CN115043508A - Two-stage water purification device and method - Google Patents
Two-stage water purification device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115043508A CN115043508A CN202210742986.4A CN202210742986A CN115043508A CN 115043508 A CN115043508 A CN 115043508A CN 202210742986 A CN202210742986 A CN 202210742986A CN 115043508 A CN115043508 A CN 115043508A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/10—Testing of membranes or membrane apparatus; Detecting or repairing leaks
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/003—Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/07—Alkalinity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/11—Turbidity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/20—Total organic carbon [TOC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种两级净水装置和方法，其中所述两级净水装置包括输水管和沿水流方向依次设于输水管上的加药装置、水泵、超滤装置、高压泵和纳滤装置，所述水泵通过输水管从水源取水并经加药装置加药后送往超滤装置进行过滤，过滤完毕的纯净水被高压泵送往纳滤装置进行二次过滤。本发明的技术方案采用超滤+纳滤的两级净水深度处理工艺，能够对微中程度污染的地表原水直接处理得到高品质直饮水，所得水质相比常规饮用水处理工艺显著提升，有效满足人们对高品质饮用水的需求。
The present application discloses a two-stage water purification device and method, wherein the two-stage water purification device comprises a water delivery pipe and a dosing device, a water pump, an ultrafiltration device, a high-pressure pump and a nanometer which are sequentially arranged on the water delivery pipe along the water flow direction. Filtering device, the water pump takes water from the water source through the water pipe and is sent to the ultrafiltration device for filtration after dosing by the dosing device, and the filtered pure water is sent to the nanofiltration device by the high pressure pump for secondary filtration. The technical scheme of the present invention adopts a two-stage advanced water purification process of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, which can directly treat the surface raw water with slight and moderate pollution to obtain high-quality direct drinking water. Compared with the conventional drinking water treatment process, the obtained water quality is significantly improved and effective. Meet people's demand for high-quality drinking water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a two-stage water purifying device and a two-stage water purifying method.
Background
At present, municipal tap water is still treated by the conventional "coagulation-precipitation-filtration-disinfection" process. The ceramic membrane is one of inorganic membranes, has the advantages of high chemical stability, large membrane flux, good thermal shock resistance, strong hydrophilicity, high mechanical strength, dispersed and concentrated pore diameters, good gradient direction of pore structure and the like, is a novel separation membrane which is hopeful to replace various organic membranes, and can be applied to severe conditions such as material concentration, oil-water separation, water treatment and the like. The ceramic membrane filtration for purifying drinking water is widely used abroad.
The advanced treatment application of the domestic ceramic membrane drinking water is started later, the upgrading and reconstruction of drinking water in rural areas in Zhejiang province in 2019 are implemented, and the ceramic membrane is widely applied to upgrading and reconstruction projects due to the advantages of good tolerance, easiness in cleaning and recovery, no need of pretreatment processes such as coagulating sedimentation and the like.
At present, the application of ceramic membranes in China mainly focuses on the treatment of drinking water in rural life in Jiangzhe and Zhejiang, the used ceramic membranes mainly adopt alumina ceramic membranes produced by Metawater in Japan and Nannostone in Germany, and a short-flow water preparation technology is adopted, namely, a water source to be treated can reach the standard of drinking water after directly entering a membrane system for treatment, and the pretreatment is not required to be carried out by coagulating sedimentation. At present, the ceramic membrane short-flow water production technology has finished hundreds of rural drinking water projects, and the maximum water station reaches the treatment capacity of 2000m in water plants 3 And d, the equipment is unattended and can be remotely controlled. Because of the good operation effect of the ceramic membrane, Zhejiang province releases the group standard rural drinking water integrated ceramic membrane water purification equipment application in 2020 and 5 monthsTechnical rules.
