CN115051077A - Battery pack heating device - Google Patents
Battery pack heating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115051077A CN115051077A CN202210851210.6A CN202210851210A CN115051077A CN 115051077 A CN115051077 A CN 115051077A CN 202210851210 A CN202210851210 A CN 202210851210A CN 115051077 A CN115051077 A CN 115051077A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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Abstract
本方案公开了电动汽车电源技术领域的一种电池组加热装置，包括加热系统；所述加热系统包括温控开关T2、温控开关T3、第一供电回路、第二供电回路和设置在电池组件内的加热板；第一供电回路、第二供电回路与加热板之间共同连接所述温控开关T2和温控开关T3；第二供电回路与电池组件之间设有手动开关。本装置设置了两条供电回路，可完美解决车辆全工况状态下的加热问题。同时具备自动加热和手动加热两种方式，使电池在低温环境下依然保持在适合温度范围内运行，保证电池良好的电性能，大大延续电池的使用寿命。
This solution discloses a battery pack heating device in the technical field of electric vehicle power supply, including a heating system; the heating system includes a temperature control switch T2, a temperature control switch T3, a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit, and a battery assembly disposed in the battery pack. The temperature control switch T2 and the temperature control switch T3 are commonly connected between the first power supply circuit, the second power supply circuit and the heating plate; a manual switch is provided between the second power supply circuit and the battery assembly. The device is equipped with two power supply circuits, which can perfectly solve the heating problem under the full working conditions of the vehicle. At the same time, it has two methods of automatic heating and manual heating, so that the battery can still operate within a suitable temperature range in a low temperature environment, ensuring good electrical performance of the battery and greatly extending the service life of the battery.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电动汽车电源技术领域，特别涉及一种电池组加热装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle power supplies, and particularly relates to a battery pack heating device.
背景技术Background technique
电池作为电动车的动力源，在整车部件中处于核心地位，运行状态好坏，决定整车的续航里程是否满足需求，当电池跟随整车在低温环境下使用时，需对电池组件进行加热以维持正常的运行状态。As the power source of an electric vehicle, the battery plays a central role in the whole vehicle components. The running state determines whether the cruising range of the whole vehicle meets the requirements. When the battery is used with the vehicle in a low temperature environment, the battery components need to be heated. to maintain normal operation.
电池在低于0℃的低温环境下，电池内部活性大大降低，化学反应迟缓，此时，如果对电池组件充电，有可能会造成电池内部结构不可逆损坏，如果对电池组件放电使用时，其放电性能较差，造成整车动力不足和续航不足，电池长期低温下使用会造成其寿命会大大缩短，为此，电池在低温下使用时先对电池加热对保护电池的性能尤为重要。When the battery is in a low temperature environment below 0°C, the internal activity of the battery is greatly reduced, and the chemical reaction is slow. At this time, if the battery components are charged, it may cause irreversible damage to the internal structure of the battery. The performance is poor, resulting in insufficient power and battery life of the whole vehicle. Long-term use of the battery at low temperature will cause its life to be greatly shortened. Therefore, it is particularly important to heat the battery when the battery is used at low temperature to protect the performance of the battery.
目前市面上加热供电方式大部分只采用一种，要么用电池自身供电，要么用外置电源供电，因为大部分采用一种供电方式，会将加热系统的控制电路集成化设计，并且与电池组件本身管理系统产生逻辑控制关系，集成的加热模块启动加热必须检测到电池有充电电流，加热和充电同时进行，这实质上并没有解决锂离子0℃下不能充电的问题，另外一方面就是市场上看到的好多加热装置都没有设计放电加热，大多数是只设计有充电加热，如果是低温下大电流放电前没有加热，可能电池电压瞬间拉到保护值，电池就没法继续放电。At present, most of the heating and power supply methods on the market only use one type of power supply, either by the battery itself or by an external power supply, because most of them use one power supply method, which will integrate the control circuit of the heating system and integrate it with the battery components. The management system itself produces a logical control relationship. The integrated heating module must detect the charging current of the battery to start heating, and the heating and charging are carried out at the same time. This does not substantially solve the problem that lithium ions cannot be charged at 0°C. Many heating devices I have seen are not designed for discharge heating. Most of them are only designed for charging and heating. If there is no heating before high-current discharge at low temperature, the battery voltage may be instantly pulled to the protection value, and the battery cannot continue to discharge.
