CN115025963A - Coal gangue powder screening machine and screening method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal gangue powder screening machine and a screening method, the coal gangue powder screening machine comprises a pillar, a power device and a screening disc, wherein the power device is arranged below the pillar to enable the pillar to rotate; more than two screening disks with the same axle center are arranged on the support in a layered mode, screening holes are formed in the screening disks, and the diameters of the screening holes from top to bottom are gradually reduced. Powder through holes and powder through doors are arranged at the crossed positions of the support columns and the screening discs, when the power device is started to drive the support columns and the screening discs on the support columns to rotate and screen, the powder through doors are closed, and coal gangue falls down from the screen holes; and when the coal gangue does not fall from the sieve pores on each layer of the sieving plate, sequentially opening the powder doors, and collecting the coal gangue left in the sieving plate layer by layer. The problems that the traditional coal gangue screening equipment is rough in screening, large in sound and air pollution during screening and large in occupied area of the machine are solved, the efficiency and the precision of coal gangue screening are improved, the utilization rate of coal gangue is improved, energy is saved, and the environment is protected.

Description

A kind of coal gangue powder screening machine and screening method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of energy utilization, in particular to a coal gangue powder screening machine and a screening method.

Background technique

Coal gangue is a solid waste produced by mining, which is discharged during the process of excavation, mining and coal washing.

China has accumulated about 1000Mt of coal gangue over the years, and continues to emit about 100Mt every year. If it is not used, it will not only accumulate land, but also may spontaneously combust and pollute the air or cause fires. Of course, coal gangue can also be used to produce gangue cement, lightweight aggregates for concrete, refractory bricks and other building materials, in addition to recycling coal, co-firing coal and gangue to generate electricity, producing crystalline aluminum chloride, water glass, etc. Chemical products and extraction of precious and rare metals, can also be used as fertilizer.

The above industries have requirements on the particle size of coal gangue when using coal gangue, so the initially discharged coal gangue needs to be further screened. However, the existing screening equipment is large in size, noisy when screening coal gangue, and the size of the screened particles is not fine enough, which requires repeated screening for many times, which takes a long time, and the operating environment is relatively harsh. Health has greater adverse effects.

Patent Publication No. CN 106000853 A discloses a multi-stage rotary vibration screening device, including a power mechanism and a rotating mechanism, the power mechanism is connected to a motor support through bolts, the motor support is welded on the left side of the box body, and the power mechanism It is connected to the rotating mechanism through a V-belt, the rotating mechanism is installed on the upper support plate of the box body, and the upper support plate is welded with a feeding port. The multi-stage screening mechanism is installed on the eccentric shaft of the rotating mechanism through a sleeve. Level discharge device. Although the device improves the problems of excessive wear and tear of the traditional screening equipment where the material falls, the crushing length and the effective screening area are small, but the setting of the annular plate makes the material travel longer and the airtightness is not enough, which will still cause the screening out. Material waste and environmental pollution. In addition, the power mechanism is located outside the device, and is connected with the rotating mechanism through a belt drive, so the overall arrangement is complicated, which reduces the mechanical efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a coal gangue powder sifting machine and a screening method, which solves the problems that the existing sifting machine occupies a large area, has low screening efficiency, serious pollution and easy waste of materials.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: a coal gangue powder sieving machine, comprising a prop and a power device, the prop including a power prop and a screening prop; the bottom of the power prop is connected with a base, so The center of the base protrudes upward; the powder sieve support is sleeved outside the power support, and a power device is installed at the bottom of the power support; the power device drives the power support and the base to rotate in opposite directions;

Two or more sieving discs are arranged in layers on the sieving powder support, the sieving discs are provided with sieve holes, and the sieve hole diameters of the sieving discs gradually decrease from top to bottom;

The sides of the powder sieving pillar are also provided with two or more powder holes, the corresponding positions of the powder holes are provided with openable powder doors, and the sieving plates on both sides of the powder doors are provided with different holes. Perforated grooves for temporary storage of gangue left in this layer of screening pans.

