CN114933233B - Reverse disassembly method for non-enlarged cavity in TBM cavity - Google Patents
Reverse disassembly method for non-enlarged cavity in TBM cavityInfo
- Publication number
- CN114933233B CN114933233B CN202210520532.2A CN202210520532A CN114933233B CN 114933233 B CN114933233 B CN 114933233B CN 202210520532 A CN202210520532 A CN 202210520532A CN 114933233 B CN114933233 B CN 114933233B
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- Prior art keywords
- tbm
- dismantling
- portal
- jacking
- carrying
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种TBM洞内无扩大洞室反向拆卸方法，包括如下步骤：1）后配套吊点施作、TBM后退、连续皮带机和风筒回收；2）进行滑轨吊机安装；3）对顶护盾、侧护盾、刀盘边块拆除；4）对TBM进行停机；5）电源转换；6）依次拆除6至1号台车；7）安装TBM辅助拆卸装置和施作小型辅助吊点；8）对钻机、拱架安装器、推进系统小件进行拆卸；9）对刀盘中心块、主轴承、底护盾以及主梁大件进行拆卸；10）对主梁、底护盾、主轴承、刀盘中心块、刀盘边块外运；11）对TBM辅助拆卸装置进行拆卸；12）拆机完成。本发明具有降低施工难度的优点，它能够在无需施做拆卸洞的情况下，方便快捷的对TBM进行拆卸，提高了拆卸速度和效率，极大的缩短了施工周期。
This invention discloses a method for reverse dismantling of a TBM without enlarging the tunnel, comprising the following steps: 1) constructing the rear-mounted lifting points, retracting the TBM, and recovering the continuous conveyor belt and ventilation duct; 2) installing the sliding rail crane; 3) dismantling the top shield, side shields, and cutterhead edge blocks; 4) stopping the TBM; 5) switching the power supply; 6) dismantling trolleys 6 to 1 sequentially; 7) installing the TBM auxiliary dismantling device and constructing small auxiliary lifting points; 8) dismantling the drilling rig, arch frame installer, and small components of the propulsion system; 9) dismantling the cutterhead center block, main bearing, bottom shield, and main beam; 10) transporting the main beam, bottom shield, main bearing, cutterhead center block, and cutterhead edge blocks externally; 11) dismantling the TBM auxiliary dismantling device; 12) dismantling completed. This invention has the advantage of reducing construction difficulty, enabling convenient and quick dismantling of the TBM without the need for a dismantling tunnel, improving dismantling speed and efficiency, and greatly shortening the construction cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a TBM disassembly method, in particular to a reverse disassembly method for a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity.
Background
TBM heading machine is used more and more in tunnel construction owing to its quick, high-efficient, environmental protection and safe characteristics, after the tunnel link up, need dismantle the tunnel with TBM, carry out follow-up construction operation.
The existing TBM is disassembled, a drilling and blasting method is generally adopted to construct and disassemble a hole before the TBM is disassembled, and large hoisting equipment is arranged in the disassembling hole to assist the TBM in disassembling operation. Because large-scale lifting devices are arranged in the dismantling hole, the lifting spaces such as TBM devices and lifting appliances are considered, the section of the dismantling hole is much larger than the section of TBM construction, the construction difficulty of the dismantling hole is large, the construction period is long, the construction cost is high, the construction difficulty of the subsequent lining is large, and the total construction period of projects is influenced to a certain extent.
The TBM mainly comprises a main machine area and a rear matched main machine area, wherein the main machine area comprises a cutter disc, a shield, a main bearing, a main beam, a supporting system, a supporting shoe propulsion system, a cutter disc driving system and the like. The rear supporting area mainly comprises main machine supporting equipment (such as a hydraulic pump station, a lubricating system, a power supply system, a water supply and drainage system and the like) and auxiliary supporting equipment (such as a ballasting system, a ventilation system, a dust removing system, a supporting system, a duct piece assembling system, a material hoisting system and the like). The TBM rear supporting area has more equipment, relatively small size and relatively light weight, and the rear supporting dismantling can be assisted by arranging a lifting point at the top of the tunnel. The equipment fittings in the main machine area are large in size and heavy in weight, the hoisting requirements of a lifting appliance and the like cannot be met without expanding and digging the arch part of the tunnel, and the arch part lifting point cannot be used for dismounting operation.
