CN115039891A - Flexible flat rubbing peanut huller for community breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible flat-rubbing peanut shelling machine for community breeding, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural processing. The flexible flat-rubbing peanut shelling machine for small-scale breeding proposes the shelling principle of flexible flat-rubbing, which can complete the shelling operation of small-scale peanut seeds with high quality and meet the requirements of small-scale flower breeding seeds. The flexible shelling device is installed on the upper part of the frame, and includes a flat washboard installed inside, a shelling transmission mechanism, a flat-rubbing screen and an adjustable elastic support mechanism, etc. During operation, the shelling transmission mechanism drives the flat washboard to reciprocate parallel to the horizontal plane. Moving, the peanuts enter the shelling area, and the screen is squeezed to push the adjustable elastic support mechanism at the lower part, so that the shelling gap can be adjusted automatically, and the flexible shelling function is realized, and the shelling adaptability is strong.

Description

A kind of flexible flat rubbing peanut shelling machine for community breeding

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural processing, in particular to a flexible flat-rubbing peanut shelling machine for small-scale breeding, which is suitable for peanut shelling for small-scale breeding.

Background technique

Shelling is one of the important links in the post-processing of peanuts, and it is a necessary means to ensure that peanuts become oil, food and seeds. At present, the peeling principles of peanut shelling machines in my country are various, mainly including the blowing method, the squeezing method, the rolling method, etc. The existing problems are that the peeling rate is low and the breakage rate is high, which is barely acceptable for commercial peanut shelling. To meet the requirements, the overall benefit is much greater than that of manual shelling, but such machinery is completely unsuitable for small-scale breeding and shelling.

Compared with the shelling principle of the existing peanut shelling machine, it is found that among the three mechanical shelling principles, the impact method has the highest shelling efficiency, and is mostly used in large and medium-sized shelling machines, but the nut breakage rate is also high, which is more suitable for pressing Peanut shelling for oil; the shelling efficiency of the grinding method is second, but the nut breakage rate is low, and it is mostly used in small peanut shelling machines, which are used by farmers in the field or for breeding; The shelling part is larger in size and the shelling efficiency is the lowest. Although the quality of the nuts is better, there are not many market applications.

The main characteristics of community breeding are that there are many varieties of peanuts, small quantities, and different pod sizes. At present, most of the peanut shelling used in community breeding in scientific research units is manually peeled, which is labor-intensive, low in efficiency and high in cost. Therefore, the development of a suitable Peanut shelling machinery for scientific research breeding in the community is very important.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above existing technical problems, a flexible flat-rubbing peanut sheller for community breeding is provided. The invention adopts the flat rubbing extrusion method for shelling, which is favorable for realizing a flexible shelling process, and solves the problems of poor versatility, high breakage rate and low dehulling rate existing in the existing peanut shelling equipment.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

The present invention is a flexible flat rubbing peanut shelling machine, comprising a frame, a flexible shelling device, a wind selection device, a screening device and a transmission device. A non-closed shelling space is formed in the flexible shelling device by a flat washboard and a shelling screen; the air selection device is located in the middle of the frame and is connected below the flexible shelling device, and the screening device is installed in the rack. Below the selection device, the transmission device is respectively connected to the flexible shelling device, the air selection device and the screening device; during operation, the transmission device drives the flat washboard of the flexible shelling device to reciprocate parallel to the horizontal plane, so that the space between the flat washboard and the flat screen is The peanut pod shell is cracked and broken by the flexible extrusion force and flat rubbing force to complete the flexible shelling. The peanut shell is blown out of the frame by the air flow of the air selection device, and the peanut kernel falls into the screening device to complete the screening of the kernel.

Further, the flexible shelling device includes a flat washboard, a shelling screen, an adjustable elastic support mechanism, a flat washboard adjusting slide, a screen adjusting seat and a baffle, the flat washboard adjusting slide and screen adjusting seat. It is installed on the rack up and down parallel to the horizontal plane, and baffles are arranged around the flat washboard adjusting slideway and the screen adjusting seat. , The non-closed shelling space is surrounded by the lower plane of the flat washboard core, the upper plane of the shelling screen and the flat shell. The upper end of the flat washboard is connected to the adjustment slide of the flat washboard. A plurality of adjustable elastic support mechanisms are evenly spaced between the screen adjusting seats to adjust the shelling gap.

