CN114859577A - Self-adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging - Google Patents
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on thermo-optic effects
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- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
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- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/18—Function characteristic adaptive optics, e.g. wavefront correction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging, which comprises a light source component, a phase modulation component and a monitoring component, wherein the light source component, the phase modulation component and the monitoring component are arranged along a light path; wherein the light source assembly generates a first light beam; inputting the first light beam into an optical phased array to perform phase regulation and control firstly, enabling the phase regulation and control light beam to enter a cavity platform to perform envelope shaping so as to obtain a second light beam, performing the phase regulation and envelope shaping processes on a cladding provided with a reflector all the time so as to keep the intensity of the light beam, and inputting the second light beam into a first lens; the monitoring component is used for collecting light beams emitted by the phase modulation component to a sample sequentially through the beam splitter and the objective lens, back scattering light of the sample is transmitted sequentially through the objective lens and the second lens and then received by the complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera for imaging, and the optical phased array is adaptive and phased based on an imaging result to correct the system and obtain final biological tissue imaging. The system has the advantages of high modulation speed, simple system and good imaging effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical correction, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging.
Background
The adaptive optical correction technology was first proposed in astronomical observation, in which optical distortion occurs during the process of light from the universe passing through the atmosphere due to atmospheric turbulence and the like before the light is detected by an optical astronomical telescope, and the observation result is affected.
In the field of optical microscopy imaging, the principle of an aberration measurement and correction method based on an adaptive optics technology is as follows: the wavefront distortion of an incident wave surface caused by various factors is obtained by a direct (wavefront sensor) or indirect measurement method, and then the distortion is compensated by a wavefront corrector (such as a deformable mirror, a spatial light modulator and the like), so that the optical imaging effect is recovered.
With the development of silicon-based optoelectronic technology, the concept of Optical Phased Array (OPA) comes from the traditional microwave Phased Array, but has obvious advantages compared with the microwave Phased Array.
In biomedical research, laser scanning microscopy imaging techniques can obtain high resolution image information of biological tissues. However, when imaging deep inside a biological tissue, optical aberration is often generated during imaging due to the non-uniformity of refractive index distribution of the biological tissue, production accuracy errors of optical components, refractive index mismatch between media, and the like. These aberrations cause wavefront aberrations that severely affect the focusing effect of incident light deep in biological tissue. With the increase of the depth, optical aberration is accumulated continuously, the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of an image are reduced, the imaging quality is reduced rapidly, and the effective imaging depth of the laser scanning microscope is limited greatly. In view of this phenomenon, researchers have proposed various methods to overcome the influence of optical scattering in the imaging process, wherein the adaptive optics technique has a good effect and is a common aberration correction method at present.
In recent years, biomedical imaging requirements are continuously improved, but scattering problems in biological tissue imaging are serious, and good light spots cannot be focused, so that an adaptive optical correction technology is introduced into a fluorescence microscope system to compensate wavefront distortion caused by biological tissues and the microscope imaging system, improve image quality (such as resolution, contrast, signal-to-noise ratio and the like), and contribute to imaging and stimulation of deep biological tissues.
In the current common fluorescence microscope system based on the adaptive optical correction technology, a deformable mirror, a spatial light modulator and the like are often used as correction devices, but when the devices are adopted, the system is quite complex, the phase modulation speed is low, the fastest phase modulation speed is in millisecond level, and the application effect on biological tissue imaging is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging, which has the advantages of high modulation speed, simple system and good imaging effect.
An adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging comprises a light source component, a phase modulation component and a monitoring component which are arranged along a light path; wherein,
the light source assembly comprises a laser to generate a first light beam;
the phase modulation assembly comprises an optical phased array and a first lens, the optical phased array comprises a cladding provided with a reflector and a cavity platform, the first light beam is input to the optical phased array to be subjected to phase control firstly, the phase control light beam enters the cavity platform to be subjected to envelope shaping to obtain a second light beam, the phase control and envelope shaping processes are always performed on the cladding provided with the reflector to keep the intensity of the light beam, and the second light beam is input to the first lens to expand the scanning range of the second light beam;
the monitoring assembly comprises a beam splitter, an objective lens, a second lens, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera and a control unit, wherein light beams emitted by the phase modulation assembly are sequentially gathered to a sample through the beam splitter and the objective lens, back scattered light of the sample is transmitted through the objective lens and the second lens and then received by the complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera for imaging, and the control unit carries out self-adaptive phase-matching on the optical phased array based on an imaging result so as to correct the system and obtain final biological tissue imaging.
