CN115045938A - Integration low frequency broadband isolator - Google Patents
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- CN115045938A CN115045938A CN202210278045.XA CN202210278045A CN115045938A CN 115045938 A CN115045938 A CN 115045938A CN 202210278045 A CN202210278045 A CN 202210278045A CN 115045938 A CN115045938 A CN 115045938A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/025—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant characterised by having a particular shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/3732—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having an annular or the like shape, e.g. grommet-type resilient mountings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/181—Circuits; Control arrangements or methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
- F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
- F16F2228/04—Frequency effects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
- F16F2228/06—Stiffness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
- F16F2228/06—Stiffness
- F16F2228/063—Negative stiffness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/18—Control arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator which comprises an upper flange, a lower flange and a vibration isolation structure positioned between the upper flange and the lower flange; the vibration isolation structure is an inclined plane vibration isolation structure which comprises an inner wall, two inclined planes and an outer wall, wherein the two inclined planes are connected to the upper side and the lower side of the inner wall, the outer wall is connected to the outer sides of the two inclined planes, and the inclined planes are of disc spring type structures. Or the vibration isolation structure is replaced by a positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure, the positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure comprises a circular ring, a vertical buckling beam and a horizontal buckling beam, positive stiffness is provided by the circular ring and the vertical buckling beam, negative stiffness is provided by the horizontal buckling beam, and the low-frequency broadband vibration isolation characteristic is obtained through positive and negative stiffness matching. The vibration isolator is processed in an integrated forming mode, can be combined with a piezoelectric element, adopts a piezoelectric shunt damping technology, realizes high-precision control of vibration in three modes of passive, semi-active and active modes, and has stable vibration isolation effect and high structural reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration and noise reduction, in particular to an integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator.
Background
Environmental vibration is a key problem for restricting the realization of core technical indexes of major engineering equipment and high-precision instrument equipment, and a high-precision vibration control technology is a core foundation for supporting the development of the high-precision vibration control technology. Taking aerospace as an example, in the process of high-speed development of related technologies in the field, the precision requirement of equipment such as satellites and the like is higher and higher, and various vibration problems are more and more prominent.
In recent years, requirements for vibration isolation of satellite-borne equipment have become more and more stringent. On the one hand, the conventional vibration reduction and isolation scheme cannot meet the technical requirements, such as: the rubber vibration isolation structure has poor bending rigidity, is easy to age and damage in the outer space environment and has short service life; the spring type vibration isolator has single frequency band and is easy to fatigue failure; the hydraulic vibration isolator has high sealing requirements, and the leakage risks damaging the normal operation of the satellite. On the other hand, the satellite-borne equipment has complex working environment and a plurality of vibration disturbing sources, so that the vibration isolator is required to have broadband vibration isolation performance.
The traditional low-frequency broadband vibration isolator has the problems of large volume, complex structure (mostly of combined structure), friction, low structural reliability and the like. Therefore, the novel vibration isolator is developed to deal with complex environments, and the improvement of the working precision of the instrument and equipment is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator, which solves the problems of large volume, complex structure and low reliability of the conventional assembled vibration isolator on the premise of ensuring the vibration isolation performance.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions:
an integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator comprises an upper flange, a lower flange and a vibration isolation structure positioned between the upper flange and the lower flange; the vibration isolation structure is an inclined plane vibration isolation structure, the inclined plane vibration isolation structure comprises an inner wall, two inclined planes connected to the upper side and the lower side of the inner wall and an outer wall connected to the outer sides of the two inclined planes, and the inclined planes are of disc spring type structures; the vibration isolator is processed in a 3D printing integrated forming mode, a pressurizing integrated forming mode or an injection molding integrated forming mode.
Preferably, the inclined surface is set to be any one of a positive variable thickness form, a negative variable thickness form and a gradient thickness form, wherein the gradient thickness form comprises a spindle form, and the cross-sectional shape of the inclined surface is designed according to actual working conditions; and damping materials are adhered to the vibration isolation structure along the inclined surface.
Preferably, the design parameters of the inclined surface vibration isolation structure comprise material parameters, inner wall inner diameter, inner wall outer diameter, inner wall height, outer wall inner diameter, outer wall outer diameter, outer wall height, inclined surface thickness, inclined surface height and inclined surface deformation coefficient, and the requirements of different loads and different vibration isolation frequencies are met by adjusting the design parameters; the upper flange and the lower flange are provided with interfaces according to requirements, and the vibration isolation structure is provided with a fillet at a stress concentration position; one or more of the inner wall, the outer wall, the upper flange and the lower flange are subjected to hole digging treatment to achieve light weight.