At present, ceramic membrane manufacturers such as foreign NKG (Japan, Meidelihua), PALL (America) and Nannoston (Germany) and ceramic membrane manufacturers such as Sichuan Kangge, Jiuyu Gaokou, Shanghai Koran, Hubei Dijie and Hangzhou hard membrane manufacturers at home develop surface water short-flow water production process of ceramic membranes such as alumina/silicon carbide/zirconia. However, since the starting time of the domestic ceramic membrane product and the application process development is short, the difference from the same type of ceramic membrane in various aspects is obvious, the advanced treatment of the ceramic membrane drinking water is in a sporadic test stage at present, and the domestic ceramic membrane water treatment has no case of large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-stage water purification device and a two-stage water purification method, which are used for directly treating micro-medium degree polluted surface raw water to obtain high-quality direct drinking water.
The first aspect of the application provides a two-stage water purifying device, which comprises a water conveying pipe, and a first pump, an ultrafiltration device, a second pump and a nanofiltration device which are sequentially connected through the water conveying pipe, wherein a dosing point is arranged at the upstream of the ultrafiltration device; the first pump sends the water after adding the chemicals to the ultrafiltration device for filtration through the water delivery pipe, and the water after ultrafiltration filtration is sent to the nanofiltration device for secondary filtration by the second pump; and a water taking pipe opening is arranged on the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the nanofiltration device.
The second aspect of the present application is a method for two-stage water purification using the above apparatus, comprising:
taking water from a water source and adding drugs into the water for pretreatment;
delivering the water after the dosing pretreatment to an ultrafiltration device through a first pump for filtering;
and sending the filtered purified water to a nanofiltration device through a second pump for secondary filtration.
In a preferred embodiment, upstream of the first pump, the water line is connected to a flap pipe, and the dosing point is located upstream of the flap pipe or the flap pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, the pipe Diameter (DN) of the folded plate pipeline is more than or equal to 12mm, and the grid spacing of the folded plate pipeline is 15-30 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the water prior to dosing, or at the source, is a group III-V water.
In a preferred embodiment, the dosing is adding a flocculating agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the adding concentration of the flocculating agent is 2-5 ppm.
In a preferred embodiment, the water conveying pipe is also connected with a disinfection device downstream of the nanofiltration device and is used for disinfecting water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; wherein the disinfection is preferably ultraviolet disinfection, i.e. the disinfection device is preferably an ultraviolet disinfection device; wherein the disinfection device is preferably located downstream of the second pump and upstream of the water intake.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises: and (5) disinfecting the water after secondary filtration. Wherein the disinfection is preferably ultraviolet disinfection.
In a preferred embodiment, the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose is more than or equal to 9500 muW.S/cm during ultraviolet disinfection 2 。
In a preferred embodiment, the water pipe is further connected with a first water tank, and the first water tank is arranged between the ultrafiltration device and the high-pressure pump and used for receiving water filtered by the ultrafiltration device.
In a preferred embodiment, the water conveying pipe is further sequentially connected with a second water tank and a circulating pump at the downstream of the nanofiltration device and the upstream of the water taking pipe opening, and the second water tank is positioned between the circulating pump and the nanofiltration device and is used for receiving purified water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the circulating pump returns to the first water tank, the circulating pump is used for pumping water in the second water tank to the first water tank, and the water taking pipe opening is positioned between the circulating pump and the first water tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the operating flux of the ultrafiltration device is 150-200LMH, and the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 50-100 nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the material of the supporting layer is alumina and/or silicon carbide, and the effective component of the separating layer is zirconia and/or silicon carbide.
In a preferred embodiment, the nanofiltration device operates with a flux of 30-50LMH, ultrafiltration membraneThe aperture is 1-10 nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the separating layer contains zirconium oxide and/or silicon carbide as effective components.
In a preferred embodiment, the ultrafiltration: soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent for 2-48 hr every 8-12 hr.
In a preferred embodiment, the nanofiltration: soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent every 8-12 hr.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the ultrafiltration inlet water to the concentrated water is more than or equal to 2:1, and the outlet water SDI 15 Less than or equal to 3, turbidity less than 2NTU and oxygen consumption less than 2 mg/L.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of nanofiltration inlet water to concentrated water is more than or equal to 2.5:1, the oxygen consumption of outlet water is less than 1mg/L, the total hardness is less than 110mg/L, the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the TOC is less than 0.8 mg/L.
