CN114801697A - Plug-in hybrid heavy tractor chassis - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a plug-in hybrid power heavy-duty tractor chassis, which has a front axle, a middle axle and a drive axle that are sequentially arranged on the frame from front to rear; an engine is arranged at the center of the upper part of the front axle; The gearbox, the drive shaft of the middle axle and the intermediate drive shaft of the drive axle are connected to the input end of the drive axle; the upper end of the gearbox and the upper wing surfaces of the left and right beams of the rear frame of the cab are provided with high-voltage battery devices, and the high-voltage battery devices are connected with the motor circuit. The invention has the function of pure electric driving and meets the green card requirements; effectively improves energy utilization rate and mechanical efficiency; solves the problem of short cruising range caused by battery bias and limited battery capacity of the existing hybrid vehicle; simple structure, chassis parts and components The layout is reasonable, the space utilization rate is high, it can be directly modified on the conventional car and realize the power exchange function, which is easy to assemble, can realize serialization and modularization, and is suitable for promotion.

Description

Plug-in Hybrid Heavy Duty Tractor Chassis

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle frame chassis for operation and transportation of trackless roads, and in particular relates to a plug-in hybrid power heavy-duty tractor chassis.

Background technique

Plug-in hybrid is a new energy vehicle between pure electric vehicles and fuel vehicles. It has not only the engine, transmission, transmission system, oil circuit, and fuel tank of traditional vehicles, but also batteries and electric motors of pure electric vehicles. ,Control circuit.

In the prior art, an extended-range hybrid commercial vehicle chassis layout structure disclosed with the bulletin number CN215097822U belongs to a series extended-range hybrid vehicle according to the energy flow. The inverter feeds the drive motor, which then provides power to drive the car. Due to the inability of the engine to directly drive the vehicle, the multiple energy conversions between mechanical energy and electrical energy, and the loss of energy during battery charging and discharging, the energy utilization rate is low and the mechanical efficiency is low.

Announcement No. CN108058588A discloses a chassis layout structure of a hybrid heavy-duty tractor. It has no pure electric mode and can neither meet the green card requirements; at the same time, the high-voltage battery device is placed on the side, the load center of gravity is offset, and the battery capacity is limited. In this regard, the following improved technical solutions are proposed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problems solved by the present invention: provide a plug-in hybrid heavy-duty tractor chassis, which has the function of pure electric driving and meets the requirements of green card; effectively improves the energy utilization rate and mechanical efficiency; solves the battery bias of the existing hybrid vehicle And the problem of short cruising range caused by limited battery capacity.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: a plug-in hybrid heavy-duty tractor chassis has a front axle, a middle axle and a drive axle which are arranged in sequence from front to rear on the frame; an engine is arranged at the center of the upper part of the front axle; the rear end of the engine is provided with an engine. It is connected with the input end of the drive axle through the motor, the gearbox, the middle axle drive shaft and the drive axle intermediate drive shaft in sequence; the upper end of the gearbox and the left and right beams of the rear side frame of the cab are provided with high-voltage battery devices, and the high-voltage battery device is connected to the motor. circuit connected.

In the above technical solution, it further includes a urea tank, a BMS controller, and a fuel tank that are arranged on the left side of the vehicle frame from front to rear.

In the above technical solution, further: the urea tank is arranged close to the engine.

In the above technical solution, it further includes an exhaust after-treatment device, a battery, a three-electrical cooling system, a three-in-one controller, and a stepping piece for getting on the vehicle, which are arranged in sequence from front to back on the right side of the frame.

In the above technical solution, further: the exhaust aftertreatment device is arranged close to the engine, and an independent engine cooling device is arranged on the front side of the engine.

In the above technical solution, further: the three-electrical cooling system is used for the heat dissipation of the motor, the high-voltage battery device, the three-in-one controller and the boarding step assembly.

In the above technical solution, further: the exhaust after-treatment device is provided with a heat shield;

In the above technical solution, further: the expansion water tank of the three-electric cooling system is further included; the expansion water tank of the three-electric cooling system is arranged in the protective cover of the high-voltage battery device.

In the above technical solution, it further includes an electric steering gear and an electric air conditioner compressor arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the frame.

In the above technical solution, it further includes an air storage cylinder device; the air storage cylinder device is located on the left and right inner sides of the vehicle frame and one on the lower wing surface of the tail beam of the vehicle frame.

The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

1. The present invention is a parallel hybrid power system, which combines the advantages of pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, and can realize pure electric and zero-emission driving; it can also increase the driving range of vehicles through the hybrid mode; effectively solve the problem of pure electric vehicles. It is another development direction of new energy vehicles that can meet the needs of users to hang green cards, enjoy government subsidies and local road rights.