Preferably, the vibration isolation structure is replaced by a positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure, the positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure comprises a circular ring, a vertical buckling beam and a horizontal buckling beam, the circular ring and the vertical buckling beam provide positive stiffness, the horizontal buckling beam provides negative stiffness, and the low-frequency broadband vibration isolation characteristic is obtained through positive and negative stiffness matching.
Preferably, the number of the circular rings, the number of the vertical buckling beams and the number of the horizontal buckling beams are selected according to specific working conditions, and the structure of the circular rings can be replaced by a negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure, a polygonal structure, an arrow-shaped structure or a chiral structure.
Preferably, the outer wall is pasted with a piezoelectric sheet, the piezoelectric sheet is connected with a shunt circuit, and the shunt circuit adopts one of the following forms: the shunt circuit is used for dissipating energy and realizing passive control of vibration.
Preferably, the shunt circuit is connected with a switch, the switch is connected with a controller, and the controller controls the switch to be turned on or off to realize semi-active control of vibration.
Preferably, piezoelectric patches are respectively adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein the piezoelectric patches on the inner wall are used as sensors for monitoring the working condition of the vibration isolation structure, the piezoelectric patches on the outer wall are used as actuators, the sensors are connected with a signal processor, the signal processor is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a power amplifier, and the power amplifier is connected with the actuators and outputs the force to realize active control of vibration; wherein the positions of the piezoelectric patches, which respectively act as a sensor and an actuator, are interchangeable.
Preferably, an amplifying frame and a piezoelectric stack are arranged between the two inclined surfaces, and the piezoelectric stack is connected with a shunt circuit to realize passive control of vibration; the shunt circuit is connected with a switch, and the switch is connected with a controller to realize semi-active control of vibration.
Preferably, an amplifying frame and a piezoelectric stack are arranged between the two inclined surfaces, the piezoelectric stack is a piezoelectric stack with displacement feedback, and the size parameter of the amplifying frame is adjusted according to the actual piezoelectric stack; when the vibration isolation structure works, a displacement signal is output in the form of an electric signal, the piezoelectric stack is connected with a signal processor, the signal processor is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a power amplifier, and the power amplifier is connected with the piezoelectric stack to realize active control of vibration; wherein the displacement feedback part can be realized by sticking a sensor in the form of a piezoelectric sheet.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
1. the vibration isolation structure can be processed by adopting the modes of punch forming, injection molding or 3D printing and the like, so that the structural form is simplified, the installation error is reduced on the premise of not reducing the vibration isolation performance, and the reliability of the whole structure is high.
2. The invention can obviously reduce the quality of the vibration isolator through lightweight design.
3. The vibration isolation device has the advantages of stable vibration isolation effect, simple structure, convenience in installation and low requirement on installation space.
4. The invention can select different design parameters according to different load qualities and different requirements of vibration isolation frequency bands and amplitudes, and realizes flexible adjustment of effective vibration isolation frequency bands and attenuation performance.