The technical scheme of this application has following beneficial effect: the application can directly treat the raw water on the slightly and moderately polluted ground surface to obtain high-quality direct drinking water under the condition of surpassing water inlet and dosing, all key equipment in the whole process section are quickly connected and replaced, the filter element has high dirt bearing capacity and strong pollution load impact, the flux can be recovered to over 75 percent of the original flux after physical cleaning, the flux can be recovered to 85 percent after back diffusion chemical cleaning, and the continuous operation is realized without physical and chemical cleaning; the flux can be restored to more than 90 percent after chemical cleaning, the continuous working life is longer than 12 months, bipolar selective water outlet, uninterrupted circulation of produced water and real-time disinfection can be realized, and the quality of high-quality direct drinking water and the service life and the replacement period of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane are effectively ensured. All parts of the double-ceramic water purifying device are sanitary stainless steel and glass, so that the water quality risks of micro plastic and the like of water production are effectively avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an integrated schematic diagram of a two-stage water purification unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is an integrated schematic diagram of a two-stage water purification device according to another embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals in fig. 1 are explained as follows: 1. a water source; 2. adding a medicine; 3. a first pump; 4. a water delivery pipe; 5. an ultrafiltration device; 6. a first water inlet; 7. a water outlet II; 8. a first water outlet; 9. a first water tank; 10. A three-way valve; 11. a second pump; 12. a water inlet II; 13. a nanofiltration device; 14. a water outlet III; 15. a water outlet IV; 16. a second water tank; 17. a circulation pump; 18. a sterilizing device; 19. a water intake device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a two-stage water purification device, and this two-stage water purification device adopts the two-stage water purification advanced treatment process of ultrafiltration + nanofiltration, can obtain high-quality straight drinking water to the direct processing of the earth's surface raw water that little medium-range degree pollutes, and gained quality of water is compared conventional drinking water treatment process and is showing the promotion, has effectively satisfied people's demand to high-quality drinking water.
As shown in fig. 1, the two-stage water purifying device includes a water pipe 4, and a dosing point 2, a first pump 3, an ultrafiltration device 5, a second pump (high-pressure pump) 11 and a nanofiltration device 13 which are sequentially connected to the water pipe 4 along a water flow direction of the water pipe, wherein the first pump 3 takes water from a water source 1 (such as surface raw water) through the water pipe 4, the dosing point 2 adds drugs into the water obtained from the water pump 3 to pretreat the water, and then sends the water to the ultrafiltration device 5 for filtration, the water filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 is sent to the nanofiltration device 13 by the second pump 11 for secondary filtration, and the water secondarily filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 can be taken out by a water taking device 19 at a downstream water taking point for use.
The working principle is as follows: the water at the water source 1 passes through or exceeds the dosing point 2 through the first pump 3 and enters a filtering system of an ultrafiltration device 5, wherein the water is filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5The generated concentrated water is directly discharged through a concentrated discharge port (a second water outlet 7 at the top) of the ultrafiltration device, and the water generated by the ultrafiltration device 5 enters a first water tank 9 through a first water outlet 8 at the top (the first water tank 9 is not necessary): A) the water generated by the ultrafiltration device 5 can surpass the nanofiltration device 13 and directly enter a water taking device 19 of a high-quality direct drinking water taking point; B) the water produced by the ultrafiltration device 5 can also be sent into the nanofiltration device 13 system through the second pump 11, the concentrated water filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 is directly discharged through the water outlet four 15 at the top, and the water produced by the nanofiltration device 13 can enter the ultraviolet disinfection device 18 through the second water tank 16 for disinfection or directly enter the water intake device 19 of the high-quality direct drinking water intake point through the ultraviolet disinfection device 18 for disinfection. The first water inlet 6 of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the second water inlet 12 of the nanofiltration device 13 are positioned at the bottom. During ultraviolet disinfection, the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose is more than or equal to 9500 mu W.S/cm 2 。
When the surface raw water is pretreated by adding chemicals, according to at least one item of key water quality indexes of turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium and the like of the surface raw water, determining parameters such as the type and concentration of the chemicals added by a chemical adding pump, the pipe diameter and length of a folded plate pipeline, the chemical adding reaction time and the like, and directly adding the chemicals to the folded plate pipeline connected to the upstream of a first pump 3 through a chemical adding point 2 by the chemical adding pump; if the surface raw water category is III-V, one of the chemicals which can be added by the chemical adding pump is a high-efficiency pipeline flocculating agent, the adding concentration is 2-5ppm, the pipe Diameter (DN) of the folded plate pipeline is not less than 12, and the steel grating configured on the folded plate pipeline is 15-30 mm.
