, the greater the push to the right fixed plate, ensuring the push effect to the right fixed plate, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the screen, which has the effect of vibrating or turning up the gangue material, and thus The vibration frequency and amplitude simultaneously improve the device's intelligent sorting effect on coal gangue.

As a preferred embodiment, the discharge port is also provided with a blocking plate that can slide left and right, so that the screen can complete the blocking of the discharge port when screening coal gangue; the discharge port is There are also guide plates with inclined distribution on the left and right and low on the right. The purpose of this setting is that the gangue material enters the intelligent sorting device from the right side of the uppermost screen. Due to the inclined structure of the uppermost screen, when the right fixed plate moves to drive the screen to vibrate, it may There is a problem that some materials are discharged directly from the corresponding outlet at the top without going through multi-stage screening, resulting in poor sorting effect; and then through the movable blocking plate, after the upper-level sorting system vibrates and screens for a preset time , the external air pump drives the blocking plate to open to achieve coal gangue separation; the lower-level sorting system circulates in this way to facilitate the classification and recovery of coal gangue.

As a preferred embodiment, the moving structure includes a first shaft section, a second shaft section, a third shaft section, a sliding piece and a fastening bolt; the first shaft section is a cylindrical structure and is used to connect the screen Frame and flow guide frame; the second section shafts are two symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first section shaft, and the second section shafts have a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the second section shafts and the chute can slide up and down to match. Installation; There are two third-section shafts, and they are respectively provided at both ends of the second-section shaft, and the third-section shaft is provided with threads; the sliding member is provided between the second-section shaft and the third-section shaft. The connection point of the three-section shaft is in sliding contact with the upright column and the moving column; the fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the third-section shaft to complete the fastening of the sliding part.

In this way, the connection between the screen frame and the guide frame is realized through the first section of the shaft, and the screen frame and the guide frame are ensured to have sufficient rotation effect; at the same time, the second section of the shaft is set to a rectangular parallelepiped structure, in order to ensure that the second section The shaft can only move up and down in the chute to ensure the guiding effect and prevent the moving structure from rotating and affecting the screening effect of the screen; then during the reciprocating movement of the fixed plate on the right side, the screen frame and guide frame will be driven Vibration speeds up the screening of coal gangue.

In a further preferred embodiment, the sliding member includes a pressure plate, a protective frame, and a roller; an annular hole is provided in the center of the pressure plate, and is sleeved and installed on the third section of the shaft; grooves are provided on both sides of the pressure plate, and grooves are provided in the grooves. A fixed shaft is provided; the roller is rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft, and the outer surface of the roller protrudes from the groove; the protective frames are two symmetrically arranged, and are respectively covered on the outside of the groove of the pressure plate. , the protective frame and the pressure plate are also fixed by bolts.

The purpose of this arrangement is to first set the pressure plate on the third section of the shaft, and then complete the fastening and positioning of the pressure plate through the fastening bolts. In this way, the fastening between the two ends of the moving structure and the moving column is completed, thereby making the device internal The inclined distribution of the screen frame and guide frame provides stable support; and by setting up a roller structure, the traditional surface sliding contact is changed to rolling contact, which improves the sliding effect of the mobile structure.

In a further preferred embodiment, each of the screen frames has a structure with a lower left side and a higher right side, and further includes a first support frame, a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole; there are two first support frames, and is provided on both sides of the screen; the first shaft hole is provided at one end of the first support frame, and is rotatably connected to the first section of the moving structure on the left side; the second shaft hole is provided The right end of the screen is used to rotate the first shaft section of the moving structure on the right side; the outlet corresponds to the lower end of the screen frame.

With this arrangement, the screen is fixedly connected to the first support frame, and the first shafts of the moving structures on the left and right sides are respectively connected through the first axis hole and the second axis hole, thereby realizing the connection between the adjacent screen frame and the guide frame. connection to facilitate vibration screening of coal gangue feed.

In a further preferred embodiment, each of the flow guide frames has a structure with a high left and a low right as a whole, and includes a guide plate and a second support frame; the guide plates are distributed obliquely, and a third axis hole is provided at the left end. It is used to rotate with the adjacent upper first support frame and is connected to the first section of the moving structure on the left side; the right end of the second support frame is provided with a fourth axis hole, which is used to rotate with the adjacent lower screen. The first section of the shaft is rotatably connected to the moving structure on the right side; and the second support frames are two symmetrically arranged and are arranged on both sides of the deflector; and the two second support frames and the right side of the deflector are The side enclosure forms the sorting opening.

