CN114982566A - Management method for preventing and controlling blight of heavily-diseased banana garden - Google Patents
Management method for preventing and controlling blight of heavily-diseased banana garden Download PDFInfo
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- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 130
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000021015 bananas Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- DUFVKSUJRWYZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fosthiazate Chemical compound CCC(C)SP(=O)(OCC)N1CCSC1=O DUFVKSUJRWYZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PVTHJAPFENJVNC-MHRBZPPQSA-N kasugamycin Chemical compound N[C@H]1C[C@H](NC(=N)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O PVTHJAPFENJVNC-MHRBZPPQSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a management method for preventing and controlling blight of a heavily-diseased banana garden planted in a host, which comprises the following steps of: (1) treating diseased plants: after the plants are infected with banana wilt, injecting glyphosate to kill the plants until stems and leaves of the plants die after the plants absorb buds dry, cutting banana leaves and stalks into sections and accumulating the banana leaves and stalks on banana heads, spreading urea and quicklime on the banana heads and the cut stems and leaves, covering and compacting the edges of the films by using reflective films, spreading alkaline organic fertilizer and bacillus subtilis on open lands around the films, and cultivating low weeds or planting low crops in the open places; (2) keeping the seedling quantity; (3) preventing and controlling diseases and pests; (4) and (5) daily management. The invention relates to a management method for preventing and controlling blight of a heavily-diseased banana garden, which mainly eliminates diseased plants, ensures the number of effective plants in the banana garden, increases the application of antagonistic bacteria to improve a beneficial microbial community, cultures healthy plants, and prevents and controls plant diseases and insect pests of bananas. Ensuring the yield of bananas and controlling the incidence rate of banana vascular wilt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of banana planting, in particular to a management method for preventing and controlling blight of a heavily diseased banana garden planted in a host.
Background
The banana wilt pathogens can survive in the soil for 30 years, the affected banana garden is no longer suitable for continuing planting bananas, and new uninfected land needs to be searched for planting bananas.
The banana wilt disease is discovered in 1896 and has been in history for more than 120 years, researchers at home and abroad carry out deep research on the germ detection, pathogenic mechanism and harm characteristics of the disease, carry out prevention and treatment research on methods and measures such as disease-resistant variety breeding, medicament prevention and treatment, antagonistic bacteria and the like, and obtain greater results. However, the existing prevention and control measures have certain limitations and cannot be popularized and used in a large area in cultivation application.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a management method for preventing and controlling the blight of a host-planted banana garden, so as to overcome the defect that the management method has poor effect on preventing and controlling the banana blight.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a management method for preventing and controlling blight of a host-planted banana garden, which comprises the following steps:
(1) treating diseased plants: after the plants are infected with banana wilt, injecting glyphosate to kill the plants until stems and leaves of the plants and buds are absorbed and dried to death, cutting banana leaves and stalks into sections and accumulating the banana leaves and stalks on banana heads, spreading urea and quicklime on the banana heads and the cut stems and leaves, covering and compacting the edges of the films by using reflective films, spreading alkaline organic fertilizers and bacillus subtilis in open lands around the films, and cultivating low weeds or planting low crops in the open lands;
(2) seedling protection amount: in the peripheral plants of the killed plants, a mode of reserving two plants is adopted, the diseased plants are treated by losing for at least 1 year, and then pits are dug to replant disease-resistant seedlings; and (5) in the disease-resistant area of the connected pieces, ditching and planting disease-resistant seedlings after the treatment of abandoning and the like.
(3) Disease and pest prevention and control: 3-10g of bacillus subtilis is additionally applied to each mu, and the bacillus subtilis is applied by spraying for 3-6 times per year; 5-10 g/strain of fosthiazate is used for drip irrigation to prevent and control nematodes; root irrigation is carried out by using 200-fold and 600-fold aqueous solution of kasugamycin to prevent and control bacterial soft rot;
(4) and (5) daily management.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the dosage of the urea in the step (1) is 10-15 kg/plant, and the dosage of the quicklime is 5-10 kg/plant.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, 10-15kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 15-25g of bacillus subtilis are broadcast per plant for treating plants around the diseased plant in the step (1).
