Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an accelerator ground system based on EMC and a design method thereof, which can achieve both safety protection and electromagnetic compatibility.
The accelerator ground system based on EMC comprises a general ground network, a process ground network, a grounding well and a process ground network, wherein the general ground network is arranged on a general equipment side and is used for connecting the general equipment with the general ground network through a low-voltage distribution system of a distribution room to realize safe grounding, the process ground network is laid nearby the process distribution equipment and is used for connecting the process equipment with the process ground network through a grounding box, the process ground network is used for realizing differential grounding through the grounding box, and the grounding well is used for connecting the general ground network with the process ground network to realize high-frequency isolation and power frequency combination between the general ground network and the process ground network and is used as grounding points.
Further, the universal ground net is formed by connecting a plurality of horizontal grounding poles and a plurality of vertical grounding poles, a grounding leading-out point is formed at the connecting position of the horizontal grounding poles and the vertical grounding poles, and a lead wire extending out after the connection of the grounding leading-out points is connected with one end of the grounding well.
Further, at least the head end, the tail end and the middle position of the general ground screen are respectively provided with the grounding well connected with the process ground screen.
Further, the process ground net is formed by connecting construction steel bars and manual grounding poles of the process equipment, the accelerator tunnel with each other to form a cage-shaped ground net, process grounding leading-out points are formed at connecting points, and a lead wire extending out after the process grounding leading-out points are connected is connected with the other end of the grounding well.
Further, the grounding box adopts a process power distribution cabinet or a process power distribution box;
the process distribution cabinet or the process distribution box is internally provided with a process ground row and a filtering unit besides original components, the process ground row is installed on a cabinet body or a box body in an insulating mode, one end of the process ground row is connected with the process ground grid, the other end of the process ground row is connected with one end of a first PE row in the process distribution cabinet or the process distribution box through the filtering unit, and the other end of the first PE row is connected with a second PE row in a power cabinet in the distribution room.
Further, the ground well comprises a filtering unit and a fastener;
The filtering unit is fixed at the position to be installed through the fastening piece, and the grounding well is led out into the foundation well.
Further, the filtering unit comprises a magnetic ring and a grounding cable;
The magnetic ring is wound with the grounding cable, the grounding cable positioned on the magnetic ring forms a winding cable, and two ends of the grounding cable respectively extend to the outside of the magnetic ring to form connecting ends for connecting the universal grounding network and the process grounding network.
A design method for realizing the above EMC-based accelerator ground system, comprising:
classifying the equipment of the accelerator into general equipment, general process equipment and sensitive process equipment;
laying a grounding grid according to the equipment classification result, laying a process grounding grid between the accelerator beam line and the process equipment, and laying a universal grounding grid along the periphery of the building and at a distance from the edge of the process grounding grid not smaller than a preset interval;
the universal ground screen and the process ground screen are connected through a filtering unit in the grounding well, so that joint grounding is realized, and high-frequency noise between the universal ground screen and the process ground screen is isolated.
Further, each PE row in the power distribution room is connected to a common ground network through a common row MEB, and the common equipment is connected to the common ground network through the PE row in the power distribution room;
The process equipment is connected to the process ground network nearby through the process ground row in the grounding box under normal working conditions, wherein general process equipment and sensitive process equipment are respectively connected to the process ground network through different grounding boxes;
When the process equipment has a grounding fault, the process ground network is connected in a repeated grounding mode on the equipment side according to TN-S.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of independent grounding outgoing lines are arranged on the process ground network, and each grounding outgoing line is used for being connected with each grounding box, so that differentiation and nearby grounding of process equipment are realized.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. According to the invention, the ground network is laid in a partition mode, and the power frequency combined grounding and the high-frequency independent grounding are realized through the grounding well and the filtering unit thereof, so that the influence of the general grounding system on process equipment is relieved.
2. The filtering unit adopted by the invention has the advantages of simple scheme, economy, high engineering application degree, good inhibition effect on high-frequency interference on the ground wire and no influence on the ground protection of the power distribution system.
3. The differential grounding scheme is adopted, the process equipment is grounded nearby through the process grounding box and the filtering unit, the ground wire impedance is relatively reduced, the interference problem caused by common ground impedance of different equipment is relieved, the differential grounding is realized by setting a special grounding lead-out point according to the sensitivity of the process equipment, the ground wire interference problem among the equipment is relieved, and meanwhile, the safety protection performance is improved according to the repeated grounding mode of TN-S on the equipment side.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The accelerator ground wire system based on EMC and the design method thereof comprise a universal ground wire which is arranged on a universal equipment side and is a main ground wire of the universal equipment, wherein the universal equipment is connected with the universal ground wire through a low-voltage distribution system of a distribution room to realize safe ground, a process ground wire which is laid nearby the process distribution equipment and is a main ground wire of the process distribution equipment, the process equipment is connected with the process ground wire through a grounding box, differential ground is realized through the grounding box, and a grounding well is used for connecting the universal ground wire and the process ground wire to realize high-frequency isolation and power frequency combination between the universal ground wire and the process ground wire and serve as a grounding test point. The invention can give consideration to the safety protection and electromagnetic compatibility.
