CN114839918A - Control system of motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Control system of motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114839918A CN114839918A CN202210763358.4A CN202210763358A CN114839918A CN 114839918 A CN114839918 A CN 114839918A CN 202210763358 A CN202210763358 A CN 202210763358A CN 114839918 A CN114839918 A CN 114839918A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The application discloses a control system of a motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking and an implementation method thereof, the control system comprises a host running system and a slave running system, the host running system and the slave running system respectively comprise a master control module, a clock module, a 485 communication module, a motor output module, a power supply module and a wireless module, and the master control module is connected with the clock module, the motor output module and the wireless module, so that the control system has the following advantages: the control mode of brushless motor drive and 433MHZ frequency wireless transmission is adopted, the service life of the controller is prolonged, and the anti-interference capability and stability of signals are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a control system of a motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking and an implementation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of motor control.
Background
In current photovoltaic controller, mainly with the mode that the relay control system has the brush motor to drive the photovoltaic support, because there is brush motor and relay own mechanical structure's life-span restriction and the influence of environmental factor for the life-span of controller is very short. In addition, the existing control signal transmission mode is mostly wireless transmission modes such as ZigBee and the like on a 2.4G frequency band, the transmission mode has poor environmental adaptability, weak signal penetrating capability and diffraction capability and large signal attenuation. And because the existing Bluetooth, wireless local area network and other applications are applied in a large number, the electromagnetic environment of the photovoltaic field is complex, the influence on signals is large, and the control signals are easily interfered and even lost in the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem and provides a control system of a motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking and an implementation method thereof, wherein a control mode of brushless motor driving and 433MHZ frequency wireless transmission is adopted, the service life of a controller is prolonged, and the anti-interference capability and stability of signals are improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking comprises a host running system and a slave running system, wherein the host running system and the slave running system respectively comprise a master control module, a clock module, a 485 communication module, a motor output module, a power supply module and a wireless module, the master control module is connected with the clock module, the motor output module and the wireless module, the power supply module is used for converting 24V input voltage into 5V and 3.3V to provide power for each module, the master control module is used for controlling the running of the whole system, the clock module is used for providing clock information for the master control module, the motor output module is used for receiving control signals of the master control module, constructing a 6-step reversing circuit of a 3-phase half bridge, controlling an MOS chip to drive a DC brushless motor, the wireless module is used for receiving and sending wireless signals, communicating with the master control module and converting the information into wireless signals with the frequency of 433M, and exchanging information between the host running system and the slave running system through the receiving and sending of the wireless signals, the 485 communication module is used for communicating with the outside, and the control system is connected to the weather station through the 485 module to monitor the environment.
Furthermore, a pin 61 of the MCU chip U8 is connected to one end of a push button switch S1 and one end of a resistor R23, a pin 61 of the MCU chip U8 is connected to one end of a push button switch S2 and one end of a resistor R24, the other end of the resistor R24 and the other end of the resistor R23 are connected to +3.3V, and the other end of the push button switch S1 and the other end of the push button switch S2 are grounded;
the pin 9 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 3 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R40, the pin 10 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 4 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R41, the pin 11 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 5 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R42, the pin 1 of the LED interface LED-1 is connected with +5V, and the pin 2 of the LED interface LED-1 is grounded;
the 59 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 3 feet of the GPS interface, the 58 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 2 feet of the GPS interface, the 1 foot of the GPS interface is connected with a VCC power supply, the 2 feet of the GPS interface are grounded, the 46 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 2 feet of one end of a resistor R3 and an interface P1, the 49 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 3 feet of one end of the resistor R4 and an interface P1, the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the resistor R4 are connected with +3.3V, and the 1 foot of the interface P1 is connected with + 5V.
Further, the main control module further comprises an LED driving LED-F3, a pin 0 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor 10, a pin 2 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, a pin 4 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor 10, the other end of the resistor R11 and the other end of the resistor R12 are connected with a VCC power supply, a pin 1 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with a collector of a triode Q6, an emitter of a triode Q6 is grounded, a base of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R36 and one end of a resistor R37, the other end of the resistor R37 is grounded, the other end of a resistor R36 is connected with a pin 68557 of the MCU chip U8, a pin 3 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with a collector of a triode Q5, an emitter of the triode Q5 is grounded, a base of the triode Q5 is connected with one end of a resistor R34 and one end of a resistor 34, the pin 5 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with the collector of a triode Q4, the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded, the base of the triode Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R32 and one end of a resistor R33, the other end of the resistor R33 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with a pin 2 of an MCU chip U8.
