CN114905902A - A multifunctional lowering mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a traction mechanism, in particular to a multifunctional lowering mechanism. The swing mechanism and the hydraulic winch are arranged on the chassis; the bottom of the swing frame is hinged with the chassis, and the top of the swing frame is provided with a fixed pulley; one end of the steel wire rope is wound on the hydraulic winch, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the hook component through the fixed pulley; the output end of the swing driving mechanism is connected with the swing frame and used for driving the swing frame to swing. The invention integrates traction, tires and a tool box get-off into a mechanism in a limited space, wherein the traction function can not only traction other trapped vehicles, but also realize self-rescue when the vehicle has accidents such as side inclination, and the like, the operation is simple, and the manpower resource and the time cost are saved.

Description

A multifunctional lowering mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to a traction mechanism, in particular to a multifunctional lowering mechanism.

Background technique

For the heavy-duty composite platform with a full load of 100 tons, the winch on the vehicle chassis is mostly used for traction. The existing problems are that the traction capacity is low, the function is single, the traction capacity of the heavy-duty 100-ton vehicle is limited, and the traction conditions There are requirements, and the heavy-duty traction structure accounts for a large proportion of the vehicle space.

Based on the above situation, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional traction mechanism that can solve the problems of low traction capacity and single function of existing heavy-duty vehicles, so as to improve work efficiency and space utilization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional lowering mechanism to solve the problems of low traction capacity and single function of existing heavy-duty vehicles.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A multifunctional lowering mechanism includes a swing frame, a swing drive mechanism, a fixed pulley, a hydraulic winch, a hook assembly and a wire rope, wherein the swing drive mechanism and the hydraulic winch are arranged on the chassis; the bottom of the swing frame is hinged with the chassis, and the top A fixed pulley is provided; one end of the wire rope is wound on the hydraulic winch, and the other end is connected to the hook assembly through the fixed pulley; the output end of the swing drive mechanism is connected to the swing frame for use in The swing frame is driven to swing.

The hook assembly includes a hook and a movable pulley arranged on the hook; the other end of the wire rope is connected to the top of the swing frame after passing through the movable pulley.

The top of the swing frame is provided with a rope blocking wheel located on one side of the fixed pulley, and the other end of the wire rope is connected with the rope blocking wheel.

The swing drive mechanism includes a swing hydraulic cylinder, a small connecting rod and a large connecting rod, wherein one end of the large connecting rod is hinged with the chassis, the other end is hinged with one end of the small connecting rod, and the other end of the small connecting rod is hinged. It is hinged with the swing frame; the swing hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the chassis, and the output end is hinged with the other end of the large connecting rod.

The two sides of the swing frame are respectively provided with auxiliary lifting points and a tire lowering mechanism, wherein the auxiliary lifting point is arranged on the top of the swing frame; the tire lowering mechanism is arranged at the middle position of the swing frame for carrying tires .

The tire lowering mechanism includes a fixed seat, a tire support frame, a cylinder and a guide rod, wherein the fixed seat is connected with the swing frame, the cylinder is arranged on the fixed seat, and the output end is connected with the tire support frame; the The tire support frame is slidably connected with the fixed seat through a guide rod.

The tire support frame is an L-shaped structure, the bottom of which is connected with the output end of the cylinder, and the side is used for mounting the tire.

The tire support frame is positioned and connected to the fixed seat through a quick-release pin.

The chassis is provided with a support seat, and the bottom of the swing frame is rotatably connected with the support seat.

The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a multi-functional lowering mechanism for the practical problems of the existing heavy-duty vehicles with low traction capacity, single function and heavy-duty traction structure occupying a large space in the whole vehicle.

The structural member of the invention adopts the boom structural steel, which has strong rigidity, compact structure, light weight, high reliability and large traction force.

The present invention integrates traction, tires, and toolbox alighting into one mechanism in a limited space, wherein the traction function can not only tow other trapped vehicles, but also realize self-rescue when the own vehicle rolls and other accidents. Simple, save human resources and time costs.

