CN114853305A - High-water-content oil-containing solid waste treatment device and method based on classification demulsification - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-water-content oil-containing solid waste treatment device and method based on graded demulsification. The high-water-water oil-containing solid waste treatment device comprises: a thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel and a pressure filter vessel; the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel is provided with an inlet Material pipe, stirring device, oil storage hopper, oil discharge pipe and discharge pipe; the inlet of the feeding pipe is connected with a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline; the first pipeline is used for inputting to be processed The second pipeline is used for high-pressure water injection; the third pipeline is used to input conditioning agent to achieve graded demulsification; the filter press container is provided with a squeezing chamber, and the squeezing chamber is provided with a squeezing device , the warehouse wall of the extrusion warehouse is provided with a drainage hole. The device provided by the invention can realize simultaneous removal of oil and water under the condition of a small amount of energy supply and water supply, and has the advantages of economical efficiency.

Description

A kind of high water content oily solid waste treatment device and method based on graded demulsification

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-water-oil-containing solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a high-water-oil-containing solid waste treatment device and method based on graded demulsification.

Background technique

In the production process of petroleum, chemical and other industries, various solid wastes with high water content and oil will be produced, such as oily sludge, tank bottom sludge, etc. These sludges are mainly mixtures of petroleum hydrocarbons, water and solid particles , contains harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace heavy metals. If they cannot be effectively treated and enter the natural environment, they will cause secondary pollution of water, soil and atmosphere. In addition, the moisture content of such solid wastes is extremely high, generally as high as 60% to 95%. Solid wastes with high moisture content are not conducive to transportation and subsequent treatment, and will occupy a lot of land resources, which also leads to the treatment and disposal of such wastes. High cost and difficulty. To sum up, how to efficiently and economically remove oil and water from high-water-bearing oil-bearing solid wastes and realize their resource utilization and harmlessness has become an urgent problem to be solved.

In the prior art, incineration and pyrolysis are common methods for treating high-water-content oil-containing solid waste, but incineration cannot effectively recover the oil content in the oil-containing solid waste, and there are still problems such as high energy consumption and secondary pollution; The oil in the solid waste can be effectively recovered, but the temperature needs to be raised to 500°C to 900°C, and the high water content in the solid waste further increases the energy consumption during the pyrolysis process.

Chemical hot washing technology has been used to remove oil in high water content oily solid waste. Chemical hot washing method refers to the use of conditioned hot water to clean oily sludge under optimal washing conditions, and then use measures such as air flotation. The solid-liquid separation is achieved to achieve the purpose of three-phase separation of oil, water and mud. Using the above chemical hot washing method can reduce the residual oil rate of oily sludge to less than 1%, and the energy consumption is correspondingly lower; however, during the cleaning process, it is necessary to add 3 to 8 times the same volume or mass of solid waste. Moisture to improve washing efficiency, and detergents are also added to destroy the oil-water interface and the oil-solid interface so that the oil is separated from water and solids, which increases the burden of subsequent water treatment; in addition, the solid waste after washing needs to be further dehydration treatment.

To sum up, there is no economical and efficient method for simultaneous dehydration and degreasing of high-water-oil solid wastes at this stage, and it is urgent to develop a new device or method for treating high-water-oil solid wastes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high water content oily solid waste treatment device and method based on graded demulsification, so as to solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical scheme provided by the present invention can realize simultaneous removal of oil and water under the condition of a small amount of energy supply and water supply, and has the advantages of economy and high efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a high-water oil-containing solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification, comprising: a thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel and a filter press vessel;

The thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel is provided with a feed pipe, a stirring device, an oil storage hopper, an oil discharge pipe and a discharge pipe; wherein, the inlet of the feed pipe is connected with a first pipeline, a second pipeline and The third pipeline; the first pipeline is used to input the high-water-oil-containing solid waste to be treated, and the water content of the high-water-oil-containing solid waste to be treated after water treatment is more than 90%, and the first pipeline The second pipeline is provided with a feed valve; the second pipeline is used for high-pressure water injection, and the second pipeline is provided with a water inlet valve; the third pipeline is used to input a conditioning agent to achieve graded demulsification, and the first pipeline The three pipelines are provided with a conditioning agent pumping valve; the stirring device is used to agitate the material in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel to achieve oil-solid separation; the oil storage hopper is used to collect the oil after the oil-solid separation ; The oil discharge pipe is used to output the oil collected by the oil storage hopper under the action of the pressure difference; the discharge pipe is used to output the solid waste raw material after thermal hydrolysis treatment, and the discharge pipe is provided with a discharge material valve;