The ultrafiltration device 5 adopts a ceramic ultrafiltration system, the operation flux is 150-200LMH, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 50-100 nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the material of the supporting layer is alumina and/or silicon carbide, and the effective component of the separating layer is zirconia and/or silicon carbide. Continuously operating for 8-12 hours, and soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent for 2-48 hours; the ratio of the ultrafiltration inlet water to the concentrated water is more than or equal to 2:1, and the outlet water SDI 15 Less than or equal to 3, turbidity less than 2NTU and oxygen consumption less than 2 mg/L.
The nanofiltration device 13 adopts a ceramic ultrafiltration system, the operation flux is 30-50LMH, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 1-10 nm; the water inlet flow is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the effective component of the separation layer is zirconium oxide and/or silicon carbide; continuously operating for 8-12 hours, and soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent; the ratio of nanofiltration inlet water to concentrated water is more than or equal to 2.5:1, the oxygen consumption of outlet water is less than 1mg/L, the total hardness is less than 110mg/L, the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the TOC is less than 0.8 mg/L.
The two-stage water purifying equipment in the embodiment can directly treat the raw water on the slightly and moderately polluted ground surface to obtain high-quality direct drinking water under the condition of surpassing water inlet and dosing, all key equipment in the whole process section are connected and replaced quickly, the filter element has high dirt bearing capacity, and the impact of pollution load is strong. Moreover, the flux can be restored to over 75 percent of the original flux after physical cleaning, and the flux can be restored to 85 percent after back diffusion chemical cleaning; the flux can be recovered by more than 90 percent after chemical cleaning, and the continuous working life is longer than 12 months.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a two-stage water purification device, and this two-stage water purification device adopts the two-stage water purification advanced treatment process of ultrafiltration + nanofiltration, can obtain high-quality straight drinking water to the direct processing of the earth's surface raw water that little medium-range degree pollutes, and gained quality of water is compared conventional drinking water treatment process and is showing the promotion, has effectively satisfied people's demand to high-quality drinking water.
In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the two-stage water purification device includes a water pipe 4, and a dosing point 2, a first pump 3, an ultrafiltration device 5, a second pump 11 and a nanofiltration device 13 which are sequentially communicated with the water pipe 4 along a water flow direction, the first pump 3 takes water from a water source 1 through the water pipe 4, the dosing point 2 adds drugs into the water obtained from the water pump 3 to pretreat the water, and then the water is sent to the ultrafiltration device 5 to be filtered, the filtered purified water is sent to the nanofiltration device 13 by the second pump 11 to be secondarily filtered, and the secondarily filtered purified water can be taken out by a water taking device 19 to be used by people.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the dosing point 2 may be provided with a dosing pump, and the drug is injected into the water pipe 4 through the dosing pump, where the parameters of the selection type, concentration, dosing reaction time, and the like of the drug are selected according to any one or more of water quality indexes such as turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, and the like of the water extracted by the first pump 3, for example, the category of the water extracted by the first pump 3 is level III-V, one of the chemicals that can be dosed by the dosing pump is a high-efficiency pipeline flocculant, and the dosing concentration is 2-5 ppm.