Further, one end on both sides of the flat washboard shell is symmetrically arranged with a plurality of holes for connecting the flat washboard core vertically, so as to adjust the horizontal angle of the flat washboard core, and the adjustment range is -2°～2°; the machine The flat washboard adjusting slideway and the screen adjusting seat on the rack are symmetrically arranged with a plurality of holes vertically at one end on both sides of the installation position to connect the flat washboard adjusting slideway and the screen adjusting seat, and adjust the horizontal angle. The range is -2°～2°.

Further, the flat washboard core is formed by arranging a plurality of ribs side by side in a rectangular frame, the direction of the ribs is perpendicular to the movement direction, the cross-sectional shape of the ribs is a circle, and the distance between the ribs is t=15-30mm, The ribs are made of 45-gauge steel with smooth surface, rebar or any material of 45-gauge steel wrapped by a smooth surface rubber material.

Further, the adjustable elastic support mechanism includes an upper support seat, a tension spring, a lower support seat, a rod, an adjustment stud, a limit block and a cylindrical pin, and the rods are 6 and are provided by a pair of parallel sides. One rod, the other pair of parallel sides is provided with two parallel rods, which are hinged to each other to form a parallelogram structure. The two opposite top corner ends of the parallelogram structure are hinged to the upper support seat and the lower support seat, respectively. The other two apex angle hinge shafts of the parallelogram structure are connected, and the limit blocks are symmetrically welded on both sides of the parallelogram structure on the lower support seat; the two ends of the upper support seat are fixed to the shelling screen, and the two ends of the lower support seat are fixed to the frame.

Further, the air separation device includes a silo and a fan, and the silo is composed of four steel plates and two parts of the air duct welded. The four side plates are welded to form a closing opening and connect to the inlet of the air duct. The duct adopts a semi-closed structure, with a feeding port, an interconnected air inlet, a peanut shell outlet and a peanut kernel outlet; the bottom opposite to the feeding port is provided with a peanut kernel outlet, which is opened on the side wall of the air duct corresponding to the air outlet end of the fan. There is a horizontally arranged air inlet, which is connected with the air outlet of the fan. The corresponding end of the air inlet of the air duct is the outlet of peanut shells.

Further, the screening device is located at the inner bottom of the frame, and includes a vibrating device, a screen, a connecting rod, a joint bearing, a swing rod, a screen body and a screen set in the screen body, and the screen body passes through four swing bars. They are respectively hinged to the frame. The screen is provided with two layers, including an oval screen screen and a slot screen screen, which are installed in parallel in the vibrating screen. The bottom and the other end are connected with the vibration device through a joint bearing to drive the screen body to reciprocate, and the swing rod is hinged with the frame and the bottom of the screen body through the joint bearings provided at both ends.

Further, the vibration device includes a vibration shaft and an eccentric wheel, the vibration shaft is mounted on the frame through two sets of bearings with a seat, the eccentric wheel is mounted on one end of the vibration shaft, and the eccentric wheel and the One end of the connecting rod is connected.

Further, a plurality of installation holes with different eccentric distances are opened on the eccentric disc, and the connecting rods are connected through different installation holes to adjust the eccentricity to adjust the vibration frequency of the screen body.

Further, the included angle between the screen surface and the horizontal after the screen body is installed is 1-25°.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention can automatically adjust the shelling gap (the distance between the flat washboard and the flat screen) according to the different feeding amounts of different peanut varieties, which can realize a flexible shelling process and has strong shelling adaptability. According to the characteristics of small-scale breeding and shelling of the present invention, the combination of rubbing and extrusion shelling is used as the shelling principle. In order to give better play to the advantages of flexible shelling and extrusion shelling, the shelling parts of the shelling machine are not in the form of drum and concave plate screen, but in the form of plane type, compared with the combination of drum and concave plate screen The shelling part has a relatively larger working area, which can improve the shelling efficiency and is not easy to cause blockage.

