CN114863785A - Chemical instrument cognitive experimental device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种化工仪表认知实验装置,包括主水箱和仪表面板,通过采用使用最新的智能无纸记录仪作为显示仪表,该仪表既具有信号的检测和显示功能,又具有控制和报警功能,可以实现多实验功能,而且该仪表采用先进的数字技术,其相应接口都是目前主流的形式,学生在实验过程中更能够直观理解现代生产过程中的自动控制技术。了解组态设置的基本概念和方法,学生能够自主进行仪表的设置,体会现场操作和维修人员的工作方法和思路,学习和掌握化工领域常用的压力、流量、物位和温度等物理量的测量仪表及使用方法,了解仪表校正的过程与步骤,了解仪表标定的步骤,了解热电偶测温中的补偿导线技术,了解超限报警的不同技术。
The invention provides a chemical instrument cognitive experiment device, including a main water tank and an instrument panel. By using the latest intelligent paperless recorder as a display instrument, the instrument not only has the functions of signal detection and display, but also has control and alarm functions It can realize multiple experimental functions, and the instrument adopts advanced digital technology, and its corresponding interface is the current mainstream form, students can intuitively understand the automatic control technology in the modern production process during the experiment. Understand the basic concepts and methods of configuration settings, students can independently set the instruments, experience the working methods and ideas of field operators and maintenance personnel, and learn and master the measurement instruments for physical quantities such as pressure, flow, level and temperature commonly used in the chemical industry And use methods, understand the process and steps of meter calibration, understand the steps of meter calibration, understand the compensation wire technology in thermocouple temperature measurement, understand the different technologies of over-limit alarm.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及实验设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种化工仪表认知实验装置。The invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, in particular to a cognitive experimental device for chemical instruments.
背景技术Background technique
自动化技术是当今举世瞩目的高技术之一,也是我国今后重点发展的一个高技术领域。化工自动化是化工、炼油、食品、轻工等化工类型生产过程自动化的简称。由于现代自动化技术的发展,在化工行业,生产工艺、设备、控制和管理已逐渐成为一个有机整体,因此全国各大高等院校化工专业普遍开设了化工仪表及自动化课程。而目前服务于该课程教学的实验仪器较为匮乏,现有的设备存在3个缺点和局限:1.偏重于自动控制过程的实验教学,而对于检测仪表和显示仪表的认知则体现较少,学生在进行实验过程中无法深入了解自动控制过程如何通过检测仪表的反馈而实现,而到了实际生产中则可能因为不了解检测仪表而无法正确选型和应用;2仪表认知实验的装置普遍只能实现一类物理量的测量和认知,而化工生产过程中,压力、流量、温度、物位等物理量均为重要的被测量,学生在实验过程中无法获得对化工仪表的宏观认识;3.现有的实验装置的原理多数基于模拟电子技术时代研发的设备,而近年来数字电子技术发展迅猛,模拟式仪表已经广泛被数字是仪表代替,而且现代仪表的功能更为全面和复杂,如果仍然沿用模拟式仪表进行实验教学,则很容易使学生所学与生产实际脱节,对其从事专业工作帮助有限。为解决上述问题,我们提供一种化工仪表认知实验装置。Automation technology is one of the high-tech technologies that attract worldwide attention, and it is also a high-tech field that my country will focus on developing in the future. Chemical automation is an abbreviation for the automation of production processes of chemical, oil refining, food, light industry and other chemical types. Due to the development of modern automation technology, in the chemical industry, production technology, equipment, control and management have gradually become an organic whole. Therefore, chemical instrumentation and automation courses are generally offered in chemical engineering majors in major colleges and universities across the country. At present, the experimental instruments serving the teaching of this course are relatively scarce, and the existing equipment has three shortcomings and limitations: 1. Emphasis on the experimental teaching of the automatic control process, while the cognition of the detection instruments and display instruments is less reflected; During the experiment, students cannot deeply understand how the automatic control process is realized through the feedback of the detection instrument, but in actual production, they may not be able to correctly select and apply the instrument because they do not understand the detection instrument; 2 The devices of the instrument cognitive experiment are generally only It can realize the measurement and cognition of a type of physical quantity. In the process of chemical production, physical quantities such as pressure, flow rate, temperature, and material level are all important measurands. Students cannot obtain a macro understanding of chemical instruments during the experiment; 3. The principles of the existing experimental devices are mostly based on the equipment developed in the era of analog electronic technology. In recent years, the rapid development of digital electronic technology, analog instruments have been widely replaced by digital instruments, and the functions of modern instruments are more comprehensive and complex. The use of analog instruments for experimental teaching will easily make the students' learning out of touch with the actual production, and provide limited help for them to engage in professional work. In order to solve the above problems, we provide a chemical instrument cognitive experimental device.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于,针对目前化工仪表认知实验装置使用时所存在的不足,提出了一种化工仪表认知实验装置。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a chemical instrument cognitive experiment device in view of the deficiencies existing in the use of the current chemical instrument cognition experiment device.