For some tunnel arrangements, due to the limitation of conditions such as terrain, two TBMs are adopted for opposite construction, and in this case, the TBMs need to be dismantled reversely. After the tunnel is penetrated, a disassembly hole is constructed at the two TBM penetrating surfaces, and the construction is generally carried out by adopting a drilling and blasting method, under the condition, the construction difficulty of the disassembly hole is extremely high, the ventilation and ballasting of the drilling and blasting construction and the operation of matched construction equipment are greatly influenced by the TBM and auxiliary equipment thereof, the operation efficiency is low, the transportation and installation difficulty of the follow-up large hoisting equipment is high, and the influence on the construction period is extremely high.
The invention discloses a TBM dismantling construction method in CN113202491B, which comprises the steps of determining a tunneling stop position of a TBM and a start-stop position of a construction winding hole according to engineering geological conditions of a main hole outlet, determining the size of a dismantling room in the main hole according to the size of a TBM host, excavating and supporting the construction winding hole by adopting a drilling and blasting method after the TBM is tunneled to the determined tunneling stop position along the main hole, excavating and supporting the TBM tunneling main hole outlet and the TBM dismantling room by utilizing the construction winding hole, and synchronously dismantling the host and a rear support of the TBM by utilizing a lifting point and a rock anchor beam which are additionally arranged on the rear support of the TBM and the upper side of the TBM host. Although the patent discloses a TBM dismantling construction method, the method adopts a construction hole-surrounding method, and still has the problems of high construction difficulty, long construction period and high construction cost, and the follow-up lining construction difficulty is high, so that the total construction period of the project is influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reverse disassembly method for a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity, which is convenient to disassemble the TBM without constructing a disassembly cavity.
The invention aims at realizing the technical scheme that the reverse disassembly method of the non-enlarged cavity in the TBM cavity comprises the following steps of 1) synchronously carrying out post-matched lifting point construction, TBM backing, continuous belt conveyor recovery and air duct recovery; the method comprises the steps of 2) installing a sliding rail crane after finishing construction of a matched lifting point, 3) dismantling a top shield, a side shield and a cutter head edge block through reciprocating movement of a TBM, 4) stopping the TBM, 5) carrying out power conversion, 6) dismantling 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 trolleys in sequence, carrying out outward through the sliding rail crane, carrying out matched dismantling after finishing construction, 7) installing a TBM auxiliary dismantling device in a tunnel and constructing a small auxiliary lifting point, 8) dismantling small parts such as a drilling machine, an arch centering installer and a propulsion system through the small auxiliary lifting point and carrying out outward, 9) dismantling large parts such as a cutter head center block, a main bearing, a bottom shield and a main girder through the TBM auxiliary dismantling device, 10) carrying out matched dismantling and outward transportation of the main girder, the bottom shield, the main bearing, the cutter head center block and the cutter head edge block after finishing the outward, 11) carrying out the TBM auxiliary dismantling device and the TBM dismantling machine.
The continuous belt conveyor recovery method comprises the following steps of ①, synchronously disassembling and recovering the continuous belt, the belt frame and accessories, ②, synchronously disassembling and transporting the ballast discharging drive and the auxiliary drive foundation, ③, disassembling and transporting the belt storage bin, and ④, disassembling and transporting the rest parts of the ballast discharging system.
The air duct recycling method comprises the following steps of ①, dismantling and transporting the power fan and ②, dismantling and transporting the ventilating duct.
In the invention, the TBM auxiliary dismounting device comprises a bearing device arranged at the bottom of a tunnel (1), wherein a jacking and hoisting mechanism is arranged on the bearing device, and a turnover device is arranged on the bearing device and positioned at the inner side of the jacking and hoisting mechanism.
The bearing device comprises a plurality of arc-shaped ground beams which are arranged in parallel along the bottom of the tunnel and are arranged at intervals, connecting plates are arranged at two ends of each arc-shaped ground beam, longitudinal track beams are arranged on the connecting plates at the same side, a pair of tracks are arranged on the longitudinal track beams in parallel, the jacking and hoisting mechanism is arranged on the tracks, and the turnover device is arranged on the arc-shaped ground beams and is located at the inner side of the longitudinal track beams.