2. The shelling screen of the present invention is of replaceable design, and the replacement is convenient. When shelling peanuts according to different grain types, the shelling screen of suitable specifications can be selected, and the problem that the peanut kernels cannot pass through is also avoided. Under the screen, the rigidity is guaranteed according to its own structure. In fact, it has a good flatness, which improves the stability of the shelling quality.

3. The plane shelling part of the present invention moves slowly, which is beneficial to reduce the shelling breakage rate; in addition, compared with the rotary shelling part, the plane shelling is an open shelling, which is not easy to cause residues and blockages, and can improve the efficiency of the shelling. Shelling quality.

4. The present invention controls the movement speed of the flat washboard through the crank connecting rod mechanism, which can effectively realize the effect of kneading and shelling the peanuts. In addition, the extrusion mechanism acting on the plane screen adopts an elastic extrusion device to squeeze the peanut pods. The pressure is within a suitable elastic range, and the sheller clearance is ensured within a reasonable range.

5. The air selection cavity of the present invention adopts the design of closed upper and lower openings on both sides, including the air inlet, the peanut shell outlet and the peanut kernel outlet that are connected to each other; the air inlet is arranged horizontally and is connected with the air outlet of the fan; The peanut shell is discharged from the outlet of the peanut kernel smoothly and quickly, and the peanut shell is discharged from the outlet of the peanut shell under the driving of the wind force of the fan, which realizes the substantial separation of the shell and the kernel.

6. The vibrating screen of the present invention is multi-stage screening, which can be classified and screened according to the quality requirements of peanuts, which saves a lot of manpower and material resources and improves production efficiency.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic half-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible shelling device in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the flat washboard in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable elastic support mechanism in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 7 is an axonometric view of the screening device of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibrating screen in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the eccentric disk in FIG. 7 .

Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the hopper in Figure 1 .

In the picture: 1. Rack,

2. Flexible shelling device, 21. Flat washboard, 211. Flat washboard shell, 212. Flat washboard core, 22. Shelling screen, 23. Adjustable elastic support mechanism, 231. Upper support seat, 232. Tension spring, 233. Lower support seat, 234. Rod, 235. Adjusting stud, 236. Thick nut, 237. Thin nut, 238. Limit block, 239. Cylindrical pin, 24. Flat washboard adjustment slide, 25. Screen Adjusting seat, 26. baffle;

3. Air separation device, 31. Feed bin, 311. Feed inlet, 312. Interconnected air inlet, 313. Peanut shell outlet, 314. Peanut kernel outlet, 32. Fan, 321. Fan shaft;

4. Screening device, 41. Screen body, 42. Screen mesh, 43. Connecting rod, 44. Eccentric disc, 45. Vibration shaft, 46. Joint bearing, 47. Swing rod;

