CN114871782A - A kind of automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding. The automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet includes the following steps: step 1: cutting the sheet; step 2: preprocessing the sheet; Three: sheet welding treatment; step four: welding quality inspection. In the present invention, the cut sheet is placed on the grinding equipment, the grinding equipment is started to grind the convex points on the surface of the sheet, and the residue attached to the surface of the sheet is ground and removed, and the surface of the sheet is cleaned by the cleaning pool to remove the The impurities and dust on the surface are finally dried by drying equipment to prevent moisture from affecting the quality of welding, thus avoiding the existence of more residue or dust on the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet before welding, which is easy to weld. The phenomenon of virtual welding or welding instability on the surface of the thin plate is caused, which ensures the welding quality of the thin plate and improves the qualification rate.

Description

A kind of automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheet

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding, in particular to an automatic welding method for aluminum alloy sheets.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the high-speed railway industry in recent years, the welding of aluminum alloys for rail vehicles has become a new research hotspot. As the key material for the manufacture of high-speed EMUs, the welding quality of aluminum alloys is the basis for determining the long-term safe operation of high-speed trains. It is of great significance to improve the operating life of high-speed trains. As a key process in the manufacture of high-speed train bodies, the welding of aluminum alloys plays a very important role. The following problems exist for the prior art:

1. Before welding the aluminum alloy sheet in modern times, due to the existence of more residue or dust on the surface of the sheet, it is easy to cause the phenomenon of virtual welding or unstable welding on the surface of the sheet during welding, resulting in poor welding quality;

2. When using welding equipment to weld the thin plate, because the equipment cannot fix the thin plate, the thin plate moves at will during welding, which affects the progress of welding and leads to the problem of low welding efficiency of the equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an automatic welding method for aluminum alloy sheets, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background art.

For solving the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet, and the automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Thin plate cutting;

Step 2: Pretreatment of thin plate;

Step 3: Sheet welding treatment;

Step 4: Welding quality inspection.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the first step includes: measuring the size to be cut on the thin plate with a measuring ruler, then marking the surface of the thin plate with a marker, placing the thin plate on the cutting machine, and using the cutting machine Cut the sheet to the specified length.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is: the step 2 includes the following steps:

S1: Place the cut sheet on the grinding equipment, start the grinding equipment to grind the raised points on the surface of the sheet, and grind and remove the residue attached to the surface of the sheet;

S2: Place the polished sheet in the cleaning pool, use a water pump to extract water and spray it on the surface of the sheet for cleaning, and use a brush to clean and remove impurities on the surface of the sheet. After the first cleaning, let the water in the cleaning pool dry. The surface of the thin plate is cleaned twice, and after cleaning, the thin plate is taken out and set aside for use;

S3: Put the cleaned sheet into the drying equipment, start the drying equipment to dry and evaporate the moisture on the surface of the sheet, the drying temperature is controlled at 40-50 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is 0.5h to ensure that the moisture on the sheet surface is completely removed.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the step 3 includes: placing the dried sheet on the welding equipment, and starting the welding equipment to weld the sheet, and the step 4 includes: using the welding detection of the welded sheet. The instrument detects the welding position to ensure that there is no false welding at the welding position, and the welded product can be obtained.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the welding equipment includes a welding machine body, a positioning mechanism is provided on the worktable surface of the welding machine body, and a dust removal mechanism is provided on the side surface of the welding machine body.

The positioning mechanism includes a positioning box, the inner cavity of the positioning box is provided with a guide rod, the surface of the guide rod is slidably connected with a sliding block, and one side of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a transmission rod. One end extends to the outside of the positioning box and is fixedly connected with a splint, the other side of the slider is fixedly connected with a straight rod, and one end of the straight rod extends to the outside of the positioning box and is fixedly connected with a sleeve.