The invention is suitable for heavy-duty reloading vehicles with limited space and towing capacity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of multifunctional lowering mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left side view of Fig. 1;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tire lowering mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3;

5 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of a multifunctional lowering mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the left side view of Fig. 5;

7 is a schematic diagram of the mutual rescue function of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the force diagram of the rescued vehicle in the present invention;

10 is a graph of drag force and gradient under mutual rescue conditions of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the curve diagram of eccentric load force and gradient under the mutual rescue working condition of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the curve diagram of the eccentric load angle and eccentric load force under the mutual rescue condition of the present invention;

13 is a schematic diagram of the self-rescue function of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is the top view of Fig. 13;

Figure 15 is a graph of drag force and gradient under self-rescue conditions of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a graph of eccentric load force and gradient under the self-rescue condition of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a graph of the eccentric load angle and eccentric load force under the self-rescue condition of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Sheave; 2. Swing frame; 3. Fixed pulley; 4. Swing hydraulic cylinder; 5. Hydraulic winch; 6. Support seat; 7. Small connecting rod; 8. Large connecting rod; 9. Auxiliary Lifting point; 10, hook; 11, tire lowering mechanism; 111, fixed seat; 112, tire support frame; 113, cylinder; 114, guide rod; 115, quick release pin; 12, steel wire rope; 13, tire; 14, Chassis; 15. Moving pulley; F, axial load bearing capacity of fixed pulley; T, drag force; F, _eccentric and eccentric load force; θ, eccentric load angle; α, slope.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-2, a multifunctional lowering mechanism provided by the present invention includes a swing frame 2, a swing drive mechanism, a fixed pulley 3, a hydraulic winch 5, a hook assembly and a wire rope 12, wherein the swing drive mechanism and the hydraulic winch 5 is arranged on the chassis 14; the bottom of the swing frame 2 is hinged with the chassis 14, and the top is provided with a fixed pulley 3; one end of the wire rope 12 is wound on the hydraulic winch 5, and the other end is connected with the hook assembly through the fixed pulley 3; the swing drive mechanism The output end is connected with the swing frame 2 for driving the swing frame 2 to swing.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the swing driving mechanism includes a swing hydraulic cylinder 4, a small connecting rod 7 and a large connecting rod 8, wherein one end of the large connecting rod 8 is hinged with the chassis 14, the other end is hinged with one end of the small connecting rod 7, and the small connecting rod 8 is hinged with one end of the small connecting rod 7. The other end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged with the swing frame 2 ; the swing hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged on the chassis 14 , and the output end is hinged with the other end of the large connecting rod 8 . The swing hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the large connecting rod 8 to swing, and the large connecting rod 8 drives the swing frame 2 to swing through the small connecting rod 7 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , in the embodiment of the present invention, the hook assembly includes a hook 10 and a movable pulley 15 arranged on the hook 10 ; the other end of the wire rope 12 is connected to the top of the swing frame 2 after passing through the movable pulley 15 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, the top of the swing frame 2 is provided with a rope blocking wheel 1 located on one side of the fixed pulley 3 , and the rope blocking wheel 1 is used to fix the end of the wire rope 12 . Specifically, a rope blocking pulley 1 and a plurality of fixed pulleys 3 are coaxially installed on the top of the swing frame 2, and a plurality of movable pulleys 15 are coaxially installed at the end of the hook 10. The wire rope 12 passes through the first fixed pulley and the first movable pulley in sequence. , after passing through the second fixed pulley, the second movable pulley, and so on, until the last movable pulley, the wire rope 12 is drawn out from the last movable pulley and is connected and fixed to the rope blocking wheel 1 .

As shown in Figure 2, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, auxiliary lifting points 9 and tire lowering mechanisms 11 are respectively provided on both sides of the swing frame 2, wherein the auxiliary suspension points 9 are arranged on the top of one side of the swing frame 2; The lowering mechanism 11 is arranged in the middle position of the other side of the swing frame 2 for carrying the tire 13 .