综上，目前的电池加热方式都会对电池的性能和使用寿命造成危害，所以亟需探索更好的加热方式来避免或减缓电池受损问题。In summary, the current battery heating methods will cause harm to the performance and service life of the battery, so it is urgent to explore better heating methods to avoid or slow down the battery damage.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明意在提供一种电池组加热装置，以解决现有技术中电池处于低温环境加热充电时会加速电池的寿命衰减的问题。The present invention is intended to provide a battery pack heating device to solve the problem in the prior art that when the battery is heated and charged in a low temperature environment, the life of the battery will be attenuated quickly.
本方案中的一种电池组加热装置，包括电池管理系统和电池组件，电池管理系统包括充电场效应管、通讯模块和用于检测电池组件环境温度的温度探头T1；A battery pack heating device in this solution includes a battery management system and a battery assembly, and the battery management system includes a charging field effect transistor, a communication module and a temperature probe T1 for detecting the ambient temperature of the battery assembly;
还包括加热系统；所述加热系统包括温控开关T2、温控开关T3、第一供电回路和设置在电池组件内的加热板；第一供电回路与加热板之间连接所述温控开关T2和温控开关T3；It also includes a heating system; the heating system includes a temperature control switch T2, a temperature control switch T3, a first power supply circuit and a heating plate arranged in the battery assembly; the temperature control switch T2 is connected between the first power supply circuit and the heating plate and temperature control switch T3;
当温度探头T1检测到电池组件环境温度低于0℃时，充电场效应管关断，电池组件不充电，充电器待机状态，此时第一供电回路连接充电器对应的预留接口，温控开关T2导通使得加热板、第一供电回路和充电器形成通路，加热板对电池组件进行加热；When the temperature probe T1 detects that the ambient temperature of the battery assembly is lower than 0°C, the charging FET is turned off, the battery assembly is not charged, and the charger is in standby state. At this time, the first power supply circuit is connected to the reserved interface corresponding to the charger, and the temperature control The switch T2 is turned on so that the heating plate, the first power supply circuit and the charger form a path, and the heating plate heats the battery assembly;
温度探头T1检测到电池组件环境温度大于0℃时，充电场效应管导通，充电器给电池组件充电；When the temperature probe T1 detects that the ambient temperature of the battery assembly is greater than 0°C, the charging FET is turned on, and the charger charges the battery assembly;
当温控开关T2检测到电池组件环境温度大于10℃或温控开关T3检测到加热板内部温度大于60℃时关断通路，停止加热，充电器持续给电池组件充电至充满电。When the temperature control switch T2 detects that the ambient temperature of the battery assembly is greater than 10°C or the temperature control switch T3 detects that the internal temperature of the heating plate is greater than 60°C, the circuit is turned off, and the heating is stopped, and the charger continues to charge the battery assembly until it is fully charged.
本方案采用充电器给电池组件加热，当电池需要在低于0℃的环境下充电时，将配套使用的充电器与电池组件连接，然后接入电源供电，减缓电池组件本身加热造成的加速电池组件寿命衰减。This solution uses the charger to heat the battery components. When the battery needs to be charged in an environment below 0°C, connect the matching charger to the battery component, and then connect to the power supply to slow down the accelerated battery caused by the heating of the battery component itself. Component lifetime decay.
进一步，所述加热系统还包括第二供电回路，第二供电回路与电池组件之间设有手动开关，所述温控开关T2和温控开关T3还连接在加热板与第二供电回路之间；当充电器无法供电加热时，按下手动开关，电池组件、第二供电回路和加热板导通，利用电池组件供电进行加热，当温控开关T2检测到电池组件环境温度大于10℃或温控开关T3检测到加热板内部温度大于60℃时关断通路，停止加热。当电池跟随整车处于郊外无法使用充电器供电时，第二套供电回路采用电池自身剩余电量给加热系统供电，进而对电池组件进行加热，加热完成后，车主可利用电池组件剩余电量将整车开往就近可使用充电器充电的地方，对电池组件进行补电，或者电池剩余电量较多，也可正常行驶使用。Further, the heating system further includes a second power supply loop, a manual switch is provided between the second power supply loop and the battery assembly, and the temperature control switch T2 and the temperature control switch T3 are also connected between the heating plate and the second power supply loop ; When the charger cannot supply power for heating, press the manual switch, the battery assembly, the second power supply circuit and the heating plate are turned on, and the battery assembly is used to supply power for heating. When the temperature control switch T2 detects that the ambient temperature of the battery assembly is greater than 10℃ or When the control switch T3 detects that the internal temperature of the heating plate is greater than 60 ℃, the circuit is turned off and the heating is stopped. When the battery follows the vehicle in the suburbs and cannot use the charger to supply power, the second power supply circuit uses the remaining power of the battery to supply power to the heating system, and then heats the battery components. After the heating is completed, the owner can use the remaining power of the battery components. Drive to the nearest place where the charger can be used to recharge the battery components, or the remaining battery power can be used normally.
