CN114988893A - 一种铁水包耐火浇注料 - Google Patents
一种铁水包耐火浇注料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H Sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 silicon-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- FWYVLGJBTZNHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-H Sodiumpolyphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O FWYVLGJBTZNHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium(IV) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种铁水包耐火浇注料，按重量份数计，包括骨料40‑100份、细粉10‑20份、微粉5‑10份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥5‑10份和复合分散剂0.1‑015份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物。本发明为了解决以上问题，提供一种能抗渣侵蚀、保温性能好、机械性能好的铁水包耐火浇注料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及熔炼材料技术领域，特别涉及一种铁水包耐火浇注料。
背景技术
现有铁水包包衬部位多为高铝质浇注料，这类浇注料高温强度和热震稳定性较好，基本能满足施工需求。但该浇注料导热率较高，不利于铁水包保温，导致铁水降温过快，容易发生铁水粘包现象，且水泥加入量较高，在高温环境中产生较多液相，进而被铁水侵蚀基质部分，影响铁水包的使用寿命。
现有授权公告号CN 101618966 B、名称为一种铁水包浇注料及其制备方法的中国发明专利公开了原材料包括焦宝石熟料、锆英石、特级高铝矾土熟料粉、焦宝石熟料粉、无定形氧化硅粉、α-氧化铝粉、钢纤维组成，铝酸钙水泥为结合剂，浇注时加水振动成型，该技术涉及原料中的焦宝石为良好的保温隔热材料，但仍缺乏抗渗组元，即该浇注料容易被渣液侵蚀和渗透。
再有授权公告号CN 105036776 B、名称为一种铁水包用浇注料及其制备方法的中国发明专利公开了原材料包括高铝矾土骨料、高铝矾土细粉、二氧化硅微粉、碳化硅细粉，水泥为结合剂，多聚磷酸钠为复合分散剂，浇注时添加适量水振动成型，该技术涉及的浇注料虽然加入碳化硅微粉，改善了浇注料的抗渣侵蚀性能，但其主体材质为高铝矾土，保温性能较差，无法做到抗渣侵蚀性能和良好的保温性能兼具。
发明内容
本发明为了解决以上问题，提供一种能抗渣侵蚀、保温性能好、机械性能好的铁水包耐火浇注料。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种铁水包耐火浇注料，按重量份数计，包括骨料40-100份、细粉10-20份、微粉5-10份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥5-10份和复合分散剂0.1-015份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物。
作为本发明的进一步改进，微孔莫来石的孔径<80μm，显气孔率为13-18％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，按重量份数计，还包括粉煤灰漂珠3-15份，粉煤灰漂珠的粒径为150-500μm。
作为本发明的进一步改进，按重量分数计，所述骨料包括粒径6-3mm焦宝石或微孔莫来石10-30份，粒径3-1mm焦宝石或微孔莫来石20-40份、粒径1-0mm焦宝石或微孔莫来石10-30份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，细粉为α-氧化铝细粉、碳化硅粉、莫来石粉的一种或多种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，碳化硅粉的粒径<15μm，SiC含量>95％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，微粉为二氧化硅微粉、纳米氧化铝微粉、微孔莫来石微粉的一种或多种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，二氧化硅微粉的粒径<5μm，SiO2含量>94％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，复合分散剂包括三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，所述三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠的重量比为1：2。
本发明还提供一种铁水包耐火浇注料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将不同粒径骨料焦宝石或微孔莫来石在混料机中混合3-5min，得到预混料A备用；
步骤S2：将细粉、微粉、铝酸盐水泥、粉煤灰漂珠、复合分散剂在混料机搅拌3-5min，得到预混料B备用；
步骤S3：将预混料A和预混料B按比例在搅拌机中干混2-5min，即得到铁水包耐火浇注料。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明相对传统铁水包浇注料，浇注料性能更加稳定，加入了微孔莫来石提高了材料的热震稳定性，降低了材料的热导率，改善了材料的烧结强度，加入了粉煤灰漂珠改善了浇注料的保温性能和热震稳定性，提高材料的抗折强度和耐压强度，加入碳化硅提高了浇注料的抗侵蚀能力，兼顾保温性能的同时，也具备良好的抗渣侵蚀能力。