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明采用如下技术方案:In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种化工仪表认知实验装置,包括主水箱和仪表面板,所述主水箱的内部栓接有U型加热棒,所述主水箱的一侧栓接有玻璃管液位计,所述主水箱的一侧栓接有差压式液位计,所述主水箱的顶部安装有PT100铂电阻传感器,所述主水箱的顶部安装有K型热电偶,所述主水箱的顶部安装有E型热电偶,所述主水箱的一侧设置有辅助水箱,所述主水箱的顶部连通有第一连接管,所述第一连接管的内部安装有涡轮流量计,所述第一连接管的内部安装有转子流量计,所述第一连接管的内部安装有压力变送器,所述第一连接管的内部安装有电接点压力表,所述第一连接管的底部连通有第四连接管,所述第四连接管的另一端与辅助水箱连通,所述第一连接管的一端连通有增压泵,所述增压泵的一侧连通有第二连接管,所述第二连接管的另一端与主水箱连通,所述第二连接管的顶部连通有第三连接管,所述第三连接管的另一端与辅助水箱连通。A chemical instrument cognitive experiment device, comprising a main water tank and an instrument panel, a U-shaped heating rod is bolted on the inside of the main water tank, a glass tube liquid level gauge is bolted on one side of the main water tank, and the main water tank is A differential pressure liquid level gauge is bolted on one side of the main water tank, a PT100 platinum resistance sensor is installed on the top of the main water tank, a K-type thermocouple is installed on the top of the main water tank, and an E-type thermocouple is installed on the top of the main water tank. Even, one side of the main water tank is provided with an auxiliary water tank, the top of the main water tank is connected with a first connecting pipe, the inside of the first connecting pipe is installed with a turbine flowmeter, and the inside of the first connecting pipe is installed There is a rotameter, a pressure transmitter is installed inside the first connecting pipe, an electrical contact pressure gauge is installed inside the first connecting pipe, and a fourth connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the first connecting pipe, The other end of the fourth connecting pipe is communicated with the auxiliary water tank, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with a booster pump, one side of the booster pump is communicated with a second connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is connected to the second connecting pipe. The other end is communicated with the main water tank, the top of the second connection pipe is communicated with a third connection pipe, and the other end of the third connection pipe is communicated with the auxiliary water tank.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有频率表,所述频率表的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, a frequency meter is provided on the front of the instrument panel, and the back of the frequency meter is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有无纸记录仪,所述无纸记录仪的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, the front of the instrument panel is provided with a paperless recorder, and the back of the paperless recorder is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有接线插头,所述接线插头的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, the front of the instrument panel is provided with a wiring plug, and the back of the wiring plug is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有24V电源,所述24V电源的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, the front of the instrument panel is provided with a 24V power supply, and the back of the 24V power supply is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有报警接点,所述报警接点的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, the front of the instrument panel is provided with an alarm contact, and the back of the alarm contact is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有声光报警器,所述声光报警器的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, a sound and light alarm is provided on the front of the instrument panel, and the back of the sound and light alarm is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有记录仪按钮,所述记录仪按钮的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, the front of the instrument panel is provided with a recorder button, and the back of the recorder button is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面设置有总开关按钮,所述记录仪按钮的背面与仪表面板安装。Optionally, the front of the instrument panel is provided with a master switch button, and the back of the recorder button is installed with the instrument panel.
可选的,所述仪表面板的正面安装有水泵按钮,所述仪表面板的正面安装有加热按钮。Optionally, a water pump button is installed on the front of the instrument panel, and a heating button is installed on the front of the instrument panel.
