CN115045127A - Energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide fiber superfluid dyeing process - Google Patents
Energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide fiber superfluid dyeing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115045127A CN115045127A CN202210899144.XA CN202210899144A CN115045127A CN 115045127 A CN115045127 A CN 115045127A CN 202210899144 A CN202210899144 A CN 202210899144A CN 115045127 A CN115045127 A CN 115045127A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/94—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in solvents which are in the supercritical state
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- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B13/00—Treatment of textile materials with liquids, gases or vapours with aid of vibration
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
- D06B19/0005—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials
- D06B19/0029—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials by steam
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. by ultrasonic waves, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Sonic or ultrasonic waves; Corona discharge
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/39—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using acid dyes
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- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/39—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using acid dyes
- D06P1/40—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using acid dyes using acid dyes without azo groups
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- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/241—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using acid dyes
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- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
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- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种节能环保锦纶化纤超流体染色工艺，属于印染技术领域。本发明染色工艺对锦纶化纤进行除污、除油、预定型后，将锦纶化纤表面进行电浆处理使其表面带阳离子，然后将锦纶纤维经轴式整卷多层进行超流体无水染色，染色后的锦纶化纤进行固色后定型即可，本发明经过超流体无水染色后的锦纶化纤的色牢度可达到4级，且本发明整个染色工艺不对外排放废水，同时将除油和固色步骤中的水蒸气回收后进行热量交换以循环利用，节能环保。The invention relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly nylon chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process, which belongs to the technical field of printing and dyeing. In the dyeing process of the invention, after the nylon chemical fiber is decontaminated, degreasing, and pre-shaped, the surface of the nylon chemical fiber is treated with plasma to make the surface with cations, and then the nylon fiber is warp-rolled and multi-layered for superfluid anhydrous dyeing. The dyed nylon chemical fiber can be fixed and shaped, and the color fastness of the nylon chemical fiber after superfluid anhydrous dyeing of the present invention can reach grade 4, and the entire dyeing process of the present invention does not discharge waste water to the outside. The water vapor in the color-fixing step is recovered and then exchanged for heat for recycling, saving energy and protecting the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of printing and dyeing, and relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly polyamide fiber superfluid dyeing process.
Background
The nylon fiber is a fabric woven by Polyamide (PA) fiber, and although the nylon fiber has good mechanical strength and wear resistance, when the nylon fiber is used for weaving clothes, the nylon fiber has the defects of poor air permeability, weak water absorption, easy generation of static electricity, poor dyeing performance, poor light resistance and the like, and the application of the nylon fabric in the spinning clothes is severely limited. In order to overcome the defects of the nylon fiber and enable the nylon fiber to have better wearability, people carry out a plurality of modifications on the nylon fiber. In order to further improve the dyeing effect of the nylon fabric in the prior art, metal complex dyes or modified dyes such as acid dyes and basic dyes are generally adopted to dye the nylon fabric, so that the dyeing effect of the obtained dyed nylon fabric is improved to a certain extent, but the wearing comfort of nylon can be seriously influenced due to the application of metal ions and acid and alkali substances, the bonding capacity of the dyes and nylon molecules is not improved, the dyed nylon fiber still has the defects of poor dyeing effect and poor color fastness, and meanwhile, most dyeing treatment processes are complex, the production cost is high, and the large-scale dyeing modification treatment of the nylon fiber is not facilitated.
The supercritical fluid dyeing technology is to use supercritical fluid CO under supercritical condition 2 The novel printing and dyeing process for dyeing the fabric has the comprehensive cost of energy consumption and the like lower than that of the conventional dyeing process, has the technical advantages of no water, emission reduction and energy conservation, and is a novel industrial production technology with development prospect.
At present, in superfluid dyeing, the prior art only can achieve dyeing fastness of 4 grade on polyester fiber, namely terylene, and still depends on the traditional water dyeing process on nylon, namely nylon chemical fiber dyeing, so that the waterless dyeing technology cannot be broken through. In the traditional water dyeing process, water is used as a medium, cloth is stretched, and a dyeing agent and the water are combined and soaked repeatedly for many times, so that a large amount of water resources are consumed, and the subsequent dyeing liquid needs sewage treatment, so that technological innovation needs to be performed on waterless dyeing chinlon chemical fibers in the aspects of energy rising and environment protection requirement improvement.