The filter press container is provided with a squeezing chamber, and the squeezing chamber is used for inputting the solid waste raw materials after the thermal hydrolysis treatment; the squeezing chamber is provided with a squeezing device for squeezing and dehydrating; The silo wall of the squeeze silo is provided with a drainage hole for discharging the prolapsed water;

The pressing device comprises: a piston and a pressure rod; the piston is movably arranged in the pressing chamber; one end of the pressure rod is fixedly connected with the piston, and the other end leads out of the filter press container, The piston can be driven to move within the extrusion chamber by means of a pressure rod.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that the outlet of the feed pipe is arranged at the bottom of the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that the stirring device comprises: a stirring rod and a stirring motor; the stirring rod is arranged in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel, and the stirring motor is fixedly arranged on the side of the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel. The outer wall is used to drive the stirring rod to rotate.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that the thermal hydrolysis reaction temperature in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel ranges from 120°C to 240°C.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that the conditioning agent includes a demulsifier and a surfactant.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that the drainage holes are all provided with filter screens.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that an observation window is provided on the container wall of the thermal hydrolysis reaction container.

A further improvement of the device of the present invention is that it further comprises: an oil storage tank for storing the oil content output by the oil discharge pipe.

The present invention provides a method for treating high-water oil-containing solid waste based on graded demulsification, based on the above-mentioned treatment device of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

Open the feed valve, and input the high-water-oily solid waste to be treated into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel through the first pipeline;

The feed valve is closed, the stirring device is opened, and the reaction atmosphere in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel is heated up to the preset thermal hydrolysis reaction temperature; the thermal hydrolysis reaction has a preset duration to destroy the oil-water emulsification structure to achieve oil-water separation, which is achieved under stirring action. oil-solid separation;

Turn off the stirring device, open the water inlet valve, and inject high-pressure water into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel to raise the height of the oil-water interface and increase the moisture content of the solid waste raw materials after degreasing;

When no oil enters the oil storage hopper or solids enter the oil storage hopper, close the water inlet valve; the oil in the oil storage hopper is output under the action of the pressure difference through the oil discharge pipe, and the pressure of the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel returns to normal pressure After that, close the oil drain valve;

Open the water inlet valve and inject water at high pressure into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel, so that the oil-water-solid three-phase layer is stratified and the upper interface of the material is at the preset position below the inlet of the oil storage hopper;

Close the water inlet valve and open the conditioning agent pumping valve, input the conditioning agent into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel, maintain the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel at the preset thermal hydrolysis reaction temperature and open the stirring device, and wait until the pressure rises to the level of water. After the saturated vapor pressure, the oil in the oil storage hopper is output under the action of the pressure difference through the oil discharge pipe. After the pressure of the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel returns to normal pressure, the oil discharge valve is closed;

Open the discharge valve, and input the solid waste raw material after thermal hydrolysis treatment into the squeeze bin inside the filter press container through the discharge pipe; the solid waste raw material is squeezed and dehydrated by the squeezing device, and the dehydrated water is discharged through the drainage hole.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The device provided by the invention can realize the simultaneous removal of oil and water under the condition of a small amount of energy supply and water supply, and has the advantages of economical efficiency.

Specifically explanatory:

(1) The device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel, and the thermal hydrolysis treatment can destroy the emulsification structure in the high-water oil-containing solid waste and effectively reduce the adhesion of oil and solid particles; the specific principle is explanatory. However, in the environment of high temperature and high pressure, the violent and random motion of water molecules will destroy the interfacial balance of the oil-solid interface, thereby destroying the oil-water emulsification structure; in addition, the viscosity of the oil will decrease due to the increase of temperature, and the oil and mud sand at the thermal hydrolysis temperature. The electrostatic repulsion between them also increases, so the adhesion of the oil becomes weaker. In this case, it is easier to peel off the oil on the solid particles by using mechanical stirring; moreover, the thermal motion of the solid particles in the high-water oil-containing solid waste increases under high temperature conditions. , the chance of collision between particles increases, which is conducive to the demulsification and degreasing of sludge, and improves the degreasing efficiency.

