CN115031432B - Carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic thermal energy and soil cross-seasonal cold storage and supercooling - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic thermal energy and soil cross-seasonal cold storage and supercooling

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Publication number
CN115031432B
CN115031432B CN202210786859.4A CN202210786859A CN115031432B CN 115031432 B CN115031432 B CN 115031432B CN 202210786859 A CN202210786859 A CN 202210786859A CN 115031432 B CN115031432 B CN 115031432B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
water
inlet
outlet
pressure stage
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CN202210786859.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115031432A (en
Inventor
代宝民
孟晨阳
周璇
赵佳仪
孔子昂
宗凡迪
宋奕蕃
徐田雅慧
肖鹏
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Tianjin University of Commerce
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Tianjin University of Commerce
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/02—Subcoolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/04—Desuperheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/30—Thermophotovoltaic systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/42—Cooling means
    • H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/40—Photovoltaic [PV] modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了基于光伏光热与土壤跨季节蓄冷过冷的二氧化碳制冷系统，包括：PV/T系统，其与CO2制冷循环系统相连接，用于为CO2制冷循环系统提供电能以及为用户提供热水；CO2制冷循环系统，用于对特定的空间进行制冷；制热系统，用于对特定的空间进行供暖；土壤蓄冷过冷循环系统，分别与PV/T系统和CO2制冷循环系统相连接，用于在冬季在土壤中蓄冷，并在夏季从土壤释冷，对PV/T系统和CO2制冷循环系统进行冷却。本发明搭载了土壤蓄冷过冷技术，利用气体冷却器产生的热量及环境能量、自来水冷量和和外部环境空气中的自然冷量，冷却制冷剂和太阳能板，提高了整个CO2制冷系统的制冷效率、PV/T系统的发电效率。

The present invention discloses a CO2 refrigeration system based on photovoltaic solar heat and soil-based inter-seasonal cold storage and supercooling. The system comprises: a PV/T system connected to a CO2 refrigeration cycle system to provide electricity to the CO2 refrigeration cycle system and hot water to users; a CO2 refrigeration cycle system to cool a specific space; a heating system to heat the specific space; and a soil-based cold storage and supercooling cycle system, connected to the PV/T system and the CO2 refrigeration cycle system, respectively, to store cold in the soil during winter and release it from the soil during summer to cool the PV/T system and the CO2 refrigeration cycle system. The present invention utilizes soil-based cold storage and supercooling technology, utilizing heat generated by a gas cooler, environmental energy, tap water cooling, and natural cooling from the external ambient air to cool the refrigerant and solar panels, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the entire CO2 refrigeration system and the power generation efficiency of the PV/T system.

Description

Carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation supercooling
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration systems, in particular to a carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling.
Background
With the increasing global climate problem, the refrigeration and air conditioning industry is also looking for environmentally friendly refrigerants to replace high GWP (global warming potential) refrigerants such as HFCs.
In recent years, the replacement of refrigerant becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry. The natural working medium carbon dioxide CO 2 is an environment-friendly natural working medium which is nontoxic, nonflammable, abundant in source and large in refrigerating capacity per unit volume, has zero ODP (ozone hazard degree) and extremely low GWP (global warming potential) value, and is favored by the industry.
However, the critical temperature of CO 2 is only 31.1 ℃, and the critical pressure is as high as 7.38MPa, so that the irreversible throttling loss is large, and the refrigerating efficiency of the whole CO 2 refrigerating system is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling aiming at the technical defects existing in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling, which comprises a PV/T system, a CO 2 refrigerating cycle system, a heating system and a soil cold accumulation and supercooling cycle system;
the PV/T system is connected with the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system and is used for providing electric energy for the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system and providing hot water for users;
The CO 2 refrigeration cycle system is used for refrigerating a specific space;
a heating system for heating a specific space;
The soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system is respectively connected with the PV/T system and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system and is used for accumulating cold in soil in winter and releasing cold from the soil in summer so as to cool the PV/T system and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that the design is scientific, the soil cold accumulation and supercooling technology is carried, the heat and environmental energy generated by the gas cooler are fully utilized, the water cooling capacity and the natural cooling capacity in the external environment air are fully utilized, the refrigerant and the solar panel are cooled, the refrigerating efficiency and the energy efficiency of the whole CO 2 refrigerating system are improved, the power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic/photo-thermal (PV/T) system is improved, and the system can be widely applied to the refrigerating and heating integrated application fields for household, commercial and industrial use and has great practical significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a working schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cold accumulation and supercooling in a cross-season mode, wherein components which are not used are omitted from drawing in summer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cold accumulation and supercooling across seasons, wherein components not used are omitted from drawing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing distribution of back plate pipelines of a PV/T solar panel in the carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling provided by the invention;
in the figure, 1 to 14 are respectively a first valve to a fourteenth valve;
20 is a fifteenth valve, 24 is a sixteenth valve, 31 is a seventeenth valve, and 34 is an eighteenth valve;
36 is the nineteenth valve, 37 is the twentieth valve, 49 is the twenty-first valve, 50 is the twenty-second valve, and 54 is the twenty-third valve;
17 is a first three-way valve, 18 is a second three-way valve, 19 is a third three-way valve, 22 is a fourth three-way valve, 23 is a fifth three-way valve, 26 is a sixth three-way valve, 44 is a seventh three-way valve, 45 is an eighth three-way valve, and 48 is a ninth three-way valve;
16 is a water separator, 15 is a water collector, and 21 is a water-cooled evaporator;
25 is a first air-cooled evaporator, 32 is a second air-cooled evaporator;
28 is a first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor, 29 is a second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor, and 30 is a third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor;
27 is a first expansion valve, 33 is a second expansion valve, 35 is a space heating water pump;
38 is a first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor, 39 is a second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor, and 40 is a third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor;
41 is a subcooler, 42 is a CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler, 43 is a CO2 air-cooled gas cooler, 46 is a desuperheater, 47 is a tap water pump, and 55 is a cooling tower;
51 is a heat storage water tank, 52 is a PV/T solar panel, and 53 is user side water using equipment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling, which comprises a photovoltaic/photo-thermal (PV/T) system, a CO 2 refrigeration cycle system, a heating system (i.e. a space heating system) and a soil cold accumulation and supercooling cycle system;
A PV/T (photovoltaic/photo-thermal) system connected with the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system for providing electric energy for the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system (particularly a compressor therein) and providing hot water for a user;
A CO 2 refrigeration cycle system for refrigerating a specific space (e.g., a building);
a heating system (i.e., a space heating system) for heating a specific space (e.g., a certain building);
The soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system is respectively connected with the PV/T system and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system and is used for accumulating cold in soil in winter and releasing cold from the soil in summer so as to cool the PV/T system and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system.