The optical phased array is located at a focal position of the first lens.
The optical phased array is a system on chip, and also comprises an optical coupler, an optical beam splitter, an optical waveguide array, an integrated electronic control system and an optical transmitter array;
the optical coupler couples the first light beam, the coupled light beam is split by the optical splitter and enters the optical waveguide array, the phase of the light beam in the optical waveguide array is regulated and controlled by the electro-optic effect or thermo-optic effect of the integrated electric control system, and the phase regulated and controlled light beam is emitted to the cavity platform through the optical emitter array to be enveloped and shaped to obtain a second light beam.
The integrated electric control system is connected with external voltage to inject carriers into the optical waveguide array, so that the phase of the light beam is regulated and controlled through an electro-optic effect.
The integrated electric control system is connected with external voltage and transfers heat to the optical waveguide array through the voltage heating resistor, so that the phase of the light beam is regulated and controlled through the thermo-optical effect.
A mirror is inserted into the cladding layer, the mirror including a mirror of Au material or a mirror of Ag material.
The optical phased array material comprises a silicon material, a silicon nitride material or a lithium niobate material.
Each element can take various forms, including but not limited to optical couplers including end-face couplers, grating couplers, optical splitters such as multimode interferometers (MMIs), Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) or Y-branches, optical waveguide arrays including straight waveguide arrays, curved waveguide arrays, and optical transmitter arrays including end-face coupler arrays, grating coupler arrays. The optical phased array can form a one-dimensional structure or a two-dimensional structure through combination of unit devices, and can be made of silicon materials, silicon nitride materials or lithium niobate materials.
The adaptive phasing algorithm includes a parallel adaptive optical correction algorithm, an iterative adaptive optical correction algorithm, a pupil division algorithm, or a pattern matching algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the optical phased array of the system on chip replaces a spatial light modulator and a variable mirror in the prior art for phase correction, so that the optical system is simpler in structure, the modulation speed is increased from millisecond level to microsecond level or even nanosecond level, and the insertion loss and the transmission loss of light beams are reduced in the process of adjusting the light beam phases by adding the reflector in the cladding of the optical phased array, so that the optical phased array can be better applied to biological tissue imaging.
(2) The cavity platform is added in the optical phased array to carry out envelope shaping on the input light beam with the adjusted phase, so that the emergent light has higher intensity and a larger scanning range, and then the scanning range of all the emergent light is increased through the lens to obtain a better imaging effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical phased array provided in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the cavity platform and mirror positions provided by an embodiment;
the device comprises a laser 1, a laser 2, an optical phased array 3, first lenses L1 and 4, beam splitters 5, a light stop 6, second lenses L2 and 7, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera 8, an objective lens 9, a sample 10, a control unit 21, an optical coupler 22, an optical beam splitter 23, an optical waveguide array 24, an integrated electronic control system 25, an optical transmitter array 26 and a cavity platform.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a self-adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging, which comprises a light source component, a phase modulation component and a monitoring component, wherein the light source component, the phase modulation component and the monitoring component are arranged along a light path; the light source assembly comprises a laser 1 to generate a first light beam, and the central wavelength emitted by the laser 1 is 530 nm;
the phase modulation assembly comprises an optical phased array 2 and a first lens 3, as shown in fig. 2, the optical phased array 2 comprises an optical coupler 21, an optical beam splitter 22, an optical waveguide array 23, an integrated electronic control system 24, an optical transmitter array 25, a cladding layer provided with a reflector and a cavity platform 26;
the optical coupler 21 couples the first light beam to the chip, the coupled light beam is split by the optical splitter 22 in proportion and enters the optical waveguide array, the phase of the light beam in the optical waveguide array is controlled by the electro-optic effect or thermo-optic effect of the integrated electronic control system 24, as shown in fig. 3, the phase-controlled light beam is emitted and enters the cavity platform 26, the cavity platform 26 is a cavity without any special structure, the light is reflected and interfered for many times in the cavity platform 26, so as to shape the light beam, the envelope is adjusted, so as to improve the intensity and scanning range of the phase-controlled light beam and further obtain the second light beam, the phase control and envelope shaping process of the light beam is always carried out on the Si guide layer on the cladding layer provided with the reflector, the insertion loss and transmission loss of the light beam are reduced by the cladding layer provided with the reflector, so that the light beam keeps intensity, and the intensity loss of the light beam is avoided, the light emitter array 25 inputs the second light beam to the first lens 3, and the scanning range of the continuously input light beam is expanded by the first lens 3.