The purpose of this setting is that the presence of the deflector can increase the amount of coal gangue screening in a single pass. The coal gangue is screened by the screen, the large particle size is blocked by the screen, and the small particle size coal gangue falls and passes through. The guide plate guides the flow from the sorting port on the right to the lower-level sorting system. The guide plate increases the coal gangue screening stroke, and then the screening amount of coal gangue on the screen will increase, improving the operating efficiency.

As a preferred embodiment, a sliding structure is provided between the moving column and the base; the sliding structure includes a sliding block and a sliding groove; the sliding blocks are two symmetrically arranged, and are respectively provided at the lower ends of the two moving columns. ; The sliding block has a T-shaped structure; the sliding grooves are two symmetrically arranged, and both are arranged on the upper end surface of the base; and the sliding block is matched and installed with the sliding groove.

With this arrangement, the fixed plate on the right side is fixedly connected to the moving columns at both ends. By setting the sliding structure, it is convenient for the fixed plate on the right side to perform reciprocating linear motion under the rotation of the turntable; the sliding groove is set to cooperate with the sliding block to provide good guidance. effect.

As a preferred embodiment, the baffle includes a first plate, a second plate and a spring; the left side of the first plate is fixedly connected to the column, and a telescopic groove is provided on the right side; the right end of the second plate is connected to The moving column is snap-fitted and installed, and the left end is sleeved and installed in the telescopic groove; the springs are a plurality of evenly distributed ones, one end of each spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second plate; and Maintaining the initial state, the spring is at its original length, and the distance between the upright column and the moving column is the largest.

The purpose of this setting is that firstly, the baffles are in contact with the side walls of the screen frame and the guide frame to ensure that the gangue feed can only be screened through the sorting system step by step to prevent spillage; secondly, the connection between the upright column and the moving column is The distance between them is constantly changing. In order to cooperate with the movement of the moving column, the baffle is set into a telescopic structure, which improves the stability of the device for intelligent sorting of coal gangue.

The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are: on the basis of the above-mentioned analysis of beneficial effects, the separation device has a reasonable structural design and is easy to maintain. By setting the driving structure, it can realize the operation of coal gangue on the screen frame. When the material volume reaches the preset peak value, the rotation speed of the driving mechanism will reach the preset maximum value, causing the driving mechanism to drive the right fixed plate and the screen. The vibration frequency and movement amplitude will reach the maximum value, which improves the intelligence of multi-stage coal gangue. The working efficiency of automated sorting avoids clogging of the screen; when the gangue feed increases, the motor speed increases, and when the feed decreases, the motor speed decreases. Reasonable driving saves electricity and reduces the production costs of enterprises under working conditions. The mobile structure is further set up to ensure the vibration and turning effects of the coal gangue feeding on the screen, further improving the practicality and efficiency of the device's intelligent sorting vibration and screening.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting any creative effort.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of part A in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of part B in Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the sorting assembly of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the mobile structure of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the flow guide frame of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the screen frame of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a partial structural perspective view of the eccentric member of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the baffle of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a structural diagram of the blocking plate of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Support component, 11. Base, 12. Column, 13. Fixed plate, 14. Moving column, 15. Baffle, 151. First plate, 152. Second plate, 153. Spring, 154. Telescopic Groove, 16. Chute, 17. Discharge port, 18. Blocking plate, 19. Guide plate, 2. Sorting component, 21. Screen frame, 211. Screen, 22. Mobile structure, 23. Diversion Frame, 231. Sorting port, 24. Support plate, 3. Driving mechanism, 31. Driving motor, 32. Turntable, 33. Eccentric piece, 34. Moving groove, 35. Square bushing, 36. Motor shaft hole, 37 , Limiting column, 38. Compression spring, 41. First section of shaft, 42. Second section of shaft, 43. Third section of shaft, 44. Slider, 441. Pressure plate, 442. Protective frame, 443. Roller, 444. Fixed shaft, 45. Fastening bolts, 51. First support frame, 52. First shaft hole, 53. Second shaft hole, 61. Deflector, 62. Second support frame, 63. Third shaft Hole, 64. Fourth axis hole, 7. Sliding structure, 71. Sliding block, 72. Sliding groove.