2. The motor of the present invention is no longer directly connected to the drive axle, which reduces the unsprung weight load, facilitates control, and helps improve the handling stability of the entire vehicle.

3. The motor, the high-voltage battery device and the engine of the present invention no longer share a cooling system: instead, an independent engine cooling device is designed for the engine; The cooling system cools and dissipates heat, effectively improving the heat dissipation performance.

4. The air storage tank device of the present invention is no longer all arranged on the side of the frame, but adopts a decentralized arrangement, which cooperates with the upper-mounted high-voltage battery device to work together. The distributed air storage device does not sacrifice the volume of the fuel tank and the high-voltage battery device. The cruising range of the hybrid mode is not limited. In the hybrid mode, the driving range can be extended, which solves the problem of short driving range.

5. Under normal circumstances, the present invention has an acceleration assist function, which can make up for the defect of insufficient instantaneous response of the engine power and improve the power performance of the entire vehicle.

6. The invention adopts the electric air-conditioning compressor, which can reduce fuel consumption, save fuel cost, and improve the power and economy of the vehicle.

7. The present invention has simple structure, reasonable arrangement of chassis parts, high space utilization rate, can be directly modified on conventional vehicles and realize power exchange function, is convenient for assembly, can realize serialization and modularization, and is suitable for promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axonometric view of the arrangement of the high-voltage battery device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

In the picture: 1- Three-electric cooling system expansion tank, 2- high voltage battery unit, 3- saddle, 4- frame, 5- drive axle, 6- middle axle, 7- fuel tank, 8- BMS controller, 9 -Urea tank, 10-Front axle, 11-Three-in-one controller and stepping piece, 12-Three electric cooling system, 13-Battery, 14-Exhaust aftertreatment device, 15-Transmission, 16-Motor , 17-electric air-conditioning compressor, 18-engine, 19-engine cooling device, 20-air tank device, 21-transaxle intermediate drive shaft, 22-middle axle drive shaft, 23-electric steering gear.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-2 in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

(As shown in FIG. 1 ) the chassis of the plug-in hybrid heavy-duty tractor has a front axle 10 , a middle axle 6 and a drive axle 5 which are sequentially arranged on the frame 4 from front to rear.

A saddle 3 is provided on the upper part of the frame 4 between the middle axle 6 and the drive axle 5 . The trailer pressure acts on this saddle 3 flat plate to ensure the driving safety and stability of the trailer.

(Combined with FIG. 2) An engine 18 is provided at the upper center of the front axle 10 to ensure a stable center of gravity. The rear end of the engine 18 is connected to the input end of the drive axle 5 through the motor 16 , the gearbox 15 , the intermediate axle drive shaft 22 and the drive axle intermediate drive shaft 21 in sequence.

The present invention is a parallel hybrid power system, which combines the advantages of pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, and can realize pure electric and zero-emission driving; it can also increase the driving range of the vehicle through the hybrid mode; it can effectively solve the battery life of pure electric vehicles problems and the high fuel consumption of traditional vehicles; at the same time, it can meet the needs of users to hang green cards, enjoy government subsidies and local road administration road rights, which is another development direction of new energy vehicles. Under normal circumstances, it has the basic acceleration assist function, which can make up for the insufficient instantaneous response of the engine power and improve the dynamic performance of the whole vehicle.

Specifically: the invention has three driving modes: pure electric, fuel and hybrid, which can maximize energy saving and emission reduction, has high economic benefits, and meets the specific demands of users; through the optimization of battery thermal management, the braking recovery capability and active speed limiting function are designed Improve vehicle safety.

The tractor is in pure electric mode: the present invention is driven by the motor 16, and the high-voltage battery device 2 provides power to the motor 16. When the full load is at a constant speed of 40km/h, the tractor can travel 50km, which satisfies the user's requirements for green cards, government subsidies and local road administration. Right of way request.

In the fuel mode: the present invention is driven by the engine 18, and the fuel tank 7 provides fuel to the engine 18, which can effectively solve the battery life problem of the pure electric vehicle.

In the hybrid mode: the present invention is driven by the motor 16, driven purely by electricity after starting, and the engine 18 does not participate in the work; until the set vehicle speed is reached, the engine 18 cuts in; when the vehicle speed is lower than the cut-in speed of the engine 18, the whole vehicle is in the motor 16 Main drive state. The driving torque of the motor 16 varies with the accelerator opening and speed: when acceleration is required, the high-voltage battery device 2 supplies power to the motor 16, and the motor 16 and the engine 18 drive the vehicle together, thereby enabling the tractor to accelerate rapidly; reduced to improve fuel economy. When the tractor decelerates, if it needs to decelerate slowly, the braking force is mainly provided by the motor 16, and the motor 16 acts as a generator to convert part of the braking energy into electric energy, which is stored in the high-voltage battery device 2 after being processed by the charging circuit for power supply. Used when needed, the braking system does not participate in the above process, which is used to reduce the wear and tear of the braking components. If the tractor needs to decelerate significantly in a relatively short period of time, the braking system and the motor 16 jointly provide braking force. Compared with the traditional tractor, because the motor 16 participates in braking, the tractor can obtain a larger braking force, which is equivalent to the retarder device of the traditional tractor, which can reduce the thermal decay of the braking system.