Further, the motor output module comprises an amplifier chip U14 for detecting the current magnitude of the sampling resistor, pin 1 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv4, one end of the resistor Rv1 and one end of a capacitor CV1, the other end of the resistor Rv4 is connected with one end of a diode D7, one end of a diode D6 and pin 14 of the MCU chip U8, pin 3 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv2, the other end of the resistor Rv2 is connected with one end of a capacitor CV3 and pin 1 of the MOSMOS chip U1, the other end of the capacitor CV3 is grounded, pin 4 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv3, the other end of a capacitor CV1 and the other end of a resistor Rv1, the other end of the resistor Rv3 is grounded, pin 5 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a capacitor CV2, and connected to the VDDA power supply, and the other end of the capacitor CV2 is grounded.
Further, the motor output module further comprises a 6-step reversing circuit, each step of reversing circuit of the 6-step reversing circuit comprises a triode, a collector of the triode is connected with an MOS chip through a resistor, and a base of the triode is connected with an MCU chip U8 through a resistor.
Further, the motor output module further comprises an interface HALL, a pin 1 of the interface HALL is connected with a VCC power supply, a pin 2 of the interface HALL is connected with one end of a resistor R88, one end of a capacitor C47 and one end of a resistor R89, the other end of the resistor R88 and the other end of the capacitor C47 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R89 is connected with a pin 50 of an MCU chip U8, a pin 3 of the interface HALL is connected with one end of a resistor R91, one end of the capacitor C48 and one end of the resistor R92, the other end of the resistor R91 and the other end of the capacitor C48 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R92 is connected with a pin 44 of the MCU chip U8, a pin 4 of the interface HALL is connected with one end of a resistor R94, one end of a capacitor C49 and one end of a resistor R95, the other end of the resistor R94 and the other end of the capacitor C49 are grounded, and the other end of the resistor R95 is connected with a pin 45 of the MCU chip U8.
Further, the wireless module comprises a wireless module chip U5, wherein a pin 1 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of an inductor L8, one end of an inductor L9 and one end of a capacitor C9, the other end of the inductor L9 is grounded, a pin 2 of the wireless module chip U9 is connected with one end of the inductor L9, one end of a capacitor C9 and the other end of the inductor L9, the other end of the capacitor C9 is grounded, a pin 3 of the MOS chip U9 is connected with one end of the inductor L9 and one end of the capacitor C9, the other end of the inductor L9 is connected with one end of the capacitor C9 and one end of the capacitor C9, and a power supply, the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the capacitor C9 are grounded, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with one end of the inductor L9, the other end of the inductor L9 and one end of the capacitor C9 are connected with one end of the capacitor C9, the other end of the inductor L9 is grounded, the other end of the inductor L5 is connected with an antenna ANT.
Furthermore, a pin 4 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of a capacitor C10 and connected to a VDD power supply, the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded, a pin 6 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of a capacitor C11, and the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected to a pin 7 of the wireless module chip U5 and the VDD power supply;
the 9 pin of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with the 21 pin of the MCU chip U8, the 10 pin of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of a capacitor C31, one end of a resistor R2 and one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the capacitor C31 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the 22 pin of the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the 23 pin of the MCU chip U8;
the 13 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 3 feet of the crystal oscillator X3 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the 14 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 1 foot of the crystal oscillator X3 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the 15 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 15 feet of the MCU chip U8, the 16 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 24 feet of one end of a capacitor C12 and the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded.