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the disease-resistant variety planted in step (2) is selected from at least one of banana of plantain or banana of canna 9.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the daily management in the step (4) includes cultivation management, strong seedling and root protection management, tool management and pathogen isolation management.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the cultivation management is that the banana garden uses a no-tillage mode, and the liquid organic fertilizer sold in the market or the self-made fermented liquid organic fertilizer is used for drip irrigation or spray irrigation when applying the organic fertilizer, and the solid fertilizer is dissolved and then is used for drip irrigation or spray application.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the management of strengthening seedlings and protecting roots includes:
(1) implementing a soil testing formula and a fertilizer requirement rule for banana growth to formulate a fertilizer application scheme;
(2) providing moisture for the bananas according to the moisture requirements of the bananas;
(3) the soil moving frequency is reduced, and the damage to the root system is reduced;
(4) the root system of the bulb part is covered during ridging, so that the root system is prevented from being exposed.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the daily management further includes tool management, and the tool management includes:
(1) a special tool is needed when the diseased plant and the peripheral plant are managed, the tool cannot be used to other places after being used, and the tool is specially used for the diseased region;
(2) tools used in the banana garden need to be sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0% and then used.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to a management method for preventing and controlling blight of a perennial-root seriously diseased banana garden, which is used for managing the banana garden with the disease incidence rate higher than 20 percent, namely managing the banana garden with the perennial-root seriously diseased banana garden. The management process mainly comprises the steps of killing diseased plants, ensuring the number of effective plants in the banana garden, increasing the application of antagonistic bacteria, improving the beneficial microbial community, culturing healthy plants, and preventing and controlling banana plant diseases and insect pests, particularly nematodes and the like. Forming a good environment suitable for banana growth. Ensuring the yield of bananas and controlling the incidence rate of banana vascular wilt.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Test site
A diseased banana garden with 24.6% of banana wilt incidence rate in 2018 is selected from a Xinqingcun building a Huaqiao investment area in Wuming area in south-West Ning, Guangxi, wherein the variety is canna No. 1, the planting density is 120 plants/mu, the planting field is divided into 7 areas, 2 mu of each area is managed according to the following method, and the rest is managed according to a conventional method.
Example 1
The method for managing the area 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) treating diseased plants: the treatment of diseased plants is the core of prevention and control in a severe disease area, after the plants are confirmed to be infected with banana wilt, the diseased plants are uniformly injected with 30-60mL of glyphosate to kill the plants after being harvested in winter, and after the plants die and dry, the leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants are cut into segments and then are stacked above banana heads. And managing sporadic diseased plants at the later stage, killing the plants by injecting glyphosate, cutting leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants into segments after drying, and accumulating the segments above banana heads. Then spreading urea and quicklime on banana head and cut stem and leaf, wherein the dosage of urea is 12-13 kg/plant, and the dosage of quicklime is 7-8 kg/plant. Covering and compacting the edges of the film by using a reflective film, broadcasting 12-13 g/plant of alkaline organic fertilizer and 20-22 g/plant of bacillus subtilis in an open area around the film, and cultivating low weeds or planting low crops in the open area.
(2) Seedling protection amount: the effective banana seedling amount in the serious disease area is a key link for ensuring the economic benefit of the banana garden, so that the effective number of the bananas is ensured at the other core of the host planting of the serious disease area. And (4) reserving two plants around the killed plants. After the diseased plant is treated for 2 years by throwing away and the like, digging holes and replanting disease-resistant seedlings such as banana, canna 9 and the like. In the disease-resistant area of the connected slice, disease-resistant seedlings such as banana plantain and banana 9 can be newly planted.
(3) Disease and pest prevention and control: including increasing antagonistic bacteria and disease and pest control.
The method for increasing antagonistic bacteria comprises the steps of additionally applying 6-8 g/plant of bacillus subtilis in each mu of banana garden for 4-5 times per year, and enriching the beneficial microbial community of soil.
Disease and pest prevention and control: the nematode is one of the important ways for accelerating the plant infection, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests such as the nematode and the bacterial soft rot need to be done in advance, 7-8g of fosthiazate is used for drip irrigation of each plant for preventing and controlling the nematode, 400 times of water solution of kasugamycin is used for root irrigation for preventing and controlling the bacterial soft rot, and the robust banana plants are cultured.
(4) Daily management: the daily management comprises cultivation management, strong seedling and root protection management, tool management and germ isolation management.
Cultivation management: soil is prevented from moving in the seriously ill planting area, the fertilizing mode of bananas is changed, and a no-tillage mode is used. When the organic fertilizer is applied, commercially available liquid organic fertilizer or self-made fermented liquid organic fertilizer is used for drip irrigation or spray irrigation, and when the solid fertilizer is applied, the solid fertilizer is dissolved and then is subjected to drip irrigation or direct broadcast application.