The integrated electric control system is connected with external voltage to inject carriers into the optical waveguide array, so that the phase of a light beam is regulated and controlled through an electro-optic effect; or the integrated electric control system is connected with external voltage and transfers heat to the optical waveguide array through the voltage heating resistor, so that the phase of the light beam is regulated and controlled through the thermo-optical effect.
The monitoring assembly comprises a beam splitter 4, a light shield 5, a second lens 6, an objective lens 8 and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera 7, wherein light beams emitted by the first lens 3 sequentially pass through the beam splitter 4 and the objective lens 8 and are gathered to a sample 9, backscattered light of the sample sequentially passes through the objective lens 8 and the second lens 6 and is received by the complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera 7 for imaging, and a control unit 10 performs adaptive phase adjustment on the optical phased array 2 based on a parallel adaptive optical correction algorithm, an iterative adaptive optical correction algorithm, a pupil segmentation algorithm or a pattern matching algorithm adopted by an imaging result to correct the system and obtain final biological tissue imaging. And the axial spatial position of the optical phased array 2 is conjugated with the sample 9, and finally, the self-adaptive correction of light and the monitoring of focal spot quality are realized.
In order to achieve better adaptive correction effect and focal spot quality of light, the optical phased array 2 selected in this example is a two-dimensional 128 × 128 structure. The optical coupler 21 adopts a grating coupler to facilitate the input light to be coupled into the chip at multiple angles; MMI is used as the optical splitter 22 to reduce losses; the output end of the MMI is connected with a straight waveguide and then connected with a bent waveguide to form an optical waveguide array 23; the curved waveguides are connected according to appropriate angles and lengths as an end-face coupler array for the light emitter array 25; the integrated electronic control system 24 is connected to the upper surface of the straight waveguide in the optical waveguide array 23 through metal, and heat is transferred to the straight waveguide through a heating resistor, so that the optical phase is changed; the end-face coupler array is connected into the cavity platform 26 to shape the envelope of the light beam, and the output light is guaranteed to have high intensity in a large turning range.
In this example, The focal length of The first lens 3 (L1) is 100 mm, The focal length of The first lens 6 (L2) is 150 mm, The 50:50 beam splitter is used as The beam splitter 4, The parameters of The CMOS camera 7 are DMK 23UV024, 640X 480 (0.3 MP) Y800@115 fps, The imaging source, and The model of The objective lens 8 is Olympus, 20X/1.0 NA. Thus constituting the entire system of the present example.