Further, the 485 communication module comprises a 485 communication chip U9, a pin 1 of the 485 communication chip U9 is connected with one end of a capacitor C58 and a pin 17 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C58 is grounded, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the 485 communication chip U9 are connected with one end of a capacitor C55 and a pin 8 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C55 is grounded, a pin 4 of the 485 communication chip U9 is connected with one end of a capacitor C54 and a pin 16 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C54 is grounded, a pin 8 of the 485 communication chip U54 is connected with one end of a capacitor C54, one end of a capacitor C54 and one end of a capacitor C54, and a power supply are connected with a VCC, the other end of the capacitor C54, the other end of the capacitor C54 and the other end of the capacitor C54 are grounded, a pin 6 of the common mode inductor T54 is connected with a pin 1 of a common mode inductor T54, a common mode diode s 54 is connected with a common mode T54, a common mode inductor T54 is connected with a common mode diode s 54 One end of the TVS diode V3 and the pin 1 of the interface P2, the pin 4 of the common mode inductor T1 is connected with the other end of the TVS diode V2, one end of the TVS diode V1 and the pin 2 of the interface P2, and the other end of the TVS diode V1 is connected with the other end of the TVS diode V3.
A method for realizing a control system of a motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking comprises the following steps:
step S101, tracking the sun, starting, initializing various basic parameters according to the stored information, and entering step S102 after the operation is finished;
step S102, judging whether the mode is a manual mode, if not, entering step S103, if the mode is the manual mode, manually debugging parameters, and then entering step S103;
step S103, judging whether the host computer is operated, if so, entering step S104, and if not, entering step S105;
step S104, judging whether the weather is bad weather such as cloudy days, rain, snow or strong wind, if so, entering step S106, and if not, entering step S107;
step S106, resetting the target angle a, and adjusting the tracking support to a corresponding position in a rotating manner;
step S107, acquiring GPS information, calculating a target angle a according to the sun azimuth angle, and entering step S108 after the target angle a is calculated;
step S108, sending and receiving slave information through wireless communication with a slave, and entering step S109 after the slave information is finished;
step S109, the driving motor makes the actual bracket angle b consistent with the target angle.
Step S105, judging the slave machine, receiving information such as the target angle through wireless communication with the host machine, sending the slave machine information, and entering step S109 after the completion.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the system comprises two independent operation systems, namely a host operation system and a slave operation system, wherein the host operation system and the slave operation system can independently support single-shaft photovoltaic tracking operation, the extended meteorological function, the GPS function and the like of the host operation system, the slave operation system can be not installed, and data of the extended function can be directly read from the host operation system, so that the functions are ensured, the cost is saved, the data between the two operation systems can be mutually transmitted, the data loss is prevented, and the operation life of the control system is prolonged.
The control system provided by the invention automatically adjusts along with the angle of the sun, rotates once at about 0.5-2 degrees and once at about 5 minutes, has high rotation frequency, and has higher precision rate of following the sun than the existing photovoltaic control technology.
Brushless motor adopts MOSFET control drive, compares in relay and brush motor, has improved the life of motor greatly to maintenance and maintenance are more convenient. In the aspect of signal transmission, compared with the 2.4G frequency band, the adopted 433M frequency band wireless transmission is cleaner, the signal penetration is stronger, the transmission distance is longer, and the anti-interference capability and the sensitivity are greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a master control module according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the motor output module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a wireless module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a clock module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a 485 communication module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of implementing the present invention.
Detailed Description
The main control module comprises an MCU chip U8, wherein a pin 5 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a capacitor C60 and a pin 3 of a crystal oscillator X1, a pin 6 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a capacitor C61 and a pin 1 of the crystal oscillator X1, and the other end of the crystal oscillator X1, the other end of the capacitor C60 and the other end of the capacitor C61 are grounded.
The pin 61 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a button switch S1 and one end of a resistor R23, the pin 61 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a button switch S2 and one end of a resistor R24, the other end of the resistor R24 and the other end of the resistor R23 are connected with +3.3V, and the other end of the button switch S1 and the other end of the button switch S2 are grounded.
The pin 9 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 3 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R40, the pin 10 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 4 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R41, the pin 11 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 5 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R42, the pin 1 of the LED interface LED-1 is connected with +5V, and the pin 2 of the LED interface LED-1 is grounded.
The 59 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 3 feet of the GPS interface, the 58 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 2 feet of the GPS interface, the 1 foot of the GPS interface is connected with a VCC power supply, the 2 feet of the GPS interface are grounded, the 46 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 2 feet of one end of a resistor R3 and an interface P1, the 49 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 3 feet of one end of the resistor R4 and an interface P1, the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the resistor R4 are connected with +3.3V, and the 1 foot of the interface P1 is connected with + 5V.