Strong seedling and root protection management: (1) and (3) implementing a soil testing formula and a fertilizer requirement rule for banana growth to formulate a fertilizer application scheme so as to ensure the stable supply of nutrient elements for banana growth. (2) According to the water demand of bananas, the water supply of the bananas is guaranteed, the damage of root systems caused by drought is avoided, and the disease resistance of plants is reduced. (3) Reduce soil movement frequency, reduce root damage, promote the growth of root system, cultivate strong banana plant. (4) The root system is protected, the root system at the bulb part is covered during ridging, the growth and nutrition absorption of the root system are promoted, and the root system is prevented from being exposed.
Water supply management: the water source with bacteria is one of important ways for spreading blight, the water source used in the banana garden needs to be clean, underground water and qualified upstream water source without germ pollution are used for irrigation, and a dropper system is used for irrigation.
Tool management: each manager needs to use a special tool when managing the diseased plants and the peripheral plants, the tool cannot be used to other places after being used, and the tool is specially used for the diseased region. Tools used in the banana garden need to be sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5 percent and then used.
And (3) conventional management: other farming operations were performed according to quality banana management regulations.
Example 2
The method for managing the area 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the diseased plant: the treatment of diseased plants is the core of prevention and control in a severe disease area, after the plants are confirmed to be infected with banana wilt, the diseased plants are uniformly injected with 30-60mL of glyphosate to kill the plants after being harvested in winter, and after the plants die and dry, the leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants are cut into segments and then are stacked above banana heads. And managing sporadic diseased plants at the later stage, killing the plants by injecting glyphosate, cutting leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants into segments after drying, and accumulating the segments above banana heads. Then spreading urea and quicklime on banana head and cut stem and leaf, wherein the dosage of urea is 10-12 kg/plant, and the dosage of quicklime is 8-10 kg/plant. Covering and compacting the edges of the membrane by using a reflective membrane, and broadcasting 10-12kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 15-20g of bacillus subtilis in the open area around the membrane. And (4) cultivating short weeds or planting short crops in the open place.
(2) Seedling protection amount: the effective banana seedling amount in the serious disease area is a key link for ensuring the economic benefit of the banana garden, so that the effective number of the bananas is ensured at the other core of the host planting of the serious disease area. And (4) reserving two plants around the killed plants. After the diseased plant is treated by throwing for 2 years, digging a pit and replanting disease-resistant seedlings such as Banana, Guina No. 9 and the like. In the disease-resistant area of the connected pieces, disease-resistant seedlings such as banana musa sapiensis and banana canna 9 can be newly planted.
(3) Disease and pest prevention and control: including increasing antagonistic bacteria and prevention and control of diseases and pests.
The method for increasing antagonistic bacteria comprises the steps of additionally applying 8-10 g/strain of bacillus subtilis in each mu of plantain garden, and applying the bacillus subtilis in a drenching manner for 3-4 times every year, so that the beneficial microbial community of the soil is enriched.
Disease and pest prevention and control: the nematode is one of the important ways for accelerating the plant infection, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests such as the nematode and the bacterial soft rot need to be done in advance, 8-10g of fosthiazate is used for each plant to drip irrigation for preventing and controlling the nematode, 200 times of water solution of kasugamycin is used for root irrigation for preventing and controlling the bacterial soft rot, and the robust banana plants are cultured.
(4) Daily management: the daily management comprises cultivation management, strong seedling and root protection management, tool management and germ isolation management.
Cultivation management: soil is prevented from moving in the seriously ill planting area, the fertilizing mode of bananas is changed, and a no-tillage mode is used. When the organic fertilizer is applied, commercially available liquid organic fertilizer or self-made fermented liquid organic fertilizer is used for drip irrigation or spray irrigation, and when the solid fertilizer is applied, the solid fertilizer is dissolved and then is subjected to drip irrigation or direct broadcast application.
Strong seedling and root protection management: (1) and (3) implementing a soil testing formula and a fertilizer requirement rule for banana growth to formulate a fertilizer application scheme so as to ensure the stable supply of nutrient elements for banana growth. (2) According to the water demand of bananas, the water supply of the bananas is guaranteed, the damage of root systems caused by drought is avoided, and the disease resistance of plants is reduced. (3) Reduce the soil moving frequency, reduce the damage of the root system, promote the growth of the root system and cultivate the robust banana plants. (4) The root system is protected, the root system at the bulb part is covered during ridging, the growth and nutrition absorption of the root system are promoted, and the root system is prevented from being exposed.