The dust removal mechanism includes a water tank, the water tank is provided with a purification liquid, a suction pump is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the water tank, and a dust suction hood is fixedly connected to the input end of the suction pump. The output end of the pump is fixedly connected with a conduit, and the bottom end of the conduit extends to the inner cavity of the water tank and is fixedly connected with a dispersing block.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the positioning mechanism further includes a positioning plate, one side of the positioning plate is fixedly connected with a handle, the other side of the positioning plate is provided with a clamping plate, and the side of the sleeve plate is provided with There is a card slot, the card plate is connected to the card slot, the number of the sliders is two, an elastic member is arranged between the two sliders, and the side of the slider is connected to the inner cavity of the positioning box. There are elastic cords in between.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the splint includes a top plate, the top plate is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod, the bottom surface of the top plate is provided with telescopic rods on both sides, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod is provided with a bottom plate, The bottom surface of the bottom plate is provided with an elastic block, the top surface of the bottom plate is provided with an elastic piece, and the top end of the elastic piece is provided on the bottom surface of the top plate.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that an upper pressure block is arranged on the top surface of the inner cavity of the elastic block, a lower pressure block is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the elastic block, and a lower pressure block is arranged between the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block. There is an elastic ball, and the bottom surface of the elastic block is provided with a non-slip particle layer.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the top of the inner cavity of the dispersing block is provided with a fixing groove, the fixing groove is communicated with the conduit, the bottom surface of the fixing groove is provided with a dispersing groove, and the left bottom end of the water tank A sewage pipe is provided, a water injection port is provided on the other side of the top surface of the water tank, and an exhaust port is provided on the top left side of the water tank.

Owing to having adopted the above-mentioned technical scheme, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is relative to the prior art:

1. The present invention provides an automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet, which adopts the method of pre-processing the sheet, by placing the cut sheet on a grinding equipment, and starting the grinding equipment to grind the convex points on the surface of the sheet, And the residue attached to the surface of the thin plate is removed by grinding, and the surface of the thin plate is cleaned by the cleaning pool to remove impurities and dust on the surface, and finally the thin plate is dried by drying equipment to prevent moisture from affecting the quality of welding, thus avoiding Before welding the aluminum alloy sheet, due to the existence of more residue or dust on the surface of the sheet, it is easy to cause the phenomenon of virtual welding or unstable welding on the surface of the sheet during welding, which ensures the welding quality of the sheet and improves the pass rate.

2. The present invention provides an automatic welding method for aluminum alloy sheets, which adopts a positioning mechanism, a positioning box, a guide rod, a slider, a straight rod, a transmission rod, a sleeve plate, a card slot, a card plate, a positioning plate, an elastic member, The elastic rope and the splint cooperate, by placing the thin plate between the two splints, moving the two splints to clamp the thin plate, when the splint moves, the transmission rod moves, the transmission rod drives the slider to move, and the slider cooperates with the straight rod to drive The sleeve plate moves, and the slider moves to squeeze the elastic member and stretch the elastic rope to generate elastic force. After the splint clamps the thin plate, the card plate is clamped into the slot to fix the position of the sleeve plate, and then the thin plate is fixed and welded. After that, separate the card plate from the card slot, and the elastic member and elastic rope restore the elastic force to drive the plate to spring back to its original position, and then the thin plate can be removed, which avoids the thin plate caused by the inability of the equipment to fix the thin plate when the welding equipment welds the thin plate. The problem of random movement during welding ensures the efficiency of welding and saves welding time.

3. The present invention provides an automatic welding method for aluminum alloy sheets, which adopts the cooperation of a dust removal mechanism, a water tank, a suction pump, a dust hood, a duct, a dispersion block, a fixed groove, a dispersion groove and an exhaust port, and the dust is collected by vacuuming. The hood absorbs the smoke and dust generated by welding, the suction pump guides the smoke and dust into the duct, and the duct guides the smoke and dust into the fixed groove of the dispersing block. The flue gas in the fixed groove is dispersed by the dispersing groove and enters the water tank to be mixed with the purification liquid, and the purified air It is discharged from the exhaust port, which avoids the problem that the flue gas affects the working environment during welding, ensures the environmental protection of welding, and at the same time ensures the personal health of workers.

4. The present invention provides an automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheet, which adopts the cooperation of splint, top plate, bottom plate, shrapnel, telescopic rod, elastic block, upper pressing block, lower pressing block, elastic ball and anti-skid particle layer. When clamping the surface of the thin plate, the bottom plate and the top plate squeeze the shrapnel to generate elastic force, and at the same time the elastic block is squeezed, so that the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block squeeze the elastic ball to generate elastic force, and the elastic force of the shrapnel and the elastic ball is used to increase the fixed force. Stability, and the anti-slip particle layer increases the friction between the elastic block and the sheet, and improves the fixing effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the process flow schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding machine body of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the sleeve plate and the clamping plate of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the splint of the present invention;