Implementation

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected or set, or it can be Detachably connected and set, or integrally connected and set. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-Figure 11:

An intelligent coal gangue sorting device includes a support component 1, a sorting component 2 and a driving mechanism 3. The sorting device has a reasonable structure design and is easy to maintain. The support assembly 1 includes a base 11, a column 12, a fixed plate 13, a moving column 14 and a baffle 15. The base 11 is distributed horizontally around the base 11 and plays a role of stable support. There are two upright columns 12 distributed symmetrically forward and backward, and are arranged vertically on the left side of the base 11. In this embodiment, the upright columns and the base are fixed by welding.

There are also two movable columns 14 symmetrically distributed front and back, and are arranged vertically on the right side of the base 11 , and the movable columns 14 and the base can slide relative to each other. Furthermore, a sliding structure 7 is provided between the moving column 14 and the base 11 . The sliding structure 7 includes a sliding block 71 and a sliding groove 72; the sliding blocks 71 are two symmetrically arranged, and are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the two moving columns 14; the sliding block 71 is a T-shaped structure; the sliding grooves 72 are two symmetrically arranged. , and are all arranged on the upper end surface of the base 11; and the sliding block 71 and the sliding groove 72 are matched and installed. In this way, the fixed plate 13 on the right side is fixedly connected to the moving columns 14 at both ends. By providing the sliding structure 7, it is convenient for the fixed plate 13 on the right side to perform reciprocating linear motion under the rotation of the turntable 32, and the sliding groove 72 and the sliding block 71 are provided. Cooperate and play a good guiding role.

In this embodiment, there are two fixed plates 13, and they are respectively arranged between the two upright columns 12 and the two movable columns 14; further, the left fixed plate 13 and the two upright columns are fixed by welding; the right fixed plate Page 13 and the two moving columns 14 are welded to form an integrated structure. Vertically distributed chutes 16 are provided on the outer walls of the upright column 12 and the movable column 14; the fixed plate 13 located on one side of the upright column 12 is also provided with a plurality of spaced discharge openings 17 for discharging materials; in this example In the embodiment, the coal gangue feed is arranged on the right side of the uppermost screen. There are two baffles 15 distributed front and back, and both are arranged between the upright column 12 and the baffle 15, making the baffles 15 retractable, thus ensuring the vibration effect and safety of coal gangue screening.

In this embodiment, the sorting assembly 2 includes a screen frame 21, a mobile structure 22, a flow guide frame 23 and a support plate 24. There are multiple screen racks 21 distributed up and down. Each screen rack 21 includes a screen mesh 211. The mesh diameters of the multiple screen meshes 211 decrease in an arithmetic sequence from top to bottom. Furthermore, the screen frame 21 is divided into two groups, and the corresponding flow guide frame 23 is also divided into two groups. The screen frame 21 and the flow guide frame 23 are hinged in a zigzag shape, forming a reciprocating vibration operation for coal gangue sorting.

There are multiple flow guide frames 23, and each flow guide frame 23 is also provided with a sorting port 231; and one end of each flow guide frame 23 is hinged to the upper screen frame 21 through the moving structure 22, and the other end is connected to the lower screen frame 23. The grid 21 is articulated through a moving structure 22 . A plurality of screen racks 21 and a plurality of guide racks 23 are arranged alternately and distributed in a zigzag shape, and one screen rack 21 and the adjacent lower guide rack 23 form a first-level sorting system.

In this embodiment, the uppermost screen and the adjacent lower guide plate form a primary sorting system; the lower screen and the adjacent lower guide plate form a secondary sorting system; the support plate 24 is an entity. structure, and is arranged obliquely below the bottom guide frame 23 . The support plate 24 serves as a three-stage sorting system; thus forming the intelligent sorting of coal gangue with three particle sizes in this embodiment. This embodiment is not limited to this, but can also realize multi-stage intelligent sorting of coal gangue by arranging multiple sets of screens and deflectors. The mobile structure 22 moves up and down along the chute 16, and then drives the plurality of screens 211 and the guide frame 23 to move up and down, thereby vibrating and turning the gangue up and down, and the screening effect is better.