In this embodiment, the two-stage purifier still includes the folded plate pipeline, the folded plate pipeline is used for carrying out folded plate flocculation and precipitation to the water that first pump 3 drawed, then strengthens the preliminary treatment effect to water, the pipe diameter of folded plate pipeline, length are selected according to any one or more in the water quality index such as the turbidity of the water that first pump 3 drawed, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the two-stage water purifying device further comprises a disinfecting device 18 disposed on the water pipe 4 for disinfecting the purified water flowing out of the nanofiltration device 13 to ensure the water taken out by the water taking device 19 to be used by people to be clean, preferably, the disinfecting device 18 employs ultraviolet rays for disinfection, and the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose during ultraviolet disinfection is more than or equal to 9500 μ W · S/cm 2 。
In this embodiment, the water intake device 19 may be a faucet or other water outlet switch, and as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of water intake devices 19 may be disposed on the water pipe 4 to facilitate a plurality of people to take water simultaneously.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the two-stage water purifying device further includes a first water tank 9, where the first water tank 9 is disposed between the ultrafiltration device 5 and the second pump 11 on the water pipe 4, and is used for temporarily storing purified water flowing out after being filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5, and meanwhile, the subsequent second pump 11 is convenient to continuously and normally pump water.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the two-stage water purifying apparatus further includes a second water tank 16 and a circulating pump 17 disposed on the water pipe 4, the second water tank 16 is used for storing pure water flowing out of the nanofiltration device 13 so as to facilitate the subsequent circulating pump 17 to continuously and normally pump water, the circulating pump 17 is used for pumping the pure water in the second water tank 16 and sending the pure water to the first water tank 9, so as to realize circulating filtration of water and ensure the freshness of the pure water flowing out of the water taking device 19, of course, when the water taking device 19 is turned on to take water, the circulating pump 17 pumps a part of the pure water in the second water tank 16 and sends the part of the pure water to the first water tank 9, and when the water taking device 19 is turned off, the circulating pump 17 pumps all the pure water in the second water tank 16 and sends the whole pure water to the first water tank 9, so that the pure water flowing out of the nanofiltration device 13 constantly keeps fresh, is beneficial to improving the water quality.
In this embodiment, the ultrafiltration device 5 comprises a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane, preferably, the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane has an operating flux of 150-200LMH, a pore diameter of 50-100nm, and a water inlet flow rate of 1.0m or more 3 The ceramic ultrafiltration membrane is formed by bonding a supporting layer and a separating layer, wherein the supporting layer is made of alumina or silicon carbide, and the separating layer is made of zirconia or silicon carbide.
In this embodiment, the nanofiltration device 13 includes a ceramic nanofiltration membrane, the operating flux of the ceramic nanofiltration membrane is 30-50LMH, the pore diameter is 1-10nm, and the material of the ceramic nanofiltration membrane is the same as that of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane.
In this embodiment, two-stage water purification installation still includes belt cleaning device for wash after working a period to ceramic milipore filter and ceramic nanofiltration membrane for its used repeatedly, belt cleaning device has physics and chemical cleaning two kinds of modes, and the physical cleaning method who adopts the clear water to directly wash can make the flux of ceramic milipore filter and ceramic nanofiltration membrane resume to original more than 75%, adopts 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2 ~ 5% alkaline cleaner, 0.5 ~ 5% acid cleaner to soak abluent chemical cleaning method, can make the flux of ceramic milipore filter and ceramic nanofiltration membrane resume to original more than 90%.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a water inlet first 6 of the ultrafiltration device 5 is communicated with the first pump 3 through a water pipe 4, a water outlet first 8 of the ultrafiltration device 5 is communicated with the first water tank 9 through the water pipe 4, the ultrafiltration device 5 filters water to generate sewage, and the sewage is discharged from a water outlet second 7, wherein the ratio of the inlet water to the outlet water of the ultrafiltration device 5 is greater than or equal to 2:1, the outlet water SDI15 is less than or equal to 3, the turbidity is less than 2NTU, and the oxygen consumption is less than 2 mg/L.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a water inlet two 12 of the nanofiltration device 13 is communicated with the second pump 11 through a water pipe 4, a water outlet three 14 of the nanofiltration device 13 is communicated with a second water tank 16 through the water pipe 4, sewage generated after water is filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 is discharged from a water outlet four 15, the ratio of inlet water to outlet water of the nanofiltration device 13 is greater than or equal to 2.5:1, the oxygen consumption of outlet water is less than 1mg/L, the total hardness is less than 110mg/L, the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the TOC is less than 0.8 mg/L.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the two-stage water purifying device further includes a three-way valve 10, the three-way valve 10 is connected between the first water tank 9 and the second pump 11 on the water pipe 4, and the remaining outlet of the three-way valve 10 is communicated with the water outlet of the second water tank 16, so that when the purified water filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 is enough to meet the use requirement, the three-way valve 10 can be controlled to change direction to directly send the purified water filtered by the ultrafiltration device 5 to the water intake device 19 for discharging, or the purified water is driven by the circulating pump 17 to circularly flow between the first water tank 9 and the second water tank 16 through the water pipe 4 to keep fresh, and when high-quality purified water is required, such as direct drinking water, the three-way valve 10 can be controlled to change direction to send the purified water flowing out from the first water tank 9 to the nanofiltration device 13 by the high-pressure pump 11 for secondary filtration.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate maintenance of the two-stage water purification apparatus, the dosing point 2, the first pump 3, the ultrafiltration apparatus 5, the first water tank 9, the second water tank 16, the three-way valve 10, the second pump 11, the circulating pump 17, the disinfection apparatus 18, the water intake apparatus 19, and the nanofiltration apparatus 13 are all communicated with the water pipe 4 through quick-release interfaces.