(2) The device provided by the present invention is provided with a third pipeline for inputting a conditioning agent to achieve graded demulsification; the specific principle is explanatory, most of the oil in the solid waste after thermal hydrolysis treatment floats in The upper layer of the liquid surface can be removed by the pressure difference; after that, by adding a conditioner to the solid waste under high pressure conditions, demulsification and degreasing are performed to achieve graded demulsification, so that the oil content in the solid waste can be further reduced.

(3) The device provided by the present invention is provided with a filter press container, which can realize dehydration and oil removal of high-water-oil-containing solid waste at the same time with low energy consumption; The water-solid mixture is removed by the pressure difference, and the remaining water-solid mixture is directly transferred to the pressure filter container for extrusion dehydration under high temperature conditions. performance; in addition, dehydration is to dehydrate the solid waste directly at the thermal hydrolysis temperature in a completely closed container, and the water has a saturated vapor pressure at each corresponding temperature, and in this high temperature and high pressure condition, high water content Most of the water in the oily solid waste exists in the form of liquid. In this case, the water is separated from the solid waste by using the mechanical filter press technology, and there is no phase change of water, so the device of the present invention has the characteristics of low energy consumption.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art; obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of high water content oily solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

In Figure 1, 1, feed valve; 2, water inlet valve; 3, conditioner pumping valve; 4, feed pipe; 5, thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel; 6, oil discharge valve; 7, oil discharge pipe; 8 , observation window; 9, oil storage hopper; 10, discharge valve; 11, stirring motor; 12, oil storage tank; 13, discharge pipe; 14, filter press container; 15, squeeze bin; 16, drainage hole; 17 , filter; 18, piston; 19, pressure rod.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only Embodiments are part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those expressly listed Rather, those steps or units may include other steps or units not expressly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:

Referring to FIG. 1 , a high water content oily solid waste treatment device provided by an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a feed valve 1, a water inlet valve 2, a conditioning agent pumping valve 3, a feed pipe 4, a thermal hydrolysis reaction Container 5, oil discharge valve 6, oil discharge pipe 7, observation window 8, oil storage hopper 9, discharge valve 10, stirring motor 11, oil storage tank 12, discharge pipe 13, filter press container 14, extrusion bin 15, drainage Hole 16, screen 17, piston 18 and pressure rod 19.

The connection mode of the device in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5 has a built-in stirring motor 11, and the upper left end is embedded with a feeding pipe 4; The valve 2 is connected to the high-pressure water injection device, and is connected to the conditioner pump through the conditioning agent pumping valve 3; the upper right end of the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5 is embedded with an oil discharge pipe 7, and the lower end of the oil discharge pipe 7 is inserted into the oil storage hopper 9. The outer wall of the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5 with the same height of the oil hopper 9 is provided with an observation window 8; the oil discharge pipe 7 is connected with the oil storage tank 12 through the oil discharge valve 6; the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5 is connected with the discharge valve 10 and the discharge pipe 13. The squeeze chamber 15 inside the filter press container 14 is connected; the inside of the squeeze chamber 15 is surrounded by the filter screen 17, and the lower bottom has a drainage hole 16; the pressure rod 19 is connected with the piston 18, and the piston 18 is placed in the squeeze chamber 15; the piston 18 moves up and down under the action of the pressure rod 19 without affecting the filter screen 17.

The device of the embodiment of the present invention can achieve simultaneous removal of oil and water with a small amount of energy supply and water supply through the raw material preparation stage, the thermal hydrolysis reaction stage, the oil discharge stage, the cycle oil discharge stage and the dehydration stage.