In order to fix the arc-shaped bottom beam, a plurality of foot locking anchor rods are arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped ground beam, and the arc-shaped ground beam is anchored at the bottom of the tunnel by the foot locking anchor rods.
In the invention, the jacking and hoisting mechanism comprises a portal device arranged on a track, and a jacking device is arranged at the lower part of the portal device.
The portal device comprises a wheel set arranged on a track, a portal longitudinal beam is horizontally arranged on the wheel set, a splayed inclined column is arranged on the portal longitudinal beam, a portal cross beam is horizontally arranged on the upper end face of the splayed inclined column, a plurality of lifting lugs A are arranged on the lower end face of the portal cross beam, and the jacking mechanism is arranged on the portal longitudinal beam.
Further, in order to facilitate connection of TBM parts, the portal device further comprises a detachable lifting lug tool, the detachable lifting lug tool comprises a lifting lug B, a connecting piece is arranged at one end of the lifting lug B, bolt holes are formed in two ends of the connecting piece, the lifting lug B is connected with the TBM parts through the bolt holes and the bolts, and the lifting lug B is connected with a lifting lug A through a steel wire rope.
In order to facilitate the lifting of TBM parts, the lifting device comprises a pair of jacks vertically arranged on the upper end face of the portal girder and positioned in the middle of the portal girder, a supporting plate is arranged on the upper end face of each jack, a groove is formed in the upper end face of each supporting plate, and the lifting device further comprises a lifting tool connected with the TBM parts and matched with the grooves.
The jacking tool comprises a rotating shaft A, one end of the rotating shaft A is located in the groove, a fixing plate A with a bolt hole is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft A, and the fixing plate A is connected with a TBM part through the bolt hole and the bolt.
In order to be convenient for overturn the TBM part, turning device is including vertical setting on the arc ground roof beam and be located the inboard support frame of longitudinal track roof beam the up end of support frame is provided with the draw-in groove be provided with in the draw-in groove and be used for the upset frock of being connected with the TBM part.
The turnover tool comprises a rotating shaft B, one end of the rotating shaft B is arranged in the clamping groove, the other end of the rotating shaft B is provided with a fixing plate B with a bolt hole, and the fixing plate B is connected with a TBM part through the bolt hole and a bolt.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of transverse connecting beams are arranged between the longitudinal beams of the door frames at the two sides of the door frame device, and when the door frames above the longitudinal beams of the door frames cannot be installed, the transverse connecting beams are installed to ensure the stability of the door frames, so that the door frames can synchronously move.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the TBM dismounting device has the advantages of effectively reducing construction difficulty and construction cost and being convenient to operate, and the TBM dismounting device can be used for conveniently and rapidly dismounting the TBM under the condition that a dismounting hole is not required to be formed, so that the dismounting speed and efficiency are improved, the dismounting cost is reduced, and the construction period is greatly shortened.
Drawings
The drawings of the present invention are described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a TBM;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a TBM reverse tear-down machine longitudinal section arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a TBM dismounting jacking device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross section of a TBM dismounting hoisting device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical section view of a TBM dismounting machine lifting device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relation between equipment to be disassembled of a TBM host and a jacking hoisting door frame;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a TBM rear mating skid arrangement;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of TBM cutterhead center block disassembly;
FIG. 9 TBM cutterhead center block a flip cross-sectional schematic;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a TBM cutterhead center block flip longitudinal section;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of hoisting and transporting a TBM cutterhead center block;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of TBM main bearing disassembly;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a TBM main bearing inverted cross section;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a TBM main bearing in inverted longitudinal section;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of TBM main bearing hoisting and transportation;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the TBM main beam etc. disassembled.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but is intended to cover any modifications or alternatives within the basic spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
1, As shown in figures 1-16, a reverse disassembly method of a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity comprises the following steps of 1) synchronously carrying out post-matched lifting point construction, TBM backing, continuous belt conveyor recovery and air duct recovery; the method comprises the steps of 2) installing a sliding rail crane after finishing construction of a matched lifting point, 3) dismantling a top shield, a side shield and a cutter head edge block through reciprocating movement of a TBM, 4) stopping the TBM, 5) carrying out power conversion, 6) dismantling 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 trolleys in sequence, carrying out outward through the sliding rail crane, carrying out matched dismantling after finishing construction, 7) installing a TBM auxiliary dismantling device in a tunnel and constructing a small auxiliary lifting point, 8) dismantling small parts such as a drilling machine, an arch centering installer and a propulsion system through the small auxiliary lifting point and carrying out outward, 9) dismantling large parts such as a cutter head center block, a main bearing, a bottom shield and a main girder through the TBM auxiliary dismantling device, 10) carrying out matched dismantling and outward transportation of the main girder, the bottom shield, the main bearing, the cutter head center block and the cutter head edge block after finishing the outward, 11) carrying out the TBM auxiliary dismantling device and the TBM dismantling machine.