In the invention, in particular, the PV/T system comprises a PV/T solar panel 52, a tap water pump 47, a heat storage water tank 51 and user side water equipment 53;
the water inlet of the tap water pump 47 is communicated with the existing tap water pipe network;
The water outlet of the tap water pump 47 is communicated with the inlet of a ninth three-way valve 48;
Two outlets of the ninth three-way valve 48 are respectively communicated with an inlet of the twenty-first valve 49 and an inlet of the twenty-second valve 50;
wherein the outlet of the twenty-first valve 49 is communicated with the first water inlet of the subcooler 41 in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle;
a first water outlet of the subcooler 41 is communicated with a first water inlet of the PV/T solar panel 52;
it should be noted that, the first water inlet and the first water outlet of the subcooler 41 are connected through a separate pipe (specifically, the water pipe 3401) for flowing tap water, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the PV/T solar panel 52 includes a back panel 3402, and the water pipe 3401 in the back panel 3402 is used for flowing tap water.
The first water outlet of the PV/T solar panel 52 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the twenty-second valve 50 and the water inlet of the desuperheater 46 in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system;
The first water inlet and the first water outlet of the PV/T solar panel 52 are connected by separate pipes.
The water outlet of the desuperheater 46 is communicated with the water inlet of the heat storage water tank 51;
The water outlet of the heat storage water tank 51 is communicated with a user-side water device 53.
In particular, the power supply output end of the PV/T solar panel 52 is connected to the power input ends of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29, the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30, the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39, and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40 in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system, and is used for providing electric energy to these compressors.
The first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29, and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30 are compressors connected in parallel to each other.
Thus, based on the above connection, a photovoltaic/photo-thermal (PV/T) system can be formed.
In particular, a twenty-third valve 54 is provided in a connection pipe between the water outlet of the heat storage water tank 51 and the user-side water device 53.
In particular, the user-side water device 53 is a device for the user to use hot water, such as a faucet for a toilet or kitchen, or other living device requiring hot water.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the back sheet of the PV/T solar panel 34 has two serpentine coils placed in parallel, without intersecting each other. The heat conduction silica gel is adhered on the coil pipe, so that the contact thermal resistance between the serpentine coil pipe and the photovoltaic panel can be reduced. One pipeline is filled with tap water, and the other pipeline is filled with glycol aqueous solution. The two pipelines can cool the PV/T photovoltaic panel at the same time. In the present invention, the tap water pump 47 divides tap water into two parts after pumping out the tap water, and the PV/T system specifically includes the following two operation modes:
In summer operation mode, in summer, the twenty-second valve 50 is controlled to be closed by the ninth three-way valve 48, and the twenty-first valve 49 is controlled to be opened, tap water firstly flows through the subcooler 41 of the CO 2 refrigeration cycle, the subcooler 41 exchanges heat, the temperature of the tap water rises after absorbing heat, then flows through the back pipeline (namely the water pipeline 3401 in the back panel 3402) of the PV/T solar panel 52, the heat of the PV/T solar panel 52 is absorbed, the temperature of the tap water continues to rise, then the tap water passes through the desuperheater 46 of the CO 2 refrigeration cycle, the temperature of the tap water rises again, and finally the formed hot water enters the heat storage water tank 51 to be stored for later use, so that the heat utilization route is completed.
In winter operation mode, the twenty-first valve 49 is controlled to be closed by the ninth three-way valve 48, the twenty-second valve 50 is controlled to be opened, tap water is pumped out and enters the desuperheater 46 after passing through the twenty-second valve 50, so that the temperature of the tap water is increased, then the tap water enters the heat storage water tank 51 after exiting from the desuperheater 46, and then enters the user side water using equipment 53 after passing through the twenty-third valve 54, so that the operation process of the whole system is completed.