Patent publication No. CN111826846A discloses a pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and a device thereof, wherein the printing and dyeing process comprises the following steps: (1) converting the liquid super-fluid into a super-fluid; (2) mixing the supercritical fluid and the three-primary-color dye to form a dye solution; (3) injecting dye liquor into a dyeing kettle by using a pulse type injector, dyeing a spindle from a spindle inlet end under the action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, and delivering the dyed spindle from a spindle outlet end after the dyed spindle is mature; (4) returning the dye liquor discharged from the dyeing kettle to a dye tank for recycling; or separating and purifying the discharged dye liquor into liquid fluid and dye for recycling or storing for later use. Although the invention discloses a supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process, the dyeing process is only carried out on polyester fibers, and the dyeing process is carried out by virtue of the action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump.
Patent CN108166282A discloses a saponification dyeing method for an acetic acid polyamide fiber composite yarn. The invention comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out saponification modification treatment on the acetate polyamide fiber composite yarn to be dyed; (2) carrying out reactive dye dyeing on the saponified and modified nylon acetate fiber composite yarn; (3) then dyeing with disperse acid dye; (4) and washing with water after dyeing. The dyeing process disclosed by the invention is a common water dyeing process.
Patent CN105970688A discloses an acid bath dyeing method for nylon 56 fiber fabric, which comprises the following steps: the polyamide 56 fiber fabric is dyed by using a weak acid dye, a 1:2 metal complex dye, a reactive dye or a disperse dye. Although the invention discloses an acid bath dyeing method for nylon fibers, the invention also belongs to a common water dyeing process.
Patent publication No. CN108894015A discloses a dyed nylon fabric and a dyeing method thereof, wherein the dyed nylon fabric is obtained by treating nylon fabric with a microbial modifier and dyeing the nylon fabric with natural organic dye; the microbial modifier comprises pseudomonas, arthrobacter globiformis and phanerochaete chrysosporium; the natural organic dye is a plant dye or an animal dye; the dyed nylon fabric utilizes the active groups on the nylon fabric, which are subjected to microbial biochemical reaction, to be in key joint with the natural organic dye, so that the nylon fabric has the advantages of good dyeing effect and good color fastness. However, the dyeing process of the invention is still a common water dyeing process, and the superfluid dyeing process of the nylon fiber of the invention is not disclosed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide fiber superfluid dyeing process, which is characterized in that after decontamination, oil removal and presetting are carried out on polyamide chemical fibers, the surfaces of the polyamide chemical fibers are subjected to plasma treatment to enable the surfaces of the polyamide chemical fibers to be provided with cations, then the polyamide fibers are subjected to superfluid waterless dyeing through a plurality of layers of shaft type reeling, and the dyed polyamide chemical fibers are subjected to fixation and setting.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber super-fluid dyeing process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water with the temperature of 70-80 ℃ into an oil removing tank, then putting the polyamide chemical fiber, adding an oil removing agent, ultrasonically vibrating to separate oil stains on the surface of the polyamide chemical fiber, controlling 5% of overflow floating oil in the oil removing tank, and then cleaning and drying until the water content of the polyamide chemical fiber is 5-8%, thereby completing drying and pre-shaping;
(2) performing upper and lower surface plasma treatment on the nylon chemical fiber in a closed space by using a fabric surface treatment machine to enable the surface of the nylon chemical fiber to be provided with cations;
(3) dissolving an acidic coloring agent in supercritical fluid CO in a dyeing kettle 2 Feeding the whole roll of the multilayer nylon chemical fiber with the positive ions on the surface into a cloth roll pushing table, pushing the cloth roll pushing table into a dyeing kettle, dyeing for 45-60 min at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ and under the pressure of 20-30 MPa, finishing dyeing after reducing the pressure, and controlling the using amount of an acidic dyeing agent to be 1-3% more than the volume of the acidic dyeing agent on the surface of the nylon chemical fiber after the nylon chemical fiber is dyed to be saturated;