The continuous belt conveyor recovery method comprises the following steps of ①, synchronously disassembling and recovering the continuous belt, the belt frame and accessories, ②, synchronously disassembling and transporting the ballast discharging drive and the auxiliary drive foundation, ③, disassembling and transporting the belt storage bin, and ④, disassembling and transporting the rest parts of the ballast discharging system.
The air duct recycling method comprises the following steps of ①, dismantling and transporting the power fan and ②, dismantling and transporting the ventilating duct.
Removing TBM, namely firstly planing cutter disc welding lines, removing cutter disc and cutter disc center block 28 connecting bolts while retreating TBM, placing cutter disc edge blocks 27 at the bottom of tunnel 1 block by block, removing top shield 30 and side shields 31 and all TBM connecting pieces, fixing them on the tunnel wall, moving TBM forward, putting down the top shield 30 and side shields 31 separated from TBM and carrying out of the tunnel, and at the moment, leaving the cutter disc center block 28, main bearing 24, bottom shield 29, front section main beam 32, rear section main beam 33 and other parts in the main machine area, wherein the peripheral space of the main machine area is opened except the area occupied by the bottom shield 29, the area is used for installing a lifting door frame, and the arrangement relation between equipment to be removed in the main machine area of TBM and the lifting door frame is shown in figure 6. The TBM is retreated, a working space and a component storage space for detaching a host region are reserved, after the cutter head center block 28 and other equipment are adjusted to a preset position, a supporting tool is arranged below the main beam and other components of the host region for fixing, and equipment stability and safety during detaching equipment such as supporting shoes 35, a saddle 36 and a rear support 37 are ensured. At the moment, the TBM does not need to operate in the subsequent disassembly, namely, a special power supply of the 20kv TBM can be cut off, and a 10kv power supply is connected. After the power supply conversion is completed, the dismantling of the rear matching area and the dismantling of the host area can be synchronously performed.
After the jacking hoisting door frame is installed, firstly, the cutter head center block 28 is removed, the cutter head center block is fixed on the jacking hoisting door frame by using a jacking tool, the cutter head center block 28 and the main bearing 24 are removed to be separated by connecting bolts, the door frame is moved to a turnover device, the cutter head center block 28 is leveled by using a turnover tool, and then the cutter head center block is lifted to be temporarily placed on the upper layer of the cutter head edge block 27. And then the main drive 24, the bottom shield 29, the front section girder 32, the rear support 37, the supporting shoes 35, the saddle 36 and the rear section girder 33 are removed in sequence. All the equipment disassembled by the host area are temporarily stored in front of the rear support 38, the rear support 38 is disassembled forwards from the rear, one section of the equipment is disassembled, and after all the rear support 38 is disassembled, the equipment in the host area is hoisted and transported outwards. And after all the equipment is dismantled and transported outwards, the TBM dismantling operation is completed after the parts such as the jacking hoisting door frame, the arc-shaped ground beam 2 and the like are dismantled.
And the rear supporting area is dismantled, wherein the rear supporting area is dismantled by adopting a vault sliding rail in an auxiliary way, two sliding rails 40 are longitudinally arranged at the arch part of the tunnel at the rear supporting part, the sliding rails 40 are anchored on the wall of the tunnel by adopting foot-shrinking anchor rods, and a hoisting hoist is arranged on the sliding rails 40. The slide rails 40 are selected from I-steel specially used for hoisting, and are longitudinally arranged along two sides of the central line of the arch part of the tunnel, and the transverse distance of the slide rails is 3 meters. The rear mating trolley is removed from the rear to the front section by section, and one section is removed and immediately transported out of the tunnel using the tracked vehicle 26. Before the disassembly is started, the connection between adjacent trolleys is released, the trolley to be disassembled is pulled to the lower part of the sliding rail 40 by using the rail locomotive, and the disassembly and the hoisting operation are performed by using the hoisting hoist arranged on the sliding rail 40.