5. Transmission device, 51. Motor, 52. Shelling transmission mechanism, 521. Shelling crank, 522. Shelling rocker, 53. Reduction shaft, 54. Transmission chain I, 541. Small pulley I, 55. Transmission chain II, 551. Double groove pulley, 552. Large pulley II, 56. Transmission chain III, 561. Small pulley III, 562. Large pulley III, 57. Transmission chain IV, 571. Small pulley IV , 572. Large pulley IV, 58. Shelling shaft;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment: As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of flexible flat rubbing peanut shelling machine for community breeding of the present invention comprises frame 1, flexible shelling device 2, air selection device 3, screening device 4 and transmission device 5 , the flexible shelling device 2 is located inside the rack 1 and is connected to the top of the rack 1. In the flexible shelling device 2, a non-closed shelling space is formed by a flat washboard 21 and a shelling screen 22; The silo of the selection device 3 is located in the middle of the frame 1, and is connected to the lower part of the flexible shelling device 2; , Wind sorting device and screening device; when working, the transmission device drives the flat washboard of the flexible shelling device to reciprocate parallel to the horizontal plane, so that the peanut pod husk between the flat washboard 21 and the flat-rubbing screen is subjected to the flexible extrusion force and the flat-rubbing force. It is cracked and broken by force to complete the flexible shelling. The peanut shell is blown out of the rack by the air flow of the air selection device, and the peanut kernels fall into the screening device to complete the screening of the kernels.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 , the flexible shelling device 2 includes a flat washboard 21, a shelling screen 22 adjustable elastic support mechanism 23, a flat washboard adjusting slide 24, a screen adjusting seat 25 and a stopper. Plate 26, the flat washboard adjusting slideway 24 and the screen adjusting seat 25 are installed on the frame 1 up and down parallel to the horizontal plane, baffles are arranged around the flat washboard adjusting slideway 24 and the screen adjusting seat 25, and are respectively supported The flat washboard 21 and the adjustable elastic support mechanism 23; the flat washboard 21 is composed of a flat washboard core 212 inside the flat washboard shell 211, and a shelling screen 22 is arranged below the flat washboard 21. The upper plane of the shell screen 22 and the flat rubbing shell 211 enclose a non-closed shelling space, the upper end of the flat rubbing plate 21 is connected to the flat rubbing plate adjusting slideway 24, and the screen adjusting seat is below the frame on both sides of the shelling screen 22. 25. A plurality of adjustable elastic support mechanisms 23 are evenly spaced to adjust the shelling gap. The size of the shelling space is obtained by adjusting the shelling gap through the adjustable elastic support mechanism 23 under the shelling screen 22. The space that can accommodate peanuts is 9.37L (before shelling gap adjustment) to 11.98L (after shelling gap adjustment).

In this example, the baffle plate 26 placed at the end of the shelling rotating shaft 58 of the transmission device is fixed on the frame 1, the baffle plate at the other end is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the baffle plates 26 on both sides are rotatably connected to the screen through folding. The net adjustment seat 25 is used to block the peanut kernels and broken husks splashed out during shelling.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 , one end on both sides of the flat washboard shell 211 is symmetrically arranged with a plurality of holes for connecting the flat washboard core 212 vertically to adjust the horizontal angle of the flat washboard core 212, and its adjustment range is- 2° to 2°; the flat washboard adjusting slideway 24 and the screen adjusting seat 25 on the frame 1 are symmetrically arranged with a plurality of holes vertically at one end on both sides of the installation position to connect the flat washboard adjusting slideway 24 and the screen mesh adjusting base 25. Screen adjusting seat 25, and adjust its horizontal angle, and its adjustment range is -2°～2°. The flat washboard 21 is supported by the flat washboard adjusting slideway 24 and its angle is adjusted. The adjustable elastic mechanism 23 is installed on the screen adjusting seat 25, the angle of the shelling screen 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the screen adjusting seat 25, and the angle can be fine-tuned by adjusting the adjustable elastic mechanism 23.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4-5 , the flat washboard core 212 is formed by arranging a plurality of ribs in parallel in a rectangular frame, the direction of the ribs is perpendicular to the movement direction, and the cross-sectional shape of the ribs is a circle. , the diameter of the selection range is 5 ~ 10mm, the spacing of the ribs is 15 ~ 30mm, and the ribs are made of No. 45 steel with a smooth surface, threaded steel or No. 45 steel wrapped by a smooth surface rubber material.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 , the adjustable elastic support mechanism 23 includes an upper support base 231, a tension spring 232, a lower support base 233, a rod 234, an adjustment stud 235, a limit block 238 and a cylindrical pin 239, The number of the rods 234 is six, one rod is set on a pair of parallel sides, and two parallel rods are set on the other pair of parallel sides, which are hinged to each other to form a parallelogram structure, and the two opposite top corner ends of the parallelogram structure are respectively The upper support seat 231 and the lower support seat 233 are hingedly connected, and the two ends of the tension spring 232 are respectively connected with the other two apex hinge shafts of the parallelogram structure. In this example, the hinge shafts are fixed by inserting cylindrical pins 239; Limit blocks 238 are symmetrically welded on both sides to limit the maximum adjustment amount of the adjustable elastic support mechanism 232 with a maximum adjustment of 20 mm; both ends of the upper support seat 231 are fixed to the shelling screen 22, and both ends of the lower support seat 233 are connected to the frame 1 fixed.