As shown in FIGS. 3-4 , in the embodiment of the present invention, the tire lowering mechanism 11 includes a fixed seat 111 , a tire support frame 112 , an air cylinder 113 and a guide rod 114 , wherein the fixed seat 111 is connected with the swing frame 2 , and the air cylinder 113 is arranged on the on the fixing seat 111 , and the output end is connected with the tire support frame 112 ; the tire support frame 112 is slidably connected with the fixing seat 111 through the guide rod 114 .

Specifically, in this embodiment, the tire support frame 112 is an L-shaped structure, the bottom of which is connected to the output end of the cylinder 113 , and the side surface is used for mounting the tire 13 . When the swing frame 2 is in a horizontal state, the air cylinder 113 drives the tire support frame 112 to move downward, so as to realize the downward movement of the tire 13 .

Further, the tire support frame 112 is positioned and connected to the fixing seat 111 through the quick-release pin 115 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the chassis 14 is provided with a support base 6 , and the bottom of the swing frame 2 is rotatably connected with the support base 6 .

The multifunctional lowering mechanism provided by the present invention is used on heavy vehicles and is divided into four functions, namely, self-rescue function, mutual rescue function, tire lowering function and toolbox lowering function. The support base 6 and the hydraulic winch 5 are fixed on the chassis 14 , the support base 6 is arranged at the rear of the vehicle, and the swing frame 2 is hinged to the support base 6 . The support base 6 is used as the rotating shaft of the swing frame 2, and the swing frame 2 is used to increase the overall traction distance and traction force. The small connecting rod 7, the large connecting rod 8 and the swing hydraulic cylinder form a swing drive mechanism, which makes the swing frame 2 rotate. , the hydraulic winch 5 provides a power source for traction, and the fixed pulley 3 can amplify the traction capacity of the hydraulic winch 5 . The auxiliary lifting point 9 is used for the tools and spare parts boxes on the transport vehicle, and the tire lowering mechanism 11 is used for the transportation and fixing of the tire 13 .

In the process of accident rescue, in order to pull out the trapped vehicle, the towed vehicle may form a certain angle with the swing frame 2 due to the complicated road conditions at the accident site. Therefore, the swing hydraulic cylinder 4 that drives the swing frame 2 is designed to follow the swing The function, that is, the swinging hydraulic cylinder 4 becomes a damping body, which will change with the change of the external load angle. During the dragging process, the entire mechanism can be made to follow the ups and downs of the road surface, and the entire mechanism can become a flexible structure to avoid the structure being affected. Excessive force may cause damage to the mechanism.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional self-rescue and mutual rescue lowering mechanism has a total weight of 840kg, a traction capacity of 45t, a traction distance of 10m, a tire weight of 220kg, a 6-fold pulley block, and a winch pulling capacity of 7t.

The multifunctional lowering mechanism provided by the invention integrates the traction function with the lowering of the spare tire, the tool box and the spare accessories. The structural member of the invention adopts the boom structural steel, which has strong rigidity, compact structure, light weight, high reliability and large traction force.

The advantage of the present invention is that in a limited space, the traction, tires, and toolbox getting off the car are assembled into one mechanism, wherein the traction function can not only tow other trapped vehicles, but also can realize the rollover and other accidents of the own vehicle. Self-help, simple operation, saving human resources and time costs. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for heavy-duty reloading vehicles with limited space and towing capacity.

A kind of multifunctional lowering mechanism provided by the present invention, its specific implementation process is:

Tire lowering function: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, manually operate the swing hydraulic cylinder 4 to extend, drive the small connecting rod 7 and the large connecting rod 8 to drive the swing frame 2 to rotate 120° around the support base 6, and simultaneously operate the hydraulic winch 5 to rotate Release the wire rope 12, when the hook 10 is lowered on the swing frame 2, since the tire lowering mechanism 11 is installed on the swing frame 2, the tire 13 is lowered with the mechanism, and the operator connects the air source on the vehicle with the air pipe of the mechanism, and then After unplugging the quick release pin 15 to release the mechanical limit, the operator turns on the air circuit switch to make the air cylinder 113 drive the tire lowering mechanism 11 to descend, the tire 13 falls to the ground, and then the operator removes the bolts fixed on the fixing seat 111, and the tire 13 gets off the car. Complete, save manpower and improve efficiency.