In winter, the water-cooled evaporator 21 exchanges heat with the soil, the first air-cooled evaporator 25 exchanges heat with the air, the refrigeration cycle medium CO 2 absorbs heat, and the heat released from the superheater 46 is absorbed by tap water and stored in the heat storage water tank 51 for heat supply. The opening and closing of the water-cooled evaporator 21 and the first air-cooled evaporator 25 are selectively controlled by a fifth three-way valve 23. When the soil temperature is higher, the pipeline of the water-cooled evaporator 21 is opened, when the air temperature is higher, the first air-cooled evaporator 25 is opened, and when the domestic hot water demand of a user is higher, both the two are opened.
In the present invention, in particular, the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system specifically includes a first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, a second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29, and a third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30, a first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, a second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39, and a third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40, a CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43, a CO 2 gas cooler 42, a desuperheater 46, a subcooler 41, a water-cooled evaporator 21, a first air-cooled evaporator 25, and a second air-cooled evaporator 32;
Wherein the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 is operated in winter and the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43 is operated in summer, the switching of both being controlled by the seventh three-way valve 44 and the eighth three-way valve 45.
The first low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second low-pressure stage compressor 29, the first high-pressure stage compressor 38 and the second high-pressure stage compressor 39 of the first CO 2 and the second high-pressure stage compressor 39 of the second CO 2 are fixed-frequency compressors, and the third high-pressure stage compressor 40 of the third CO 2 and the third high-pressure stage compressor 40 of the third CO 2 are variable-frequency compressors, so that the continuous adjustment of the power of the compressors can be realized.
In the present invention, the application temperature of the subcooler 41 is in the range of 5-40 ℃ in particular;
The application temperature of the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43 and the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 is in the range of 30-50 ℃;
The application temperature of the desuperheater 46 is in the range of 50-130 deg.c.
Wherein, the working medium outlet of the water-cooled evaporator 21 is communicated with one inlet of the sixth three-way valve 26;
The outlet of the sixth three-way valve 26 is respectively communicated with working medium inlets of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29 and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30;
wherein, the working medium outlet of the first air-cooled evaporator 25 is communicated with the other inlet of the sixth three-way valve 26;
the outlet of the sixth three-way valve 26 is communicated with working medium inlets of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29 and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30;
The working medium outlets of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29 and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30 are connected with the working medium inlets of the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39 and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40;
The working medium inlets of the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39 and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40 are also communicated with the working medium outlet of the second air-cooled evaporator 32;
The working medium outlets of the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39 and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40 are communicated with the working medium inlet of the desuperheater 46;
the working medium outlet of the superheater 46 is communicated with the inlet of the eighth three-way valve 45;
two outlets of the eighth three-way valve 45 are respectively communicated with inlets of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 and the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43;
An eighth three-way valve 45 for controlling the flow of the CO 2 working medium to the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 and the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43;
the outlets of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 and the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43 are respectively communicated with the inlet of a seventh three-way valve 44;
An outlet of the seventh three-way valve 44 is communicated with a working medium inlet of the subcooler 41;
a working medium outlet of the subcooler 41 is connected with an inlet of the second expansion valve 33;
The outlet of the second expansion valve 33 is connected to the seventeenth valve 31 and the inlet of the first expansion valve 27, respectively;
the outlet of the seventeenth valve 31 is communicated with the working medium inlet of the air-cooled evaporator 32;
the outlet of the first expansion valve 27 is in communication with the inlet of the fifth three-way valve 23;
Two outlets of the fifth three-way valve 23 are respectively communicated with an inlet of the sixteenth valve 24 and an inlet of the fifteenth valve 20;
an outlet of the sixteenth valve 24 is communicated with a working medium inlet of the first air-cooled evaporator 25;
The outlet of the fifteenth valve 20 is in communication with the working medium inlet of the water-cooled evaporator 21.
In particular, it should be noted that the water-cooled evaporator 21 is installed in a machine room in a building, contacts with soil, and is used for absorbing heat in the soil;
In particular, the first air-cooled evaporator 25 is mounted on the roof of the building to exchange heat with air and absorb the temperature in the environment, and the second air-cooled evaporator 30 is mounted on the roof of the building to function as a refrigerating system evaporator.
Thus, based on the above connection, one CO 2 refrigeration cycle can be formed.
In the concrete implementation, the working medium adopted by the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system is natural working medium carbon dioxide CO 2.
The CO 2 refrigeration cycle includes a CO 2 evaporator, a CO 2 compressor, a CO 2 gas cooler, and two expansion valves. The low temperature and low pressure CO 2 fluid at the outlet of the CO 2 evaporator (including the water-cooled evaporator 21 and the first and second air-cooled evaporators 25 and 32) is compressed by a CO 2 compressor (first CO 2 low pressure stage compressor 28), The second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29 and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30 and the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39 and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40), then the CO 2 fluid is compressed to high temperature and high pressure and then enters into a desuperheater, The coolers (respectively comprising a CO2 air-cooled gas cooler 43 and a CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42, and during refrigeration, the seventh three-way valve 44 and the eighth three-way valve 45 are utilized to adjust, so that the working medium flows through the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler 43), exchanges heat with heat exchange fluid in the subcooler, then flows through the second expansion valve 33 and the first expansion valve 27 to be throttled and depressurized, and then evaporates and absorbs heat in the water-cooled evaporator 21, the first air-cooled evaporator 25 and the second air-cooled evaporator 32, thus completing the CO 2 refrigeration cycle.