The space under the base is used to store the power unit. The power unit is shielded by the base to prevent coal gangue from entering and causing pollution, prolonging the service life of the power unit, and the shape of the base is convenient for scattered particles falling from the sieve holes of the screening plate above. The coal gangue regularly falls from the center to the surrounding, which is convenient for subsequent collection work, and prevents the coal gangue from splashing when it falls directly from the screening tray. The drive base of the power device rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the power prop, which improves the efficiency of coal gangue collection, neutralizes the centrifugal force of the falling coal gangue, and reduces the impact of the coal gangue on the device itself.

The powder gate and the powder sieve pillar are connected through a slider crank structure, and the opening and closing of the powder gate is controlled through a Bluetooth connection. The external control center is connected with the powder door through bluetooth, and the operator can open the corresponding powder door as needed.

The power strut and the powder sieve strut are concentrically arranged, the sieve strut is a hollow circular tube, and the power strut is connected with the powder sieve strut through two or more connecting beams arranged on the circumferential surface, so that the power device drives the power strut to rotate. It drives the movement of the screening prop, and also prevents the power prop from shaking violently in the screening prop when it is working, which damages the powder door and other components.

The center of the sieving disc is concave downward and is inverted cone. In this way, the center of the screening pan above the pillar is concave, and the center of the base located under the pillar is raised upward, so that the coal gangue inside the groove of the upper screening pan is easy to gather at the through powder hole in the center of the screening pan, and falls from the center. After entering the base, the separated coal gangue can be dropped and collected from the slope more quickly because of the central protrusion of the base.

The width and depth of the grooves gradually increase from the edge to the center of the screening pan. This structure is combined with the screening pan whose overall structure is concave downwards, so that the coal gangue left in the screening pan can pass through to the middle. Gather at the door to improve the efficiency of collection.

It also includes a casing, the inner surface of which is matched with the edge of the screening disc; a gap for passing the screened coal gangue is arranged between the casing and the base. The setting of the shell can prevent the accidental flying of coal gangue during the screening process, causing casualties, environmental pollution and waste of resources; the screened coal gangue flows out from the gap between the shell and the base to be collected, so that the limited space can further optimize the coal gangue The circulation and collection process can reduce environmental pollution and waste of resources.

Preferably, a chassis is provided below the base for supporting and fixing the pillars and placing the power device. The flat chassis increases the contact area between the coal gangue screening machine and the ground, which can ensure that the device can be placed more lastingly and stably; a closed space is formed between the chassis and the chassis to protect the power device inside the chassis from being polluted by dust, improving the service life of the machine.

A top cover is arranged above the sieving tray, which is matched with the upper edge of the shell to prevent the entry of external sundries to affect the screening effect.

Further, the upper ends of the power strut and the sieve powder strut are fixed with covers, which on the one hand function to fix the struts, and on the other hand prevent unscreened coal gangue from falling from the struts.

Further, the two or more screening discs are arranged concentrically and have the same diameter, and the distances between the screening discs are equal, which is convenient for production and can prevent coal gangue from escaping from the edge during the step-by-step screening process. The quality of the step-by-step screening is guaranteed.

Preferably, the diameters of the two or more screening discs can also gradually increase from top to bottom, so that the gangue with centrifugal force falling from above can be received by the larger screening disc below, reducing the impact on the shell to a certain extent. wear and tear, saving resources.

The present invention also provides a coal gangue screening method, the screening method is based on the aforementioned coal gangue screening powder machine, and includes the following steps:

(1) Under the condition that the powder pass door is closed, pour the coal gangue to be screened into the uppermost screening pan, and the power device is turned on so that the power prop drives the screening powder prop and then drives the screening pan to rotate, so as to make the coal gangue evenly distributed. Distributed on the sieving plate, the coal gangue with particle diameter smaller than the sieve hole of each specification falls layer by layer until the coal gangue smaller than the sieve hole diameter at the bottom is finished falling, and the initial screening and collection are completed;

(2) Coal gangue larger than the sieve hole diameter of each layer remains on the sieving tray of each layer. After it gathers into the grooves on both sides of the through-powder door, according to the required size of coal gangue particles, open the corresponding gangue above the sieving tray. Through the powder door, the coal gangue in the groove passes through the pillar and is collected after passing through the base.