In addition, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention further provides a two-stage water purification method, comprising:
s1, taking water from a water source 1 and adding drugs into the water to pretreat the water, wherein the parameters of the added drugs such as selection type, concentration, drug adding reaction time and the like are selected according to any one or more of water quality indexes such as turbidity, oxygen consumption, total hardness, calcium, magnesium and the like of the water extracted by a first pump 3, for example, the class of the water extracted by the water pump 3 is III-V grade, one of the drugs which can be added by a drug adding pump is a high-efficiency pipeline flocculating agent, and the adding concentration is 2-5 ppm;
s2, conveying the pretreated water to an ultrafiltration device 5 for filtration, wherein as shown in figure 1, the filtered pure water flows out from a first water outlet 8, and the sewage flows out from a second water outlet 7;
s3, sending the filtered pure water to the nanofiltration device 13 for secondary filtration, wherein a high pressure pump 11 is usually arranged at the front end of the nanofiltration device 13, the water is sent to the nanofiltration device 13 by the second pump 11, the pure water filtered by the nanofiltration device 13 flows out from the third water outlet 14, and the sewage flows out from the fourth water outlet 15.
The two-stage water purification method of the embodiment adopts a two-stage water purification advanced treatment process of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, and can directly treat the surface raw water polluted by micro-medium degree to obtain high-quality direct drinking water, and the obtained water quality is remarkably improved compared with the conventional drinking water treatment process, so that the demand of people on the high-quality drinking water is effectively met.
In this embodiment, the purified water flowing out of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 in steps S2 and S3 is preferably temporarily stored by a water tank so that the high-pressure pump 11 and the circulation pump 17 can pump water normally.
In this embodiment, further, the two-stage water purification method further includes:
s4, sterilizing the purified water after secondary filtration to further improve the water quality, preferably, the sterilization method is ultraviolet sterilization;
s5, sending the purified water after the secondary filtration to the nanofiltration device 13 for re-filtration to keep the water quality fresh, as shown in fig. 1, normally, a circulation pump 17 is arranged at the water outlet end of the second water tank 16, when the water taking device 19 is turned off, the circulation pump 17 continuously sends the water source 1 in the second water tank 16 to the first water tank 9 for re-filtration to keep the water quality fresh, when the water taking device 19 is turned on to take water, the circulation pump 17 pumps a part of the water in the second water tank 16 to the water taking device 19, and another part of the water is sent to the first water tank 9;
and S6, cleaning the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 at intervals, wherein the cleaning method comprises physical cleaning and chemical cleaning, and preferably, the time interval between two adjacent cleaning is 8-12 hours.
In this embodiment, the physical cleaning method in step S6 is to directly wash the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 with clean water, and after cleaning, the flux of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can recover to more than 75%.