Further, as shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 6, the vertical distance between the lower surface of the flat washboard core 212 and the upper surface of the shelling screen 22 is the shelling gap, which is adjusted by adjusting the elastic support mechanism 23. The shell gap is 23.5 to 28.5 mm. The position of the initial shelling gap is adjusted by adjusting the thick nut 236 and the thin nut 237 on the adjusting stud 235 of the elastic support mechanism 23; when the elastic support mechanism 23 is loaded, the internal tension spring 232 is pulled, resulting in a parallelogram structure The height of the pods changes, so as to adjust the shelling gap to adapt to the shelling operations of different peanut varieties and pod sizes. In this example, there are 3 to 6 adjustable elastic support mechanisms 23 arranged on both sides of the shelling screen 22 respectively.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the screening device 4 is located inside the frame 1, and includes a vibration device, a screen 42, a connecting rod 43, a joint bearing 46, a swing rod 47, a screen body 41 and a The screen 42 in the screen body 41, the screen body 41 is hinged with the frame 1 through four swing rods 47 respectively, the inclination angle between the screen body 41 and the ground is realized by the swing rod 47, and the screen surface and the horizontal clamp are installed after installation. The angle is 1 to 25°, and the screen 42 is provided with two layers, including an oval mesh mesh and a slot-shaped mesh mesh. For replacement, a set of the connecting rods 43 is provided, one end is hinged at the bottom of the sieve body 41, and the other end is connected with the vibration device through the joint bearing 46, so as to drive the sieve body 41 to reciprocate, and the pendulum rod 47 passes through The joint bearings 46 provided at both ends are hinged with the frame 1 and the bottom of the screen body 41 respectively.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 , the vibration device includes a vibration shaft 45 and an eccentric disc 44 , and the vibration shaft 45 is installed on the frame through two sets of bearings with a seat. The wheel disc 44 is installed on one end of the vibration shaft 45 , and the eccentric wheel disc 44 is connected with one end of the connecting rod 43 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 , the eccentric disc 44 is provided with a plurality of installation holes with different eccentricities, and the plurality of installation holes with different eccentricities can correspond to the connecting rods 43 respectively. The adjustable range of eccentricity r is 20-40mm, so as to adjust the vibration frequency of the screen body 41.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 10 , the air separation device 3 includes a silo 31 and a fan 32. The silo 31 is composed of four steel plates and two parts of the air duct, which are welded by four steel plates. The inlet 311 that forms the closing mouth is connected to the air duct. The air duct adopts a semi-closed structure and has a feeding port 311, an air inlet 312, a peanut shell outlet 313 and a peanut kernel outlet 314; the bottom opposite to the feeding port 311 is provided with peanuts The kernel outlet 314 has a horizontally arranged air inlet 312 on the side wall of the air duct corresponding to the air outlet end of the fan, and is connected with the air outlet of the fan 32, and the corresponding end of the air inlet of the air duct is the peanut shell outlet 313, the fan The fan 32 includes a fan 32 and a fan shaft 321. The fan 32 is installed below the material distribution bin 31 on one side of the frame 1 through connecting bolts. The fan shaft 321 is provided with a double-slot pulley 551 of a transmission device.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission device includes a motor 51, a transmission chain I connected with the fan 32, a transmission chain II connected by the fan 32 and the screening device 4, and the screening device 4 is connected with the deceleration shaft 53 in a driving connection. The transmission chain III, the transmission chain IV of the deceleration shaft 53 and the shelling transmission mechanism 52 are connected to each other, the transmission chain I, the transmission chain II, the transmission chain III and the transmission chain IV are all belt drives, and a pulley is installed on the output shaft of the motor 51. I541, the double-groove pulley 551 is installed on the fan shaft 321, the large pulley II 552 and the small pulley III 561 are respectively installed on the vibration shaft 45 of the screening device 4, and the de-hulling transmission mechanism 52 is installed on the deceleration shaft 53 in the middle of the frame side Set the large pulley III562 and the small pulley IV571, the large pulley IV572 is installed on the shelling rotating shaft 58 of the shelling transmission mechanism 52, the double-groove pulley 551 is respectively connected with the small pulley I541 and the large pulley II552 on the vibration shaft 45, Transmission belts are respectively sleeved between the small pulley III561 on the vibration shaft 45 and the large pulley III562, the small pulley IV571 and the large pulley IV572 set in the middle of the frame side on the deceleration shaft 53. The power output by the motor 51 is input to the fan 32 , the screening device 4 , the deceleration shaft 53 and the shelling transmission mechanism 52 through the belt drive for deceleration processing, and finally the fan 32 , the screening device 4 and the flexible shelling device 2 The components work together to realize the work process of peanut shelling and cleaning.