The embodiment of the present invention is illustrative, the main purpose of setting the stirring device is that the stable interface between the oil and the solid particles is destroyed due to the vigorous movement of water molecules under high temperature conditions. The oil is peeled off to realize the separation of oil and solid; the purpose of setting the oil discharge pipe 7 is that the oil is discharged through the oil discharge pipe 7 under the action of the pressure difference; the purpose of setting the observation window 8 is to observe the oil entering the oil storage hopper 9 to ensure that there is no solid The particles enter the oil storage hopper 9; the main purpose of setting the high pressure water injection device and the water inlet valve 2 is to raise the height of the oil-water interface, and at the same time increase the water content of the raw material after oil removal to improve the oil removal efficiency in the cycle oil discharge stage. The raw materials in the extrusion chamber 15 are squeezed and dehydrated, and most of the water is removed in the form of liquid, which is non-evaporative dehydration and low energy consumption; because there is a large space between the filter press container 14 and the extrusion chamber 15 Therefore, the air is not squeezed and dehydrated during the extrusion process, which improves the practicability of the device.

The embodiments of the present invention provide example methods. Based on the above-mentioned device in the embodiments of the present invention, the method is mainly divided into five stages, including a raw material preparation stage, a thermal hydrolysis reaction stage, an oil discharge stage, a circulating oil discharge stage, and a dehydration stage; the The method specifically includes the following steps:

First, the solid waste with high water content and oil content is analyzed in the raw material preparation stage. According to the characteristics of different materials, based on the characteristics of this device, the water content of the solid waste with high water content and oil content is adjusted to more than 90%;

After the material is finished in the raw material allocation stage, it enters the thermal hydrolysis reaction stage; the feed valve 1 is opened, and the prepared raw materials are pumped into the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5. After an appropriate amount of material enters the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5, The feed valve 1 is closed, and the stirring device is turned on; the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 is raised to a preset temperature under the control of the heating program, and the thermal hydrolysis reaction is carried out. After the thermal hydrolysis treatment is completed, the oil discharge stage is entered;

Turn off the stirring device, open the water inlet valve 2, and inject an appropriate amount of water into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 through the high-pressure water injection device through the feed pipe 4; through the observation window 8, it can be observed that the upper layer oil flows into the oil storage hopper 9, and then continue to inject Moisture; after it is observed that no obvious oil enters the oil storage hopper 9 or solids enter the oil storage hopper 9, close the water inlet valve 2;

Open the oil discharge valve 6, and the oil in the oil storage hopper 9 enters the oil storage tank through the oil discharge pipe 7 under the action of the pressure difference;

After the pressure of the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 returns to normal pressure, close the oil discharge valve 6 to enter the cycle oil discharge stage; open the water inlet valve 2, and pass the high pressure water injection device to the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 through the feed pipe 4. Inject water to ensure that water cannot enter the oil storage hopper 9; close the water inlet valve 2, and after 10-30 minutes of reaction, open the oil discharge valve 6, and the oil in the oil storage hopper 9 enters through the oil discharge pipe 7 under the action of the pressure difference Oil storage tank; repeat the above operation 2-5 times, after the liquid to be removed has no obvious oil content, close the water inlet valve 2, open the conditioner pumping device, and pump the conditioner into the thermal hydrolysis reaction container 5; maintain hot water The hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 is at the thermal hydrolysis temperature, and the stirring device is turned on, and after the pressure is raised to the saturated vapor pressure of water, the operation of the above-mentioned oil discharge stage is repeated;

The cycle oil discharge stage is over, and the dehydration stage is entered; the discharge valve 10 is opened, the raw material after thermal hydrolysis treatment enters the extrusion chamber 15 inside the filter press container 14 through the discharge pipe 13; the piston 18 is pushed by the pressure rod 19 to squeeze The raw material in the pressure bin 15 is squeezed and dehydrated; the removed water is filtered by the filter screen 17 and separated from the solid in the raw material through the drainage hole 16 at the bottom of the squeeze bin 15, and the removed moisture is left at the bottom of the filter press container 14 , the device is finished.

In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the characteristics of different materials and the characteristics of the device, the moisture content of the high-water-oil-containing solid waste is adjusted to more than 90%. phase for stable delamination. In addition, the purpose of the thermal hydrolysis reaction is that in the process of thermal hydrolysis of the raw material, the oil-water emulsification structure is destroyed, and the separation of oil and water is realized. destroy.