6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an elastic block of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the water tank of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the dispersing block of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, welding machine body; 2, positioning mechanism; 21, positioning box; 22, guide rod; 23, splint; 231, top plate; 232, shrapnel; 233, telescopic rod; 234, bottom plate; 2351, upper pressure block; 2352, elastic ball; 2353, anti-slip particle layer; 2354, lower pressure block; 24, clamping plate; 25, handle; 26, positioning plate; 27, sleeve plate; 28, straight rod; 29, elasticity Parts; 210, slider; 211, transmission rod; 212, elastic rope; 213, card slot; 3, dust removal mechanism; 31, water tank; 32, dust cover; 33, conduit; 34, water injection port; 35, exhaust mouth; 36, sewage pipe; 37, dispersion block; 371, fixed tank; 372, dispersion tank; 38, suction pump.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-8, the present invention provides an automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet, and the automatic welding method for an aluminum alloy sheet includes the following steps:

Step 1: Thin plate cutting;

Step 2: Pretreatment of thin plate;

Step 3: Sheet welding treatment;

Step 4: Welding quality inspection.

The first step includes: measuring the size to be cut on the thin plate with a measuring ruler, then marking the surface of the thin plate with a marker, placing the thin plate on the cutting machine, using the cutting machine to cut the thin plate, and cutting the thin plate into specified length.

The second step includes the following steps:

S1: Place the cut sheet on the grinding equipment, start the grinding equipment to grind the raised points on the surface of the sheet, and grind and remove the residue attached to the surface of the sheet;

S2: Place the polished sheet in the cleaning pool, use a water pump to extract water and spray it on the surface of the sheet for cleaning, and use a brush to clean and remove impurities on the surface of the sheet. After the first cleaning, let the water in the cleaning pool dry. The surface of the thin plate is cleaned twice, and after cleaning, the thin plate is taken out and set aside for use;

S3: Put the cleaned sheet into the drying equipment, start the drying equipment to dry and evaporate the moisture on the surface of the sheet, the drying temperature is controlled at 40-50 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is 0.5h to ensure that the moisture on the sheet surface is completely removed.

The third step includes: placing the dried sheet on the welding equipment, and starting the welding equipment to weld the sheet. When the virtual welding occurs, the welded product can be obtained.

In this embodiment, the thin plate is pretreated by placing the cut thin plate on a grinding device, starting the grinding device to grind the convex points on the surface of the thin plate, and grinding and removing the residue attached to the surface of the thin plate, And then use the cleaning pool to clean the surface of the sheet to remove impurities and dust on the surface, and finally use the drying equipment to dry the sheet to prevent moisture from affecting the quality of welding, thus avoiding the aluminum alloy sheet before welding. There is a lot of residue or dust, which is easy to cause the phenomenon of virtual welding or unstable welding on the surface of the thin plate during welding, which ensures the welding quality of the thin plate and improves the qualification rate.

Example 2

As shown in Figures 1-8, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the welding equipment includes a welding machine body 1, and a positioning mechanism 2 is provided on the worktable surface of the welding machine body 1, and the positioning mechanism The mechanism 2 includes a positioning box 21, the inner cavity of the positioning box 21 is provided with a guide rod 22, the surface of the guide rod 22 is slidably connected with a slider 210, one side of the slider 210 is fixedly connected with a transmission rod 211, and one end of the transmission rod 211 extends To the outside of the positioning box 21 and fixedly connected with the splint 23, the other side of the slider 210 is fixedly connected with a straight rod 28, one end of the straight rod 28 extends to the outside of the positioning box 21 and is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate 27, the positioning mechanism 2 It also includes a positioning plate 26, one side of the positioning plate 26 is fixedly connected with the handle 25, the other side of the positioning plate 26 is provided with a clamping plate 24, the side of the sleeve plate 27 is provided with a clamping slot 213, and the clamping plate 24 and the clamping slot 213 are locked Then, the number of the sliders 210 is two, an elastic member 29 is arranged between the two sliders 210 , and an elastic cord 212 is arranged between the side surface of the slider 210 and the inner cavity of the positioning box 21 .

In this embodiment, the thin plate is placed between the two clamping plates 23, and the two clamping plates 23 are moved to clamp the thin plate. When the clamping plate 23 moves, the transmission rod 211 is driven to move, and the transmission rod 211 drives the slider 210 to move. The block 210 cooperates with the straight rod 28 to drive the sleeve plate 27 to move. At the same time, the slider 210 moves and squeezes the elastic member 29 and stretches the elastic rope 212 to generate elastic force. , so that the position of the sleeve plate 27 is fixed, and then the thin plate is fixed. After welding, the clamping plate 24 is separated from the clamping slot 213, and the elastic member 29 and the elastic rope 212 restore the elastic force to drive the clamping plate 23 to bounce back to its original position, and the thin plate can be removed. .