In one embodiment of the invention, an EMC-based accelerator ground system is provided. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes:
the universal ground network 1 is arranged at the side of universal equipment and is a main ground network of the universal equipment, and the universal equipment is connected with the universal ground network 1 through a low-voltage power distribution system of the power distribution room 2 to realize safe ground;
The process grounding grid 6 is laid nearby the process power distribution equipment and is a main grounding grid of the process power distribution equipment, and the process equipment is connected with the process grounding grid through the grounding box 5 to realize repeated grounding and improve the safety performance;
The grounding well 3 is used for connecting the universal grounding net 1 and the process grounding net 6, realizing high-frequency isolation and power frequency combination between the universal grounding net 1 and the process grounding net 6, and being used as a grounding test point.
In the above embodiment, the universal ground net 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of horizontal grounding electrodes 1.2 and a plurality of vertical grounding electrodes 1.3, and a grounding lead-out point 1.1 is formed at the connection position of the horizontal grounding electrode 1.2 and the vertical grounding electrode 1.3, and a lead wire extending out after the connection of each grounding lead-out point 1.1 is connected with one end of the grounding well 3.
The general equipment is connected with a second PE row 2.3 in a power cabinet 2.2 in the power distribution room 2, the second PE row 2.3 in each power cabinet 2.2 is connected with a general MEB 2.1, and the general MEB 2.1 is connected with a general ground network 1.
In the above embodiment, at least the head end, the tail end and the middle position of the universal ground net 1 are respectively provided with the grounding well 3 connected with the process ground net 6, and the grounding well 3 is used for combined grounding and grounding performance test.
In the embodiment, the process grounding grid 6 is formed by connecting construction steel bars of process equipment, accelerator tunnels and manual grounding poles to form a cage-type grounding grid, so that the investment of the grounding grid is effectively reduced, shielding is formed for external interference, process grounding leading-out points are formed at connecting points, and a lead wire extending out after the process grounding leading-out points are connected is connected with the other end of the grounding well 3.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the grounding box 5 is a process distribution box or a process distribution box. The process distribution cabinet or the process distribution box is internally provided with a process ground row 5.1 and a filtering unit 4 besides original components, the process ground row 5.1 is installed on a cabinet body or a box body in an insulating mode, one end of the process ground row 5.1 is connected with a process ground grid 6, the other end of the process ground row 5.1 is connected with one end of a first PE row 5.5 in the process distribution cabinet or the process distribution box through the filtering unit 4, and the other end of the first PE row 5.5 is connected with a second PE row 2.3 in a power cabinet 2.2 in the distribution room 2.
The two ends of the technical ground row 5.1 are respectively arranged on the cross beam 5.3 of the cabinet body or the box body through insulators 5.2, and are also arranged on the cross beam 5.3 of the first PE row 5.5, and the two ends of the cross beam 5.3 are fixed on the cabinet body or the box body through fastening bolts 5.4. N rows 5.6 are arranged on the adjacent cross beams 5.3.
Preferably, general process equipment and sensitive process equipment in the process equipment are respectively connected with different grounding boxes 5, so that differential grounding is realized, and the safety performance is improved.
In the above embodiment, the grounding well 3 comprises the filtering unit 4 and the fastening piece, the filtering unit 4 is fixed at the position to be installed through the fastening piece, and the grounding well 3 is led out into the foundation well. The foundation well refers to a civil engineering part (including a well cover) of a grounding well (such as an electric well and a water well on a road commonly) and is built by using masonry and cement.
In the above embodiment, the grounding well 3 is used for the "power frequency equipotential and high frequency isolation" treatment between the general ground net 1 and the process ground net 6, and can also be used for grounding net resistance test, grounding function expansion and the like at ordinary times.
In the above embodiment, the filtering unit 4 is configured to implement filtering between ground grids and between ground wires. As shown in fig. 3, the filter unit 4 comprises a magnetic loop 4.2 and a ground cable 4.1. The magnetic ring 4.2 is wound with the grounding cable 4.1, the grounding cable 4.1 positioned on the magnetic ring 4.2 forms the winding cable 4.3, and two ends of the grounding cable 4.1 respectively extend to the outside of the magnetic ring 4.2 to form connecting ends for connecting the universal ground net 1 and the process ground net 6.