Not only that, the motor 16 of the present invention is no longer directly connected to the drive axle 5, which reduces the unsprung weight load, facilitates control, and helps improve the handling stability of the entire vehicle.

It can be seen that the present invention solves the problems of hybrid power without pure electric mode, unable to meet the green card requirements, unable to enjoy government subsidies and local road administration road rights, etc., and at the same time without reducing the fuel tank volume, in the hybrid mode, the driving mileage can be extended, which solves the problem. The problem of short driving range.

The upper end of the gearbox 15 and the upper wing surfaces of the left and right beams of the frame 4 on the rear side of the cab are provided with a high-voltage battery device 2 , and the high-voltage battery device 2 is electrically connected to the motor 16 .

It can be seen that the power battery, that is, the high-voltage battery device 2, is arranged in front of the center line of the rear axle, and the left and right sides of the frame are compared with the technical solution: the center of gravity is stable, the space is sufficient, the battery capacity is large, the cruising range is long, and the maintenance is convenient.

The patented tractor is driven by the motor 16 in the pure electric mode, and the high-voltage battery device 2 provides power to the motor 16. When the full load is at a constant speed of 40km/h, it can travel 50km, which can meet the requirements of users to hang a green card, enjoy government subsidies and local Highway right of way requirements.

The high-voltage battery device 2 provides power to the motor 16, and the motor 16 can provide motor torque and braking torque respectively in starting condition, acceleration condition and braking condition, so as to improve the dynamic performance and braking performance of the vehicle.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, it further includes a urea tank 9, a BMS controller 8, and a fuel tank 7 which are arranged on the left side of the vehicle frame 4 and are sequentially arranged from front to rear.

In the above embodiment, further: the urea tank 9 is arranged close to the engine 18, and the urea tank 9 and the fuel tank 7 are arranged on the same side of the vehicle 4, which facilitates the replenishment of the urea tank 9 when refueling.

Has a BMS controller 8 for managing battery cells. For example, a system that balances the voltage of each unit, regulates the voltage, and ensures that the battery is not overloaded. When a specific battery unit fails, the BMS controller 8 has a cell balancing function, which can control other battery units to work instead of it without affecting it.

Meanwhile, in the above embodiment, further: an independent engine cooling device 19 is provided on the front side of the engine 18 .

It can be seen that the motor 16, the high-voltage battery device 2 and the engine 18 no longer share a cooling system: instead, an independent engine cooling device 19 is designed for the engine 18, which effectively improves the heat dissipation performance of the whole vehicle.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, it further includes an exhaust after-treatment device 14, a battery 13, a three-electrical cooling system 12, a three-in-one controller and a stepping piece for getting on the vehicle, which are arranged in sequence from front to back on the right side of the frame 4. 11.

In the above embodiment, further: the three-electrical cooling system 12 is used for heat dissipation of the motor 16 , the high-voltage battery device 2 , the three-in-one controller and the step assembly 11 .

The motor 16 , the high-voltage battery device 2 , the three-in-one controller and the step assembly 11 are cooled and dissipated by the three-electrical cooling system 12 , which effectively ensures the heat dissipation performance of the three-electrical system. That is, the three-electrical system is cooled by the three-electrical cooling system 12 to improve the heat dissipation performance of the three-electrical system.

In the above embodiment, further: the exhaust after-treatment device 14 is arranged close to the engine 18 to improve exhaust efficiency.

In the above embodiment, further: the exhaust after-treatment device 14 is provided with a heat shield to prevent the exhaust heat from the exhaust after-treatment device 14 from affecting surrounding facilities. The three-in-one controller and the step assembly 11 are provided with a protective cover, and the protective cover can effectively protect the three-in-one controller.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, it further includes a three-electric cooling system expansion water tank 1 ; the three-electric cooling system expansion water tank 1 is arranged in a protective cover of the high-voltage battery device 2 .

The expansion tank 1 of the three-electric cooling system turns the cooling system into a permanent closed system, which reduces the loss of cooling liquid; avoids the continuous entry of air, and avoids oxidation and corrosion of parts; reduces cavitation; separates water and steam in the cooling system to maintain the system The internal pressure is stable, the water volume of the water pump is increased, and the operation of the cooling system is more stable and reliable.