Water supply management: the water source with bacteria is one of important ways for spreading blight, the water source used in the banana garden needs to be clean, underground water and qualified upstream water source without germ pollution are used for irrigation, and a dropper system is used for irrigation.
Tool management: each manager needs to use a special tool when managing the diseased plants and the peripheral plants, the tool cannot be used to other places after being used, and the tool is specially used for the diseased region. Tools used in the banana garden need to be sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5% and then used.
And (3) conventional management: other farming operations were performed according to quality banana management regulations.
Example 3
The method for managing the area 3 by using the method of the embodiment is a management method for preventing and controlling blight of a heavily-diseased banana garden planted in a host, and comprises the following steps of:
(1) treating diseased plants: the treatment of diseased plants is the core of prevention and control in a severe disease area, after the plants are confirmed to be infected with banana wilt, the diseased plants are uniformly injected with 30-60mL of glyphosate to kill the plants after being harvested in winter, and after the plants die and dry, the leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants are cut into segments and then are stacked above banana heads. And managing sporadic diseased plants at the later stage, killing the plants by injecting glyphosate, cutting leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants into segments after drying, and accumulating the segments above banana heads. Then spreading urea and quicklime on banana head and cut stem and leaf, wherein the dosage of urea is 13-15 kg/plant, and the dosage of quicklime is 5-7 kg/plant. Covering and compacting the edges of the membrane by using a reflective membrane, and broadcasting 13-15kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 22-25g of bacillus subtilis in an open area around the membrane. And (4) cultivating short weeds or planting short crops in the open place.
(2) Seedling protection amount: the effective banana seedling amount in the serious disease area is a key link for ensuring the economic benefit of the banana garden, so that the effective number of the bananas is ensured at the other core of the host planting of the serious disease area. And (4) reserving two plants around the killed plants. After the diseased plant is treated for 2 years by throwing away and the like, digging holes and replanting disease-resistant seedlings such as banana, canna 9 and the like. In the disease-resistant area of the connected slice, disease-resistant seedlings such as banana plantain and banana 9 can be newly planted.
(3) Disease and pest prevention and control: including increasing antagonistic bacteria and disease and pest control.
The method for increasing the antagonistic bacteria is to additionally apply 3-6 g/plant of bacillus subtilis per mu in a banana garden for 5-6 times per year, so as to enrich the beneficial microbial community of the soil.
Disease and pest prevention and control: the nematode is one of the important ways for accelerating the plant infection, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests such as the nematode and the bacterial soft rot need to be done in advance, 5-7g of fosthiazate is used for each plant to drip irrigation for preventing and controlling the nematode, 600 times of water solution of kasugamycin is used for root irrigation for preventing and controlling the bacterial soft rot, and the robust banana plants are cultured.
(4) Daily management: the daily management comprises cultivation management, strong seedling and root protection management, tool management and germ isolation management.
Cultivation management: soil is prevented from moving in the seriously ill planting area, the fertilizing mode of bananas is changed, and a no-tillage mode is used. When the organic fertilizer is applied, commercially available liquid organic fertilizer or self-made fermented liquid organic fertilizer is used for drip irrigation or spray irrigation, and when the solid fertilizer is applied, the solid fertilizer is dissolved and then is subjected to drip irrigation or direct broadcast application.
Strong seedling and root protection management: (1) and (3) implementing a soil testing formula and a fertilizer requirement rule for banana growth to formulate a fertilizer application scheme so as to ensure the stable supply of nutrient elements for banana growth. (2) According to the water demand of bananas, the water supply of the bananas is guaranteed, the damage of root systems caused by drought is avoided, and the disease resistance of plants is reduced. (3) Reduce the soil moving frequency, reduce the damage of the root system, promote the growth of the root system and cultivate the robust banana plants. (4) The root system is protected, the root system at the bulb part is covered during ridging, the growth and nutrition absorption of the root system are promoted, and the root system is prevented from being exposed.
Water supply management: the water source with bacteria is one of important ways for spreading blight, the water source used in the banana garden needs to be clean, underground water and qualified upstream water source without germ pollution are used for irrigation, and a dropper system is used for irrigation.