(4) washing dyed chinlon chemical fibers to loose color, adding an acidic color fixing agent accounting for 2-5% of the weight of the chinlon chemical fibers, fixing color in water vapor at 190-200 ℃ for 30-45 s, and drying and shaping;
(5) and (3) recovering the 5% of overflow floating oil obtained in the step (1) after evaporation for heat exchange for recycling, and simultaneously recovering the water vapor obtained in the step (4) for heat exchange for recycling.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the ultrasonic vibration time in the step (1) is 3-5 min.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the oil removing agent in the step (1) is an alkali oil removing agent or a surfactant, and the addition amount of the oil removing agent accounts for 5-10% of the weight of the nylon chemical fiber.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the drying temperature in the step (1) is 190-200 ℃, and the drying time is 30-45 s.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the plasma processing method in the step (2) comprises the following steps: the atmospheric plasma air flow with power of 200-8000 w is applied to the nylon chemical fiber for 10-1000 ms.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the surface tension of the nylon chemical fiber after the plasma treatment in the step (2) is 0.3-0.5 kg/m 2 。
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the nylon chemical fiber after plasma treatment in the step (2) needs to be dyed in the step (3) within 24 hours under an RH environment with humidity of 50-65%.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the acid colorant in step (3) is one of an azo type colorant, an anthraquinone type colorant, and a triarylmethane type colorant.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the width of the whole roll of the multilayer chinlon chemical fiber in the step (3) is 1.4-2.2 m, the length is 300-1000 m, and the height from the ground is 75-90 cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acidic color fixing agent in step (4) is a sulfonate polycondensate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the dyeing process of the invention, the fiber pores of the nylon fiber are opened under the high pressure condition, and the nylon fiber is dissolved in CO 2 The acid dyeing agent in the supercritical fluid circularly permeates the fiber to complete fiber dyeing, after the pressure of the dyeing kettle is reduced, dyeing agent molecules completely permeate and are locked in pores of the nylon fiber, and the color fastness of the nylon chemical fiber subjected to the supercritical fluid anhydrous dyeing can reach level 4;
(2) according to the whole dyeing process, no wastewater is discharged to the outside, 5% of overflow floating oil in the oil removing step is evaporated and then is recovered through the steam recovery system for heat exchange so as to be recycled, water vapor in the color fixing step is also recovered through the steam recovery system for heat exchange so as to be recycled, heat energy can be regenerated, and the dyeing process is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the embodiments.
Example 1
An energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber super-fluid dyeing process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water at 70-80 ℃ into a degreasing tank, then putting the polyamide chemical fiber, adding a degreasing agent surfactant accounting for 8% of the weight of the polyamide chemical fiber, ultrasonically vibrating for 4min to separate oil stains on the surface of the polyamide chemical fiber, controlling 5% of overflow floating oil in the degreasing tank, and drying at 200 ℃ for 35s after cleaning until the water content of the polyamide chemical fiber is 8%, thereby completing drying and pre-shaping;
(2) using a fabric surface treatment machine, acting an atmospheric plasma air flow with power of 4000w on the nylon chemical fiber for 500 milliseconds in a closed space, carrying out plasma treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the nylon chemical fiber to enable the surface of the nylon chemical fiber to be provided with cations, wherein the surface tension of the nylon chemical fiber after the plasma treatment is 0.5kg/m 2 ；
(3) Maintaining the humidity at 50-65% RH, performing superfluid dyeing within 24h, and dissolving an anthraquinone acidic dyeing agent in supercritical fluid CO in a dyeing kettle 2 Then, willFeeding a whole roll of multilayer nylon chemical fibers with the width of 1.5m and the length of 500m, which are provided with cations on the surface, into a cloth roll pushing table, controlling the height of the nylon chemical fibers above the ground to be 80cm, then pushing the nylon chemical fibers into a dyeing kettle, dyeing for 50min at the temperature of 140 ℃ and under the pressure of 26MPa, completing dyeing after pressure reduction, and controlling the using amount of an anthraquinone acid dyeing agent to be 1-3% more than the volume of the acid dyeing agent on the surface of the nylon chemical fibers after the nylon chemical fibers are dyed to be saturated;