Tool and spare accessory box lowering function: Before operating the tool and spare accessory box lowering function, hook the manual hoist to the auxiliary lifting point 9. After tying the box to be transported with a sling, the operator will hang the sling on the hook of the manual hoist. At the same time, the beam on the auxiliary lifting point 9 can be moved laterally when the distance is long or when it is inconvenient to hook up, which is convenient for personnel to operate and saves time and effort. Then operate according to the operation sequence of the tire lowering function to get the box off the car. In order to prevent the box from shaking during the process of getting off the box, the operator participates in holding the box and gets off the car slowly. The swing frame 2 can also stop at any angle within the moving range of 120°, which is convenient for boxes of different shapes to get off the car. , save manpower and improve efficiency.

Mutual rescue function: as shown in Figure 7-8, manually operate the swing hydraulic cylinder 4 to extend the belt, move the small connecting rod 7 and the large connecting rod 8 to drive the swing frame 2 to rotate 120° around the support base 6, and simultaneously operate the hydraulic winch 5 to rotate The wire rope 12 is released, the hook 10 is lowered, and the operator connects the hook 10 to the accident vehicle with a sling. As shown in Figure 8, in the whole swing frame 2, only the axial load bearing capacity F of the fixed pulley is poor, and the axial load bearing capacity F of the fixed pulley is F=5% of the radial load bearing capacity. Each pulley can bear a tensile force of 16t axial load, so the axial load bearing capacity=5%×16=0.8(t).

where -θ is the eccentric load angle

F is the axial load bearing capacity of the pulley

T is the drag force

As shown in Figure 9, during the towing process, due to the complex road conditions at the accident site, it is divided into slope road and flat road towing. Therefore, the towing scope is mainly divided into two categories, and the rescue scope is mainly divided into two categories. The first category It is a small-slope rescue, that is, as shown in Figure 10, the shaded area of ① in Figure 10 is characterized by the accident of the rescued vehicle on the slope of 0-17.6%, and the rescue vehicle is on the level road, pulling the direction of the wire rope 12 There is a certain angle with the ground of the rescue vehicle, and the angle θ of the eccentric load is 0-3.51°, and the rescue is carried out by means of large-slope rescue beyond the range of the slope; the second type is the large-slope rescue, as shown in Figure 10, The shaded area of ② in Fig. 10 is characterized by the accident of the rescued vehicle on the slope of 19.4% to 41.3%. The rescue vehicle is on a level road, and the direction of dragging the wire rope 12 is always horizontal to the ground of the rescue vehicle, and can be eccentrically loaded. The angle θ is 0.95-1.86°. If it cannot be kept horizontal or the direction of the force is downward, it cannot be rescued. As shown in Figure 10-11, the shaded area is the scope of mutual rescue, beyond which rescue cannot be carried out. The drag force T and the eccentric load force F _increase with the increase of the slope; as shown in Figure 12, the eccentric load force The F _offset decreases with the increase of the eccentric load angle.