The phase adjustment algorithm employed in this example is a Coherent Optical Adaptive Technology (COAT) algorithm, which is applied in a fluorescence microscope imaging system to correct for light distortions in biological tissue. The method mainly comprises two steps: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, after receiving an imaging result, a control unit ensures that half of phase modulation units corresponding to the imaging result are unchanged in phase, correspond to reference light and do not perform modulation; the phase of the other half of the correction phase units changes from 0 to 2 pi, meanwhile, the light intensity of the focal area transformed along with time is collected by a detector to form a feedback signal, the correction phase value corresponding to the modulated correction phase units is calculated after Fourier transform, the phase is adjusted by loading voltage to the integrated electronic control system 24, and a new imaging result is formed from the complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera. The second step, keeping the phase of the correction phase unit modulated in the first step constant, and forming new reference light corresponding to the imaging result; the other half of the uncorrected phase cells in the first step are modulated in the same corrected manner as in the first step. After two steps, the whole corrected phase distribution graph can be obtained, and after the steps are repeated for 2-3 times, a more accurate result can be obtained.
Sample 9's gross thickness is 600 um altogether, and wherein simulation tissue section is 560 um, and the section of mouse brain is 40 um, utilizes metal mold gasket with the section of mouse brain to place the bottom in, the section of simulation tissue is placed the top to wholly glue on the rectangle microscope cover glass that thickness is 160 um, finally use transparent nail polish to carry out whole encapsulation.
Thus, the adaptive optical correction system is completed.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some of the features described in the embodiments and/or modifications thereof can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging is characterized by comprising a light source component, a phase modulation component and a monitoring component which are arranged along an optical path; wherein,
the light source assembly comprises a laser to generate a first light beam;
the phase modulation assembly comprises an optical phased array and a first lens, the optical phased array comprises a cladding provided with a reflector and a cavity platform, the first light beam is input to the optical phased array to be subjected to phase control firstly, the phase control light beam enters the cavity platform to be subjected to envelope shaping to obtain a second light beam, the phase control and envelope shaping processes are always performed on the cladding provided with the reflector to keep the intensity of the light beam, and the second light beam is input to the first lens to expand the scanning range of the second light beam;
the monitoring assembly comprises a beam splitter, an objective lens, a second lens, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera and a control unit, wherein light beams emitted by the phase modulation assembly are gathered to a sample sequentially through the beam splitter and the objective lens, back scattering light of the sample is transmitted sequentially through the objective lens and the second lens and then received in the complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera for imaging, and the control unit carries out self-adaptive phase modulation on the optical phased array based on an imaging result so as to correct the system and obtain final biological tissue imaging.
2. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging according to claim 1, wherein the optical phased array is located at a focal position of the first lens.
3. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging of claim 1, wherein the optical phased array is a system on a chip, further comprising an optical coupler, an optical beam splitter, an optical waveguide array, an integrated electronic control system and an optical transmitter array;
the optical coupler couples the first light beam, the coupled light beam is split by the optical splitter and enters the optical waveguide array, the phase of the light beam in the optical waveguide array is regulated and controlled by the electro-optic effect or thermo-optic effect of the integrated electric control system, and the phase regulated and controlled light beam is emitted to the cavity platform through the optical emitter array to be enveloped and shaped to obtain a second light beam.
4. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging of claim 3, wherein the optical coupler is an end-face coupler or a grating coupler, the optical splitter is a multimode interferometer, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or a Y-branch, the optical waveguide array is a straight waveguide array or a curved waveguide array, and the optical emitter array is an end-face coupler array or a grating coupler array.
5. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging according to claim 3, wherein the integrated electronic control system is connected with an external voltage to inject carriers into the optical waveguide array, so that the phase of the light beam is regulated and controlled through an electro-optical effect.
6. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging according to claim 3, wherein the integrated electronic control system is connected with an external voltage to heat the light guide array through a voltage heating resistor, so that the phase of the light beam is regulated and controlled through a thermo-optic effect.
7. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging of claim 1, wherein a mirror is inserted into the cladding layer, the mirror comprising a Au material mirror or a Ag material mirror.
8. The adaptive optical correction system based on biological tissue imaging according to claim 1, wherein the optical phased array material comprises a silicon material, a silicon nitride material, or a lithium niobate material.
9. The biological tissue imaging-based adaptive optical correction system according to claim 1, wherein the algorithm employed by the control unit comprises a parallel adaptive optical correction algorithm, an iterative adaptive optical correction algorithm, a pupil division algorithm, or a pattern matching algorithm.
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