Example 3

As shown in Figures 1-8, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, a dust removal mechanism 3 is provided on the side of the welding machine body 1, and the dust removal mechanism 3 includes a water tank 31, and the water tank 31 is provided with a dust removal mechanism 3. There is purifying liquid, a suction pump 38 is fixedly connected to the top side of the water tank 31, the input end of the suction pump 38 is fixedly connected with a dust hood 32, and the output end of the suction pump 38 is fixedly connected with a conduit 33. The bottom end extends to the inner cavity of the water tank 31 and is fixedly connected with the dispersion block 37. The top of the inner cavity of the dispersion block 37 is provided with a fixing slot 371, the fixing slot 371 is communicated with the conduit 33, and the bottom surface of the fixing slot 371 is provided with a dispersion slot 372. A drain pipe 36 is provided on the bottom end of the left side of the water tank 31 , a water filling port 34 is provided on the other side of the top surface of the water tank 31 , and an exhaust port 35 is provided on the top left side of the water tank 31 .

In this embodiment, the fumes generated by welding are absorbed by the dust hood 32, and the suction pump 38 guides the fumes into the duct 33, and the duct 33 guides the fumes into the fixing grooves 371 of the dispersing block 37, and the fumes in the fixing grooves 371 pass through After dispersion, the dispersion tank 372 enters the water tank 31 to be mixed with the purified liquid. The purified air is discharged from the exhaust port 35. The sewage pipe 36 is convenient for discharging the sewage in the water tank 31.

Example 4

As shown in Figures 1-8, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the splint 23 includes a top plate 231, the top plate 231 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod 211, and both sides of the bottom surface of the top plate 231 Each is provided with a telescopic rod 233, the bottom end of the telescopic rod 233 is provided with a bottom plate 234, the bottom surface of the bottom plate 234 is provided with an elastic block 235, the top surface of the bottom plate 234 is provided with an elastic sheet 232, and the top of the elastic sheet 232 is provided on the bottom surface of the top plate 231, elastic The top surface of the inner cavity of the block 235 is provided with an upper pressure block 2351, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the elastic block 235 is provided with a lower pressure block 2354, an elastic ball 2352 is arranged between the upper pressure block 2351 and the lower pressure block 2354, and the bottom surface of the elastic block 235 A non-slip particle layer 2353 is provided.

In this embodiment, when the clamping plate 23 clamps the surface of the thin plate, the bottom plate 234 and the top plate 231 squeeze the elastic sheet 232 to generate elastic force, and at the same time the elastic block 235 is squeezed, so that the upper pressure block 2351 and the lower pressure block 2354 squeeze the elastic force The ball 2352 generates elastic force, and the elastic force of the shrapnel 232 and the elastic ball 2352 increases the stability of fixing, and the anti-slip particle layer 2353 increases the friction between the elastic block 235 and the thin plate, and improves the fixing effect.

To sum up, in the present invention, the cut sheet is placed on the grinding equipment, the grinding equipment is started to grind the convex points on the surface of the sheet, and the residue attached to the surface of the sheet is removed by grinding, and the surface of the sheet is cleaned by the cleaning pool. Clean, remove impurities and dust on the surface, and finally use drying equipment to dry the thin plate, so as to avoid the phenomenon of weak welding or unstable welding on the surface of the thin plate during welding. In addition, when welding the thin plate using the welding machine body 1 , by placing the thin plate between the two clamping plates 23, moving the two clamping plates 23 to clamp the thin plate, when the clamping plate 23 moves, the transmission rod 211 is driven to move, the transmission rod 211 drives the slider 210 to move, and the slider 210 cooperates with the straight rod 28 drives the sleeve plate 27 to move, and at the same time the slider 210 moves to squeeze the elastic member 29 and stretch the elastic rope 212 to generate elastic force. The position of 27 is fixed, and then the thin plate is fixed to facilitate the welding process of the thin plate. Finally, during welding, the dust generated by welding is absorbed by the dust hood 32, and the suction pump 38 guides the smoke and dust into the duct 33, and the duct 33 guides the smoke and dust into the dispersing block In the fixing groove 371 of 37, the flue gas in the fixing groove 371 is dispersed by the dispersion groove 372 and then enters the water tank 31 to be mixed with the purification liquid, and the purified air is discharged from the exhaust port 35, which improves the environmental protection during welding.

The present invention has been generally described in detail above, but on the basis of the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modification or improvement without departing from the spirit of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets is characterized in that: the automatic welding method of the aluminum alloy sheet comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: cutting a thin plate;

step two: preprocessing a thin plate;

step three: welding the thin plate;

step four: and (5) detecting the welding quality.