In the invention, the TBM auxiliary dismounting device comprises a bearing device arranged at the bottom of the tunnel 1, wherein a jacking and hoisting mechanism is arranged on the bearing device, and a turnover device is arranged on the bearing device and positioned at the inner side of the jacking and hoisting mechanism.
The bearing device comprises a plurality of arc-shaped ground beams 2 which are arranged in parallel along the bottom of a tunnel 1 at intervals, wherein connecting plates 3 are arranged at two ends of each arc-shaped ground beam 2, longitudinal track beams 4 are arranged on the connecting plates 3 on the same side, a pair of tracks 5 are arranged on the longitudinal track beams 4 in parallel, the jacking and hoisting mechanism is arranged on the tracks 5, and the turnover device is arranged on the arc-shaped ground beams 2 and is located on the inner side of the longitudinal track beams 4.
In order to be convenient for fixed arc ground beam 2 the bottom of arc ground beam 2 is provided with many lock foot stock 6, lock foot stock 6 anchor arc ground beam 2 in tunnel 1 bottom. In the invention, the arc-shaped ground beams 2 are formed by welding two arc-shaped steel which is bent to form a tunnel bottom arch to excavate an arc side by side, the cavity part after welding can be filled with concrete to increase the bearing capacity of the arc-shaped ground beams, the arc-shaped ground beams 2 are arranged at the bottom of the tunnel 1, the rock tunnels 1 are arranged at intervals in the direction, and each arc-shaped ground beam 2 is anchored at the bottom of the tunnel by using a foot locking anchor rod 6.
In order to be convenient for carry out jacking with TBM part, jacking hoist mechanism includes the portal device of setting on track 5 the portal device lower part is provided with jacking device.
The portal device comprises a wheel set 7 arranged on a track 5, a portal longitudinal beam 8 is horizontally arranged on the wheel set 7, a splayed inclined column 9 is arranged on the portal longitudinal beam 8, a portal cross beam 10 is horizontally arranged on the upper end face of the splayed inclined column 9, a plurality of lifting lugs A11 are arranged on the lower end face of the portal cross beam 10, and the jacking mechanism is arranged on the portal longitudinal beam 8.
The portal device further comprises a detachable lifting lug tool, the detachable lifting lug tool comprises a lifting lug B12, a connecting piece 13 is arranged at one end of the lifting lug B12, bolt holes are formed in two ends of the connecting piece 13, the lifting lug B12 is connected with a TBM part through the bolt holes and the bolts, and the lifting lug B12 is connected with a lifting lug A11 through a steel wire rope 14.
The jacking device comprises a pair of jacks 15 which are vertically arranged on the upper end face of the portal longitudinal beam 8 and located in the middle of the portal longitudinal beam 8, a supporting plate 16 is arranged on the upper end face of each jack 15, a groove 17 is formed in the upper end face of each supporting plate 16, and the jacking device further comprises a jacking tool which is connected with a TBM part and matched with the groove 17.
Further described, the jacking tool comprises a rotating shaft A18, one end of the rotating shaft A18 is located in the groove 17, the other end of the rotating shaft A18 is provided with a fixing plate A19 with a bolt hole, and the fixing plate A19 is connected with the TBM part through the bolt hole and the bolt.
In order to facilitate the turning of TBM parts, the turning device comprises a support frame 20 which is vertically arranged on an arc-shaped ground beam 2 and positioned on the inner side of a longitudinal track beam 4, a clamping groove 21 is formed in the upper end face of the support frame 20, and a turning tool used for being connected with the lower portion of the TBM part is arranged in the clamping groove 21.
The overturning tool comprises a rotating shaft B22, one end of the rotating shaft B22 is arranged in the clamping groove 21, a fixing plate B23 with a bolt hole is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft B22, and the fixing plate B23 is connected with a TBM part through the bolt hole and the bolt.
Further, a plurality of sets of transverse connecting beams 39 are arranged between the portal beams 8 on both sides of the portal device. When the portal cannot be installed above the portal beam 8, the installation of the transverse connecting beam 39 ensures that the portal is stable and moves synchronously.