Self-rescue function: As shown in Figure 13-14, the lowering process of the swing frame 2 is the same as the mutual rescue function. After the hook 10 is lowered, the operator uses the surrounding natural environment to tie the hook 10 to the surrounding solid trees or mountains with a sling. Due to the complicated road conditions at the accident site, the rescue scope is mainly divided into two categories. The first category is small-slope rescue, as shown in Figure 15. The shaded area of ① in Figure 15 is characterized by the rescued vehicle at 0-17.6 In the case of accidents on % of the slopes, the rescue vehicle is on a horizontal road surface, and the direction of dragging the wire rope 12 has a certain angle with the ground of the rescue vehicle. During the towing process, the eccentric load can be eccentric to a certain angle, and its range is 0-5.39°. If it exceeds the range of the slope, the rescue is carried out by means of large-slope rescue; the second type is the large-slope rescue, that is, the shaded area of ② in Figure 15, which is characterized by the accident of the rescued vehicle on 24.9-60.3% of the slope. When the vehicle is on a level road, the direction of dragging the wire rope 12 is always level with the ground of the rescue vehicle. Similar to the rescue process on small slopes, the eccentric load angle is also allowed in the rescue on large slopes, and its range is 1.22-2.41°. If the direction of the force is downward, it cannot be rescued. The shaded area is the scope of self-rescue and rescue, beyond which rescue cannot be carried out. As shown in Figure 15-16, the drag force T and the eccentric load force F _{eccentrically} increase with the increase of the slope; as shown in Figure 17, the eccentric load force F _{eccentrically} decreases with the increase of the eccentric load angle θ.

The present invention is suitable for heavy-duty reloading vehicles with limited space and traction capacity. In a limited space, the traction, tires, and toolbox alighting are assembled into one mechanism, wherein the traction function can not only tow other trapped vehicles, but also in itself When the vehicle rolls and other accidents, it can also realize self-rescue, the operation is simple, and the human resources and time costs are saved.

The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, expansion, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multifunctional lowering mechanism, characterized in that it comprises a swing frame (2), a swing drive mechanism, a fixed pulley (3), a hydraulic winch (5), a hook assembly and a wire rope (12), wherein the swing drive mechanism and The hydraulic winch (5) is arranged on the chassis (14); the bottom of the swing frame (2) is hinged with the chassis (14), and the top is provided with a fixed pulley (3); one end of the wire rope (12) is wound around the On the hydraulic winch (5), the other end is connected to the hook assembly through the fixed pulley (3); the output end of the swing drive mechanism is connected to the swing frame (2) for driving the swing frame (2) Swing. 2. The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the hook assembly comprises a hook (10) and a movable pulley (15) arranged on the hook (10); the wire rope (10) The other end of 12) is connected to the top of the swing frame (2) after passing through the movable pulley (15). 3. The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the top of the swing frame (2) is provided with a rope blocking wheel (1) located on one side of the fixed pulley (3), and the wire rope The other end of (12) is connected with the rope blocking pulley (1). 4. The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the swing driving mechanism comprises a swing hydraulic cylinder (4), a small connecting rod (7) and a large connecting rod (8), wherein the large connecting rod ( 8) One end is hinged with the chassis (14), the other end is hinged with one end of the small connecting rod (7), and the other end of the small connecting rod (7) is hinged with the swing frame (2); The swing hydraulic cylinder (4) is hinged on the chassis (14), and the output end is hinged with the other end of the large connecting rod (8). 5. The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, both sides of the swing frame (2) are respectively provided with auxiliary lifting points (9) and a tire lowering mechanism (11), The auxiliary lifting point (9) is arranged on the top of the swing frame (2); the tire lowering mechanism (11) is arranged at the middle position of the swing frame (2) for carrying the tire (13). 6. The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the tire lowering mechanism (11) comprises a fixing seat (111), a tire support frame (112), a cylinder (113) and a guide rod (114) , wherein the fixed seat (111) is connected with the swing frame (2), the cylinder (113) is arranged on the fixed seat (111), and the output end is connected with the tire support frame (112); the tire support The frame (112) is slidably connected to the fixing seat (111) through a guide rod (114). 7. The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the tire support frame (112) is an L-shaped structure, the bottom of which is connected to the output end of the air cylinder (113), and the side is used for installing the the tire (13). 8 . The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 6 , wherein the tire support frame ( 112 ) is positioned and connected to the fixing seat ( 111 ) through a quick release pin ( 115 ). 9 . 9 . The multifunctional lowering mechanism according to claim 1 , wherein a support seat ( 6 ) is provided on the chassis ( 14 ), and the bottom of the swing frame ( 2 ) is connected to the support seat ( 6 ). 10 . Turn the connection.

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