The 15 feet of MCU chip U8 are connected with electric capacity C28 one end, electric capacity C28 other end ground connection, MCU chip U8's 26 feet are connected with electric capacity C27 one end, electric capacity C27 other end ground connection, MCU chip U8's 21 feet are connected with electric capacity C30 one end, electric capacity C30 other end ground connection, MCU chip U8's 20 feet are connected with electric capacity C29 one end, electric capacity C29 other end ground connection.
The pin 7 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a capacitor C21 and one end of a resistor R29, the other end of the capacitor C21 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R29 is connected with + 3.3V.
The main control module further comprises an LED driving LED-F3, a pin 0 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor 10, a pin 2 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, a pin 4 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor 10, the other end of a resistor R11 and the other end of a resistor R12 are connected with a VCC power supply, a pin 1 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with a collector of a triode Q6, an emitter of the triode Q6 is grounded, a base of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R36 and one end of a resistor R37, the other end of the resistor R37 is grounded, the other end of a resistor R36 is connected with a pin 57 of an MCU chip U8, a pin 3 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with a collector of a triode Q5, an emitter of the triode Q5 is grounded, a base of the triode Q5 is connected with one end of a resistor R34 and one end of a resistor R34, the pin 5 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with the collector of a triode Q4, the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded, the base of the triode Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R32 and one end of a resistor R33, the other end of the resistor R33 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with a pin 2 of an MCU chip U8.
The motor output module comprises an amplifier chip U14 for detecting the current magnitude of a sampling resistor, wherein pin 1 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv4, one end of the resistor Rv1 and one end of a capacitor CV1, the other end of the resistor Rv4 is connected with one end of a diode D7, one end of a diode D6 and pin 14 of the MCU chip U8, pin 3 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv2, the other end of the resistor Rv2 is connected with one end of a capacitor CV3 and the other end of a MOSMOS chip U1, the other end of the capacitor CV3 is grounded, pin 4 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv3, the other end of a capacitor CV1 and the other end of a resistor Rv1, the other end of the resistor Rv3 is grounded, pin 5 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a capacitor CV2 and connected with a VDDA power supply, and the other end of the capacitor CV2 is grounded.
The motor output module further comprises a triode Q10, a collector of the triode Q10 is connected with one end of a resistor R78, the other end of the resistor R78 is connected with a pin 4 of an MOS chip U1 and one end of a resistor R77, the other end of the resistor R77 is connected with 24V, a base of the triode Q10 is connected with one end of a resistor R75 and one end of a resistor R76, the other end of the resistor R75 is connected with one end of a capacitor C33 and a pin 41 of an MCU chip U8, and the other end of the resistor R76, the other end of the capacitor C33 and an emitter of the triode Q10 are grounded.
The motor output module further comprises a triode Q11, a collector of the triode Q11 is connected with one end of a resistor R82, the other end of the resistor R82 is connected with a pin 4 of an MOS chip U2 and one end of a resistor R81, the other end of the resistor R81 is connected with 24V, a base of the triode Q11 is connected with one end of a resistor R79 and one end of a resistor R80, the other end of the resistor R79 is connected with one end of a capacitor C34 and a pin 42 of an MCU chip U8, and the other end of the resistor R80, the other end of the capacitor C34 and an emitter of the triode Q11 are grounded.
The motor output module further comprises a triode Q12, a collector of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of a resistor R86, the other end of the resistor R86 is connected with a pin 4 of an MOS chip U3 and one end of a resistor R85, the other end of the resistor R85 is connected with 24V, a base of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of the resistor R83 and one end of a resistor R84, the other end of the resistor R83 is connected with one end of a capacitor C35 and a pin 43 of the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the resistor 84, the other end of the capacitor C35 and an emitter of the triode Q12 are grounded.
The motor output module further comprises a triode Q1, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the pin 2 of the MOS chip U1 and one end of a resistor R56, the other end of the resistor R56 is connected with a VCC power supply, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R54 and one end of the resistor R55, the other end of the resistor R54 is connected with one end of a capacitor C36 and the pin 34 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the resistor R55, the other end of the capacitor C36 and the emitter of the triode Q1 are grounded.