2、本发明使用的莫来石材料具备良好的耐高温性能和热震稳定性，但其显气孔率较大，用在浇注料中容易受到渣液的侵蚀，本发明中采用的微孔莫来石，虽然气孔率较大，但近一半以上为封闭气孔，且此类气孔为较小属于微米级气孔，这种微米级气孔均匀的分散在材料中，当浇注料在使用过程中受到热应力扩张时，可以起到缓冲作用，进一步改善浇注料热震稳定性；且较多的微孔存在，为莫来石晶体的生长发育提供了空间，从而获得针状莫来石晶体，而发育良好的莫来石晶体又能起到增强、增韧的作用，提高浇注料的高温强度。
3、粉煤灰漂珠是粉煤灰中密度小于水的空心玻璃珠，它是煤粉在燃烧过程中，无机矿物在高温熔融成液滴，在炉内剧烈热空气对流作用下高速自旋，形成的外形近球状的硅铝球体，而燃烧过程中产生的气体在熔融液滴内，由于高温作用而急速膨胀，形成中空的玻璃泡，随后冷却形成的高真空玻璃态微珠，属于铝酸盐废料，其密度较低0.579g/cm3，耐火度较高近1700℃，热导率低，可以降低材料的体积密度，以提高浇注料保温性能，提高了浇注料的抗侵蚀能力，同时也使得材料的抗折强度和耐压强度不会降低。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一、实施例
实施例1
一种铁水包耐火浇注料，按重量份数计，包括骨料40份、细粉10份、微粉5份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥5份和复合分散剂0.1份，粉煤灰漂珠3份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物，其中骨料包括粒径6-3mm微孔莫来石10份，粒径3-1mm微孔莫来石20份、粒径1-0mm焦宝石10份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，粉煤灰漂珠的粒径为150μm。
作为本发明的进一步改进，细粉为α-氧化铝细粉。
作为本发明的进一步改进，碳化硅粉的粒径<15μm，SiC含量>95％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，微粉为二氧化硅微粉。
作为本发明的进一步改进，二氧化硅微粉的粒径<5μm，SiO2含量>94％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，复合分散剂包括三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，所述三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠的重量比为1：2。
本发明还提供一种铁水包耐火浇注料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将不同粒径骨料焦宝石或微孔莫来石在混料机中混合3min，得到预混料A备用；
步骤S2：将细粉、微粉、铝酸盐水泥、粉煤灰漂珠、复合分散剂在混料机搅拌3min，得到预混料B备用；
步骤S3：将预混料A和预混料B按比例在搅拌机中干混2min，即得到铁水包耐火浇注料。
实施例2
一种铁水包耐火浇注料，按重量份数计，包括骨料100份、细粉20份、微粉10份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥10份和复合分散剂015份，粉煤灰漂珠15份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物，其中骨料包括粒径6-3mm焦宝石30份，粒径3-1mm焦宝石40份、粒径1-0mm微孔莫来石30份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，粉煤灰漂珠的粒径为500μm。
作为本发明的进一步改进，细粉为α-氧化铝细粉、碳化硅粉的两种均匀混合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，碳化硅粉的粒径<15μm，SiC含量>95％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，微粉为纳米氧化铝微粉。
作为本发明的进一步改进，二氧化硅微粉的粒径<5μm，SiO2含量>94％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，复合分散剂包括三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，所述三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠的重量比为1：2。
本发明还提供一种铁水包耐火浇注料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将不同粒径骨料焦宝石或微孔莫来石在混料机中混合5min，得到预混料A备用；
步骤S2：将细粉、微粉、铝酸盐水泥、粉煤灰漂珠、复合分散剂在混料机搅拌5min，得到预混料B备用；
步骤S3：将预混料A和预混料B按比例在搅拌机中干混5min，即得到铁水包耐火浇注料。
实施例3
一种铁水包耐火浇注料，按重量份数计，包括骨料80份、细粉15份、微粉8份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥8份和复合分散剂0.12份，粉煤灰漂珠10份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物，其中骨料包括粒径6-3mm微孔莫来石20份，粒径3-1mm微孔莫来石35份、粒径1-0mm焦宝石25份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，粉煤灰漂珠的粒径为380μm。
作为本发明的进一步改进，细粉为碳化硅粉、莫来石粉的两种均匀混合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，碳化硅粉的粒径<15μm，SiC含量>95％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，微粉为微孔莫来石微粉。
作为本发明的进一步改进，二氧化硅微粉的粒径<5μm，SiO2含量>94％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，复合分散剂包括三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，所述三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠的重量比为1：2。