In the present invention, in particular, the heating system (i.e., space heating system) includes, in particular, a space heating water pump 35;
the water inlet of the space heating water pump 35 is connected with the backwater outlet of the space heating pipeline in the specific space;
a water outlet of the space heat supply water pump 35 is connected with an inlet of a nineteenth valve 36;
An outlet of the nineteenth valve 36 is connected with a water inlet of a CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle;
The water outlet of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 is connected to the water inlet of a space heating pipe (e.g., a heating pipe in a building such as an existing heating pipe) in a specific space.
Therefore, based on the above connection method, the space heating process can be completed.
In the present invention, the space-heating water pump 35 pumps (i.e., pumps) circulating water into the heating system.
The heat exchange fluid in the heating system is water.
In the present invention, a heating system (i.e., a space heating system) includes the following operation modes:
In winter, the space heating water pump 35 pumps out the backwater of the space heating pipeline, and then enters the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 through the nineteenth valve 36, and then the backwater of the space heating pipeline is heated by the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42, and then the backwater (i.e. hot water) of the space heating pipeline after temperature rise flowing out of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 enters the existing space heating pipeline, so that the heating process is completed.
In the invention, the soil cold accumulation supercooling circulation system is particularly used for cooling the refrigerant at the outlet of the supercooler 41 in the PV/photo-thermal (PV/T) solar panel 52 and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system in the PV/photo-thermal (PV/T) system;
the soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system specifically comprises a water separator 16, a water collector 15 and a cold supplementing tower 55,
An inlet of the water separator 16 is connected with an outlet of the sixth valve 6;
The outlet of the water separator 16 is respectively connected with the inlets of the eighth valve 8, the tenth valve 10, the twelfth valve 12 and the fourteenth valve 14;
the outlet of the eighth valve 8 is connected with the inlet of the seventh valve 7 through the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger 101;
The outlet of the seventh valve 7 is connected with the inlet of the water separator 15;
The outlet of the tenth valve 10 is connected with the inlet of the ninth valve 9 through a second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger 102;
The outlet of the ninth valve 9 is connected with the inlet of the water separator 15;
the outlet of the twelfth valve 12 is connected with the inlet of the eleventh valve 11 through a third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger 103;
the outlet of the eleventh valve 11 is connected with the inlet of the water separator 15;
The outlet of the fourteenth valve 14 is connected with the inlet of the thirteenth valve 13 through a fourth U-shaped borehole heat exchanger 104;
the outlet of the thirteenth valve 13 is connected to the inlet of the water collector 15;
The first, second, third and fourth U-shaped borehole heat exchangers are U-shaped heat exchangers, and are buried in the soil 100.
The outlet of the water collector 15 is connected with the inlet of the fifth valve 5;
the outlet of the fifth valve 5 is connected with the inlet of the first three-way valve 17;
two outlets of the first three-way valve 17 are respectively connected with the inlet of the first valve 1 and the inlet of the third valve 3;
The outlet of the first valve 1 is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower 55 (i.e. cooling tower);
the outlet of the cooling tower 55 is connected with the inlet of the second valve 2;
The outlet of the second valve 2 is connected with one inlet of a second three-way valve 18;
the cooling tower 55 is disposed in an outdoor natural environment;
the outlet of the third valve 3 is connected with the inlet of the third three-way valve 19;
Two outlets of the third three-way valve 19 are respectively connected with a second water inlet of the subcooler 41 and a water inlet of the water-cooled evaporator 21 in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system;
A second water outlet of the subcooler 41 is connected with a second water inlet of the PV/T solar panel 52 in the PV/T system;
a second water outlet of the PV/T solar panel 52 is connected to an inlet of the twentieth valve 37;
the outlet of the twentieth valve 37 is connected to one inlet of the fourth three-way valve 22;
the other inlet of the fourth three-way valve 22 is connected with the water outlet of the water-cooled evaporator 21;
The water inlet and the water outlet of the water-cooled evaporator 21 are connected by separate pipes.
An outlet of the fourth three-way valve 22 is connected with an inlet of the fourth valve 4;
The outlet of the fourth valve 4 is connected with the other inlet of the second three-way valve 18;
the outlet of the second three-way valve 18 is connected to the inlet of the water separator 16.
Therefore, based on the connection mode, the cold accumulation and supercooling cycle of the soil can be completed.
In the invention, a plurality of U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers such as a first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the like are used for exchanging energy with soil, utilizing heat in the soil to supply heat in winter and storing cold energy in the air in the soil.
In the present invention, the cooling tower 55 is installed at the roof of a building for exchanging heat with air in winter, absorbing cold energy in the air, and finally storing in soil.
The medium in the soil cold accumulation supercooling circulation system is glycol aqueous solution. The solute of the glycol aqueous solution is glycol, and the solvent is water. In the invention, the volume concentration of the glycol aqueous solution is 20% -45%, the initial solidification temperature is-10 to-30 ℃, and the density range is 1025-1060 kg/m 3.