In this embodiment, each screen frame 21 has a structure with a lower left side and a higher right side as a whole, and further includes a first support frame 51 , a first shaft hole 52 and a second shaft hole 53 . There are two first support frames 51 and they are arranged on both sides of the screen 211; the first shaft hole 52 is arranged at one end of the first support frame 51 and is rotatably connected to the first section shaft 41 of the left moving structure 22. The second shaft hole 53 is provided at the right end of the screen 211 for rotationally connecting the first section shaft 41 of the right moving structure 22 . The discharge port 17 corresponds to the lower end of the screen frame 21 . In this way, the screen 211 is fixedly connected to the first support frame 51, and is connected to the first section shaft 41 of the moving structure 22 on the left and right sides through the first axis hole 52 and the second axis hole 53 respectively, thereby realizing adjacent screens. The connection between the frame 21 and the guide frame 23 facilitates vibration screening of coal gangue feed.

In this embodiment, the moving structure 22 includes a first shaft section 41 , a second shaft section 42 , a third shaft section 43 , a sliding member 44 and a fastening bolt 45 . Furthermore, there are three groups of movable structures distributed up and down the vertical columns and movable columns. The first section of the shaft 41 has a cylindrical structure and is used to connect the screen frame 21 and the flow guide frame 23 and ensure rotation. There are two second-section shafts 42 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first-section shaft 41 , and the second-section shafts 42 have a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The second-section shafts 42 and the chute 16 can be slidably matched and installed up and down; the third section of the shaft 43 There are two, and they are respectively provided at both ends of the second section shaft 42, and the third section shaft 43 is provided with threads. In this embodiment, since the position of the driving motor is fixed, the rightward movement limit of the position of the right fixed plate is limited, resulting in a zigzag distribution of the screen frame and the flow guide frame as shown in the figure. The structure will not cause excessive sliding and dislocation of the mobile structure.

The sliding member 44 is provided at the connection between the second section shaft 42 and the third section shaft 43, and maintains sliding contact with the upright column 12 and the moving column 14; the fastening bolt 45 is threadedly connected to the third section shaft 43 to complete the sliding member 44 fastening. With this arrangement, the screen frame 21 and the flow guide frame 23 are connected through the first section of the shaft 41, and sufficient rotation effects of the screen frame 21 and the flow guide frame 23 are ensured. At the same time, the second section shaft 42 is provided with a rectangular parallelepiped structure to ensure that the second section shaft 42 can only move up and down in the chute 16 to ensure the guiding effect and prevent the moving structure 22 from rotating and affecting the screening effect of the screen 211.

Furthermore, during the reciprocating movement of the right fixed plate 13, the screen frame 21 and the guide frame 23 will be driven to vibrate up and down to speed up the screening operation of coal gangue with different particle sizes. In this embodiment, the sliding member 44 includes a pressure plate 441, a protective frame 442, and rollers 443. There is an annular hole in the center of the pressure plate 441, and it is sleeved and installed on the third section of the shaft 43, and the outer ring is square. There are grooves on both sides of the pressure plate 441, and a plurality of fixed shafts 444 distributed up and down are provided in the grooves. The roller 443 is rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft 444, and the outer surface of the roller 443 protrudes from the groove, that is, the roller 443 is in rolling contact with the outer side wall of the moving column. There are two protective frames 442 arranged symmetrically, and they are respectively covered on the outside of the groove of the pressure plate 441, and the two are also connected and fixed by bolts.

The purpose of this arrangement is to first set the pressure plate 441 on the third section of the shaft 43, and then complete the fastening and positioning of the pressure plate 441 through the fastening bolts 45, thus completing the fastening between the two ends of the moving structure 22 and the moving column 14. , thereby providing stable support for the inclined distribution of the screen frame 21 and the flow guide frame 23 in the device. By arranging the roller 443 structure, the traditional surface sliding contact is changed to rolling contact, which improves the sliding effect of the moving structure 22 and further improves the screening efficiency of the device.

In this embodiment, each air guide frame 23 has a structure with a high left side and a low right side as a whole, and includes a air guide plate 61 and a second support frame 62 . The deflector 61 is distributed obliquely, and a third shaft hole 63 is provided at the left end for rotationally connecting the first section shaft 41 of the left moving structure 22 together with the adjacent upper first support frame 51 . The right end of the second support frame 62 is provided with a fourth shaft hole 64 for rotatably connecting the first section shaft 41 of the right moving structure 22 together with the adjacent lower screen 211 . There are two second support frames 62 arranged symmetrically, and are arranged on both sides of the guide plate 61 .