本发明所取得的有益效果是:The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are:
1.通过采用使用最新的智能无纸记录仪作为显示仪表,该仪表既具有信号的检测和显示功能,又具有控制和报警功能,可以实现多实验功能,而且该仪表采用先进的数字技术,其相应接口都是目前主流的形式,学生在实验过程中更能够直观理解现代生产过程中的自动控制技术;1. By using the latest intelligent paperless recorder as a display instrument, the instrument not only has the functions of signal detection and display, but also has control and alarm functions, and can realize multi-experiment functions, and the instrument adopts advanced digital technology. The corresponding interface is the current mainstream form, and students can intuitively understand the automatic control technology in the modern production process during the experiment;
2.了解组态设置的基本概念和方法,学生能够自主进行仪表的设置,体会现场操作和维修人员的工作方法和思路;2. Understand the basic concepts and methods of configuration settings, students can set up the instrument independently, and experience the working methods and ideas of on-site operation and maintenance personnel;
3.学习和掌握化工领域常用的压力、流量、物位和温度等物理量的测量仪表及使用方法,了解仪表校正的过程与步骤,了解仪表标定的步骤,了解热电偶测温中的补偿导线技术,了解超限报警的不同技术;3. Learn and master the measurement instruments and usage methods of physical quantities such as pressure, flow rate, level and temperature commonly used in the chemical industry, understand the process and steps of instrument calibration, understand the steps of instrument calibration, and understand the compensation wire technology in thermocouple temperature measurement , to understand the different technologies of overrun alarm;
4.能够使用智能仪表、检测仪表和执行单元构成闭环控制系统,了解经典PID控制的基本原理,直观感受比例、积分和微分控制的优劣和具体应用中应采取的策略。4. Able to use intelligent instruments, detection instruments and execution units to form a closed-loop control system, understand the basic principles of classic PID control, intuitively feel the advantages and disadvantages of proportional, integral and differential control and the strategies that should be adopted in specific applications.
附图说明Description of drawings
从以下结合附图的描述可以进一步理解本发明。图中的部件不一定按比例绘制,而是将重点放在示出实施例的原理上。在不同的视图中,相同的附图标记指定对应的部分。The present invention can be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
图1为本发明结构正视图;Fig. 1 is the front view of the structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明结构正视图。Figure 2 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.
附图标号说明:1-电接点压力表;2-压力变送器;3-转子流量计;4-涡轮流量计;5-PT100铂电阻传感器;6-K型热电偶;7-E型热电偶;8-玻璃管液位计;9-差压式液位计;10-U型加热棒;11-增压泵;12-辅助水箱;13-主水箱;14-第一连接管;15-第二连接管;16-第三连接管;17-第四连接管;18-仪表面板;19-频率表;20-无纸记录仪;21-接线插头;22-24V电源;23-报警接点;24-声光报警器;25-记录仪按钮;26-总开关按钮;27-水泵按钮;28-加热按钮。Description of reference symbols: 1-electric contact pressure gauge; 2-pressure transmitter; 3-rotameter; 4-turbine flowmeter; 5-PT100 platinum resistance sensor; 6-K thermocouple; 7-E thermocouple Couple; 8-glass tube level gauge; 9-differential pressure level gauge; 10-U type heating rod; 11-booster pump; 12-auxiliary water tank; 13-main water tank; 14-first connecting pipe; 15 -Second connection pipe; 16-Third connection pipe; 17-Fourth connection pipe; 18-Instrument panel; 19-Frequency meter; 20-Paperless recorder; 21-Connection plug; Contact; 24- sound and light alarm; 25- recorder button; 26- master switch button; 27- water pump button; 28- heating button.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使得本发明的目的.技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合其实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明;应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。对于本领域技术人员而言,在查阅以下详细描述之后,本实施例的其它系统.方法和/或特征将变得显而易见。旨在所有此类附加的系统.方法.特征和优点都包括在本说明书内.包括在本发明的范围内,并且受所附权利要求书的保护。在以下详细描述描述了所公开的实施例的另外的特征,并且这些特征根据以下将详细描述将是显而易见的。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with its embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. invention. Other systems, methods and/or features of the present embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in the following detailed description and will be apparent from the following detailed description.