The motor output module further comprises a triode Q3, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the pin 2 of the MOS chip U2 and one end of a resistor R63, the other end of the resistor R63 is connected with a VCC power supply, the base of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of the resistor R61 and one end of the resistor R62, the other end of the resistor R61 is connected with one end of a capacitor C37 and the pin 35 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the resistor R62, the other end of the capacitor C37 and the emitter of the triode Q3 are grounded.
The motor output module further comprises a triode Q8, the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the pin 2 of the MOS chip U3 and one end of a resistor R70, the other end of the resistor R70 is connected with a VCC power supply, the base of the triode Q8 is connected with one end of the resistor R69 and one end of the resistor R68, the other end of the resistor R68 is connected with one end of a capacitor C38 and the pin 36 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the resistor R69, the other end of the capacitor C38 and the emitter of the triode Q8 are grounded.
The motor output module further comprises an interface HALL, 1 pin of the interface HALL is connected with a VCC power supply, 2 pins of the interface HALL are connected with one end of a resistor R88, one end of a capacitor C47 and one end of a resistor R89, the other end of the resistor R88 and the other end of the capacitor C47 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R89 is connected with 50 pins of an MCU chip U8, 3 pins of the interface HALL are connected with one end of a resistor R91, one end of a capacitor C48 and one end of a resistor R92, the other end of the resistor R91 and the other end of the capacitor C48 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R92 is connected with 44 pins of the MCU chip U8, 4 pins of the interface HALL are connected with one end of a resistor R94, one end of the capacitor C49 and one end of a resistor R95, the other end of the resistor R94 and the other end of the capacitor C49 are grounded, and the other end of the resistor R95 is connected with 45 pins of the MCU chip U8.
The power module comprises a voltage reduction type DCDC chip U7, wherein a pin 1 of the voltage reduction type DCDC chip U7 is connected with one end of a capacitor C69 and one end of a diode D1, and is connected with +24V, the other end of the capacitor C69 is grounded, the other end of the diode D1 is connected with a 24_ IN power supply, a pin 2 of the voltage reduction type DCDC chip U7 is connected with one end of a diode D2 and one end of an inductor L10, the other end of the diode D2 is grounded, the other end of the inductor L10 is connected with one end of a capacitor C71 and one end of a capacitor C70, and is connected with +5V, the other end of the capacitor C71 and the other end of the capacitor C70 are grounded, and a pin 4 of the voltage reduction type DCDC chip U7 is connected with + 5V.
The power supply module further comprises an LDO linear voltage regulation chip U6, wherein 3 pins of the LDO linear voltage regulation chip U6 are connected with one end of a capacitor 72 and connected with +5V, 2 pins of the LDO linear voltage regulation chip U6 are connected with one end of a capacitor C25 and one end of a capacitor C73 and output +3.3V, and 1 pin of the LDO linear voltage regulation chip U6, the other end of the capacitor C25 and the other end of the capacitor C73 are grounded.
The wireless module comprises a wireless module chip U5, wherein a pin 1 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of an inductor L8, one end of an inductor L9 and one end of a capacitor C19, the other end of the inductor L9 is grounded, a pin 2 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of an inductor L7, one end of a capacitor C6 and the other end of an inductor L8, the other end of a capacitor C6 is grounded, a pin 3 of a MOS chip U3 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a capacitor C3, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a capacitor C8, and the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the capacitor C8 are grounded, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with one end of a capacitor C18 and one end of an inductor L3, the other end of the inductor L3, the other end of the inductor L7 and the other end of the capacitor C17 are connected with one end of an inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C5 and one end of an inductor L5, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, and the other end of the inductor L5 is connected with an antenna ANT.
The 4 pins of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with one end of a capacitor C10 and connected with a VDD power supply, the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded, the 6 pins of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with one end of a capacitor C11, and the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the 7 pins of the wireless module chip U5 and the VDD power supply.
The 9 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with 21 feet of the MCU chip U8, the 10 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with one end of a capacitor C31, one end of a resistor R2 and one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the capacitor C31 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with 22 feet of the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with 23 feet of the MCU chip U8.
The 13 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 3 feet of the crystal oscillator X3 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the 14 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 1 foot of the crystal oscillator X3 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the 15 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 15 feet of the MCU chip U8, the 16 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 24 feet of one end of a capacitor C12 and the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded.