(4) washing dyed chinlon chemical fiber to loose color, adding an acidic color fixing agent sulfonate polycondensate accounting for 3 percent of the weight of the chinlon chemical fiber, fixing color in water vapor at 195 ℃ for 40s, and then drying and shaping;
(5) recovering the 5% of overflow floating oil obtained in the step (1) through a steam recovery system after evaporation for heat exchange so as to recycle, and recovering the water vapor obtained in the step (4) through the steam recovery system for heat exchange so as to recycle;
the color fastness test of the dyed chinlon chemical fiber is carried out according to GB/T3920-2008, and the color fastness can reach 4 grades;
the super-fluid waterless dyeing of the embodiment can dye 1000 meters in one period every two hours, the nylon chemical fiber is calculated according to average 100g/m, the production scale of 30 kilometers per day is 30 tons of cloth, the water ratio of the traditional water dyeing process is 1:50, the embodiment can save water by 1500 tons/day compared with the traditional water dyeing process, the operation is carried out 25 days per month by taking 10 yuan/ton of the current sewage treatment cost, the sewage treatment cost can be saved by 37.5 yuan/month, a new environment-friendly technology is adopted, the production field does not need to depend on an industrial area to be provided with a sewage treatment plant, and the nylon chemical fiber can be freely put into production in any common industry;
compared with the high-temperature, high-humidity and acidic working environment of a common water dyeing workshop, the waterless dyeing process has the advantages of clean working environment, normal temperature and no smell.
Example 2
An energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber super-fluid dyeing process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water with the temperature of 70-80 ℃ into an oil removing tank, then putting the nylon chemical fiber, adding an alkaline oil removing agent which accounts for 6% of the weight of the nylon chemical fiber, ultrasonically vibrating for 4min to separate oil stains on the surface of the nylon chemical fiber, controlling 5% of overflow floating oil in the oil removing tank, and drying for 40s at the temperature of 190 ℃ after cleaning until the water content of the nylon chemical fiber is 5%, thereby completing drying and pre-shaping;
(2) using a fabric surface treatment machine, in a closed space, using an atmospheric plasma air flow with the power of 4400w to act on the nylon chemical fiber for 350 milliseconds, carrying out plasma treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the nylon chemical fiber to enable the surface of the nylon chemical fiber to be provided with cations, wherein the surface tension of the nylon chemical fiber after the plasma treatment is 0.3kg/m 2 ；
(3) Keeping the humidity at 50-65% RH, carrying out superfluid dyeing within 24h, and dissolving an azo-type acid dyeing agent in supercritical fluid CO in a dyeing kettle 2 Feeding a whole roll of multilayer nylon chemical fiber with the width of 2.1m and the length of 700m and with cations on the surface into a cloth roll pushing table, controlling the height of the nylon chemical fiber above the ground to be 90cm, pushing the nylon chemical fiber into a dyeing kettle, dyeing for 45min at the temperature of 120 ℃ and under the pressure of 23MPa, and finishing dyeing after reducing the pressure, wherein the dosage of an azo-type acid dyeing agent is controlled to be 1-3% more than the volume of the acid dyeing agent on the surface of the nylon chemical fiber after the nylon chemical fiber is saturated in dyeing;
(4) washing the dyed nylon chemical fiber to loose color, adding an acidic color fixing agent sulfonate polycondensate accounting for 4 percent of the weight of the nylon chemical fiber, fixing color in water vapor at 200 ℃ for 45 seconds, and then drying and shaping;
(5) recovering the 5% of overflow floating oil obtained in the step (1) through a steam recovery system after evaporation for heat exchange so as to recycle, and recovering the water vapor obtained in the step (4) through the steam recovery system for heat exchange so as to recycle;
the color fastness of the dyed chinlon chemical fiber of the embodiment is tested according to GB/T3920-2008, and can reach 4 grades.