加热系统配套两种供电路线，可完美解决车辆全工况状态下的加热问题。同时具备自动加热和手动加热两种方式，使电池在低温环境下依然保持在适合温度范围内运行，保证电池良好的电性能，大大延续电池的使用寿命。加热系统的规格型号可根据电池需求加热量不同选型不同功率的型号配套使用，整套系统结构简单，安全可靠。The heating system is equipped with two power supply routes, which can perfectly solve the heating problem under the full working conditions of the vehicle. At the same time, it has two methods of automatic heating and manual heating, so that the battery can still operate within a suitable temperature range in a low temperature environment, ensuring good electrical performance of the battery and greatly extending the service life of the battery. The specifications and models of the heating system can be matched with models of different powers according to the heating capacity of the battery. The whole system is simple in structure, safe and reliable.
进一步，所述手动开关为闪烁警示灯开关。Further, the manual switch is a flashing warning light switch.
进一步，在第一供电回路和第二供电回路的总干路上串联有温度保险，用于预防加热系统的加热功能失效。预防加热系统失效状态下，不会持续加热造成热失效等安全事故。Further, a temperature fuse is connected in series on the main circuit of the first power supply loop and the second power supply loop to prevent the heating function of the heating system from failing. To prevent safety accidents such as thermal failure caused by continuous heating when the heating system fails.
进一步，所述温度保险的安全温度为60℃。Further, the safe temperature of the temperature insurance is 60°C.
进一步，所述加热板固定在电池组件的环氧板后与电池组件贴合，电池组件的至少两个端面均贴合有所述加热板，加热板外部和电池外部均包覆有保温棉。该种布置方式使电池组件升温快且安全牢靠，温度分布相对均匀。Further, the heating plate is attached to the battery assembly after being fixed on the epoxy plate of the battery assembly, the heating plate is attached to at least two end faces of the battery assembly, and the exterior of the heating plate and the exterior of the battery are covered with thermal insulation cotton. This arrangement enables the battery assembly to heat up quickly, safely and reliably, and the temperature distribution is relatively uniform.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种电池组加热装置中电池结构的爆炸图；1 is an exploded view of a battery structure in a battery pack heating device of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种电池组加热装置的电路图。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack heating device of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明：The following is further described in detail by specific embodiments:
说明书附图中的附图标记包括：电池组件1、环氧板2、加热板3、保温棉4。Reference numerals in the drawings in the description include: battery assembly 1 ,
实施例基本如附图1和图2所示：一种电池组加热装置，包括电池组件1、加热板3和加热系统组成。加热板3固定在电池组件1的环氧板2后与电池组件1贴合，电池组件1的至少两个端面均贴合有所述加热板3，加热板3外部和电池外部均包覆有保温棉4。The embodiment is basically shown in Figures 1 and 2: a battery pack heating device, comprising a battery assembly 1, a
所述的加热装置还包括电池管理系统(BMS)，电池管理系统包括充电场效应管、通讯模块和用于检测电池组件1环境温度的温度探头T1；加热系统包括温控开关T2、温控开关T3、第一供电回路、第二供电回路和设置在电池组件1内的加热板3；第一供电回路与加热板3之间连接所述温控开关T2和温控开关T3；第二供电回路与电池组件1之间设有手动开关，温控开关T2和温控开关T3还连接在加热板3与第二供电回路之间。The heating device further includes a battery management system (BMS), the battery management system includes a charging field effect tube, a communication module and a temperature probe T1 for detecting the ambient temperature of the battery assembly 1; the heating system includes a temperature control switch T2, a temperature control switch T3, the first power supply circuit, the second power supply circuit and the
当电池需要在低于0℃的环境下充电时，将配套使用的充电器与电池组件1连接，然后接入电源1供电，温度探头T1检测到电池组件1环境温度低于0℃时，充电场效应管关断，电池组件1不充电，充电器待机状态，此时第一供电回路连接充电器对应的预留接口，温控开关T2导通使得加热板3、第一供电回路和充电器形成通路，加热板3对电池组件1进行加热。When the battery needs to be charged in an environment below 0°C, connect the matching charger to battery pack 1, and then connect to power supply 1 to supply power. When the temperature probe T1 detects that the ambient temperature of battery pack 1 is lower than 0°C, charge The FET is turned off, the battery assembly 1 is not charged, and the charger is in standby state. At this time, the first power supply circuit is connected to the reserved interface corresponding to the charger, and the temperature control switch T2 is turned on to make the
温度探头T1检测到电池组件1环境温度大于0℃时，充电场效应管导通，充电器给电池组件1充电。When the temperature probe T1 detects that the ambient temperature of the battery assembly 1 is greater than 0° C., the charging field effect transistor is turned on, and the charger charges the battery assembly 1 .
