CN114946550A - 一种南板蓝根的藤类植物棚下（如罗汉果棚、百香果棚）种植方法 - Google Patents
一种南板蓝根的藤类植物棚下（如罗汉果棚、百香果棚）种植方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种南板蓝根的滕类植物棚下种植方法，包括如下过程：(1)选地施肥；(2)浸种播种/种苗插枝；(3)田间管理；(4)病变虫害防治；(5)采收。采用滕类植物棚下种植的方法，利用滕类植物棚自然遮挡阳光，同样起到降温的作用。同时，瓜藤的败叶掉落地上腐烂后变成肥料，又为土地增加养分。这样既降低了生产成本，又提高了土地的使用效率。值得大力推广应用。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种植物种植方法，具体是一种南板蓝根的滕类植物棚下(如罗汉果棚、百香果棚等)的种植方法。
背景技术：
板蓝(又名板蓝根)是十字花科菘蓝属植物，是一种中药材。板蓝根分为北板蓝根和南板蓝根，北板蓝根来源为十字花科植物菘蓝的根；南板蓝根为爵床科植物马蓝的根茎及根。其性寒，味先微甜后苦涩，具有清热解毒、预防感冒、利咽之功效，还可以提高人体免疫能力和抗肿瘤，主要用于治疗温毒发斑、舌绛紫暗、烂喉丹痧等疾病，应用非常广泛。
板蓝根主要药理作用有以下几种：
一、抗病原微生物作用，菘蓝的清热解毒功效主要体现在治疗急性感染性疾病；
二、抗内毒素作用，在急性感染性疾病的发病和发展过程中，内毒素具有普通的影响，多个学者对菘蓝抗内毒素作用进行了深入研究，发现菘蓝可显著降低内毒素性DIC、加速血清LPO水平、提高SOD活力，从而解放内毒素的生物效应；
三、解热作用，发热是温热病的主要症状，据研究菘蓝能降低伤寒、副伤寒等所致的体温升高，有强度的解热作用；
四、抗炎作用，在临床上板蓝根主要用于治疗外感发热、温病初起、咽喉肿痛、温毒发斑、丹毒、痈肿、疮毒。
由于板蓝根具有上述特殊医学功效，国内权威医学专家指明板蓝根对这些传染病具有极佳的辅助治疗功效。所以，板蓝根具有极高的药用价值。目前市场上对板蓝根的需求十分旺盛，野生板蓝根远远满足不了市场需求，种植板蓝根也具有很好的经济效益。
发明内容：
南板蓝为半喜阴植物，主要分布于华南、西南地区。板蓝根对气候和土壤条件适应性很强，普通土壤也能种植。南板蓝的适宜生长温度为15-30℃，30℃以上和15℃以下，植物生长缓慢，低于2℃地上茎叶冻枯。春、秋两季植物生长旺盛，夏季是营养生长期。目前，人工种植南板蓝根，为了降低处于营养生长期的夏季超高的温度，普通做法是搭建遮阴棚遮挡强热的阳光进行降温。采用滕类植物棚下(如罗汉果棚、百香果棚等)种植的方法，利用原有滕类植物棚遮挡阳光，同样起到降温的作用。同时，瓜藤的败叶掉落地上腐烂后变成肥料，又为土地增加养分。这样既降低了生产成本，又提高了土地的使用效率。
具体实施方式：
一种南板蓝根的瓜棚地混(间)种植方法，其特征是包括以下步骤：
(1)选地施肥：对原有的滕类植物棚地进行重新松土，适量施肥，然后细耙做成平畦。
(2)浸种播种/种苗插枝：将板蓝根种子浸种30分钟以上，晾干后播种；播种时先在畦面上按20-25 厘米行距划出2厘米左右浅沟，将种子均匀撒入沟内，覆土1-1.5厘米，稍加填压，每亩播种量1000-3000 棵；或者直接用板蓝根种苗插枝，按20-25厘米的间距，每亩插枝1000-3000棵，插枝后连续浇水7-10 天(雨天免浇水)。
(3)田间管理：当苗高6-8厘米时，结合松土、除草，按株距5-8厘米定苗；定苗后，生长前期宜干不宜湿，促使根部下扎，生长后期适当保持土壤湿润，促进养分吸收；雨季注意排水，防止畦间积水烂根和感染病害；2个月后追肥。
(4)病变虫害防治：当发生霜霉病时，发病期每亩用70％代森锰锌100-150克兑水50-60千克喷雾防治，每隔7天喷1次，连喷2次；当发生白粉病时，发病初期用65％福美锌可湿性粉剂300-500倍液喷雾；当发生虫害时，用40％乐果兑1000-1500倍水液喷雾防治。
(5)采收：一年收大青叶1一2次，一年半至三年，进行全株采收。
以上所述仅表达了本发明的一个实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (1)
1.一种南板蓝根的滕类植物棚下(如罗汉果棚、百香果棚等)种植方法，其特征是把原有的滕类植物棚下(如罗汉果棚、百香果棚等)土地重新松土并适量施肥，每亩种植量1000-3000棵。
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| CN109328891A (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-02-15 | 蒋凡 | 一种桉树林下种植南板蓝的方法 |
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| CN109328891A (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-02-15 | 蒋凡 | 一种桉树林下种植南板蓝的方法 |
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| 曾庆钱等: "南板蓝规范化栽培技术" * |
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