The two second support frames 62 and the right side of the guide plate 61 form a sorting port 231 . The purpose of this arrangement is that the existence of the guide plate 61 can increase the amount of coal gangue screening in a single pass. The coal gangue is screened by the screen 211, and the large particle size is blocked by the screen 211, and the small particle size coal gangue falls. , and is guided by the guide plate 61 and then falls into the lower-level sorting system from the sorting port 231 on the right side. The guide plate 61 increases the coal gangue screening stroke, and then the screening amount of coal gangue on the screen 211 will increase. increase, improving work efficiency.

At the same time, the guide plate 61 guides the coal gangue materials with smaller particle sizes dropped from the screen 211 to the sorting port 231 of the same level, that is, from the sorting port 231 to the highest end of the lower screen 211, it falls. The gangue material slides from the highest end to the lowest end of the lower screen 211, and can go through a complete vibration screening process of the lower screen 211 to ensure that the gangue material experiences a long enough screen vibration screening path, thereby increasing the size of the same particle size The range of coal gangue screening is complete and the material screening is more thorough.

In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 3 is an eccentric structure and is arranged on the base 11 and is located on the right side of the moving column 14 and remains in constant contact with the right fixed plate 13 . The driving mechanism 3 is configured such that when the amount of coal gangue on the screen frame 21 reaches a preset peak value, the rotational speed of the driving mechanism 3 will reach a preset maximum value, and the driving mechanism 3 will drive the right fixed plate 13 and the screen 211 , the vibration frequency and movement amplitude both reach the maximum value.

In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 3 includes a driving motor 31 , a turntable 32 and an eccentric 33 . The driving motor 31 is fixedly installed on the base 11 . The turntable 32 is arranged above the driving motor 31, and the two are connected through the eccentric member 33; the turntable 32 is always in contact with the right fixed plate 13; the turntable 32 is also provided with a moving groove 34; the eccentric member 33 is slidably provided on The moving groove 34 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 31, so that the higher the rotational speed of the driving motor 31, the greater the movement of the eccentric 33, which drives the right fixed plate 13 to move larger, and the vibration frequency increases. The bigger.

With this arrangement, the driving motor 31 drives the rotation of the eccentric member 33, and then the movement of the eccentric member 33 causes the turntable 32 to rotate in an eccentric manner, so that the higher the rotational speed of the driving motor 31, the greater the movement of the eccentric member 33. , and during the rotation process, the larger the rotation area (the radius is also larger) covered by the turntable 32, the greater the movement of the right fixed plate 13 will be driven by the turntable 32, and the vibration of the right fixed plate 13 of the right side of the pile foundation of the turntable 32 will The frequency is also greater; furthermore, that is, the greater the vibration to the screen 211 and the deflector 61, the greater the amplitude of the up and down movement of the screen 211, and the frequency of vibration and shaking of the screen 211 also increases, forming an opposite Stronger screening effect for coal gangue materials.

In this embodiment, the eccentric member 33 includes a square sleeve 35, a motor shaft hole 36, a limiting column 37 and a compression spring 38. The square bushing 35 is square and is slidably disposed in the moving groove 34 . The motor shaft hole 36 is provided at the center of the square shaft sleeve 35 for fixedly connecting the output shaft of the driving motor 31 and keeping the two rotating synchronously. There are two symmetrically distributed limit posts 37, and they are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the square shaft sleeve 35; the inner wall of the moving groove 34 is also provided with a groove adapted to the sliding movement of the limit posts 37; it serves as a guide and a limiter. . One end of the compression spring 38 is disposed on the inner wall of the moving groove 34, and the other end is connected to the square sleeve 35, so that at different rotational speeds of the drive motor 31, the amount by which the square sleeve 35 moves and compresses the compression spring 38 is also different.