The clock module comprises a clock chip U4, wherein a pin 1 of the clock chip U4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C56, one end of a capacitor C7 and one end of a capacitor C26, and is connected with a VDD power supply, the other end of a capacitor C56, the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the capacitor C26 are grounded, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the clock chip U4 are connected with a crystal oscillator X2, a pin 5 of the clock chip U4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C44 and a pin 55 of an MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C44 is grounded, a pin 6 of the clock chip U4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C43 and a pin 54 of an MCU chip U8, the other end of a capacitor C43 is grounded, a pin 7 of the clock chip U4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C42 and a pin 53 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of a capacitor C42 is grounded, and a pin 8 of the clock chip U4 is connected with a pin 1 of the MCU chip U8.
The 485 communication module comprises a 485 communication chip U9, a pin 1 of a 485 communication chip U9 is connected with one end of a capacitor C58 and a pin 17 of an MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C58 is grounded, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the 485 communication chip U9 are connected with one end of a capacitor C55 and a pin 8 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C55 is grounded, a pin 4 of the 485 communication chip U9 is connected with one end of a capacitor C54 and a pin 16 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C54 is grounded, a pin 8 of the 485 communication chip U54 is connected with one end of a capacitor C54, one end of a capacitor C54 and one end of a capacitor C54, and one end of a capacitor C54 are connected with a VCC power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C54 and the other end of the capacitor C54 are grounded, a pin 6 of the other end of the capacitor C54 and the common mode communication chip U54 is connected with a pin 1 of an inductor T54, a common mode diode S54, a pin 7 of the common mode T54 is connected with a common mode diode S54, a common mode diode S54 is connected with one end of the common mode T54, One end of the TVS diode V3 and the pin 1 of the interface P2, the pin 4 of the common mode inductor T1 is connected with the other end of the TVS diode V2, one end of the TVS diode V1 and the pin 2 of the interface P2, and the other end of the TVS diode V1 is connected with the other end of the TVS diode V3.
As shown in fig. 7, an implementation method of a control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking includes the following steps:
step S101, tracking the sun, starting, initializing various basic parameters according to the stored information, and entering step S102 after the operation is finished;
step S102, judging whether the mode is a manual mode, if not, entering step S103, if the mode is the manual mode, manually debugging parameters, and then entering step S103;
step S103, judging whether the host computer is operated, if so, entering step S104, and if not, entering step S105;
step S104, judging whether the weather is bad weather such as cloudy days, rain, snow or strong wind, if so, entering step S106, and if not, entering step S107;
step S106, resetting the target angle a, tracking the rotation of the support to adjust to a corresponding position, determining the windy weather through wind speed detection, leveling the assembly when the assembly runs in the windy weather, reducing resistance, protecting the safety of the photovoltaic assembly, inclining the photovoltaic assembly to a maximum angle when rain or rain is detected by a rain and snow sensor, brushing the assembly by rain, and preventing snow from damaging the photovoltaic assembly when snow falls;
step S107, acquiring GPS information, and calculating a target angle a according to the sun azimuth, wherein the specific calculation of the target angle a is a known technology, which is not detailed here, and the step S108 is performed after the calculation is completed;
step S108, sending and receiving slave information through wireless communication with a slave, and entering step S109 after the slave information is finished;
step S109, the driving motor makes the actual bracket angle b consistent with the target angle.
Step S105, judging the slave machine, receiving information such as the target angle through wireless communication with the host machine, sending the slave machine information, and entering step S109 after the completion.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a control system of unipolar photovoltaic tracking motor which characterized in that: the system comprises a host running system and a slave running system, wherein the host running system and the slave running system respectively comprise a master control module, a clock module, a 485 communication module, a motor output module, a power module and a wireless module, the master control module is connected with the clock module, the motor output module and the wireless module, the power module is used for converting 24V input voltage into 5V and 3.3V to provide power for each module, the master control module is used for controlling the running of the whole system, the clock module is used for providing clock information for the master control module, the motor output module is used for receiving control signals of the master control module, a 6-step reversing circuit of 3-phase half-bridge is constructed, an MOS chip is controlled to drive a DC brushless motor, the wireless module is used for receiving and sending wireless signals, the wireless module is communicated with the master control module and converts the information into wireless signals with the frequency of 433M, and the information exchange is carried out between the host running system and the slave running system through the receiving and sending of the wireless signals, the 485 communication module is used for communicating with the outside, and the control system is connected to the weather station through the 485 module to monitor the environment.
2. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main control module comprises an MCU chip U8, a pin 61 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a button switch S1 and one end of a resistor R23, the pin 61 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with one end of a button switch S2 and one end of a resistor R24, the other ends of the resistor R24 and the resistor R23 are connected with +3.3V, and the other ends of the button switch S1 and the button switch S2 are grounded;
the pin 9 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 3 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R40, the pin 10 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 4 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R41, the pin 11 of the MCU chip U8 is connected with the pin 5 of the LED interface LED-1 and one end of a resistor R42, the pin 1 of the LED interface LED-1 is connected with +5V, and the pin 2 of the LED interface LED-1 is grounded;
the 59 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 3 feet of the GPS interface, the 58 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 2 feet of the GPS interface, the 1 foot of the GPS interface is connected with a VCC power supply, the 2 feet of the GPS interface are grounded, the 46 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 2 feet of one end of a resistor R3 and an interface P1, the 49 feet of the MCU chip U8 are connected with the 3 feet of one end of the resistor R4 and an interface P1, the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the resistor R4 are connected with +3.3V, and the 1 foot of the interface P1 is connected with + 5V.
3. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: the main control module further comprises an LED driving LED-F3, a pin 0 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor 10, a pin 2 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, a pin 4 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor 10, the other end of a resistor R11 and the other end of a resistor R12 are connected with a VCC power supply, a pin 1 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with a collector of a triode Q6, an emitter of the triode Q6 is grounded, a base of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R36 and one end of a resistor R37, the other end of the resistor R37 is grounded, the other end of a resistor R36 is connected with a pin 57 of an MCU chip U8, a pin 3 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with a collector of a triode Q5, an emitter of the triode Q5 is grounded, a base of the triode Q5 is connected with one end of a resistor R34 and one end of a resistor R34, the pin 5 of the LED driving LED-F3 is connected with the collector of a triode Q4, the emitter of the triode Q4 is grounded, the base of the triode Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R32 and one end of a resistor R33, the other end of the resistor R33 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with a pin 2 of an MCU chip U8.
4. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: the motor output module comprises an amplifier chip U14 for detecting the current of a sampling resistor, wherein a pin 1 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv4, one end of the resistor Rv1 and one end of a capacitor CV1, the other end of the resistor Rv4 is connected with one end of a diode D7, one end of a diode D6 and a pin 14 of the MCU chip U8, a pin 3 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv2, the other end of the resistor Rv2 is connected with one end of a capacitor CV3 and the pin 1 of the MOSMOS chip U1, the other end of the capacitor CV3 is grounded, a pin 4 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a resistor Rv3, the other end of a capacitor CV1 and the other end of a resistor Rv1, the other end of the resistor Rv3 is grounded, a pin 5 of the amplifier chip U14 is connected with one end of a capacitor CV2 and connected with a VDDA power supply, and the other end of the capacitor CV2 is grounded.
5. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: the motor output module further comprises a 6-step reversing circuit, each step of reversing circuit of the 6-step reversing circuit comprises a triode, a collector of the triode is connected with an MOS chip through a resistor, and a base of the triode is connected with an MCU chip U8 through a resistor.
6. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: the motor output module further comprises an interface HALL, 1 pin of the interface HALL is connected with a VCC power supply, 2 pins of the interface HALL are connected with one end of a resistor R88, one end of a capacitor C47 and one end of a resistor R89, the other end of the resistor R88 and the other end of the capacitor C47 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R89 is connected with 50 pins of an MCU chip U8, 3 pins of the interface HALL are connected with one end of a resistor R91, one end of a capacitor C48 and one end of a resistor R92, the other end of the resistor R91 and the other end of the capacitor C48 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R92 is connected with 44 pins of the MCU chip U8, 4 pins of the interface HALL are connected with one end of a resistor R94, one end of the capacitor C49 and one end of a resistor R95, the other end of the resistor R94 and the other end of the capacitor C49 are grounded, and the other end of the resistor R95 is connected with 45 pins of the MCU chip U8.
7. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wireless module comprises a wireless module chip U5, wherein a pin 1 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of an inductor L8, one end of an inductor L9 and one end of a capacitor C19, the other end of the inductor L9 is grounded, a pin 2 of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of an inductor L7, one end of a capacitor C6 and the other end of an inductor L8, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, a pin 3 of an MOS chip U3 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a capacitor C3, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a capacitor C8, and the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the capacitor C8 are grounded, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with one end of a capacitor C18 and one end of an inductor L3, the other end of the inductor L3, the other end of the inductor L7 and the other end of the capacitor C17 are connected with one end of an inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C5 and one end of an inductor L5, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, and the other end of the inductor L5 is connected with an antenna ANT.
8. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 7, characterized in that: the 4 pins of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with one end of a capacitor C10 and connected with a VDD power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded, the 6 pin of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of a capacitor C11, and the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the 7 pin of the wireless module chip U5 and the VDD power supply in parallel;
the 9 pin of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with the 21 pin of the MCU chip U8, the 10 pin of the wireless module chip U5 is connected with one end of a capacitor C31, one end of a resistor R2 and one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the capacitor C31 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the 22 pin of the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the 23 pin of the MCU chip U8;
the 13 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 3 feet of the crystal oscillator X3 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the 14 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 1 foot of the crystal oscillator X3 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the 15 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 15 feet of the MCU chip U8, the 16 feet of the wireless module chip U5 are connected with the 24 feet of one end of a capacitor C12 and the MCU chip U8, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is grounded.
9. The control system of a motor for single-axis photovoltaic tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: the 485 communication module comprises a 485 communication chip U9, a pin 1 of a 485 communication chip U9 is connected with one end of a capacitor C58 and a pin 17 of an MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C58 is grounded, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the 485 communication chip U9 are connected with one end of a capacitor C55 and a pin 8 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C55 is grounded, a pin 4 of the 485 communication chip U9 is connected with one end of a capacitor C54 and a pin 16 of the MCU chip U8, the other end of the capacitor C54 is grounded, a pin 8 of the 485 communication chip U54 is connected with one end of a capacitor C54, one end of a capacitor C54 and one end of a capacitor C54, and one end of a capacitor C54 are connected with a VCC power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C54 and the other end of the capacitor C54 are grounded, a pin 6 of the other end of the capacitor C54 and the common mode communication chip U54 is connected with a pin 1 of an inductor T54, a common mode diode S54, a pin 7 of the common mode T54 is connected with a common mode diode S54, a common mode diode S54 is connected with one end of the common mode T54, One end of the TVS diode V3 and the pin 1 of the interface P2, the pin 4 of the common mode inductor T1 is connected with the other end of the TVS diode V2, one end of the TVS diode V1 and the pin 2 of the interface P2, and the other end of the TVS diode V1 is connected with the other end of the TVS diode V3.
10. A realization method of a control system of a motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking is characterized in that: the implementation method is applied to the control system of the motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
step S101, tracking the sun, starting, initializing various basic parameters according to the stored information, and entering step S102 after the operation is finished;
step S102, judging whether the mode is a manual mode, if not, entering step S103, if the mode is the manual mode, manually debugging parameters, and then entering step S103;
step S103, judging whether the host computer is operated, if so, entering step S104, and if not, entering step S105;
step S104, judging whether the weather is bad weather such as cloudy weather, rain, snow or strong wind, if so, entering step S106, and if not, entering step S107;
step S106, resetting the target angle a, and adjusting the tracking support to a corresponding position in a rotating manner;
step S107, acquiring GPS information, calculating a target angle a according to the sun azimuth angle, and entering step S108 after the target angle a is calculated;
step S108, sending and receiving slave information through wireless communication with a slave, and entering step S109 after the slave information is finished;
step S109, driving a motor to enable the actual bracket angle b to be consistent with a target angle;
step S105, judging the slave machine, receiving information such as the target angle through wireless communication with the host machine, sending the slave machine information, and entering step S109 after the completion.
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| CN202210763358.4A CN114839918A (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Control system of motor for single-shaft photovoltaic tracking and implementation method thereof |
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