本发明实施例的附图中相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件;在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,若有术语“上”.“下”.“左”.“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或组件必须具有特定的方位.以特定的方位构造和操作,因此附图中描述位置关系的用语仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本专利的限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left” and “right” are used The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or component must have a specific orientation. Orientation structure and operation, so the terms describing the positional relationship in the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary illustration, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present patent. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
实施例一:一种化工仪表认知实验装置,包括主水箱13和仪表面板18,主水箱13的内部栓接有U型加热棒10,主水箱13的一侧栓接有玻璃管液位计8,主水箱13的一侧栓接有差压式液位计9,主水箱13的顶部安装有PT100铂电阻传感器5,主水箱13的顶部安装有K型热电偶6,主水箱13的顶部安装有E型热电偶7,主水箱13的一侧设置有辅助水箱12,主水箱13的顶部连通有第一连接管14,第一连接管14的内部安装有涡轮流量计4,第一连接管14的内部安装有转子流量计3,第一连接管14的内部安装有压力变送器2,第一连接管14的内部安装有电接点压力表1,第一连接管14的底部连通有第四连接管17,第四连接管17的另一端与辅助水箱12连通,第一连接管14的一端连通有增压泵11,增压泵11的一侧连通有第二连接管15,第二连接管15的另一端与主水箱13连通,第二连接管15的顶部连通有第三连接管16,第三连接管16的另一端与辅助水箱12连通。Embodiment 1: A chemical instrument cognitive experiment device, including a
仪表面板18的正面设置有频率表19,频率表19的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有无纸记录仪20,无纸记录仪20的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有接线插头21,接线插头21的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有24V电源22,24V电源22的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有报警接点23,报警接点23的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有声光报警器24,声光报警器24的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有记录仪按钮25,记录仪按钮25的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面设置有总开关按钮26,记录仪按钮25的背面与仪表面板18安装。仪表面板18的正面安装有水泵按钮27,仪表面板18的正面安装有加热按钮28。The
实施例二:本实施例应当理解为至少包含前述任一一个实施例的全部特征,并在其基础上进一步改进,具体的,提供一种化工仪表认知实验装置,包括主水箱13和仪表面板18,主水箱13的内部栓接有U型加热棒10,主水箱13的一侧栓接有玻璃管液位计8,主水箱13的一侧栓接有差压式液位计9,主水箱13的顶部安装有PT100铂电阻传感器5,主水箱13的顶部安装有K型热电偶6,主水箱13的顶部安装有E型热电偶7,主水箱13的一侧设置有辅助水箱12,主水箱13的顶部连通有第一连接管14,第一连接管14的内部安装有涡轮流量计4,第一连接管14的内部安装有转子流量计3,第一连接管14的内部安装有压力变送器2,第一连接管14的内部安装有电接点压力表1,第一连接管14的底部连通有第四连接管17,第四连接管17的另一端与辅助水箱12连通,第一连接管14的一端连通有增压泵11,增压泵11的一侧连通有第二连接管15,第二连接管15的另一端与主水箱13连通,第二连接管15的顶部连通有第三连接管16,第三连接管16的另一端与辅助水箱12连通。具体的,该装置配备两个水槽,分一主一辅。其中主水箱13预先可注入1/3-1/2左右的水,结合增压泵11实现压力和流量仪表的认知和相关实验;主水箱13中还有U型加热棒10,结合热电阻温度计及无纸记录仪20的PID输出端口实现温度控制功能,从而进行热电偶和热电阻的认知和相关实验。辅助水箱12可以通过阀门的开闭和调节,实现对主水箱13液位的调节,从而完成液位仪表认知及相关实验。装置中还通过电接点压力表1,液位感应开关及无纸记录仪20三种仪表分别实现报警功能。该装置仪表面板18,主要分三块区域,左上部分为显示仪表区域,分别布置频率表19和无纸记录仪20。左下部分为接线区域,该区域预先安装U型接线端子插座,可以方便学生进行仪表接线,该区域丝印基本接线图,可辅助学生结合实验讲义进行自主连线;同时该区域设有24V电源22区域,方便有源仪表的所需电源连接;该区域设置一组报警接点23,可以进行电接点压力表1和液位开关的报警功能实验,此外报警器也并联了无纸记录仪20的报警继电器输出接点,可以通过无纸记录仪20的组态设置报警功能。右上方区域为开关区域,布置相关设备的开关。Embodiment 2: This embodiment should be understood to include at least all the features of any one of the foregoing embodiments, and further improve on the basis thereof. Specifically, a chemical instrument cognitive experiment device is provided, including a
该装置可进行的实验内容如下:The experimental contents that can be carried out by this device are as follows:
1.学习智能型无纸记录仪的使用与信号记录1. Learn the use and signal recording of intelligent paperless recorders
掌握组态设置方法,能够自主设置相应组态进行仪表数据记录、设备控制及数据拷贝。Master the configuration setting method, and be able to independently set the corresponding configuration for instrument data recording, equipment control and data copying.