当温控开关T2检测到电池组件1环境温度大于10℃或温控开关T3检测到加热板3内部温度大于60℃时关断通路，停止加热，充电器持续给电池组件1充电至充满电。When the temperature control switch T2 detects that the ambient temperature of the battery assembly 1 is greater than 10°C or the temperature control switch T3 detects that the internal temperature of the
当充电器无法供电加热时，按下手动开关，电池组件1、第二供电回路和加热板3导通，利用电池组件1供电进行加热，当温控开关T2检测到电池组件1环境温度大于10℃或温控开关T3检测到加热板3内部温度大于60℃时关断通路，停止加热。When the charger cannot supply power for heating, press the manual switch, the battery assembly 1, the second power supply circuit and the
手动开关为闪烁警示灯开关，手动开关会通过红灯闪烁显示，表示加热完成，此时，车主可利用电池组件1剩余电量将整车开往就近可使用充电器充电的地方，对电池组件1进行补电，或者电池剩余电量较多，也可正常行驶。The manual switch is a flashing warning light switch. The manual switch will flash red light to indicate that the heating is completed. At this time, the owner can use the remaining power of the battery pack 1 to drive the vehicle to the nearest place where the charger can be used to charge the battery pack 1. It is possible to drive normally even if the battery is recharged, or if the remaining battery power is large.
实施上述方案时，温控开关T2和温度探头T1在电池组件1中放置位置的测试如下：When the above solution is implemented, the test of the placement position of the temperature control switch T2 and the temperature probe T1 in the battery assembly 1 is as follows:
图1所示的电池为目前电动车常用规格的电池，基于常用电池进行测试，测试条件：The battery shown in Figure 1 is a battery of the current specifications of electric vehicles. The test is based on the commonly used battery. The test conditions are as follows:
1.充电电流7A；1. Charging current 7A;
2.加热电流约3.5A；2. The heating current is about 3.5A;
3.电池组件-20℃低温箱中冷冻12h；3. Freeze battery components in -20℃ low temperature box for 12h;
4.加热70分钟后开启充电。4. Turn on the charging after heating for 70 minutes.
测试结果如表1：The test results are shown in Table 1:
通过实验测试，加热过程中，温升最低点位于电池组件1居中位置的电芯或者跨接片位置，同时考虑装配的方便性，控制加热板启停的10℃温控开关T2和温度探头T1同时置于电池组件1居中往上的电芯表面，即上述表1的2号测试点，该位置比较合适，当电池组件1最低温度达到0℃以上，加热停止开启充电一段时间后，电池组件1环境温度趋于稳定。Through the experimental test, during the heating process, the lowest point of temperature rise is located at the position of the battery cell or the jumper in the center of the battery pack 1, and considering the convenience of assembly, the 10°C temperature control switch T2 and the temperature probe T1 that control the start and stop of the heating plate At the same time, it is placed on the surface of the battery cell in the center of the battery pack 1, that is, the No. 2 test point in the above table 1. This position is more suitable. When the minimum temperature of the battery pack 1 reaches 0°C or more, after the heating stops and starts charging for a period of time, the battery pack 1 The ambient temperature tends to stabilize.
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