5. The shock resistance of the invention is also superior to that of the traditional low-frequency vibration isolator.
6. The invention realizes the high-precision control of vibration through three forms of passive, semi-active and active by combining an integrated vibration isolation structure with a piezoelectric element and adopting a piezoelectric shunt damping technology on the premise of ensuring the integrated advantage of the vibration isolator.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined surface vibration isolation structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an external elevation view of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined surface vibration isolation structure) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined surface vibration isolation structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 a-4 c are a cross section of the integrated vibration isolator (inclined plane vibration isolation structure) with a variable cross section and a positive variable thickness form, a cross section of the integrated vibration isolator with a negative variable thickness form and a cross section of the integrated vibration isolator with a variable cross section and a gradient thickness form, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of force versus displacement for varying cross-section for an inclined plane, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an external perspective view of an integrated vibration isolator (positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure) provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is an external elevation view of an integrated vibration isolator (positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated vibration isolator (positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of passive vibration isolation of a piezoelectric sheet type vibration isolator of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined surface vibration isolation structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 a-10 h are schematic diagrams of various shunt circuits externally connected to the integrated vibration isolator (inclined plane vibration isolation structure) in the form of piezoelectric plates (stack) according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piezoelectric sheet type semi-active vibration isolation of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined plane vibration isolation structure) provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined plane vibration isolation structure) in the form of a piezoelectric plate for active vibration isolation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of a piezoelectric stack vibration isolation form of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined plane vibration isolation structure) provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating passive vibration isolation of a piezoelectric stack of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined plane vibration isolation structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piezoelectric stack semi-active vibration isolation of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined surface vibration isolation structure) provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating active vibration isolation of a piezoelectric stack of an integrated vibration isolator (inclined surface vibration isolation structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-upper flange, 2-lower flange, 3-inclined plane vibration isolation structure, 4-inner wall, 5-inclined plane, 6-outer wall, 7-positive and negative rigidity vibration isolation structure, 8-ring, 9-vertical bending beam and 10-horizontal bending beam; 11-a piezoelectric sheet; 12-a sensor in the form of a piezoelectric patch; 13-a piezoelectric stack; 14-magnifying the frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As a first implementation manner of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, an integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and includes an upper flange 1, a lower flange 2, and a vibration isolation structure located between the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2; in this embodiment, the vibration isolation structure is an inclined surface vibration isolation structure 3, the inclined surface vibration isolation structure 3 includes an inner wall 4, two inclined surfaces 5 connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner wall 4, and an outer wall 6 connected to the outer sides of the two inclined surfaces 5, and the inclined surfaces 5 have a disc spring type structure and are core vibration isolation elements; the vibration isolator adopts modes such as 3D printing integrated into one piece, pressurizing integrated into one piece or injection moulding integrated into one piece to process.
The integrated vibration isolator provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of light weight, efficient vibration attenuation and buffering, wide effective frequency band and the like. The inner wall 4 and the outer wall 5 are connected with the inclined surface 5, so that the moving direction of the structure is not deviated when the structure is subjected to axial load, and the transverse rigidity is provided. The integrated vibration isolator eliminates the problem of installation errors of the conventional assembly type vibration isolator on the premise of ensuring the vibration isolation performance, and has high reliability of the whole structure. Under the condition of installing equipment, the deformation is generated along the axial direction under the action of gravity, and the nonlinear stiffness output characteristic can be realized by adjusting structural parameters; and the static supporting rigidity of the vibration isolation device can be guaranteed not to be reduced, and meanwhile, the dynamic rigidity of the vibration isolation device can be effectively reduced, so that the inherent frequency of the system can be reduced, and the effective vibration isolation frequency band of the vibration isolation device can be widened.
Specifically, the integrated vibration isolator uses metal materials for 3D printing processing, such as: titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc.; the device can be processed in a mode of stamping forming or vulcanizing injection molding by using materials such as rubber, and has the advantages of various processing modes, simple structure and convenience in installation.
Further, as shown in fig. 4a to 4c, the inclined surface 5 may be provided in any one of a positive thickness form, a negative thickness form, and a gradient thickness form, wherein the gradient thickness form includes, but is not limited to, a spindle form, and the sectional shape of the inclined surface 5 is designed according to actual conditions. FIG. 5 is a graph of force versus displacement for a variable cross-section of an inclined surface for each of the above-described conditions. Damping materials such as rubber, foamed plastic and the like are pasted on the vibration isolation structure along the inclined surface 5, so that damping is further increased, the response peak value of resonant frequency is reduced, and the vibration isolation device has broadband high-damping vibration isolation performance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the design parameters of the inclined surface vibration isolation structure comprise material parameters, inner wall inner diameter, inner wall outer diameter, inner wall height, outer wall inner diameter, outer wall outer diameter, outer wall height, inclined surface thickness, inclined surface height, inclined surface deformation coefficient and the like, and the requirements of different loads and different vibration isolation frequencies are met by adjusting the design parameters. The upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 are designed with interface forms according to requirements, and the vibration isolation structure is designed with fillets at stress concentration positions; one or more of the inner wall 4, the outer wall 6, the upper flange 1 and the lower flange 2 are subjected to a boring process to achieve light weight. Because main vibration isolation structure is inclined plane 5, consequently can adjust the vertical height of inner wall 4, outer wall 6 according to concrete installation operating mode, require lowly to the installation space position.