Specifically, the operator pours the coal gangue into the coal gangue powder screening machine, starts the power device, and the power prop and the base rotate in opposite directions respectively; because the power prop and the screening powder prop are fixedly connected, they are fixed on the screen. The sieving disc on the powder support also rotates. Under the action of centrifugal force, the distribution of coal gangue in the screening tray is gradually uniform.

Through the separation of the layers of screening discs, the coal gangue whose diameter is smaller than the lowest sieve hole falls first and is collected through the base. During this process, the screening disc and the base keep rotating until no coal gangue passes through the sieve hole, and the upper A fixed powder pile is formed in the sieving tray, and the preliminary screening and separation work is completed.

Then, the operator operates the external control center to open the powder gate one by one according to the needs, that is, first open the powder gate of the lowermost sieving tray, so that the coal gangue is dropped and collected, and then open the upper sieve tray. Repeat the above steps for the powder gate until the coal gangue with different fineness of each layer is collected. Therefore, the sifting machine can directly screen out a variety of coal gangue of different specifications in one operation.

Compared with the prior art, the essential features of the present invention are:

(1) In terms of structure, the coal gangue sifting machine has better sealing performance than the traditional sifting machine, and the degree of environmental pollution during the screening process is significantly reduced, and the collision sound between the coal gangue and the coal gangue and the machine It is also significantly reduced; the overall footprint of the machine is smaller than the previous one and the screening amount of coal gangue is guaranteed; the separated coal gangue is uniformly output from the vertical channel of the pillar, and the movement trajectory is determined, which reduces the probability of escape, Reduce the waste of coal gangue.

(2) In terms of methods, this coal gangue screening method can screen and separate various coal gangues with different particle sizes in one dumping, and output the coal gangue of the corresponding size according to the actual production output, which greatly improves the efficiency of coal gangue screening. .

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the side structure of the coal gangue sifter of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sieving tray of the coal gangue sifting machine of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal partial structure of the coal gangue sifter of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the part of the powder gate of the coal gangue sifter of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the base of the coal gangue sieve powder machine of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a half cross-sectional view of the coal gangue sifter of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the side structure of the sifting disc of the coal gangue sifting machine of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Power pillar, 2. Screening pillar, 3. Screening disc, 4. Screen hole, 5. Powder door, 6. Groove, 7. Connecting beam, 8. Base, 9. Power device, 10. Chassis, 11. Shell.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that when the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" appear. ”, etc., the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation , constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," as they appear, are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example

A coal gangue powder sieving machine includes a prop and a power device 9 , the prop includes a power prop 1 and a powder screening prop 2 that are concentrically arranged and fixedly connected to each other; a power device 9 is installed at the bottom of the power prop 1 . A cover is fixed on the upper ends of the power strut 1 and the sieve strut 2 . The sieve prop 2 is a hollow circular tube, and the power prop 1 is connected to the sieve prop 2 through two or more connecting beams 7 provided on the circumferential surface thereof.

The bottom of the power strut 1 is connected with a base 8 through a bearing. The center of the base 8 protrudes upwards and is connected to the power strut 1 . The space below the base 8 is used to store the power device 9 . The power unit 9 drives the base 8 to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the column.

The casing 11 and the base 8 are connected by four supporting legs arranged on the casing 11, and a gap is ensured between the sides of the two. A chassis 10 is provided below the base 8 for supporting and fixing the pillars and placing the power device 9 . The flat chassis 10 increases the contact area between the coal gangue screening machine and the ground, and can be placed more stably; a closed space is formed between the base 8 and the chassis 10 to protect the internal power unit 9 from being polluted by dust.

The casing also includes three concentric screening discs 3 with equal diameters, all of which are concave downward at the center. Screen holes 4 are evenly opened on the surface of the screening disc 3, and the apertures of the screen holes 4 of the screening disc 3 gradually decrease from top to bottom.