In this embodiment, the chemical cleaning method in step S6 includes:
s61, soaking and cleaning the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane of the ultrafiltration device 5 and the nanofiltration device 13 for 2-48 hours by adopting 1000ppm of sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% of alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% of acidic cleaning agent;
and S62, washing the soaked ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and ceramic nanofiltration membrane with clear water, wherein the flux of the ceramic ultrafiltration membrane and the ceramic nanofiltration membrane can recover more than 90% after chemical cleaning.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A two-stage water purifying device is characterized by comprising a water conveying pipe, a first pump, an ultrafiltration device, a second pump and a nanofiltration device which are sequentially connected through the water conveying pipe, wherein a dosing point is arranged at the upstream of the ultrafiltration device; the first pump sends the water after adding the chemicals to the ultrafiltration device for filtration through the water delivery pipe, and the water after ultrafiltration filtration is sent to the nanofiltration device for secondary filtration by the second pump; and a water taking pipe opening is arranged on the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the nanofiltration device.
2. A two-stage water purification device as claimed in claim 1, wherein downstream of the nanofiltration device, the water transport pipe is further connected to a disinfection device for disinfecting water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; wherein the disinfection device is preferably an ultraviolet disinfection device; wherein the disinfection device is preferably located downstream of the second pump and upstream of the water intake.
3. A two-stage water purification unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water conduit is further connected to a first water tank disposed between the ultrafiltration device and the high pressure pump for receiving water filtered by the ultrafiltration device.
4. The two-stage water purification device according to claim 3, wherein the water delivery pipe is further connected with a second water tank and a circulating pump in sequence at the downstream of the nanofiltration device and at the upstream of the water intake pipe, and the second water tank is positioned between the circulating pump and the nanofiltration device and is used for receiving purified water flowing out of the nanofiltration device; the water delivery pipe at the downstream of the circulating pump returns to the first water tank, the circulating pump is used for pumping water in the second water tank and sending the water to the first water tank, and the water taking pipe opening is positioned between the circulating pump and the first water tank.
5. The two-stage water purification device of claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration device operates at a flux of 150-200LMH, and the ultrafiltration membrane has a pore size of 50-100 nm; the inflow rate is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the material of the supporting layer is alumina and/or silicon carbide, and the effective component of the separating layer is zirconia and/or silicon carbide;
the operating flux of the nanofiltration device is 30-50LMH, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 1-10 nm; the water inlet flow is more than or equal to 1.0m 3 H; the separating layer contains zirconium oxide and/or silicon carbide as effective components.
6. A method of two-stage water purification using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising:
taking water from a water source and adding drugs into the water for pretreatment;
delivering the water after the dosing pretreatment to an ultrafiltration device through a first pump for filtering;
and sending the filtered purified water to a nanofiltration device through a second pump for secondary filtration.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
eliminating the water after the secondary filtrationPreferably, the disinfection is ultraviolet disinfection, more preferably, the measurable ultraviolet radiation dose is more than or equal to 9500 mu W.S/cm during ultraviolet disinfection 2 。
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the ultrafiltration: soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent for 2-48 hr every 8-12 hr;
and (3) nanofiltration: soaking and cleaning with 1000ppm sodium hypochlorite, 2-5% alkaline cleaning agent and 0.5-5% acidic cleaning agent every 8-12 hr.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6 or 8, wherein the ratio of ultrafiltration inlet water to concentrated water is not less than 2:1, and the outlet water has SDI 15 Less than or equal to 3, turbidity less than 2NTU and oxygen consumption less than 2 mg/L;
the ratio of nanofiltration inlet water to concentrated water is more than or equal to 2.5:1, the oxygen consumption of outlet water is less than 1mg/L, the total hardness is less than 110mg/L, the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the TOC is less than 0.8 mg/L.
10. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein a water pipe is connected with a folded plate pipeline upstream of the first pump, and chemicals are added to the folded plate pipeline or the folded plate pipeline upstream, wherein the water at the water source is III-V type water, the chemicals are added with flocculating agents, and the adding concentration of the flocculating agents is 2-5 ppm; the pipe diameter of the folded plate pipeline is more than or equal to 12, and the grid spacing of the folded plate pipeline is 15-30 mm.
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Application publication date: 20220913 |