Example 3
An energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber super-fluid dyeing process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water at 70-80 ℃ into an oil removing tank, then putting the nylon chemical fiber, adding an oil removing agent surfactant which accounts for 10% of the weight of the nylon chemical fiber, ultrasonically vibrating for 5min to separate oil stains on the surface of the nylon chemical fiber, controlling 5% of overflow floating oil in the oil removing tank, and drying at 190 ℃ for 35s until the water content of the nylon chemical fiber is 7% after cleaning, thereby completing drying and pre-shaping;
(2) using a fabric surface treatment machine, acting atmospheric plasma airflow with power of 6000w on the nylon chemical fiber for 900 milliseconds in a closed space, performing upper and lower plasma treatment on the nylon chemical fiber to enable the surface of the nylon chemical fiber to be provided with cations, wherein the surface tension of the nylon chemical fiber after the plasma treatment is 0.4kg/m 2 ；
(3) Maintaining the humidity at 50-65% RH, performing superfluid dyeing within 24h, and dissolving an anthraquinone acidic dyeing agent in supercritical fluid CO in a dyeing kettle 2 Feeding a whole roll of 1.8m wide and 500m long polyamide chemical fiber with cation on the surface into a cloth roll pushing table, controlling the height of the polyamide chemical fiber above the ground to be 85cm, pushing the polyamide chemical fiber into a dyeing kettle, dyeing for 60min at the temperature of 180 ℃ and under the pressure of 30MPa, finishing dyeing after reducing the pressure, and controlling the using amount of an anthraquinone acid dyeing agent to be 1-3% more than the volume of the acid dyeing agent after the polyamide chemical fiber is saturated in dyeing;
(4) washing dyed chinlon chemical fibers to loose color, adding an acidic color fixing agent sulfonate polycondensate accounting for 2% of the weight of the chinlon chemical fibers, fixing color in water vapor at 195 ℃ for 45s, and drying and shaping;
(5) recovering the 5% of overflow floating oil obtained in the step (1) through a steam recovery system after evaporation for heat exchange so as to recycle, and recovering the water vapor obtained in the step (4) through the steam recovery system for heat exchange so as to recycle;
the color fastness test of the dyed chinlon chemical fiber is carried out according to GB/T3920-2008, and the color fastness can reach 4 grades.
Example 4
An energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber super-fluid dyeing process comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water at 70-80 ℃ into an oil removing tank, then putting the nylon chemical fiber, adding an oil removing agent surfactant accounting for 6% of the weight of the nylon chemical fiber, ultrasonically vibrating for 5min to separate oil stains on the surface of the nylon chemical fiber, controlling 5% of overflow floating oil in the oil removing tank, and drying at 190 ℃ for 35s until the water content of the nylon chemical fiber is 8% after cleaning, thereby completing drying and pre-shaping;
(2) using a fabric surface treatment machine, in a closed space, using atmospheric plasma air flow with power of 4800w to act on the nylon chemical fiber for 1000 milliseconds, carrying out plasma treatment on the upper surface and the lower surface of the nylon chemical fiber to make the surface of the nylon chemical fiber carry cations, wherein the surface tension of the nylon chemical fiber after the plasma treatment is 0.3kg/m 2 ；
(3) Keeping the humidity at 50-65% RH, performing superfluid dyeing within 24h, and dissolving triarylmethane type acid dyeing agent in supercritical fluid CO in a dyeing kettle 2 Then, feeding a whole roll of multilayer nylon chemical fiber with the width of 1.6m and the length of 800m and with the surface provided with cations into a cloth roll pushing table, controlling the height of the nylon chemical fiber above the ground to be 80cm, then pushing the nylon chemical fiber into a dyeing kettle, dyeing for 48min at the temperature of 150 ℃ and under the pressure of 26MPa, finishing dyeing after reducing the pressure, and controlling the using amount of a triarylmethane type acid dyeing agent to be 1-3% more than the volume of the acid dyeing agent on the surface of the nylon chemical fiber after the dyeing of the nylon chemical fiber is saturated;