2.弹簧管压力表及压力变送器的使用2. The use of spring tube pressure gauge and pressure transmitter
(1)掌握输出标准信号(4-20mA电流信号)的压力变送器的接线方法以及在无纸记录仪上的组态设置方法,实验开始前仪表引线皆未连接仪表,通过讲义和教材的学习,在面板上找到正确的端口进行仪表连接,并在显示仪表上正确设置信号输入的类型、量程、单位等组态,实现无纸记录仪自动记录压力值;(1) Master the wiring method of the pressure transmitter that outputs the standard signal (4-20mA current signal) and the configuration setting method on the paperless recorder. The instrument leads are not connected to the instrument before the start of the experiment. Learning, find the correct port on the panel to connect the instrument, and correctly set the type, range, unit and other configurations of the signal input on the display instrument, so as to realize the automatic recording of the pressure value by the paperless recorder;
(2)学习仪表的调零和调量程方法,分别使用调零和调量程电位器,以及无纸记录仪的零点修正功能对仪表进行校正。调节管路阀门改变管道内压力,分别测量5个压力点下压力变送器的输出显示(以电接点压力表为基准),判断零点是否发生迁移以及量程是否需要调整,并通过调零和调量程电位器对其进行校正;(2) Learn how to adjust the zero and range of the instrument, and use the zero and range potentiometers, as well as the zero correction function of the paperless recorder, to calibrate the instrument. Adjust the pipeline valve to change the pressure in the pipeline, measure the output display of the pressure transmitter at 5 pressure points (based on the electric contact pressure gauge), judge whether the zero point has shifted and whether the range needs to be adjusted, and through the zero adjustment and adjustment Range potentiometer to correct it;
(3)掌握电接点压力表的上下限报警方法及调节方法,能够调节两个不同压力范围能够用电接点压力表实现系统超出压力范围时的声光报警;(3) Master the upper and lower limit alarm methods and adjustment methods of the electric contact pressure gauge, can adjust two different pressure ranges, and can use the electric contact pressure gauge to realize the sound and light alarm when the system exceeds the pressure range;
3.转子流量计及涡轮流量计的使用3. Use of rotameter and turbine flowmeter
(1)掌握转子流量计的原理和使用方法,正确读取管道内流量;(1) Master the principle and usage of the rotameter, and read the flow in the pipeline correctly;
(2)了解涡轮流量计的测量原理,通过实验测定涡轮流量计的转速-流量曲线(以转子流量计的流量示数为基准),得出仪表的流量系数。(2) Understand the measurement principle of the turbine flowmeter, and determine the speed-flow curve of the turbine flowmeter through experiments (based on the flow indication of the rotor flowmeter), and obtain the flow coefficient of the meter.
4.差压式液位传感器的使用4. The use of differential pressure liquid level sensor
(1)掌握差压式液位传感器的使用方法(采用1-5V信号输出),比较其与4-20mA压力变送器的接线区别,掌握二线制和三线制仪表在接线时的异同并观察迁移发生的情况以及对应的电信号的变化,通过对零点进行正确地迁移得到正确的液位值。(1) Master the use of the differential pressure liquid level sensor (using 1-5V signal output), compare the wiring difference between it and the 4-20mA pressure transmitter, master the similarities and differences between the two-wire and three-wire instruments in the wiring and observe The situation of the migration and the corresponding change of the electrical signal, the correct liquid level value can be obtained by correctly migrating the zero point.
5.热电偶及热电阻的使用及PID控制5. Use of thermocouple and thermal resistance and PID control
(1)正确地将热电偶(K型、E型)与热电阻和无纸记录仪进行连接,并读取温度值,比较三种温度传感器的测温特点;(1) Correctly connect the thermocouple (K type, E type) with the thermal resistance and the paperless recorder, read the temperature value, and compare the temperature measurement characteristics of the three temperature sensors;
(2)了解热电偶补偿导线的作用和特点;(2) Understand the function and characteristics of thermocouple compensation wires;
(3)掌握无纸记录仪的PID控制功能的使用方法,分别调节比例系数、积分时间和微分时间这三个参量,进一步理解比例、积分、微分三种控制作用对于控制系统的影响。(3) Master the use of the PID control function of the paperless recorder, adjust the three parameters of proportional coefficient, integral time and differential time respectively, and further understand the influence of proportional, integral and differential control functions on the control system.
(4)掌握仪表PID参数自整定功能的使用,比较整定前后系统温度的变化情况。(4) Master the use of the self-tuning function of the PID parameters of the instrument, and compare the changes of the system temperature before and after the tuning.