Preferably, the grounding cable 4.1 adopts a grounding soft copper cable with an insulating sheath, the conductor section of the grounding soft copper cable is not more than 10mm 2 in order to ensure the engineering feasibility, and the current capacity of the grounding cable 4.1 can be increased by connecting multiple groups of filter units 4 in parallel. In this example, the magnetic ring 4.2 is a high performance magnetic ring, such as an amorphous magnetic ring with a large aperture.
In the embodiment, equipotential lap joints are adopted among all parts in the process grounding system so as to improve the safety performance.
In the above embodiment, the process grounding lead-out point may be led out in a nearby process power distribution cabinet or process power distribution cabinet, general process equipment, sensitive process equipment, etc. in a nearby, multi-point, independent manner to realize differential grounding.
In the above embodiment, the ground well 3 is provided depending on the position of the distribution room 2. To further reduce the disturbances, the general equipment and the process equipment are supplied by different power cabinets 2.2, preferably the power cabinets of different kinds of equipment can be supplied separately by dedicated transformers.
In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for designing an accelerator ground system based on EMC, which is used to implement the accelerator ground system in the above embodiments. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the method includes the following steps:
1) Classifying the equipment of the accelerator into general equipment, general process equipment and sensitive process equipment;
the general equipment comprises a water cooling system, a ventilation and air conditioning system, building electricity and the like, the general process equipment comprises a magnet and a power supply, a vacuum, high-frequency, ion source and other functional systems thereof, and the sensitive process equipment comprises a beam diagnosis, control and network and other weak signal control and detection systems.
2) The grounding grid is laid according to the device classification result, the process grounding grid 6 is laid along the accelerator beam line and the process device (namely the installation area of the accelerator main device), and grounding leading-out points are arranged nearby according to the requirement;
The preset interval is preferably 10m in the embodiment, and when the preset interval cannot be met due to space limitation, the interference problem caused by high-voltage discharge can be relieved by replacing high-resistivity soil between the two ground grids.
3) The general ground net 1 and the process ground net 6 are connected through the filtering unit 4 in the ground well 3 to realize joint grounding and filter high-frequency noise so as to isolate the high-frequency noise between the interference of the high-frequency noise of the general ground net 1 to the process ground net 6;
In the above embodiment, the horizontal ground poles of the universal ground net 1 and the process ground net 6 are led to the ground wells 3, the ground wells 3 are preferably sized for personnel to maintain, and the distribution of the ground wells 3 is set according to the number of distribution rooms 2 or according to the need.
In the above embodiment, each second PE row 2.3 in the distribution room 2 is connected to the common counterpoise 1 via the common row MEB 2.1, and the common equipment is connected to the common counterpoise 1 via the second PE row 2.3 in the distribution room 2.
The process equipment is connected to the process ground network 6 nearby through the process ground row 5.1 in the grounding box 5 under normal working conditions, wherein general process equipment and sensitive process equipment are respectively connected to the process ground network 6 through different grounding boxes 5;
When the process equipment has a ground fault, the process ground network 6 is connected in a repeated grounding mode on the equipment side according to TN-S.
In the above embodiment, the process ground net 6 is provided with a plurality of groups of independent grounding outgoing lines, and each grounding outgoing line is used for connecting each grounding box 5, so as to realize differentiation and nearby grounding of process equipment.
In the above embodiment, the filter unit 4 is designed such that the filter unit 4 is used for high frequency isolation, and comprises a high performance magnetic ring 4.2 and a grounding cable 4.1 wound thereon. When high-frequency interference is caused on the ground network or the ground wire, the purpose of reducing the noise level is achieved through the absorption of the magnetic ring 4.2.
The filtering unit 4 is composed of one or more groups of high-performance magnetic rings 4.2 and a grounding cable 4.1 which are connected in parallel. The choice of material for the magnet ring 4.2 is determined by the suppression frequency and the magnet ring size.
When the grounding cable 4.1 is wound on the magnetic ring 4.2, the relation between the magnetic ring inductance L and the number of turns N is as follows:
where μ 0 is vacuum permeability, μ 0=4π×10-7 (H/m), μ is relative permeability, N is the number of turns of the coil, and c 0 is the core constant. For an outer diameter D, an inner diameter D, a magnetic ring of length h, the magnetic core constant is:
When the magnetic ring 4.2 is sleeved on the grounding cable 4.1, the magnetic ring impedance can be calculated as follows:
the specification of the magnetic ring is that N is the number of turns of the coil, the outer diameter D, the inner diameter D, the length h and Z are the required impedance.
In the above embodiment, the process equipment is grounded through the process ground bank 5.1, and for sensitive process equipment or systems, special grounding points and power distribution cabinets (boxes) are arranged as required.
The method provided in this embodiment is used to implement the above system embodiments, and specific flow and details refer to the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.