The device uses specific operations as follows:
Taking the dismantling of the main bearing 24 as an example, the main bearing 24 has large size and heavy weight, occupies large space in the tunnel 1, and has insufficient hoisting and dismantling space, and a dismantling method of lifting firstly, overturning and hoisting and transporting outwards finally is used.
Before the main bearing 24 is dismantled, the cutter head edge blocks 27, the top shield 30 and the side shields 31 of the TBM are dismantled, then the arc-shaped ground beams 2 are installed before and after the main drive, the longitudinal track beams 4 are erected, and finally the jacking hoisting mechanism is assembled.
The lifting portal frame mechanism is moved to the main bearing 24, the lifting tool and the jack 15 are installed, the lifting tool is fixed on two sides of the main bearing 24 by bolts, and the lifting tool is required to be installed on two sides above the center of gravity of the main bearing 24, so that the main bearing 24 can be lifted up to be separated from the bottom support and can be kept stable by means of self weight. The method comprises the steps of arranging a rotating shaft A18 on a lifting tool right above a jack 15, installing a supporting plate 16 above the jack 15, arranging the rotating shaft A18 on the lifting tool right in a groove 17 above the supporting plate 16, dismantling all bolts for connecting TBM and a main bearing, synchronously lifting the jack 15 upwards at two sides, enabling the main bearing 24 to be separated from the support of a bottom shield, moving a portal device forwards, and moving the main bearing 24 to a turnover device. The main bearing 24 is provided with a turnover tool, the main bearing 24 is suspended on a portal device through a detachable lifting lug on the main bearing 24 by using a chain block and a steel wire rope 14, a jack 15 is lowered, the jacking tool is removed, the portal device is slowly moved, the steel wire rope 14 is synchronously loosened, the main bearing 24 is turned from an upright state to a horizontal state, and a sleeper 25 is stacked below the main bearing 24 to be horizontally placed. And (3) dismantling the overturning tool on the main bearing 24, installing detachable lifting lug tools on the four sides of the overturning tool, lifting the overturning tool by using a portal device again, moving the overturning tool to the transportation track plate vehicle 26, and using the track locomotive to transport out of the tunnel.
Claims (9)
1. A reverse disassembly method for a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity is characterized by comprising the following steps of 1) synchronously carrying out post-matched lifting point construction, TBM backing, continuous belt conveyor recovery and air duct recovery, 2) carrying out sliding rail crane installation after the post-matched lifting point construction is completed, 3) dismantling a top shield, a side shield and a cutter head edge block through reciprocating movement of the TBM, 4) stopping the TBM, 5) carrying out power conversion, 6) sequentially dismantling No. 6, no. 5, no. 4, no. 3, no. 2 and No. 1 trolleys and carrying out external transportation through the sliding rail crane, and carrying out matched disassembly after completion, 7) installing TBM auxiliary disassembly devices and carrying out small auxiliary lifting points in the tunnel, 8) carrying out disassembly on a drilling machine, an arch frame installer and small propulsion system parts through the small auxiliary lifting points, 9) carrying out disassembly on a cutter head center block, a main bearing, a bottom shield and a main girder through the TBM auxiliary disassembly devices, 10) carrying out matched disassembly on the main girder after the post-matched disassembly, carrying out external transportation on the TBM, the bottom shield, the main bearing and the main girder edge block and the main girder 8) carrying out auxiliary disassembly of the TBM and the main girder cutter head edge block and the main girder 8) carrying out auxiliary disassembly device;
The TBM auxiliary dismounting device comprises a bearing device arranged at the bottom of the tunnel (1), wherein a jacking and hoisting mechanism is arranged on the bearing device, and a turnover device is arranged on the bearing device and positioned at the inner side of the jacking and hoisting mechanism;
The bearing device comprises a plurality of arc-shaped ground beams (2) which are arranged in parallel along the bottom of a tunnel (1) and are arranged at intervals, wherein connecting plates (3) are arranged at two ends of each arc-shaped ground beam (2), longitudinal track beams (4) are arranged on the connecting plates (3) at the same side, a pair of tracks (5) are arranged on the longitudinal track beams (4) in parallel, the jacking and hoisting mechanism is arranged on the tracks (5), and the turnover device is arranged on the arc-shaped ground beams (2) and is positioned at the inner side of the longitudinal track beams (4);
The turnover device comprises a support frame (20) vertically arranged on the arc-shaped ground beam (2) and positioned on the inner side of the longitudinal track beam (4), a clamping groove (21) is formed in the upper end face of the support frame (20), and a turnover tool used for being connected with the lower part of the TBM part is arranged in the clamping groove (21);
the overturning tool comprises a rotating shaft B (22), one end of the rotating shaft B (22) is arranged in the clamping groove (21), the other end of the rotating shaft B is provided with a fixing plate B (23) with a bolt hole, and the fixing plate B (23) is connected with a TBM part through the bolt hole and the bolt;
In the step 1), the recovery of the continuous belt conveyor comprises the following steps of ①, synchronously disassembling and recovering the continuous belt, the belt frame and accessories, ②, synchronously disassembling and outwards conveying a ballasting drive and an auxiliary drive foundation, ③, disassembling and outwards conveying a belt storage bin, and disassembling and outwards conveying the rest parts of a ballasting system ④;
after the power supply conversion is completed, the dismantling of the rear matching area and the dismantling of the host area can be synchronously performed.