本发明还提供一种铁水包耐火浇注料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将不同粒径骨料焦宝石或微孔莫来石在混料机中混合3-5min，得到预混料A备用；
步骤S2：将细粉、微粉、铝酸盐水泥、粉煤灰漂珠、复合分散剂在混料机搅拌3-5min，得到预混料B备用；
步骤S3：将预混料A和预混料B按比例在搅拌机中干混2-5min，即得到铁水包耐火浇注料。
实施例4
一种铁水包耐火浇注料，按重量份数计，包括骨料80份、细粉15份、微粉8份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥8份和复合分散剂0.12份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物，其中骨料包括粒径6-3mm微孔莫来石20份，粒径3-1mm微孔莫来石35份、粒径1-0mm焦宝石25份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，粉煤灰漂珠的粒径为380μm。
作为本发明的进一步改进，细粉为碳化硅粉、莫来石粉的两种均匀混合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，碳化硅粉的粒径<15μm，SiC含量>95％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，微粉为微孔莫来石微粉。
作为本发明的进一步改进，二氧化硅微粉的粒径<5μm，SiO2含量>94％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，复合分散剂包括三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，所述三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠的重量比为1：2。
本发明还提供一种铁水包耐火浇注料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将不同粒径骨料焦宝石或微孔莫来石在混料机中混合3-5min，得到预混料A备用；
步骤S2：将细粉、微粉、铝酸盐水泥、复合分散剂在混料机搅拌3-5min，得到预混料B备用；
步骤S3：将预混料A和预混料B按比例在搅拌机中干混2-5min，即得到铁水包耐火浇注料。
为保证浇注料质量要求，本发明对所用耐火原材料给出以下理化指标，见表1：
上述微孔莫来石颗粒的孔径为<80μm，显气孔率为13％-18％
表1原料的理化指标：
实施例1-4制备的铁水包耐火浇注料，加入适量水搅拌3min，使之具有良好的流动性，然后采用振动频率20～40Hz，振动时间80～120s的浇注振动工艺成型为40mm×40mm×160mm样条。再将制备好的样条在温度20℃，湿度90％的恒温恒湿箱养护24h后脱模，脱模后的样条在110℃烘箱中干燥24h，然后将干燥后的试样在分别经过1000℃×3h和1500℃×3h热处理后，分别按国标GB/T3001-2017和GB/T5072-2008进行常温抗折强度和常温耐压强度测试，结果如下表2：
表2各个试样性能结果
其中MOR、CCS、PLC分别指常温抗折强度、常温耐压强度、永久线变化率。
文中应用了具体实施例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，按重量份数计，包括骨料40-100份、细粉10-20份、微粉5-10份、结合剂铝酸盐水泥5-10份和复合分散剂0.1-015份，所述骨料为焦宝石和微孔莫来石的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，所述微孔莫来石的孔径<80μm，显气孔率为13-18％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，按重量份数计，还包括粉煤灰漂珠3-15份，粉煤灰漂珠的粒径为150-500μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，按重量分数计，所述骨料包括粒径6-3mm焦宝石或微孔莫来石10-30份，粒径3-1mm焦宝石或微孔莫来石20-40份、粒径1-0mm焦宝石或微孔莫来石10-30份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，所述细粉为α-氧化铝细粉、碳化硅粉、莫来石粉的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，所述碳化硅粉的粒径<15μm，SiC含量>95％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，所述微粉为二氧化硅微粉、纳米氧化铝微粉、微孔莫来石微粉的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求7所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，所述二氧化硅微粉的粒径<5μm，SiO2含量>94％。
9.根据权利要求1所述的铁水包耐火浇注料，其特征在于，所述复合分散剂包括三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，所述三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠的重量比为1：2。
10.一种根据权利要求1-9所述的铁水包耐火浇注料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将不同粒径骨料焦宝石或微孔莫来石在混料机中混合3-5min，得到预混料A备用；
步骤S2：将细粉、微粉、铝酸盐水泥、粉煤灰漂珠、复合分散剂在混料机搅拌3-5min，得到预混料B备用；
步骤S3：将预混料A和预混料B按比例在搅拌机中干混2-5min，即得到铁水包耐火浇注料。
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