Next to the top of each sieving disc 3, there is also a powder hole on the circumferential surface of the sieve pillar 2. The sieve pillar 2 is connected to the openable and closable powder door 5 through the slider crank structure. The door 5 is connected with the external control center via Bluetooth. The screening trays 3 on the left and right sides of the powder gate 5 are provided with grooves 6 without holes for temporarily storing the coal gangue remaining on the screening trays 3 of this layer. The width and depth of the groove 6 gradually increase from the edge of the screening pan 3 to the center. This structure is combined with the center of the screening pan 3 which is recessed downward, so that the coal gangue left in the screening pan 3 can reach the powder gate 5. gathered here.

During screening, the material to be screened is poured into the coal gangue powder screening machine, the power device 9 is activated, and the screening disc 3 on the screening powder prop 2 is driven by the power prop 1 to rotate. Do a rotating motion. The coal gangue gradually falls from the sieving discs 3 with different sizes of the sieve holes 4, and after the centrifugal force is relieved by the base 8, it is left from the gap between the shell 11 and the base 8, and is collected.

After there is no coal gangue falling from the sieve hole 4, the rotation of the screening disc 3 is stopped, and the coal gangue retained in each layer of the screening disc 3 gradually gathers into the grooves 6 on both sides of the powder gate 5, and moves toward the powder. The center where the door 5 is located is close. At this time, the operator can operate the switch to control the powder gate 5, so that the powder gate 5 installed on the powder gate 5 moves along the inner circumferential surface of the screening pillar 2; The falling between the pillars 2, that is, "diameter in and shaft out", makes the coal gangue collection process in a closed space, which greatly reduces the pollution to the environment, reduces the amount of escape during the transportation process, and avoids waste of resources.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced; these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A coal gangue powder sieving machine, characterized in that: it comprises a prop and a power device, and the prop comprises a power prop and a sieving powder prop; the bottom of the power prop is connected with a base, and the center of the base is raised upward; The sieve powder prop is sheathed outside the power prop, and a power device is installed at the bottom of the power prop; the power device drives the power prop and the base to rotate in opposite directions respectively; Two or more sieving discs are arranged in layers on the sieving powder support, the sieving discs are provided with sieve holes, and the sieve hole diameters of the sieving discs gradually decrease from top to bottom; The sides of the powder sieving pillar are also provided with two or more powder holes, the corresponding positions of the powder holes are provided with openable powder doors, and the sieving plates on both sides of the powder doors are provided with different holes. Grooves with holes. 2 . The coal gangue powder sifting machine according to claim 1 , wherein the powder sifting door and the sifting prop are connected through a slider crank structure, and the opening and closing of the powder sifting door is controlled through a Bluetooth connection. 3 . 3. The coal gangue powder screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power support and the screen powder support are arranged concentrically, the screen powder support is a hollow circular tube, and the power support passes through two sieves arranged on the circumferential surface. More than one connecting beam is connected with the sieve powder pillar. 4. The coal gangue powder sifting machine according to claim 1, wherein the center of the sifting plate is depressed downwards and is in the shape of an inverted cone. 5. The coal gangue powder screening machine according to claim 1, wherein the width and depth of the groove gradually increase from the edge to the center of the screening disc. 6. The coal gangue sieving and powdering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises a casing, the inner surface of the casing is matched with the edge of the sieving disc; gangue gap. 7 . The coal gangue sieving and powdering machine according to claim 1 , wherein a chassis is provided under the base for supporting and fixing the pillars and placing the power device. 8 . 8. A coal gangue screening method, characterized in that, the screening method is based on the coal gangue sieve powder machine according to claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: Under the condition that the powder pass door is closed, the coal gangue to be screened is poured into the uppermost screening pan, and the power device is turned on so that the power prop drives the screening powder prop and then drives the screening pan to rotate, so that the coal gangue is evenly distributed on the screen. On the dividing plate, the coal gangue whose particle diameter is smaller than the sieve hole of each specification falls down layer by layer, until the coal gangue smaller than the sieve hole diameter at the bottom is completely dropped, and the initial screening and collection are completed; Coal gangue larger than the diameter of the sieve hole of each layer is left on the sieve plate. After it gathers into the grooves on both sides of the gangue door, open the gangue door above the corresponding sieving plate according to the required size of coal gangue particles. , the coal gangue in the groove passes through the pillar and is collected after passing through the base.

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