Tool management: each manager needs to use a special tool when managing the diseased plants and the peripheral plants, the tool cannot be used to other places after being used, and the tool is specially used for the diseased region. Tools used in the banana garden need to be sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5% and then used.
And (3) conventional management: other farming operations were performed according to quality banana management regulations.
Comparative example 1
The method for managing the area 4 comprises the following steps:
(1) treating diseased plants: the disease plant treatment is the core of prevention and control in a serious disease area, after the fact that the plants are infected with banana wilt is confirmed, the disease plants are uniformly injected and killed by using 30-60mL of glyphosate after being harvested in winter, and after the plants die and dry, the leaves and pseudostems of the disease plants are cut and stacked above banana heads. And managing sporadic diseased plants at the later stage, killing the plants by injecting glyphosate, cutting leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants into segments after drying, and accumulating the segments above banana heads. Then spreading urea and quicklime on banana head and cut stem and leaf, wherein the dosage of urea is 12-13 kg/plant, and the dosage of quicklime is 7-8 kg/plant. Covering and compacting the edges of the membrane by using a reflective membrane, and broadcasting 12-13kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 20-22g of bacillus subtilis in the open area around the membrane. And (4) cultivating short weeds or planting short crops in the open place.
(2) Seedling protection amount: the effective banana seedling amount in the serious disease area is a key link for ensuring the economic benefit of the banana garden, so that the effective number of the bananas is ensured at the other core of the host planting of the serious disease area. And (4) reserving two plants around the killed plants. After the diseased plant is treated for 2 years by throwing away and the like, digging holes and replanting disease-resistant seedlings such as banana, canna 9 and the like. In the disease-resistant area of the connected slice, disease-resistant seedlings such as banana plantain and banana 9 can be newly planted.
(3) Disease and pest prevention and control: including increasing antagonistic bacteria and disease and pest control.
The method for increasing antagonistic bacteria comprises the steps of additionally applying 3-10 g/plant of bacillus subtilis in each mu of plantain garden, and drenching and applying for 4-5 times every year, so that the beneficial microbial community of soil is enriched.
Disease and pest prevention and control: the nematode is one of the important ways for accelerating the plant infection, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests such as the nematode and the bacterial soft rot need to be done in advance, 7-8g of fosthiazate is used for drip irrigation of each plant for preventing and controlling the nematode, 400 times of water solution of kasugamycin is used for root irrigation for preventing and controlling the bacterial soft rot, and the robust banana plants are cultured.
(4) And (4) performing daily management by adopting the conventional management rules of the banana plantation.
Comparative example 2
The method of this example was used to manage the region 5, and the present example was different from example 1 in the way of treating the diseased plant. The difference is that:
treating diseased plants: the disease plant treatment is the core of prevention and control in a serious disease area, after the fact that the plants are infected with banana wilt is confirmed, the disease plants are uniformly injected and killed by using 30-60mL of glyphosate after being harvested in winter, and after the plants die and dry, the leaves and pseudostems of the disease plants are cut and stacked above banana heads. And managing sporadic diseased plants at the later stage, killing the plants by injecting glyphosate, cutting leaves and pseudostems of the diseased plants into segments after drying, and accumulating the segments above banana heads. Covering and compacting the edges of the membrane by using a reflective membrane, and broadcasting 12-13kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 20-22g of bacillus subtilis in the open area around the membrane.
Comparative example 3
The method of the present embodiment is used to manage the area 6, and the present embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in the way of the disease and insect control in the step (3). Comparative example 3 the disease and insect control in step (3) was not performed, and the daily management in step (4) was performed directly after planting.
Statistics of planting effect
The blank group is to manage the area 7, and to do no treatment to the diseased plant in the planting area, to do routine daily management.