(4) washing dyed chinlon chemical fiber to loose color, adding an acidic color fixing agent sulfonate polycondensate accounting for 5 percent of the weight of the chinlon chemical fiber, fixing color in water vapor at 195 ℃ for 40s, and then drying and shaping;
(5) recovering the 5% of overflow floating oil obtained in the step (1) through a steam recovery system after evaporation for heat exchange so as to recycle, and recovering the water vapor obtained in the step (4) through the steam recovery system for heat exchange so as to recycle;
the color fastness of the dyed chinlon chemical fiber of the embodiment is tested according to GB/T3920-2008, and can reach 4 grades.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding water with the temperature of 70-80 ℃ into an oil removing tank, then putting the polyamide chemical fiber, adding an oil removing agent, ultrasonically vibrating to separate oil stains on the surface of the polyamide chemical fiber, controlling 5% of overflow floating oil in the oil removing tank, and then cleaning and drying until the water content of the polyamide chemical fiber is 5-8%, thereby completing drying and pre-shaping;
(2) performing upper and lower surface plasma treatment on the nylon chemical fiber in a closed space by using a fabric surface treatment machine to enable the surface of the nylon chemical fiber to be provided with cations;
(3) dissolving an acid coloring agent in supercritical fluid CO in a dyeing kettle 2 Feeding the whole roll of multi-layer nylon chemical fiber with cations on the surface into a cloth roll pushing table, pushing the cloth roll pushing table into a dyeing kettle, dyeing for 45-60 min at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ and under the pressure of 20-30 MPa, finishing dyeing after reducing the pressure, and controlling the using amount of an acidic dyeing agent to be 1-3% of the original using amount and volume after the nylon chemical fiber is dyed to be saturated;
(4) washing dyed chinlon chemical fibers to loose color, adding an acidic color fixing agent accounting for 2-5% of the weight of the chinlon chemical fibers, fixing color in water vapor at 190-200 ℃ for 30-45 s, and drying and shaping;
(5) and (3) recovering the 5% of overflow floating oil obtained in the step (1) after evaporation for heat exchange for recycling, and simultaneously recovering the water vapor obtained in the step (4) for heat exchange for recycling.
2. The energy-saving environment-friendly chinlon chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration time in the step (1) is 3-5 min.
3. The energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil removing agent in step (1) is an alkali oil removing agent or a surfactant, and the addition amount of the oil removing agent is 5-10% of the weight of the polyamide chemical fiber.
4. The super-fluid dyeing process for energy-saving and environment-friendly chinlon chemical fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying temperature in the step (1) is 190-200 ℃ and the drying time is 30-45 s.
5. The energy-saving environment-friendly chinlon chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process according to claim 1, wherein the plasma treatment method in the step (2) is as follows: the atmospheric plasma air flow with power of 200-8000 w is applied to the nylon chemical fiber for 10-1000 ms.
6. The super-fluid dyeing process for energy-saving and environment-friendly chinlon chemical fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface tension of the chinlon chemical fiber after plasma treatment in the step (2) is 0.3-0.5 kg/m 2 。
7. The energy-saving environment-friendly chinlon chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that the chinlon chemical fiber after plasma treatment in the step (2) is dyed in the step (3) within 24 hours under the condition that the humidity is kept at 50-65% RH.
8. The energy-saving environment-friendly polyamide chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that the acid dyeing agent in step (3) is one of an azo type dyeing agent, an anthraquinone type dyeing agent and a triarylmethane type dyeing agent.
9. The energy-saving environment-friendly chinlon chemical fiber superfluid dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the whole roll of the multilayer chinlon chemical fiber in the step (3) is 1.4-2.2 m, the length is 300-1000 m, and the height from the ground is 75-90 cm.
10. The super fluid dyeing process of energy-saving and environment-friendly chinlon chemical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the acidic color fixing agent in the step (4) is sulfonate polycondensate.
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