2. The automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first step comprises the following steps: measuring the size to be cut on the thin plate by using a measuring ruler, marking the surface of the thin plate by using a marking pen, placing the thin plate on a cutting machine, cutting the thin plate by using the cutting machine, and cutting the thin plate into a specified length.

3. The automatic welding method of the aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second step comprises the following steps:

s1: placing the cut sheet on polishing equipment, starting the polishing equipment to polish the convex points on the surface of the sheet, and polishing and removing residues attached to the surface of the sheet;

s2: placing the polished sheet in a cleaning pool, pumping water by a water pump to spray the water on the surface of the sheet for cleaning, cleaning and removing impurities on the surface of the sheet by a brush during cleaning, draining the water in the cleaning pool after the first cleaning, cleaning the surface of the sheet for the second time, fishing out the sheet after cleaning, and standing for later use;

s3: and putting the cleaned sheet into drying equipment, starting the drying equipment to dry and evaporate the moisture on the surface of the sheet, controlling the drying temperature to be 40-50 ℃, and drying for 0.5h to ensure that the moisture on the surface of the sheet is completely removed.

4. The automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: the third step comprises the following steps: placing the dried thin plate on welding equipment, and starting the welding equipment to weld the thin plate, wherein the fourth step comprises the following steps of: and detecting the welding position of the welded sheet by using a welding detector, and ensuring that no cold joint occurs at the welding position, thereby obtaining a welding finished product.

5. The automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 4, wherein: the welding equipment comprises a welding machine body (1), a positioning mechanism (2) is arranged on the surface of a workbench of the welding machine body (1), and a dust removal mechanism (3) is arranged on the side surface of the welding machine body (1);

the positioning mechanism (2) comprises a positioning box (21), a guide rod (22) is arranged in an inner cavity of the positioning box (21), a sliding block (210) is connected to the surface of the guide rod (22) in a sliding mode, a transmission rod (211) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block (210), one end of the transmission rod (211) extends to the outside of the positioning box (21) and is fixedly connected with a clamping plate (23), a straight rod (28) is fixedly connected to the other side of the sliding block (210), and one end of the straight rod (28) extends to the outside of the positioning box (21) and is fixedly connected with a sleeve plate (27);

dust removal mechanism (3) include water tank (31), be provided with the scavenging solution in water tank (31), top surface one side fixedly connected with aspirator pump (38) of water tank (31), input fixedly connected with suction hood (32) of aspirator pump (38), the output fixedly connected with pipe (33) of aspirator pump (38), the bottom of pipe (33) extends to the inner chamber and the fixedly connected with piece (37) that disperses of water tank (31).

6. The automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 5, wherein: positioning mechanism (2) still include locating plate (26), one side fixedly connected with handle (25) of locating plate (26), the opposite side of locating plate (26) is provided with cardboard (24), draw-in groove (213) have been seted up to the side of lagging (27), cardboard (24) and draw-in groove (213) joint, the quantity of slider (210) is two, two be provided with elastic component (29) between slider (210), be provided with stretch cord (212) between the side of slider (210) and the inner chamber of location box (21).

7. The automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 5, wherein: the clamping plate (23) comprises a top plate (231), the top plate (231) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod (211), telescopic rods (233) are arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the top plate (231), a bottom plate (234) is arranged at the bottom end of each telescopic rod (233), elastic blocks (235) are arranged on the bottom surface of each bottom plate (234), elastic pieces (232) are arranged on the top surface of each bottom plate (234), and the top ends of the elastic pieces (232) are arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate (231).

8. The automatic weld welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 7, characterized in that: an upper pressing block (2351) is arranged on the top surface of an inner cavity of the elastic block (235), a lower pressing block (2354) is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the elastic block (235), an elastic ball (2352) is arranged between the upper pressing block (2351) and the lower pressing block (2354), and an anti-skid particle layer (2353) is arranged on the bottom surface of the elastic block (235).

9. The automatic welding method of aluminum alloy sheets according to claim 5, wherein: fixed slot (371) have been seted up on the inner chamber top of dispersion piece (37), fixed slot (371) are linked together with pipe (33), the bottom surface of fixed slot (371) is provided with dispersion groove (372), the left side bottom of water tank (31) is provided with blow off pipe (36), the opposite side of water tank (31) top surface is provided with water filling port (34), gas vent (35) have been seted up on the left side top of water tank (31).

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