As a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, the vibration isolation structure may be replaced with a positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure, the positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure includes a circular ring 8, a vertical buckling beam 9 and a horizontal buckling beam 10, the circular ring 8 and the vertical buckling beam 9 provide positive stiffness, the horizontal buckling beam 10 provides negative stiffness, and the low-frequency broadband vibration isolation characteristic is obtained by matching the positive and negative stiffness, so that the natural frequency of the vibration isolator can be reduced, and the effective vibration isolation frequency band can be widened. The structure can also meet the vibration isolation requirements of different working conditions by adjusting parameters.
Further, the number of the circular rings 8, the vertical buckling beams 9 and the horizontal buckling beams 10 is selected according to specific working conditions, and the structure of the circular rings 8 can be replaced by a negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure, a polygonal structure, an arrow-shaped structure or a chiral structure.
This embodiment combines the use of positive and negative stiffness elements, with the combination of positive and negative stiffness elements, to achieve energy dissipation through load-unload cycles near equilibrium locations.
Further, on the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, a piezoelectric patch 11 is adhered to the outer wall 6, and the piezoelectric patch 11 is connected to a shunt circuit, which is used for dissipating energy and realizing passive control of vibration.
Referring to fig. 10 a-10 h, the shunt circuit takes one of the following forms: the resistor R is connected with the inductor L in series, the resistor R is connected with the inductor L in parallel, the positive capacitor C or the negative capacitor-C is connected with the RL series branch circuit in series, the positive capacitor C or the negative capacitor-C is connected with the RL parallel branch circuit in series, the positive capacitor C or the negative capacitor-C is connected with the RL series branch circuit in parallel, the positive capacitor C or the negative capacitor-C is connected with the RL parallel branch circuit in parallel, the positive capacitor C or the negative capacitor-C is connected with the resistor R in series, and the positive capacitor C or the negative capacitor-C is connected with the resistor R in parallel. The vibration isolation device converts vibration energy into electric energy by utilizing the piezoelectric effect, dissipates the energy by being externally connected with different shunt circuits, and realizes a better passive vibration isolation effect.
Further, as shown in fig. 11, the shunt circuit is connected to a switch, the switch is connected to a controller, and the controller controls the switch to be turned on or off, so that semi-active control of vibration is realized, and the vibration isolation effect is further enhanced.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, piezoelectric patches are respectively adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall, wherein the piezoelectric patches positioned on the inner wall are used as sensors for monitoring the working condition of the vibration isolation structure, the piezoelectric patches positioned on the outer wall are used as actuators, the piezoelectric patch type sensor 12 is connected with a signal processor, the signal processor is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a power amplifier, and the power amplifier is connected with the actuators and outputs the force to realize active control of vibration.
It should be noted that the form, mounting position and number of the piezoelectric sheets used in the present embodiment may be changed according to actual requirements. In the active control scheme, the piezoelectric sheet mounting positions as the sensor and the actuator, respectively, are interchangeable.
The invention realizes the high-precision control of vibration through three forms of passive, semi-active and active by combining an integrated vibration isolation structure with a piezoelectric element and adopting a piezoelectric shunt damping technology on the premise of ensuring the integrated advantage of the vibration isolator.
Further, as shown in fig. 13, an amplifying frame 14 and a piezoelectric stack 13 are disposed between the two inclined surfaces, so that on the premise of ensuring the integration advantage of the vibration isolator, another form of piezoelectric element is introduced, and the vibration isolation performance is improved. Referring to fig. 14 and 15, similarly to the case of the piezoelectric sheet, the piezoelectric stack 13 is connected to a shunt circuit to realize passive control of vibration; the shunt circuit is connected with the switch, and the switch is connected with the controller to realize semi-active control of vibration.
Further, the piezoelectric stack 13 is a piezoelectric stack with displacement feedback, and the size parameter of the amplifying frame 14 is adjusted according to the actual piezoelectric stack 13; when the vibration isolation structure works, a displacement signal is output in the form of an electric signal, the piezoelectric stack 13 is connected with the signal processor, the signal processor is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the power amplifier, the power amplifier is connected with the piezoelectric stack 13, and active control of vibration is realized through the control system. Wherein the displacement feedback part can be realized by the sensor in the form of the pasted piezoelectric sheet.
