CN114853741B - Preparation method of novel coronavirus main protease inhibitor - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel coronavirus main protease inhibitor S-217622, which comprises the following steps: the target compound S-217622 is prepared from 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole and 2,4, 5-trifluoro-phenyl methyl amine serving as raw materials through condensation reaction, ammonification reaction, acylation reaction and cyclization reaction in sequence. The preparation method has simple process, mild condition, safety and environmental protection, and provides a new way for the industrialized production of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis route design, raw material medicines and intermediate preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a novel coronavirus main protease inhibitor S-217622.
Background
S-217622 is a novel oral medicament for treating coronary disease developed by Japanese salt field company, and has the effects of inhibiting novel coronavirus main protease 3CLpro with high efficiency and resisting viruses. Preclinical experiments show that S-217622 has stronger effect on the activity of 3CLpro in vitro and IC 50 The value was 0.013. Mu.M, EC 50 The value was 0.37. Mu.M. Animal experiments have shown that S-217622 has high absorption and low clearance when administered orally in rats, monkeys and dogs, and has half-lives of about 10 and 30 hours in monkeys and dogs, respectively. Meanwhile, in vitro experiments also prove that S-217622 has stronger antiviral activity on a plurality of novel coronavirus variants and EC against the Omikovia variant 50 The value was about 0.29. Mu.M, no significant decrease occurred. At present, the medicine has completed clinical test in IIb stage, and based on the clinical test result, salt field company has applied for production and marketing permission to Japanese Zhuangsheng Kongku province.
S-217622 (I) has the chemical name: (6E) -6- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazol-5-yl) imino ] dihydro-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl ] -1- [ (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H) -dione having the structural formula:
analysis of the molecular structure composition of S-217622 revealed that the compound consisted of a "triazine" core and three "side chains" of "indazolyl", "triazolyl" and "trifluorobenzyl".
Based on the above analysis, a synthetic route for S-217622 is disclosed in the research literature of salt field company, "Discovery of S-217622, a No-Covalent Oral SARS-CoV-2 3CL Protease Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for Treating COVID-19" (bioRxiv, post January 26,2022), by reference to the concept of "reverse synthesis":
firstly, substituting a triazine mother nucleus 3- (1, 1-dimethyl ethyl) -6- (ethylmercapto) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H) -dione and a fluorobenzyl side chain 2,4, 5-trifluorobenzyl bromide in the presence of an acid binding agent to obtain an intermediate 1; secondly, the intermediate 1 is deprotected under the condition of strong acid to obtain an intermediate 2; then, the intermediate 2 and 3- (chloromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole with a triazole side chain undergo substitution reaction again in the presence of an acid binding agent to obtain an intermediate 3; finally, the intermediate 3 and the 6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazole-5-amine with an indazolyl side chain undergo condensation reaction under the condition of strong alkali to prepare a target product S-217622 (I).
In order to selectively perform the substitution reaction between the halogenated side chain and the parent nucleus, it is necessary to take the steps of protection and deprotection, so that the whole reaction yield is reduced, and the principle of "atom economy" cannot be satisfied to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the substitution reaction with the same mechanism is repeatedly used twice in the reaction route, so that the conditions of reduced selectivity and increased side reaction are probably generated.