The purpose of this arrangement is that the position of the driving motor 31 is fixed. By setting the eccentric piece 33, the square sleeve 35 will be driven to move in the moving groove 34, thereby forming an eccentric structure of the turntable 32. The square sleeve 35 compresses the moving distance of the compression spring 38. The larger, the greater the eccentric position of the square bushing 35, and thus the greater the pushing amplitude of the right fixed plate 13, ensuring the pushing effect of the right fixed plate 13, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the screen 211, and playing a role in The effect of vibration or upward turning of the gangue material thus improves the device's intelligent sorting effect of the gangue in terms of vibration frequency and amplitude.

work process:

In the initial state, the baffle 15 is at its original length, and the distance between the upright column 12 and the moving column 14 is the largest at this time; when the drive motor 31 is not started, the square shaft sleeve 35 is the same as the output shaft of the drive motor 31 and the turntable 32 axis; the compression spring 38 is at its original length.

The staff starts the drive motor 31, and then the drive motor 31 starts to rotate; at different speeds of the drive motor 31, the square sleeve 35 moves and compresses the compression spring 38 by different amounts; that is, the lower the speed of the drive motor 31, due to the The centrifugal force causes the square sleeve 35 to move and compress the compression spring 38 less. At this time, the turntable 32 has an eccentric cam structure. Then, the amplitude of the right fixed plate 13 being pushed by the turntable 32 is reduced, and the frequency is also low.

At this time, the main purpose is to deal with the situation where the coal gangue feed is less. The coal gangue feed falls into the right side of the uppermost screen 211, that is, the higher side of the screen 211. Then, under the foundation of the inclined structure, it cooperates with the right fixed plate 13 to drive the movable structure 22 on the movable column 14 to vibrate up and down, which in turn causes the hinge of the screen frame 21 and the guide frame 23 to move up and down, causing the screen 211 to pair Compared with the traditional simple vibration, the turning and vibration effects of coal gangue are more practical and can prevent the clogging of the mesh of screen 211.

Then, under the screening operation of the uppermost screen 211, the gangue materials with large particle sizes are retained, and the rest of the gangue materials will fall through the mesh holes. Furthermore, the remaining coal gangue with large particle size will slide downward as the vibration operation continues, and be discharged from the corresponding upper discharge port 17, and then be transported through an external conveyor belt and collected centrally. At the same time, the gangue material falling from the uppermost screen 211 will slide down from the sorting port 231 of the current level sorting system through the guide plate 61 and enter the lower level sorting system.

Then, the gangue material will be continuously screened by the adjacent lower screen 211 to complete the intelligent sorting of medium-sized gangue, and be discharged from the middle outlet 17, and then through the external conveyor belt. Transport and centralized recycling. At the same time, coal gangue materials with small particle sizes will fall through the screen 211 in the secondary sorting system, and then go down along the guide plate 61 of this stage, be sorted on the support plate 24, and pass through the outlet below. The material port 17 carries out centralized recycling processing, and then is transported and centralized recycled through an external conveyor belt. During this sorting process, the driving motor 31 drives the turntable 32 to rotate, and then continuously drives the right fixed plate 13 to move back and forth left and right, thereby realizing the up and down vibration of the screen 211 and the guide plate 61 to accelerate the screening operation of coal gangue.

When the coal gangue feeding amount on the screen frame 21 reaches the preset peak value, that is, when the coal gangue feeding amount is large, the staff will accelerate the rotation speed of the driving mechanism 3 to the maximum value. The most obvious change at this time is, The drive motor 31 rotates at a high speed, driving the square shaft sleeve 35 to rotate simultaneously at a high speed. Under the action of strong centrifugal force, the square shaft sleeve 35 moves along the moving groove 34 and the compression spring 38 reaches the maximum amount, that is, the turntable 32 is formed at this time. An eccentric structure with a maximum deflection radius.

The turntable 32 will push the left and right reciprocating movement of the right fixed plate 13 to the maximum value, and at the same time, the frequency of the left and right movement of the right fixed plate 13 will also be accelerated to the maximum; at this time, due to the high frequency and high amplitude of the right fixed plate 13, , moving to the right will cause the moving structure 22 on the moving column 14 to also vibrate at high frequency and realize high-amplitude up and down movement. As a result, the vibration frequency and movement amplitude of the screen 211 and the guide plate 61 reach the maximum value, speeding up the screening operation of coal gangue on the screen 211. Finally, the device's purpose of intelligent sorting of coal gangue was achieved.

Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the discharge port 17 is also provided with a blocking plate 18 that can slide left and right, so that the screen 211 can complete the sealing of the discharge port 17 during the coal gangue screening operation. Blocking. The discharge port 17 is also provided with a guide plate 19 that is inclined and distributed at a low left and a high right. The purpose of this setting is that when the gangue material enters the intelligent sorting device from the right side of the uppermost screen 211, due to the inclined structure of the uppermost screen 211, the movement of the fixed plate 13 on the right side drives the screen 211 to vibrate. During the process, the screen will be vibrated and the materials on the screen will be turned up. There may be some coal gangue materials that have not passed through multi-stage screening and are directly discharged from the outlet 17 corresponding to the uppermost screen frame, resulting in separation. Select questions that don’t work well. In order to solve this problem, a sealing plate 18 that can move left and right is set up. After the upper-level sorting system vibrates and screens for a preset time, the sealing plate 18 is automatically opened through an external air pump, and the intelligent classification of coal gangue with different particle sizes is gradually realized. Sorting and collection; and the lower-level sorting system cycles like this.

Embodiment 3: Based on Embodiment 2, the baffle 15 includes a first plate 151 , a second plate 152 and a spring 153 . The left side of the first plate 151 is fixedly connected to the upright column 12, and a telescopic slot 154 is provided on the right side. The right end of the second plate 152 is snap-fitted with the moving column 14 , and the left end is sleeved and mounted in the telescopic slot 154 . There are a plurality of springs 153 evenly distributed, one end of each spring 153 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic groove 154, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second plate 152. And when maintaining the initial state, the spring 153 is at its original length, and the distance between the upright column 12 and the moving column 14 is the largest. The purpose of this arrangement is that firstly, the baffle 15 is in contact with the side walls of the screen frame 21 and the guide frame 23 to ensure that the coal gangue feed can only be screened through the sorting system step by step to prevent spillage; secondly, the column 12 and The distance between the moving columns 14 is constantly changing. In order to cooperate with the movement of the moving columns 14, the baffle 15 is set into a telescopic structure, which improves the stability of the device for intelligent sorting of coal gangue.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent gangue sorting device is characterized in that: comprises a supporting component, a sorting component and a driving mechanism;

the support assembly comprises a base, an upright post, a fixed plate, a movable post and a baffle plate; the base is horizontally distributed left and right; the two upright posts are vertically distributed on the left side of the base; the two movable columns are vertically arranged on the right side of the base, and the movable columns and the upright columns can slide relatively; the two fixing plates are respectively arranged between the two upright posts and the two movable posts; the upright posts and the movable posts are provided with sliding grooves which are vertically distributed; a plurality of discharge holes which are distributed at intervals are also arranged on the fixed plate positioned at one side of the upright post; the baffle plates are two in front-back distribution, are arranged between the upright posts and the baffle plates, and are telescopic;

the sorting assembly comprises a screen frame, a moving structure, a flow guiding frame and a supporting plate; the screen frames are vertically distributed, each screen frame comprises a screen, and the diameters of the meshes of the screen are distributed from top to bottom to form an arithmetic progression reduction; the plurality of guide frames are provided, and each guide frame is also provided with a sorting opening; one end of each flow guiding frame is hinged with the screen frame above through a moving structure, and the other end of each flow guiding frame is hinged with the screen frame below through a moving structure; the screen frames and the diversion frames are alternately arranged and distributed in a shape of a Chinese character 'ji', and one screen frame and the diversion frame adjacent below form a first-stage separation system; the moving structure moves up and down along the chute, so as to drive the plurality of screens and the flow guiding frame to move up and down and vibrate; the supporting plate is of a solid structure and is obliquely arranged below the lowest flow guiding frame;

the driving mechanism is of an eccentric rotating structure, is arranged on the base, is positioned on the right side of the moving column, and is kept in contact with the right side fixing plate all the time; the driving mechanism is configured to enable the rotating speed of the driving mechanism to reach a preset maximum value when the coal gangue discharging amount on the screen frame reaches the preset peak value, and enable the driving mechanism to drive the right fixing plate and the screen to enable the vibration frequency and the movement amplitude to reach the maximum value.

2. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a turntable and an eccentric part; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the base; the turntable is arranged above the driving motor and is connected with the driving motor through an eccentric part; the turntable is always in contact with the right side fixing plate; a moving groove is also formed in the turntable; the eccentric piece is slidably arranged in the moving groove; and is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor; and the higher the rotating speed of the driving motor is, the larger the moving amount of the eccentric part is, and the larger the amplitude of driving the right fixed plate to move is, the larger the vibration frequency is.

3. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 2, wherein: the eccentric part comprises a square shaft sleeve, a motor shaft hole, a limit column and a pressure spring; the square shaft sleeve is square and is slidably arranged in the moving groove; the motor shaft hole is arranged at the center of the square shaft sleeve and is used for fixedly connecting an output shaft of the driving motor and keeping the two to rotate synchronously; the limiting columns are symmetrically distributed and are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the square shaft sleeve; the inner side wall of the movable groove is also provided with a groove which is matched with the limit column to slide; one end of the pressure spring is arranged on the inner wall of the movable groove, and the other end of the pressure spring is connected with the Fang Zhoutao, so that the amount of the square shaft sleeve for moving the compression pressure spring is different under different rotating speeds of the driving motor.

4. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 1, wherein: the discharge hole is also provided with a slidable plugging plate, so that the screen can plug the discharge hole when the screen screens coal gangue; the discharge port is also provided with guide plates which are distributed in a left-low and right-high inclined manner.

5. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 1, wherein: the moving structure comprises a first section shaft, a second section shaft, a third section shaft, a sliding piece and a fastening bolt; the first section shaft is of a cylindrical structure and is used for connecting the screen frame and the flow guiding frame; the second section shaft is symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first section shaft, and is of a cuboid structure, and the second section shaft and the sliding groove can be matched and installed in an up-down sliding manner; the number of the third section shafts is two, the third section shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the second section shaft, and threads are arranged on the third section shafts; the sliding piece is arranged at the joint of the second section shaft and the third section shaft, and keeps sliding contact with the upright post and the movable post; the fastening bolt is in threaded connection with the third section of shaft to complete the fastening of the slider.

6. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 5, wherein: the sliding piece comprises a pressing plate, a protective frame and rollers; the center of the pressing plate is provided with an annular hole, and the pressing plate is sleeved and installed on the third section shaft; grooves are formed in two sides of the pressing plate, and fixed shafts are arranged in the grooves; the roller is rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft, and the external surface of the roller protrudes out of the groove; the protection frame is two that the symmetry set up, and covers respectively in the groove outside of clamp plate, is fixed through bolted connection between protection frame and the clamp plate.

7. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 6, wherein: each screen frame is of a structure with a low left and a high right integrally, and further comprises a first supporting frame, a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole; the number of the first supporting frames is two, and the first supporting frames are arranged on two sides of the screen; the first shaft hole is arranged at one end of the first supporting frame and is rotationally connected with a first section shaft of the moving structure at the left side; the second shaft hole is arranged at the right end of the screen and is used for rotationally connecting the right side with the first section shaft of the moving structure.

8. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 7, wherein: each guide frame is integrally in a structure with high left and low right, and comprises a guide plate and a second supporting frame; the guide plates are obliquely distributed, and a third shaft hole is formed in the left end of the guide plates and used for being rotationally connected with a first section shaft of the moving structure on the left side along with a first supporting frame above the guide plates adjacently; the right end of the second supporting frame is provided with a fourth shaft hole which is used for rotating together with the screen cloth below the second supporting frame and is connected with the first section shaft of the right side moving structure; the second supporting frames are symmetrically arranged and are arranged on two sides of the guide plate; and the two second supporting frames and the right side of the guide plate are encircled to form the sorting opening.

9. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 1, wherein: a sliding structure is arranged between the movable column and the base; the sliding structure comprises a sliding block and a sliding groove; the sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged at the lower ends of the two moving columns respectively; the sliding block is of a T-shaped structure; the sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged and are arranged on the upper end face of the base; and the sliding block is matched with the sliding groove.

10. The intelligent gangue sorting device according to claim 1, wherein: the baffle comprises a first plate, a second plate and a spring; the left side of the first plate is fixedly connected with the upright post, and the right side of the first plate is provided with a telescopic groove; the right end of the second plate is in clamping and embedding installation with the movable column, and the left end of the second plate is sleeved and installed in the telescopic groove; the springs are uniformly distributed, one end of each spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the telescopic groove, and one end of each spring is fixedly connected with the second plate; and in the initial state, the spring is in the original length, and the distance between the upright post and the movable post is the largest.