In the invention, the glycol aqueous solution can prevent cold accumulation caused by freezing of water in winter.
It should be noted that, the second water inlet and the second water outlet of the subcooler 41 are connected through separate pipes (i.e. the glycol water solution pipe 3403 in the back panel 3402 of the PV/T solar panel 52) for flowing through the working medium in the soil cold-storage and subcooling circulation system, i.e. the glycol water solution, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the PV/T solar panel 52 includes the back panel 3402, and the glycol water solution pipe 3403 in the back panel 3402 is for flowing through the glycol water solution in the soil cold-storage and subcooling circulation system.
In the invention, the soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system comprises the following soil cold accumulation and supercooling working modes:
In winter cold accumulation working mode, when in winter cold accumulation, the eighteenth valve 34 and the twentieth valve 37 are closed, the rest valves are opened, the cold energy in the outdoor natural environment is absorbed by the cold supplementing tower 55 (particularly glycol water solution in the cold supplementing tower), and the cold energy is stored in the soil 100 through pipelines (particularly through the water separator 16 and the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger) to supplement natural cold energy for the soil 100;
The glycol aqueous solution in the supplementary cooling tower 55 is used as the secondary refrigerant in the soil cold accumulation supercooling circulation system, is cooled by outdoor air, and then sequentially enters the four U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers, namely the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, and the secondary refrigerant flows in the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger to transfer cold energy to surrounding soil 100, so that the purpose of storing natural cold energy in the soil 100 is achieved. The coolant with the increased temperature is cooled down by the cooling tower 55, thereby completing the whole cycle.
And in a transitional season working mode, stopping the cold accumulation system (namely the soil cold accumulation supercooling circulation system) in a transitional season (namely not in summer and not in winter).
In the summer cooling mode, referring to fig. 2, the first valve 1 and the second valve 2 are closed, the rest valves are opened, the coolant with higher temperature (namely, glycol water solution) flows in the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, after heat is released to the surrounding cold storage soil 100, the temperature of the coolant is reduced, the coolant passes through the subcooler 41 and the PV/T solar panel 52 and is used for cooling CO 2 fluid and the PV/T solar panel 52 in the subcooler 41, and then the coolant with higher temperature returns to the four U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers, namely, the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the surrounding soil 100 to cool, so that the whole cycle is completed.
After the cooling is finished in summer, the soil temperature is basically recovered after a transition period, the cold accumulation is continued in winter in the next year, and the cooling is taken in summer, so that the sustainable operation of the system is ensured.
In the invention, the CO 2 refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cold accumulation and supercooling provided by the invention comprises a PV/T system (namely a solar PV/T assembly), a refrigerating circulation system, a heating system and a soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation. Wherein, the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle system is natural working medium CO 2, the soil cold accumulation supercooling medium is glycol aqueous solution, and the heat exchange fluid of the heating system is water.
In the present invention, a water separator 15 is used for collecting glycol aqueous solutions in different dispersed buried pipes;
A water collector 16 for distributing the glycol aqueous solution equally to the different buried pipes;
A supplementary cooling tower 55 for absorbing cold energy in the air and storing the cold energy in the soil 100;
the water-cooled evaporator 21 is used for exchanging heat with soil in winter, so that the refrigerating medium absorbs the heat of the secondary refrigerant through the water-cooled evaporator, and when the heat load is large, the heat in the air of the low-level heat source is absorbed, and the requirement of the large heat load is met;
The air-cooled evaporator 25 is used for exchanging heat with air in winter, so that the refrigerating working medium absorbs heat in the air, and when the heat load is large, the air-cooled evaporator absorbs heat in the air of a low-position heat source, thereby meeting the requirement of large heat load;
An air-cooled evaporator 32, which is a refrigeration system evaporator, for satisfying a user's refrigeration demand;
The first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 28, the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 29 and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor 30, the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 38, the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 39 and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor 40 are used for compressing working media, so that the working media are heated and boosted;
the superheater 39 is used for realizing heat exchange between the working medium and tap water, reducing the temperature of the working medium, absorbing heat by the tap water, and storing the heat in a heat storage tank for domestic hot water and heat load requirements.
The gas cooler 38 is used for taking away the heat of the refrigerating medium and is used for space heating in winter.
And the subcooler 37 is used for subcooling the working medium by using the glycol solution and the cooling water, so that throttling loss is reduced.
In the invention, the CO 2 refrigerating system is specifically realized, an integrated refrigerating and heating mode of cold accumulation and cold release combined cooling is adopted, in summer, cold in soil is extracted through a secondary refrigerant, and the cold in soil and tap water firstly pass through the subcooler 41 and the backboard of the PV/T solar panel 52 to cool CO 2 fluid at the outlet of the gas cooler and the backboard of the PV/T solar panel 52, so that the sectional gradient utilization of the cold in soil and tap water is realized, the energy efficiency and the solar power generation efficiency of the CO 2 refrigerating system are improved, then the secondary refrigerant continuously absorbs the cold in soil, and the tap water enters the desuperheater 46 to be heated for the second time.
In winter, natural cooling capacity of air is stored in soil through the cooling tower for use in summer across seasons. Tap water is heated by a superheater 46 to produce hot water, and a CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler 42 is used to heat the heated circulating water. Photovoltaic power generation is carried out by solar energy all the year round, and the photovoltaic power generation device is used for supplying power to a compressor in a CO 2 refrigeration cycle system.