2. The reverse disassembly method for the non-enlarged cavity in the TBM cavity according to claim 1, wherein the air duct is recovered by the steps of ①, dismantling and outward transportation of a butt-force fan, ②, dismantling and outward transportation of a ventilation pipeline.
3. The reverse disassembly method for the non-enlarged cavity in the TBM cavity according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of foot locking anchors (6) are arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped ground beam (2), and the foot locking anchors (6) anchor the arc-shaped ground beam (2) at the bottom of the tunnel (1).
4. The method for reversely disassembling a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity according to claim 3, wherein the jacking and hoisting mechanism comprises a portal device arranged on a track (5), and a jacking device is arranged at the lower part of the portal device.
5. The method for reversely disassembling a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity according to claim 4, wherein the portal device comprises a wheel set (7) arranged on a track (5), a portal longitudinal beam (8) is horizontally arranged on the wheel set (7), a splayed inclined column (9) is arranged on the portal longitudinal beam (8), a portal cross beam (10) is horizontally arranged on the upper end face of the splayed inclined column (9), a plurality of lifting lugs A (11) are arranged on the lower end face of the portal cross beam (10), and the jacking mechanism is arranged on the portal longitudinal beam (8).
6. The method for reversely disassembling the non-enlarged cavity in the TBM cavity according to claim 5, wherein the portal frame device further comprises a detachable lifting lug tool, the detachable lifting lug tool comprises a lifting lug B (12), a connecting piece (13) is arranged at one end of the lifting lug B (12), bolt holes are formed in two ends of the connecting piece (13), the lifting lug B (12) is connected with the TBM part through the bolt holes and the bolts, and the lifting lug B (12) is connected with the lifting lug A (11) through a steel wire rope (14).
7. The reverse dismounting method of the non-enlarged cavity in the TBM cavity according to claim 6, wherein the jacking device comprises a pair of jacks (15) which are vertically arranged on the upper end face of the portal girder (8) and are positioned in the middle of the portal girder (8), a supporting plate (16) is arranged on the upper end face of each jack (15), a groove (17) is formed in the upper end face of each supporting plate (16), and the jacking device further comprises a jacking tool which is connected with the TBM part and matched with the groove (17).
8. The method for reversely disassembling the non-enlarged cavity in the TBM cavity according to claim 7, wherein the jacking tool comprises a rotating shaft A (18), one end of the rotating shaft A (18) is positioned in the groove (17), the other end of the rotating shaft A is provided with a fixing plate A (19) with a bolt hole, and the fixing plate A (19) is connected with the TBM part through the bolt hole and the bolt.
9. The method for reverse dismounting a non-enlarged cavity in a TBM cavity according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of groups of transverse connecting beams (39) are arranged between the portal beams (8) on two sides of the portal device.
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| CN114715788A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-08 | 中铁十八局集团隧道工程有限公司 | Supplementary TBM dismounting device |
| CN116354233A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-06-30 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A hoisting system for non-destructive disassembly of TBM |
| CN116856954A (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-10-10 | 中交二公局东萌工程有限公司 | Tunnel TBM disassembling system |
| CN119550022A (en) * | 2024-11-27 | 2025-03-04 | 中南大学 | A method for disassembling the center block of an ultra-large diameter normal pressure cutter head |
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