Therefore, in order to more efficiently realize the preparation of the novel crown medicament S-217622, a modern synthesis technology is adopted to search a more economical and practical reaction route, and an economical, environment-friendly, green and alternative process route is formed, which is important for enriching the preparation technology of S-217622 and the economic and technical development of the raw material medicament.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved preparation method of (6E) -6- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazol-5-yl) imino ] dihydro-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl ] -1- [ (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H) -dione (S-217522, I) by adopting the development results of modern synthetic technology and according to the synthetic concept of green chemistry. The preparation method is simple, convenient, economical and environment-friendly, is beneficial to the industrialized production of the medicine, and can promote the development of the economic technology of the raw material medicine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of S-217622 (I),
the method comprises the following steps: condensation reaction of 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole (II) with 2,4, 5-trifluorophenyl methyl amine (III) to produce N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N ' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] thiourea (IV), ammonification reaction of N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N ' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] thiourea (IV) with ammonia under the action of 2-iodobenzoic acid to produce N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N ' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] guanidine (V); the N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] guanidine (V) and 1-methyl-3-isocyanate methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole (VI) undergo an acylation reaction to generate 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] [ 6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl ] urea (VII), and the 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] [ 6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl ] urea (VII) and carbonyl chloride undergo a cyclization reaction under the action of an acid agent to prepare (6E) -6-chloro-2-indazol-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1-2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl ] urea (VII) and the 1- [ (6-chloro-2-indazol-3-amino ] methyl ] -3- [ (1-3-triazol-3-yl) methyl ] -3- [ (2, 4-trifluoro-3-methyl-3-amino ] methyl-3-amino-triazole-3-methyl-3-amino ] methyl -2,4 (1 h,3 h) -dione (S-217622, I).
The reaction scheme is shown below:
in addition, the invention also provides the following auxiliary technical scheme:
the feeding mole ratio of the raw material 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole (II) for the condensation reaction and 2,4, 5-trifluoro-phenyl methyl amine (III) is 1:1-1.5, preferably 1:1.1-1.3.
The solvent for the condensation reaction is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane, isopropanol, n-butanol or tert-butanol, preferably tert-butanol.
The temperature of the condensation reaction is 50 to 120 ℃, preferably 80 to 90 ℃.
The solvent for the ammonification reaction is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile, preferably acetonitrile.
The temperature of the ammonification reaction is-10 to 35 ℃, preferably 25 to 30 ℃.
The molar ratio of the acylation reaction raw material N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] guanidine (V) to the 1-methyl-3-isocyanate methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole (VI) is 1:0.9-1.3, preferably 1:1.0-1.2.
The solvent for the acylation reaction is toluene, xylene, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile, preferably toluene.
The temperature of the acylation reaction is-5 to 45 ℃, preferably 25 to 30 ℃.
The raw material 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluoro phenyl) methyl ] [ 6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazole-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-yl) methyl ] urea (VII) and carbonyl chloride of the cyclization reaction have a feeding molar ratio of 1:1.0-1.5, preferably 1:1.2.
The acid binding agent for the cyclization reaction is sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate, preferably potassium carbonate.
The solvent for the cyclization reaction is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile, preferably tetrahydrofuran.
The temperature of the cyclization reaction is 5 to 45 ℃, preferably 30 to 35 ℃.
Advantageous effects
The preparation method of the anti-neocrown drug S-217622 conveniently prepares the target product through common unit reactions such as condensation, ammoniation, acylation, cyclization and the like of known or available raw materials. The preparation process has the characteristics of simple process, safety, environmental protection and the like, can improve the quality and yield of the product, and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in non-limiting detail below with reference to a plurality of preferred embodiments.