Preferably, the water injection amount of the high-pressure water injection device is 100% to 250% of the oil removed in the oil discharge stage; the cycle oil discharge stage needs to be repeated 2-4 times. Explanation, after the oil-removing cycle is over, a demulsifier or a cleaning agent is added to remove the oil that cannot be removed by the thermal hydrolysis reaction. The combination of these two processes is called graded demulsification.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the conditioning agent is added to the valve 3 after the thermal hydrolysis reaction is completed to achieve the purpose of graded demulsification and can improve the demulsification efficiency; the pumped conditioning agent is a surfactant and a demulsifier, which can be Substances that improve the efficiency of dehydration and oil removal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the discharge valve 10 is opened, and after the thermal hydrolysis treatment, the raw material enters the filter press container 14 through the discharge pipe 13; The temperature of the container 14 will rise after being in contact with the material, and the temperature of the pressure filter container 14 after the discharge is raised is 20°C to 80°C lower than the thermal hydrolysis temperature.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the thermal hydrolysis treatment is used to destroy the emulsification structure in the high-water oil-containing solid waste and effectively reduce the adhesion of oil and solid particles. The specific principle is as follows: Under the high temperature and high pressure environment, the violent and random motion of water molecules will destroy the interfacial balance of the oil-solid interface, thereby destroying the oil-water emulsification structure; The electrostatic repulsive force with the silt also increases, so the adhesion of the oil becomes weaker. In this case, it is easier to peel off the oil on the solid particles by mechanical stirring. In addition, under high temperature conditions, the thermal motion of solid particles in the high-water oil-containing solid waste increases, and the collision chance between particles increases, which is conducive to the demulsification and de-oiling of oil sludge and improves the de-oiling efficiency. In the embodiment of the present invention, graded demulsification is realized by adding a conditioning agent after thermal hydrolysis demulsification. The principle is as follows: in the solid waste after thermal hydrolysis treatment, most of the oil floats on the liquid surface layer and can be eliminated by pressure difference After that, demulsification and degreasing are carried out by adding a conditioner to the solid waste under high pressure conditions to achieve graded demulsification, thereby further reducing the oil content in the solid waste. The embodiment of the present invention realizes the simultaneous dehydration and oil removal of high-water oil-containing solid waste with low energy consumption. After the solid waste undergoes grading demulsification treatment, the oil is removed by pressure difference, and the remaining water-solid mixture is directly transferred to the filter press container for extrusion dehydration under high temperature conditions. Solid particles will agglomerate and flocculate after thermal hydrolysis treatment, which can improve their filter press performance. In addition, dehydration is to dehydrate the solid waste directly at the thermal hydrolysis temperature in a completely closed container, and the water has a saturated vapor pressure at each corresponding temperature. Most of the moisture in the waste exists in the form of liquid. In this case, the mechanical filter press technology is used to separate the moisture from the solid waste, and there is no phase change of water, so the device of the present invention has the characteristics of low energy consumption.

Based on the above description, it can be known that the present invention can realize the simultaneous removal of oil and water in high-water oil-containing solid waste.

A specific embodiment of the present invention is a method for treating high water content oily solid waste, based on any one of the above-mentioned devices of the present invention, and specifically includes the following steps:

First, the solid waste with high water content and oil content is analyzed in the raw material preparation stage. According to the characteristics of different materials and the characteristics of this device, the water content of the solid waste with high water content and oil content is adjusted to more than 90%; this is due to the high water content of the material. After thermal hydrolysis treatment, the oil-water-solid three-phase can be stably stratified. After the material is finished in the raw material allocation stage, the material enters the thermal hydrolysis reaction stage;

Open the feed valve 1, and the prepared raw materials are pumped into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5. After an appropriate amount of material enters the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5, close the feed valve 1; 500rpm; the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 is raised to a preset temperature under the control of the heating program, and the thermal hydrolysis reaction is carried out, the thermal hydrolysis temperature is 120-240°C, and the reaction time is 30-120 minutes; In the process of solution treatment, the oil-water emulsification structure is destroyed, and the separation of oil and water is realized; under high temperature conditions, the vigorous movement of water molecules destroys the stable interface between oil and solid particles, and under the action of constant stirring, the solid The oil on the particles is also stripped. Due to the difference in density between water and oil, most of the oil floats in the upper layer; after the thermal hydrolysis treatment is completed, the oil discharge stage is entered;