In conclusion, the integrated vibration isolator provided by the invention is processed by an integrated forming technology, so that the structural form is simplified, the installation error is reduced, and the reliability of the integral structure is high; the quality of the vibration isolator can be obviously reduced through lightweight design such as punching on the inner wall and the outer wall; the invention has stable vibration isolation effect, convenient installation and small requirement on installation space; different design parameters can be selected according to different load qualities and different requirements of vibration isolation frequency bands and amplitudes, so that the effective vibration isolation frequency bands and the attenuation performance can be flexibly adjusted; in addition, the vibration isolation structure is combined with the piezoelectric element through the integrated vibration isolation structure, and the piezoelectric shunt damping technology is adopted, so that the high-precision control of the vibration in three modes, namely passive, semi-active and active modes can be realized, and the vibration isolation structure has important significance for coping with complex environments and improving the working precision of instruments and equipment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator is characterized by comprising an upper flange, a lower flange and a vibration isolation structure positioned between the upper flange and the lower flange; the vibration isolation structure is an inclined plane vibration isolation structure, the inclined plane vibration isolation structure comprises an inner wall, two inclined planes connected to the upper side and the lower side of the inner wall and an outer wall connected to the outer sides of the two inclined planes, and the inclined planes are of disc spring type structures; the vibration isolator is processed in a 3D printing integrated forming mode, a pressurizing integrated forming mode or an injection molding integrated forming mode.
2. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surface is arranged in any one of a positive variable thickness form, a negative variable thickness form and a gradient thickness form, wherein the gradient thickness form comprises a spindle form, and the cross section shape of the inclined surface is designed according to actual working conditions; and damping materials are adhered to the vibration isolation structure along the inclined surface.
3. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the design parameters of the inclined surface vibration isolation structure comprise material parameters, inner wall inner diameter, inner wall outer diameter, inner wall height, outer wall inner diameter, outer wall outer diameter, outer wall height, inclined surface thickness, inclined surface height and inclined surface deformation coefficient, and the requirements of different loads and different vibration isolation frequencies are met by adjusting the design parameters; the upper flange and the lower flange are provided with interfaces according to requirements, and the vibration isolation structure is provided with a fillet at a stress concentration position; one or more of the inner wall, the outer wall, the upper flange and the lower flange are subjected to hole digging treatment to achieve light weight.
4. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the vibration isolation structure is replaced by a positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure, the positive and negative stiffness vibration isolation structure comprises a circular ring, a vertical buckling beam and a horizontal buckling beam, the circular ring and the vertical buckling beam provide positive stiffness, the horizontal buckling beam provides negative stiffness, and the low-frequency broadband vibration isolation characteristic is obtained through positive and negative stiffness matching.
5. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 4, wherein the number of the circular rings, the vertical buckling beams and the horizontal buckling beams is selected according to specific working conditions, and the structure of the circular rings can be replaced by a negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure, a polygonal structure, an arrow-shaped structure or a chiral structure.
6. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein a piezoelectric patch is adhered to the outer wall, and is connected with a shunt circuit, wherein the shunt circuit is one of the following forms: the shunt circuit is used for dissipating energy and realizing passive control of vibration.
7. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 6, wherein the shunt circuit is connected with a switch, the switch is connected with a controller, and the controller controls the switch to be turned on or off so as to realize semi-active control on vibration.
8. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein piezoelectric patches are respectively adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall, the piezoelectric patches positioned on the inner wall are used as sensors for monitoring the working condition of the vibration isolation structure, the piezoelectric patches positioned on the outer wall are used as actuators, the sensors are connected with a signal processor, the signal processor is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a power amplifier, and the power amplifier is connected with the actuators and outputs the power in the form of force, so as to realize active control of vibration; wherein the positions of the piezoelectric patches, which respectively act as a sensor and an actuator, are interchangeable.
9. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein an amplifying frame and a piezoelectric stack are arranged between the two inclined surfaces, and the piezoelectric stack is connected with a shunt circuit to realize passive control of vibration; the shunt circuit is connected with a switch, and the switch is connected with a controller to realize semi-active control of vibration.
10. The integrated low-frequency broadband vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein an amplifying frame and a piezoelectric stack are arranged between the two inclined surfaces, the piezoelectric stack is a piezoelectric stack with displacement feedback, and the size parameters of the amplifying frame are adjusted according to the actual piezoelectric stack; when the vibration isolation structure works, a displacement signal is output in the form of an electric signal, the piezoelectric stack is connected with a signal processor, the signal processor is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a power amplifier, and the power amplifier is connected with the piezoelectric stack to realize active control of vibration; wherein the displacement feedback part can be realized by sticking a sensor in the form of a piezoelectric sheet.
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