In the invention, the CO 2 fluid at the outlet of the CO 2 gas cooler of the refrigeration cycle system is supercooled, so that the throttling loss of the CO 2 refrigeration cycle can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency of the CO 2 refrigeration system is improved.
It should be noted that, solar energy is used as a clean renewable energy source, and the temperature of the photovoltaic panel may be significantly increased during the power generation process, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. The pipeline is laid under the plate, cooling fluid such as water flows in the pipeline, the photovoltaic plate can be cooled, and heat of the photovoltaic plate can be absorbed simultaneously to produce hot water for use. Meanwhile, in the refrigeration system, the photovoltaic panel is adopted to generate electricity for supplying power for the compressor, so that the energy consumption is reduced, a large amount of heat can be generated in the working process of the gas cooler, and the energy utilization rate of the system can be improved by recycling the heat.
The application of the natural cold source is an effective way for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction, and the natural cold source is used as a pollution-free renewable energy source, and has considerable use value. Natural cooling energy also plays an important role in the fields of data center cooling and the like. By utilizing the thermal inertia of the soil, winter cold energy is stored and utilized in a cross-season mode, low-carbon sustainable development can be promoted, and the problem of unbalanced supply and demand of natural cold energy in time is solved.
Compared with the prior art, the carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on the photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation supercooling has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the refrigerating capacity in the soil is extracted in summer and tap water is used for supercooling the refrigerant at the outlet of the gas cooler, and the back plate of the PV/T solar panel 52 is further cooled, so that the power generation efficiency of the CO 2 refrigerating system and the solar energy is cooperatively improved.
2. For the invention, the soil cold accumulation can realize the cold accumulation and cold release in seasons, realize the natural cold energy in winter, and can be used for cooling the CO 2 gas cooler, the desuperheater, the fluid at the outlet of the high-pressure stage compressor and the PV/T solar panel 52 in summer.
3. According to the invention, the glycol solution with cold energy extracted from the soil in summer can be used for continuously cooling the fluid at the outlet of the CO 2 gas cooler, the desuperheater and the high-pressure stage compressor and the PV/T assembly (namely the PV/T solar panel 52), so that the gradient utilization of the cold energy is realized.
4. For the present invention, the heat dissipation of the PV/T module (i.e., PV/T solar panel 52) and the gas cooler, desuperheater, subcooler is recovered in summer to heat domestic hot water, and the heat dissipation of the desuperheater is recovered in winter to heat domestic hot water, improving energy utilization. Under the condition of insufficient heating quantity in winter, the heat released into the soil in summer can be extracted from the soil through the water-cooled evaporator, and the air-cooled evaporator absorbs the heat from the air for heating.
In particular, the water-cooled evaporator 21 is installed in a machine room in a building for absorbing heat in soil by a coolant.
5. For the invention, the refrigerant of the CO 2 refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cold accumulation and supercooling is natural working medium CO 2. ODP (ozone hazard degree) of 0, GWP (global warming potential) of 1, no decomposition even under high temperature conditions, safety, no toxicity and environmental friendliness.
6. The solar energy system is provided with the PV/T solar energy component, can supply electric energy to the compressor of the CO 2 refrigerating system through solar energy generation, can absorb heat through the solar panel and store and utilize the heat through water, can reduce the energy consumption of the CO 2 refrigerating system, can supply hot water for a user, greatly utilizes solar energy, and reduces carbon emission from the side face.
7. The invention can realize annual cooling and heating through one set of device, has high system integration degree and can greatly reduce the investment cost of the system.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on the photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling provided by the invention has the advantages that the design is scientific, the soil cold accumulation and supercooling technology is carried, the heat and the environmental energy generated by the gas cooler are fully utilized, the water cooling capacity and the natural cooling capacity in the external environmental air are fully utilized, the refrigerant and the solar panel are cooled, the refrigerating efficiency and the energy efficiency of the whole CO 2 refrigerating system are improved, the power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic/photo-thermal (PV/T) system is improved, the system can be widely applied to the refrigerating and heating integrated application fields for household, commercial and industrial use, and the system has great practical significance.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling is characterized by comprising a PV/T system, a CO 2 refrigerating circulation system, a heating system and a soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system;
the PV/T system is connected with the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system and is used for providing electric energy for the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system and providing hot water for users;
The CO 2 refrigeration cycle system is used for refrigerating a specific space;
The heating system is used for heating a specific space;
the soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system is respectively connected with the PV/T system and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system and is used for accumulating cold in soil in winter and releasing cold from the soil in summer so as to cool the PV/T system and the CO 2 refrigeration circulation system;
The PV/T system comprises a PV/T solar panel (52), a tap water pump (47), a heat storage water tank (51) and user side water equipment (53);
The water inlet of the tap water pump (47) is communicated with the existing tap water pipe network;
the water outlet of the tap water pump (47) is communicated with the inlet of a ninth three-way valve (48);
the outlet of the ninth three-way valve (48) is respectively communicated with the inlet of the twenty-first valve (49) and the inlet of the twenty-second valve (50);
Wherein the outlet of the twenty-first valve (49) is communicated with the first water inlet of the subcooler (41) in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system;
The first water outlet of the subcooler (41) is communicated with the first water inlet of the PV/T solar panel (52);
The first water outlet of the PV/T solar panel (52) is respectively communicated with the outlet of the twenty-second valve (50) and the water inlet of the desuperheater (46) in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system;