Turn off the stirring device, open the water inlet valve 2, inject an appropriate amount of water into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 through the feed pipe 4 through the high-pressure water injection device, raise the height of the oil-water interface, and at the same time increase the water content of the raw material after degreasing to improve the circulating discharge. Oil removal efficiency in the oil stage; through the observation window 8, it can be observed that the upper layer oil flows into the oil storage hopper 9, and then continues to inject water; after it is observed that no obvious oil enters the oil storage hopper 9 or solids enter the oil storage hopper 9, the inlet is closed. water valve 2;

Subsequently, the oil discharge valve 6 is opened, and the oil in the oil storage hopper 9 enters the oil storage tank through the oil discharge pipe 7 under the action of the pressure difference; after the pressure of the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 returns to normal pressure, close the oil discharge valve 6 , enter the cycle oil discharge stage.

Open the water inlet valve 2, and inject an appropriate amount of water into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 through the high-pressure water injection device through the feed pipe 4, so that the oil-water-solid three-phase can be stably stratified; the added water cannot make the upper interface of the material exceed the storage capacity. Oil hopper 9, the amount of water injection is 100% to 250% of the oil in the oil discharge stage; close the water inlet valve 2, maintain the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 at the thermal hydrolysis temperature, and open the stirring device, and wait until the pressure rises to water After 10-30 minutes of saturated vapor pressure, repeat the above operation in the oil discharge stage; after repeating 2-4 times, when the liquid entering the oil storage hopper 9 has no obvious oil content, turn on the conditioner pumping device, The conditioner is pumped into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5; the conditioner includes organic substances such as demulsifier and surfactant, and the above-mentioned substances can improve the effect of oil-water separation and oil-solid separation; add the conditioner after thermal hydrolysis and demulsification It is because the thermal hydrolysis reaction occurs under the condition of high temperature and high pressure, and the conditioner is easily decomposed under this condition for a long time, resulting in poor demulsification and oil stripping effect. Therefore, this device adopts the method of graded demulsification. Further improve the separation efficiency of oil. Maintain the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel 5 at the thermal hydrolysis temperature, and turn on the stirring device. After the pressure rises to the saturated vapor pressure of water, after lasting 10-30 minutes, repeat the operation in the above-mentioned oil discharge stage, and wait for the oil to be discharged. After the end of the cycle oil discharge stage ends, enter the dehydration stage;