The shelling transmission mechanism 52 includes two sets of crank-rocker mechanisms symmetrically arranged at both ends of the shelling rotating shaft 58, the shelling crank 521 and the shelling rocker 522 are hinged, and the shelling crank 521 end is connected to the shelling rotating shaft, The shelling rocker 522 end is connected to the flat washboard 21, and the shelling rotation shaft 58 is rotated to drive the shelling crank 521 to rotate around it, and drive the flat washboard 21 connected to the shelling rocker 522 to swing back and forth with the crank rocker to achieve Knead evenly.

The other components of the present invention all adopt the existing structure, which will not be repeated.

The object of the present invention is to provide a peanut shelling machine with simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, suitable for small area breeding or small unit planting area, etc., in order to solve the problem of low shelling damage rate and net fruit rate in the prior art The problem.

It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or It is equivalent to replacement to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the needs of use are met, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of flexible flat rubbing peanut shelling machine for community breeding, is characterized in that: comprise frame (1), flexible shelling device (2), wind selection device (3), screening device (4) and transmission device ( 5), the flexible shelling device (2) is located inside the frame (1), and is connected to the top of the frame (1), and the flexible shelling device (2) is composed of a flat washboard (21) and a shelling screen. (22) forming a non-enclosed shelling space; the silo of the air separation device (3) is located in the middle of the frame (1), and is connected below the flexible shelling device (2), and the screening device (4) It is installed below the wind separation device (3) in the frame, and the transmission device (5) is respectively connected to the flexible shelling device, the wind separation device and the screening device; when working, the transmission device drives the flat washboard of the flexible shelling device to be parallel to the horizontal plane The reciprocating movement makes the peanut pod shell between the flat washboard and the flat rubbing screen cracked and broken under the action of the flexible extrusion force and the flat rubbing force to complete the flexible shelling. The nuts fall into the screening device to complete the screening of the nuts. 2. The flexible flat-rubbing peanut shelling machine for plot breeding according to claim 1, wherein the flexible shelling device (2) comprises a flat washboard (21), a shelling screen (22), an adjustable elasticity The support mechanism (23), the flat washboard adjustment slideway (24), the screen mesh adjustment seat (25) and the baffle plate (26), the flat washboard adjustment slideway (24) and the screen mesh adjustment base (25) are vertically parallel to each other. The horizontal plane is installed on the frame (1), and a baffle plate (26) is arranged around the flat washboard adjusting slide (24) and the screen adjusting seat (25). A flat washboard core (212) is installed inside, and a shelling screen (22) is arranged below the flat washboard (21), which consists of the lower plane of the flat washboard core (212), the upper plane of the shelling screen (22) and the flat shell. (211) A non-enclosed shelling space is formed, the upper end of the flat washboard is connected to the flat washboard adjusting slide (24), and the screen adjusting seat (25) is evenly spaced under the frame on both sides of the shelling screen (22) A plurality of adjustable elastic support mechanisms (23) are provided to adjust the shelling gap. 3. The flexible flat-rubbing peanut shelling machine for small-scale breeding according to claim 2, is characterized in that: one end of the flat-rubbing shell (211) both sides symmetrically arranges a plurality of connecting flat washboard cores (212) along the vertical direction. The hole position is used to adjust the horizontal angle of the flat washboard core (212), and the adjustment range is -2° to 2°; the flat washboard adjusting slideway (24) and the screen adjusting seat (25) on the frame (1) One end on both sides of the installation position is symmetrically arranged with a plurality of holes in the vertical direction to connect the flat washboard adjusting slide (24) and the screen adjusting seat (25), and adjust the horizontal angle, the adjustment range is -2°～ 2°. 