仪表面板18的正面设置有频率表19,频率表19的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置频率表19,能够方便使用者进行观察。The
仪表面板18的正面设置有无纸记录仪20,无纸记录仪20的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置无纸记录仪20,能够方便使用者进行观察。The
仪表面板18的正面设置有接线插头21,接线插头21的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置接线插头21,能够方便使用者进行插接。The front surface of the
仪表面板18的正面设置有24V电源22,24V电源22的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置24V电源22,能够方便使用者进行连接。A
仪表面板18的正面设置有报警接点23,报警接点23的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置报警接点23,能够方便使用者进行连接。The front of the
仪表面板18的正面设置有声光报警器24,声光报警器24的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置声光报警器24,能够有效进行声光报警。The front of the
仪表面板18的正面设置有记录仪按钮25,记录仪按钮25的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置记录仪按钮25,能够方便控制记录仪。A
仪表面板18的正面设置有总开关按钮26,记录仪按钮25的背面与仪表面板18安装。具体的,通过设置总开关按钮26,能够有效对该装置进行控制。The front of the
仪表面板18的正面安装有水泵按钮27,仪表面板18的正面安装有加热按钮28。具体的,通过设置水泵按钮27,能够方便启动水泵。A
综上,该装置配备两个水槽,分一主一辅。其中主水箱13预先可注入1/3-1/2左右的水,结合增压泵11实现压力和流量仪表的认知和相关实验;主水箱13中还有U型加热棒10,结合热电阻温度计及无纸记录仪20的PID输出端口实现温度控制功能,从而进行热电偶和热电阻的认知和相关实验。辅助水箱12可以通过阀门的开闭和调节,实现对主水箱13液位的调节,从而完成液位仪表认知及相关实验。装置中还通过电接点压力表1,液位感应开关及无纸记录仪20三种仪表分别实现报警功能。该装置仪表面板18,主要分三块区域,左上部分为显示仪表区域,分别布置频率表19和无纸记录仪20。左下部分为接线区域,该区域预先安装U型接线端子插座,可以方便学生进行仪表接线,该区域丝印基本接线图,可辅助学生结合实验讲义进行自主连线;同时该区域设有24V电源22区域,方便有源仪表的所需电源连接;该区域设置一组报警接点23,可以进行电接点压力表1和液位开关的报警功能实验,此外报警器也并联了无纸记录仪20的报警继电器输出接点,可以通过无纸记录仪20的组态设置报警功能。右上方区域为开关区域,布置相关设备的开关。To sum up, the device is equipped with two sinks, one main and one auxiliary. Among them, the
虽然上面已经参考各种实施例描述了本发明,但是应当理解,在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,可以进行许多改变和修改。也就是说上面讨论的方法,系统和设备是示例。各种配置可以适当地省略,替换或添加各种过程或组件。例如,在替代配置中,可以以与所描述的顺序不同的顺序执行方法,和/或可以添加,省略和/或组合各种部件。而且,关于某些配置描述的特征可以以各种其他配置组合,如可以以类似的方式组合配置的不同方面和元素。此外,随着技术发展其中的元素可以更新,即许多元素是示例,并不限制本公开或权利要求的范围。While the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That said, the methods, systems and apparatus discussed above are examples. Various configurations may omit, substitute or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, in alternative configurations, the methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and/or various components may be added, omitted, and/or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations, eg, different aspects and elements of the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, elements therein may be updated as technology develops, ie, many of the elements are examples and do not limit the scope of the disclosure or the claims.
在说明书中给出了具体细节以提供对包括实现的示例性配置的透彻理解。然而,可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践配置例如,已经示出了众所周知的电路,过程,算法,结构和技术而没有不必要的细节,以避免模糊配置。该描述仅提供示例配置,并且不限制权利要求的范围,适用性或配置。相反,前面对配置的描述将为本领域技术人员提供用于实现所描述的技术的使能描述。在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下,可以对元件的功能和布置进行各种改变。Specific details are given in the description to provide a thorough understanding of example configurations, including implementations. However, configurations may be practiced without these specific details. For example, well-known circuits, procedures, algorithms, structures and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the configurations. This description provides example configurations only, and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing descriptions of configurations will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.
综上,其旨在上述详细描述被认为是例示性的而非限制性的,并且应当理解,以上这些实施例应理解为仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。在阅读了本发明的记载的内容之后,技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等效变化和修饰同样落入本发明权利要求所限定的范围。In conclusion, it is intended that the above detailed description is to be considered as illustrative rather than restrictive, and it should be understood that these embodiments above should be understood to be merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. After reading the contents of the description of the present invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
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