Open the discharge valve 10, and the raw material that has removed most of the oil after the thermal hydrolysis treatment enters the squeeze bin 15 inside the filter press container 14 through the discharge pipe 13; Therefore, the temperature of the filter press container 14 will increase after contacting with the material, so the filter press container 14 is still maintained at a certain saturated vapor pressure and temperature with a small amount of water evaporation. 19 Push the piston 18 to squeeze and dehydrate the raw materials in the extrusion chamber 15, and most of the water is removed in the form of liquid, which belongs to no evaporation and dehydration, and the energy consumption is low; There is a large space, so the air is not squeezed and dehydrated during the extrusion process, which improves the practicability of the device; the removed moisture is filtered by the filter screen 17 and passed through the drainage hole 16 at the lower part of the extrusion chamber 15 and the raw material. The solids are separated, and the removed water is left at the bottom of the filter press container 14, and the diameter of the filter holes on the filter screen 17 ranges from 0.425 to 0.15 mm; after the operation of the device is completed, the oil content and moisture in the high-water oil-containing solid waste are realized at the same time. remove.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Modifications or equivalent replacements are made to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high water content oily solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification, characterized in that, comprising: a thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) and a filter press vessel (14); The thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) is provided with a feed pipe (4), a stirring device, an oil storage hopper (9), an oil discharge pipe (7) and a discharge pipe (13); wherein, the feed pipe ( 4) The inlet is provided with a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline; the first pipeline is used to input the high-water oil-containing solid waste to be treated, and the high-water-containing oil-containing solid to be treated The water content of the waste is above 90%, the first pipeline is provided with a feed valve (1); the second pipeline is used for high-pressure water injection, and the second pipeline is provided with a water intake valve (2); The third pipeline is used for inputting a conditioning agent to achieve graded demulsification, and the third pipeline is provided with a conditioning agent pumping valve (3); the stirring device is used in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5). ) in the material reaction process to be stirred to achieve oil-solid separation; the oil storage hopper (9) is used to collect the oil after the oil-solid separation; the oil discharge pipe (7) is used to output the oil under the action of the pressure difference the oil content collected by the oil storage hopper (9); the discharge pipe (13) is used for outputting the solid waste raw material after thermal hydrolysis treatment, and the discharge pipe (13) is provided with a discharge valve (10); A squeeze chamber (15) is arranged in the filter press container (14), and the squeeze chamber (15) is used for inputting the solid waste raw material after the thermal hydrolysis treatment; A squeezing device is provided for squeezing and dehydrating; the bin wall of the squeezing bin (15) is provided with a drainage hole (16) for discharging the prolapsed water; The extrusion device includes: a piston (18) and a pressure rod (19); The piston (18) is movably arranged in the squeeze chamber (15); one end of the pressure rod (19) is fixedly connected with the piston (18), and the other end leads out of the filter press container (19). 14), the piston (18) can be driven to move in the extrusion chamber (15) by the pressure rod (19). 2. A high water-water oil-containing solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the feed pipe (4) is arranged in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) bottom of. 3. The high-water-oil-containing solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1, wherein the stirring device comprises: a stirring rod and a stirring motor (11); The stirring rod is arranged in the thermal hydrolysis reaction container (5), and the stirring motor (11) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the thermal hydrolysis reaction container (5) for driving the stirring rod to rotate. 4 . The high-water oil-containing solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1 , wherein the thermal hydrolysis reaction temperature in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) ranges from 120° C. to 120° C. 5 . 240°C. 5 . The high-water-containing oily solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1 , wherein the conditioning agent comprises a demulsifier and a surfactant. 6 . 6 . The high-water content oily solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1 , wherein the drainage holes ( 16 ) are all provided with filter screens ( 17 ). 7 . 7 . The high-water content oil-containing solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1 , wherein an observation window ( 8 ) is provided on the container wall of the thermal hydrolysis reaction container ( 5 ). 8 . 8. a kind of high water content oily solid waste treatment device based on graded demulsification according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: The oil storage tank (12) is used for storing the oil content output by the oil discharge pipe (7). 9. A method for treating high water content oily solid wastes based on graded demulsification, characterized in that, based on the treatment device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Open the feed valve (1), and input the solid waste with high water content and oil to be treated into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) through the first pipeline; The feed valve (1) is closed, the stirring device is opened, and the reaction atmosphere in the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) is heated to a preset thermal hydrolysis reaction temperature; the thermal hydrolysis reaction is preset for a duration to destroy the oil-water emulsification structure to achieve oil-water separation , to achieve oil-solid separation under stirring; Turn off the stirring device, open the water inlet valve (2), and inject high-pressure water into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) to raise the height of the oil-water interface and increase the moisture content of the solid waste raw material after degreasing; no oil enters the oil storage hopper (9). ) or solids enter the oil storage hopper (9), close the water inlet valve (2); the oil in the oil storage hopper (9) is output under the action of the pressure difference through the oil discharge pipe (7), waiting for the thermal hydrolysis reaction After the pressure of the container (5) returns to normal pressure, close the oil discharge valve (6) and open the water inlet valve (2), and inject high-pressure water into the thermal hydrolysis reaction container (5), so that the oil-water-solid three-phase layer is separated and the material is separated. The upper interface is at the preset position below the inlet of the oil storage bucket (9); Close the water inlet valve (2) and open the conditioner pumping valve (3), input the conditioner into the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5), and maintain the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) at the preset thermal hydrolysis reaction temperature And turn on the stirring device, after the pressure rises to the saturated vapor pressure of water, the oil in the oil storage hopper (9) is output under the action of the pressure difference through the oil discharge pipe (7), and the thermal hydrolysis reaction vessel (5) After the pressure returns to normal pressure, close the oil discharge valve (6); Open the discharge valve (10), and input the solid waste raw material after thermal hydrolysis treatment into the squeeze bin (15) inside the filter press container (14) through the discharge pipe (13); Squeeze for dehydration, and the dehydrated water is discharged through the drainage hole (16).

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