4. The flexible flat-rubbing peanut sheller for plot breeding according to claim 2 or 3 is characterized in that: the flat-washboard core (212) is formed by arranging a plurality of ribs side by side in a rectangular frame, and the ribs The direction is perpendicular to the movement direction, the cross-sectional shape of the rib is circular, the spacing between the rib is t=15-30mm, and the rib is made of No. any kind of material. 5. The flexible flat rubbing peanut shelling machine for plot breeding according to claim 2, wherein the adjustable elastic support mechanism (23) comprises an upper support seat (231), a tension spring (232), a lower support seat (233), rods (234), adjusting studs (235), limit blocks (238) and cylindrical pins (239), the rods (234) are six, and one rod is provided by a pair of parallel sides The other pair of parallel sides is provided with two parallel rods, which are hinged to each other to form a parallelogram structure. The two opposite top corner ends of the parallelogram structure are hinged to the upper support seat (231) and the lower support seat (233), respectively, and the tension spring ( 232) The two ends are respectively connected with the other two apex hinge shafts of the parallelogram structure, and limit blocks (238) are symmetrically welded on both sides of the parallelogram structure on the lower support seat (233); the two ends of the upper support seat (231) are connected to the shelling The screen mesh (22) is fixed, and both ends of the lower support base (233) are fixed to the frame (1). 6. The flexible flat-rubbing peanut sheller for plot breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air-selecting device (3) comprises a dividing bin (31) and a fan (32), and the The silo (31) is composed of four steel plates and two parts of the air duct welded together. The four side plates are welded to form a closure and are connected to the inlet (311) of the air duct. The air duct adopts a semi-closed structure and has a material inlet (311). , Interconnected air inlet, peanut shell outlet and peanut kernel outlet; the bottom opposite to the feed inlet is provided with a peanut kernel outlet, and a horizontally arranged air inlet is opened on the side wall of the air duct corresponding to the air outlet end of the fan, and is connected with the fan ( 32) is connected to the air outlet, the corresponding end of the air duct air inlet is the peanut shell outlet, the fan (32) is installed on the frame (1), and the double-slot pulley of the transmission system is set on the fan shaft (321). (551). 7. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described screening device (4) is positioned at the inner bottom of rack (1), comprising vibrating device, screen (42), A connecting rod (43), a joint bearing (46), a swing rod (47), a screen body (41) and a screen (42) arranged in the screen body (41), the screen body (41) passing through four pendulums The rods (47) are respectively hinged to the frame (1), and the screen (42) is provided with two layers, including an oval screen screen and a slot screen screen, which are installed in parallel in the vibrating screen (41), A set of the connecting rods (43) is provided, one end is hinged at the bottom of the sieve body (41), and the other end is connected with the vibration device through a joint bearing (46) to drive the sieve body (41) to reciprocate, The swing rod (47) is hinged with the frame (1) and the bottom of the screen body (41) through the joint bearings (46) provided at both ends thereof, respectively. 8. according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described vibrating device comprises vibrating shaft (45), eccentric wheel (44), and described vibrating shaft (45) passes through two The belt seat bearing is mounted on the frame, the eccentric wheel (44) is mounted on one end of the vibration shaft (45), and the eccentric wheel (44) is connected with one end of the connecting rod (43). 9. The flexible flat-rubbing peanut shelling machine for plot breeding according to claim 8, characterized in that: the eccentric disc (44) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes with different eccentricities, and the eccentricity r is 20～20 40mm, connected to the connecting rod (43) through different installation holes, and the eccentricity is adjusted to adjust the amplitude of the screen body (41). 10 . The flexible flat-rubbing peanut sheller for community breeding according to claim 7 , wherein the angle between the sieve surface and the horizontal after the sieve body (41) is installed is 1° to 25°. 11 .

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