Embodiment one:
6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazol-5-amine (18.1 g,0.1 mol) and potassium carbonate (27.6 g,0.2 mol) and water (200 mL) were added to the reaction flask, and carbon disulfide (15.2 g,0.2 mol) was added dropwise with stirring, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 to 4 hours. Cooling to 0-5 ℃, dropwise adding a solution of cyanuric chloride (9.2 g,50 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) under stirring, slowly heating to room temperature after the dropwise addition, continuously stirring for 4-6 hours, and detecting the completion of the reaction by TLC. The pH was adjusted to 11 with sodium hydroxide. The mixture was allowed to stand for separation, the organic phase was separated, the aqueous phase was extracted 3 times with methylene chloride, and the organic phases were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain oily 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole (II) 20.6g with 92.4% yield, EI-MS m/z 224[ M+H ]] + 。
Embodiment two:
in a reaction flask, (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl bromide (22.5 g,0.1 mmol), sodium azide (16.2 g,0.25 mol) and cetyltributylphosphorus bromide (5.1 g,0.01 mol) were addedIn water (100 mL) was stirred until dissolved. Heating to 80-85 deg.c and stirring to react for 8-10 hr. Cooled and allowed to stand for separation, the organic layer was collected, the aqueous phase extracted with toluene (50 mL) and combined with the organic phase. A solution of sodium borohydride (11.7 g,0.3 mol) in water (30 mL) was added dropwise to the organic phase, the temperature was raised to 80-85℃and the reaction was stirred for 12-16 hours, and the completion of the reaction was detected by TLC. The organic phase was separated and washed 2 times with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Concentrated under reduced pressure to give 13.3g of 2,4, 5-trifluorophenyl-methylamine (III) as a pale brown oil with a yield of 82.6% and EI-MS m/z 162[ M+H ]] + 。
Embodiment III:
6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole (II) (11.2 g,50 mmol) and 2,4, 5-trifluorophenyl methyl amine (III) (9.7 g,60 mmol) were added to t-butanol (200 mL) in a three-necked flask, the mixture was heated to reflux, and the reaction was allowed to proceed for 8 to 10 hours, followed by TLC detection. After concentration under reduced pressure, dichlorohexane (250 mL) was added to the residue, which was washed 3 times with 5% diluted hydrochloric acid, and the organic phase was separated, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was recovered by distillation under reduced pressure. Recrystallisation of the residue from ethyl acetate gives N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl as a pale grey solid]-N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl group]16.2g of thiourea (IV) with a yield of 84.2% EI-MS M/z 385 [ M+H ]] + ； 1 H NMR(DMSO d 6 )δ9.12(s,1H),8.16(brs,1H),7.54(m,2H),7.45(m,2H),6.04(brs, 1H),5.06(s,2H),4.09(s,3H)。
Embodiment four:
n- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl was added to a three-necked flask]-N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl group]Thiourea (IV) (11.5 g,30 mmol) and acetonitrile (150 mL) were added dropwise 28-30% aqueous ammonia (60 mL) of 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (9.3 g,33 mmol) with stirring at room temperature. After the dripping, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, and detecting the completion of the reaction by TLC. Extraction was performed 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, washed 3 times with 10% sodium bicarbonate solution, the organic phase separated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was recovered by distillation under the reduced pressure, and the residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl as a pale grey solid]-N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl group]Guanidine (V) 10g in 90.7% yield, EI-MS m/z 368[ M+H ]] + ； 1 H NMR(DMSO d 6 )δ9.58(brs, 1H),9.13(s,1H),8.96(brs,1H),8.14(brs,1H),7.50(m,4H),5.03(s,2H),4.09(s,3H)。
Fifth embodiment:
triphosgene (29.6 g,0.1 mol) and methylene chloride (200 mL) were added to the reaction flask at room temperature, and a solution of 1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-methylamine (11.2 g,0.1 mol) and methylene chloride (200 mL) was added dropwise with stirring. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the temperature was lowered to 0 to 5 ℃, triethylamine (15.2 g,0.15 mol) was continuously dropwise added under stirring, and the mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature and stirred for 4 hours. Concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain oily 1-methyl-3-isocyanatomethyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole (VI) 12.6g with 91.3% yield, EI-MS m/z 139[ M+H ]] + 。
Example six:
n- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl was added to a three-necked flask]-N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl group]Guanidine (V) (7.4 g,20 mmol) and toluene 100mL, cooled to 0-5 ℃, and 1-methyl-3-isocyanatomethyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole (VI) (3.04 g,22 mmol) in 10mL toluene was added dropwise. After stirring for 15 minutes, the reaction was warmed to room temperature and was completed by TLC for 18 to 20 hours. Concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain gray solid 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluoro phenyl) methyl group][ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-amino group]Methylene group]-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl]9.6g of urea (VII) with a yield of 94.9%; can be directly used for the next reaction without further treatment; EI-MS m/z 506[ M+H ]] + 。
Embodiment seven:
1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] was added to the reaction flask][ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-amino group]Methylene group]-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl]Urea (VII) (5.1 g,10 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (50 mL), and a solution of phosgene (1.2 g,12 mol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) was added with ice bath and stirring. Heating to 30-35 deg.c and stirring to react for 12-14 hr. Cooled to room temperature, potassium carbonate (3.3 g,24 mmol) was added, the temperature was slowly raised to reflux, the reaction was stirred for 2-4 hours, and TLC detection of the reaction was completed. The reaction solution was poured into ethyl acetate, and washed with saturated brine 2 times. The organic phase was separated, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was recovered by distillation under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was recrystallized from ethanol to give (6E) -6- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazole as a pale brown solid-5-yl) imino]Dihydro-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl]-1- [ (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ]]2.8g of (1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H) -dione (S-217422, I) with a yield of 52.7%, EI-MS m/z 532[ M+H ]] + ； 1 H NMR(DMSO d 6 )δ9.31(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.53(m,1H),7.67(m,1H),7.44(m,1H),5.26(s,2H), 5.04(s,2H),4.15(s,3H),3.90(s,3H)。
It should be noted that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as long as the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing a novel coronavirus main protease inhibitor S-217622 (the chemical name of which is (6E) -6- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazol-5-yl) imino ] dihydro-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl ] -1- [ (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H) -dione):
the preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of performing condensation reaction on 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole and 2,4, 5-trifluorophenyl methyl amine to generate N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazole-5-yl ] -N ' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] thiourea, and performing ammonification reaction on the N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazole-5-yl ] -N ' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] thiourea and ammonia under the action of 2-iodobenzoic acid to obtain N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazole-5-yl ] -N ' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] guanidine; the N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] guanidine and 1-methyl-3-isocyanate methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole undergo an acylation reaction to generate 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] [ 6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-yl) methyl ] urea, the 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] [ 6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-yl) methyl ] urea and carbonyl chloride undergo a cyclization reaction under the action of an acid binding agent to prepare (6E) -6- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl-2H-indazol-5-yl) imino ] dihydro-3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-yl) methyl ] -1- [ (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4 (1H, 3H) -dione (S-217622).
2. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding mole ratio of the raw material 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-isothiocyanato-2H-indazole for the condensation reaction and 2,4, 5-trifluoro-phenyl methyl amine is 1:1-1.5.
3. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent of the condensation reaction is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane, isopropanol, n-butanol or tertiary butanol; the temperature of the condensation reaction is 50-120 ℃.
4. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent for the ammonification reaction is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile; the temperature of the ammonification reaction is-10-35 ℃.
5. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the molar ratio of the acylation reaction raw material N- [ (6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazol-5-yl ] -N' - [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl) methyl ] guanidine (V) to the 1-methyl-3-isocyanate methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole (VI) is 1:0.9-1.3.
6. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent for the acylation reaction is toluene, xylene, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile; the temperature of the acylation reaction is-5-45 ℃.
7. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material 1- [ [1- (2, 4, 5-trifluoro phenyl) methyl ] [ 6-chloro-2-methyl) -2H-indazole-5-amino ] methylene ] -3- [ (1-methyl-1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-yl) methyl ] urea for the cyclization reaction and phosgene are added in a molar ratio of 1:1.0-1.5.
8. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the acid binding agent for the cyclization reaction is sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate.
9. The method for preparing S-217622 according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent for the cyclization reaction is tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile; the temperature of the cyclization reaction is 35-75 ℃.
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| Discovery of S‑ 217622, a Noncovalent Oral SARS-CoV ‑ 2 3CL Protease Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for Treating COVID-19;Yuto Unoh等;《J. Med. Chem.》;6499-6512 * |
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