The incidence rates in 7 banana plantations managed by using the management methods for preventing and controlling the blight of the heavily planted banana plantations of examples 1-3, comparative examples 1-3 and the blank group are respectively counted, and the statistical results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Banana orchard Banana wilt incidence in Each region
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Blank group | |
| Incidence of disease | 8.0％ | 11.4％ | 9.5％ | 18.6％ | 13.8％ | 21.4％ | 32.5％ |
As shown in Table 1, the management method for preventing and controlling the blight of the heavily-diseased banana garden provided by the invention is applied to eradicate, the seedling quantity is increased, the disease-resistant variety is reseeded, the matched comprehensive prevention and control technology can effectively prevent the banana blight, can effectively limit the development and the propagation of the banana blight, avoids the diseased banana garden from changing into abandoned banana plantations, and ensures the economic benefit of banana farmers.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A management method for preventing and controlling blight of a heavily-diseased banana garden planted in a host is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) treating diseased plants: after the plants are infected with banana wilt, injecting glyphosate to kill the plants until stems and leaves of the plants and buds of the plants are dried up and die, cutting banana leaves and stems into sections and accumulating the banana leaves and stems on banana heads, spreading urea and quicklime on the banana heads and the cut stems and leaves, covering and compacting the edges of the films by using reflective films, spreading alkaline organic fertilizers and bacillus subtilis on open lands around the films, and cultivating low weeds or planting low crops in the open lands;
(2) seedling protection amount: in the peripheral plants of the killed plants, a mode of reserving two plants is adopted, diseased plants are abandoned for at least 1 year, and then pits are dug to replant disease-resistant seedlings; after the disease-resistant seedlings are treated by being abandoned for at least 1 year in the disease-affected area of the connected pieces, ditching and planting the disease-resistant seedlings;
(3) disease and pest prevention and control: 3-10g of bacillus subtilis is additionally applied to each mu, and the bacillus subtilis is applied by spraying for 3-6 times per year; 5-10 g/strain of fosthiazate is used for drip irrigation to prevent and control nematodes; root irrigation is carried out by using 200-fold and 600-fold aqueous solution of kasugamycin to prevent and control bacterial soft rot;
(4) and (5) daily management.
2. The management method for preventing and controlling the blight of the plantain with the serious disease of the host plant according to claim 1, wherein the dosage of the urea in the step (1) is 10 to 15 kg/plant, and the dosage of the quicklime is 5 to 10 kg/plant.
3. The management method for preventing and controlling the blight of the plantain garden with the serious disease of the host plant according to claim 1, wherein 10-15kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 15-25g of bacillus subtilis are broadcast per plant for treating the plants around the diseased plant in the step (1).
4. The management method for preventing and controlling blight of heavily-planted banana garden according to claim 1, wherein the disease-resistant variety planted in the step (2) is at least one of banana plantain or banana number 9.
5. The management method for preventing and controlling blight of heavily planted banana garden according to claim 1, wherein the daily management of the step (4) comprises cultivation management, strong seedling and root protection management and tool management.
6. The management method for preventing and controlling the blight of the heavily diseased banana orchard planted in the lodging according to claim 5, wherein the cultivation management is that the banana orchard uses a no-tillage mode, commercial liquid organic fertilizer or self-made fermented liquid organic fertilizer is used for drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation when the organic fertilizer is applied, and the drip irrigation or the sprinkling irrigation is carried out after the solid fertilizer is dissolved when the solid fertilizer is applied.
7. The management method for preventing and controlling blight of banana garden with serious disease planted in a host plant according to claim 5, wherein the strong seedling and root protection management comprises the following steps:
(1) implementing a soil testing formula and a fertilizer requirement rule for banana growth to formulate a fertilizer application scheme;
(2) providing moisture for the bananas according to the moisture requirements of the bananas;
(3) the soil moving frequency is reduced, and the damage to the root system is reduced;
(4) the root system of the bulb part is covered during ridging, so that the root system is prevented from being exposed.
8. The management method for preventing and controlling blight of banana plantains planted in a host according to claim 5, wherein the daily management further comprises management of tools, the management of tools comprising:
(1) a special tool is needed when the diseased plants and the peripheral plants are managed, the tool cannot be used to other places after being used, and the tool is specially used for the diseased regions;
(2) the tool used by the banana garden to manage the healthy plants needs to be sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0% and then used.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106613244A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Method for eliminating wilt disease strain in banana garden subjected to incipient disease at high temperature |
| CN111097780A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for treating banana wilt plants |
| CN111837769A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-10-30 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Disease plant management method for preventing and controlling fusarium wilt of bananas and cultivation method for bananas for comprehensively preventing and controlling fusarium wilt of bananas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106613244A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Method for eliminating wilt disease strain in banana garden subjected to incipient disease at high temperature |
| CN111097780A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for treating banana wilt plants |
| CN111837769A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-10-30 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Disease plant management method for preventing and controlling fusarium wilt of bananas and cultivation method for bananas for comprehensively preventing and controlling fusarium wilt of bananas |
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