the water outlet of the desuperheater (46) is communicated with the water inlet of the heat storage water tank (51);
the water outlet of the heat storage water tank (51) is communicated with user side water equipment (53);
The back plate (3402) of the PV/T solar panel (52) is provided with two serpentine coils which are arranged in parallel, and the two serpentine coils comprise an ethylene glycol water solution pipeline (3403) and a water pipeline (3401);
The water pipeline (3401) is used for flowing tap water;
The glycol aqueous solution pipeline (3403) is used for flowing through glycol aqueous solution in the soil cold accumulation supercooling circulation system;
A CO 2 refrigeration cycle comprising a first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (28), a second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (29) and a third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (30), a first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (38), a second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (39) and a third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (40), a CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler (43), a CO 2 gas cooler (42), a desuperheater (46), a subcooler (41), a water-cooled evaporator (21), a first air-cooled evaporator (25) and a second air-cooled evaporator (32);
The outlet of the sixth three-way valve (26) is respectively communicated with the working medium inlets of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (28), the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (29) and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (30);
The working medium outlet of the first air-cooled evaporator (25) is communicated with the other inlet of the sixth three-way valve (26), and the outlet of the sixth three-way valve (26) is communicated with the working medium inlets of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (28), the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (29) and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (30);
Working medium outlets of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (28), the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (29) and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (30) are connected with working medium inlets of the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (38), the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (39) and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (40);
The working medium inlets of the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (38), the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (39) and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (40) are also communicated with the working medium outlet of the second air-cooled evaporator (32);
The working medium outlets of the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (38), the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (39) and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (40) are communicated with the working medium inlet of the desuperheater (46);
the working medium outlet of the desuperheater (46) is communicated with the inlet of the eighth three-way valve (45);
two outlets of the eighth three-way valve (45) are respectively communicated with inlets of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) and the CO2 air-cooled gas cooler (43);
The system comprises an eighth three-way valve (45) for controlling the flow of CO 2 working medium to a CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) and a CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler (43), outlets of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) and the CO 2 air-cooled gas cooler (43) respectively communicated with an inlet of a seventh three-way valve (44), an outlet of the seventh three-way valve (44) communicated with a working medium inlet of a subcooler (41), and a working medium outlet of the subcooler (41) connected with an inlet of a second expansion valve (33);
The outlet of the second expansion valve (33) is respectively connected with the inlet of the seventeenth valve (31) and the inlet of the first expansion valve (27), the outlet of the seventeenth valve (31) is communicated with the working medium inlet of the air-cooled evaporator (32), the outlet of the first expansion valve (27) is communicated with the inlet of the fifth three-way valve (23), the two outlets of the fifth three-way valve (23) are respectively communicated with the inlet of the sixteenth valve (24) and the inlet of the fifteenth valve (20), the outlet of the sixteenth valve (24) is communicated with the working medium inlet of the first air-cooled evaporator (25), and the outlet of the fifteenth valve (20) is communicated with the working medium inlet of the water-cooled evaporator (21);
The soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system is used for cooling the refrigerant at the outlets of the PV/T solar panel (52) and the supercooler (41) in the PV/T system;
The soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system comprises a water separator (16), a water collector (15) and a cold supplementing tower (55) and a plurality of U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers;
The cooling tower (55) is respectively connected with the water separator (16) and the water collector (15);
The water separator (16) and the water collector (15) are respectively connected with two ends of the plurality of U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers.
2. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling of photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply output end of the PV/T solar panel (52) is connected with the power input ends of the first CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (28), the second CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (29) and the third CO 2 low-pressure stage compressor (30) and the first CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (38), the second CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (39) and the third CO 2 high-pressure stage compressor (40).
3. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that for the PV/T system, the tap water is split into two after being pumped out by the tap water pump (47), the PV/T system specifically comprises the following two working modes:
In summer, a twenty-second valve (50) is controlled to be closed by a ninth three-way valve (48) and a twenty-first valve (49) is controlled to be opened, tap water firstly flows through a subcooler (41) of a CO 2 refrigeration cycle and exchanges heat with the subcooler (41), the temperature of the tap water rises after absorbing heat, then flows through a water pipeline (3401) in a back plate (3402) of a PV/T solar panel (52) to absorb heat of the PV/T solar panel (52) so that the temperature of the tap water continuously rises, and then flows through a desuperheater (46) of the CO 2 refrigeration cycle so that the temperature of the tap water rises again, and finally formed hot water enters a heat storage water tank (51) to be stored;
In winter operation mode, the twenty-first valve (49) is controlled to be closed by the ninth three-way valve (48) and the twenty-second valve (50) is controlled to be opened, tap water is pumped out and then enters the desuperheater (46) through the twenty-second valve (50), so that the temperature of the tap water is increased, then the tap water enters the heat storage water tank (51) after exiting the desuperheater (46), and then enters the user-side water using equipment (53) after passing through the twenty-third valve (54).
4. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heating system comprises a space heat supply water pump (35);
a water inlet of the space heating water pump (35) is connected with a backwater outlet of a space heating pipeline in a specific space;
A water outlet of the space heat supply water pump (35) is connected with an inlet of a nineteenth valve (36);
An outlet of the nineteenth valve (36) is connected with a water inlet of a CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system;
The water outlet of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) is connected with the water inlet of a space heating pipeline in a specific space.
5. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling as claimed in claim 4, wherein the heating system comprises the following operation modes:
In winter, the space heating water pump (35) extracts backwater of the space heating pipeline, then the backwater enters the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) after passing through the nineteenth valve (36), and then the backwater of the space heating pipeline is heated in the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42), and the backwater of the space heating pipeline after temperature rise flowing out of the CO 2 water-cooled gas cooler (42) enters the existing space heating pipeline again to complete the heating process.
6. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inlet of the water separator (16) is connected to the outlet of the sixth valve (6);
The outlet of the water separator (16) is respectively connected with the inlets of the eighth valve (8), the tenth valve (10), the twelfth valve (12) and the fourteenth valve (14);
The outlet of the eighth valve (8) is connected with the inlet of the seventh valve (7) through a first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger (101);
The outlet of the seventh valve (7) is connected with the inlet of the water collector (15);
The outlet of the tenth valve (10) is connected with the inlet of the ninth valve (9) through a second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger (102);
the outlet of the ninth valve (9) is connected with the inlet of the water collector (15);
the outlet of the twelfth valve (12) is connected with the inlet of the eleventh valve (11) through a third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger (103);
the outlet of the eleventh valve (11) is connected with the inlet of the water collector (15);
An outlet of the fourteenth valve (14) is connected with an inlet of the thirteenth valve (13) through a fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger (104);
The outlet of the thirteenth valve (13) is connected with the inlet of the water collector (15);
The first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger are all buried in soil (100);
the outlet of the water collector (15) is connected with the inlet of the fifth valve (5);
An outlet of the fifth valve (5) is connected with an inlet of the first three-way valve (17);
Two outlets of the first three-way valve (17) are respectively connected with an inlet of the first valve (1) and an inlet of the third valve (3);
The outlet of the first valve (1) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (55);
The outlet of the cooling tower (55) is connected with the inlet of the second valve (2);
An outlet of the second valve (2) is connected with one inlet of the second three-way valve (18);
the cooling tower (55) is arranged in the outdoor natural environment;
An outlet of the third valve (3) is connected with an inlet of the third three-way valve (19);
Two outlets of the third three-way valve (19) are respectively connected with a second water inlet of a subcooler (41) and a water inlet of a water-cooled evaporator (21) in the CO 2 refrigeration cycle system;
A second water outlet of the subcooler (41) is connected with a second water inlet of a PV/T solar panel (52) in the PV/T system;
A second water outlet of the PV/T solar panel (52) is connected to an inlet of a twentieth valve (37);
the outlet of the twentieth valve (37) is connected with one inlet of the fourth three-way valve (22);
the other inlet of the fourth three-way valve (22) is connected with the water outlet of the water-cooled evaporator (21);
An outlet of the fourth three-way valve (22) is connected with an inlet of the fourth valve (4);
the outlet of the fourth valve (4) is connected with the other inlet of the second three-way valve (18);
The outlet of the second three-way valve (18) is connected with the inlet of the water separator (16).
7. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system comprises the following working modes:
In a winter cold accumulation working mode, when cold accumulation is carried out in winter, an eighteenth valve (34) and a twentieth valve (37) are closed, the rest valves are opened, glycol aqueous solution in a cold-supplementing tower (55) is used as a secondary refrigerant in a soil cold accumulation supercooling circulation system, the secondary refrigerant is cooled by outdoor air after passing through the cold-supplementing tower (55), and then enters four U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers, namely a first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and a fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger in sequence, the secondary refrigerant flows in the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, and cold energy is transferred to surrounding soil (100), so that the purpose of storing natural cold energy in soil (100) is realized.
8. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation and supercooling as claimed in claim 6, wherein the soil cold accumulation and supercooling circulation system comprises the following working modes:
In the summer cooling-releasing working mode, in the summer cooling-releasing mode, a first valve (1) and a second valve (2) are closed, the rest valves are opened, the high-temperature secondary refrigerant glycol aqueous solution flows in a first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, a third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and a fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, after heat is released to surrounding cold-accumulating soil (100), the secondary refrigerant temperature is reduced, then the secondary refrigerant passes through a subcooler (41) and a PV/T solar panel (52) and is used for cooling CO 2 fluid and the PV/T solar panel (52) in the subcooler (41), and then the secondary refrigerant with the raised temperature returns into the four U-shaped buried pipe heat exchangers, namely the first U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the second U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, the third U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger and the fourth U-shaped buried pipe heat exchanger, exchanges heat with surrounding soil (100) and reduces the temperature, and the whole cycle is completed.
CN202210786859.4A 2022-07-06 2022-07-06 Carbon dioxide refrigeration system based on photovoltaic thermal energy and soil cross-seasonal cold storage and supercooling Active CN115031432B (en)

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CN217737578U (en) * 2022-07-06 2022-11-04 天津商业大学 Carbon dioxide refrigerating system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and soil cross-season cold accumulation supercooling

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