In the above embodiment, it further includes the electric steering gear 23 and the electric air conditioner compressor 17 arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the frame 4 . The electric steering gear 23 and the electric air-conditioning compressor 17 are small three-electric systems. It can be seen that the present invention adopts the electric air-conditioning compressor 17, which can reduce fuel consumption, save fuel cost, and improve the power and economy of the vehicle.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, it further includes an air storage cylinder device 20; the air storage cylinder device 20 is located on the left and right inner sides of the vehicle frame 4 and on the lower wing surface of the tail beam of the vehicle frame.

The air storage tank device 20 of the present invention is no longer all arranged on the side of the frame 4, but adopts a distributed arrangement, and cooperates with the above-mentioned upper-mounted high-voltage battery device 2 to work together. The distributed air storage tank device 20 does not sacrifice the fuel tank 7 and the The installation volume of the high-voltage battery device 2 does not limit the cruising range of the hybrid mode, and in the hybrid mode, the driving mileage can be extended, which solves the problem of the short cruising range of the hybrid vehicle.

From the above description, it can be found that the present invention is mainly applicable to tractors, and under normal circumstances, it has an acceleration assist function, which can make up for the defect of insufficient instantaneous response of engine power and improve the power performance of the whole vehicle.

When the vehicle is accelerating, the high-voltage battery device 2 supplies power to the motor 16, and the motor 16 and the engine 18 drive the vehicle together, so that the tractor accelerates rapidly, and at the same time, the fuel consumption is reduced compared with the traditional vehicle, which can improve the fuel economy.

When the tractor decelerates, if it needs to decelerate slowly, the braking force can be mainly provided by the motor 16, and the motor 16 acts as a generator at this time, converting part of the braking energy into electric energy, which is stored in the high-voltage battery device 2 after being processed by the charging circuit , for use when needed, the braking system does not participate in the above process, and can reduce the loss of braking components.

If the tractor needs to decelerate significantly in a relatively short period of time, the braking system and the motor 16 jointly provide braking force. Compared with the traditional tractor, because the motor 16 participates in braking, the tractor can obtain a greater braking force, which is equivalent to Compared with the retarder device of traditional tractor, it can reduce the thermal decay of the braking system.

The chassis layout structure of the present invention adds a motor 16, a high-voltage battery device 2, a three-in-one controller and a stepping unit 11, a three-electrical cooling system 12, an electric motor Diverter 23. It can not only improve the dynamic performance, economic performance and braking performance of automobiles; but also effectively solve the problem of battery life of pure electric vehicles and the problem of high fuel consumption of traditional vehicles; at the same time, it can meet the needs of users to hang green cards, enjoy government subsidies and local road administration road rights; and The three-electric cooling system 12 directly provides heat dissipation for the motor 16 , the high-voltage battery device 2 , the three-in-one controller and the boarding step assembly 11 , and the engine cooling device 19 provides heat dissipation for the engine alone, which can improve the overall heat dissipation performance of the vehicle.

At the same time, the high-voltage battery device 2 is arranged on the upper end of the gearbox 15, the rear side of the cab and the upper wing surfaces of the left and right beams of the frame 4, making full use of the rear end of the cab and the space of the hanging workshop, the layout is reasonable, and the space utilization rate is high; It has strong performance, it is convenient to realize the power exchange function in the later stage, and it can realize serialized and modular operation; the center of gravity is stable, and the battery capacity is sufficient.

To sum up, the present invention has simple structure, reasonable arrangement of chassis components, high space utilization rate, can be directly modified on conventional vehicles and realize power exchange function, is convenient for assembly, can realize serialization and modularization, and is suitable for promotion.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Insert heavy tractor chassis of electric formula hybrid, its characterized in that: the front axle (10), the middle axle (6) and the drive axle (5) are sequentially arranged on the frame (4) from front to back; an engine (18) is arranged at the center of the upper part of the front axle (10); the rear end of the engine (18) is connected with the input end of the drive axle (5) through a motor (16), a gearbox (15), a middle axle transmission shaft (22) and a drive axle middle transmission shaft (21) in sequence; high-voltage battery devices (2) are arranged on the upper end of the gearbox (15) and the upper wing surfaces of the left beam and the right beam of the cab rear side frame (4), and the high-voltage battery devices (2) are connected with a motor (16) through circuits.

2. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 1, wherein: the automobile frame is characterized by further comprising a urea box (9), a BMS controller (8) and a fuel tank (7) which are arranged on the left side of the automobile frame (4) in sequence from front to back.

3. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 2, wherein: the urea tank (9) is disposed adjacent to the engine (18).

4. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 1, wherein: the automobile exhaust post-treatment device is characterized by further comprising an exhaust post-treatment device (14), a storage battery (13), a three-in-one cooling system (12), a three-in-one controller and an upper automobile step closing piece (11), wherein the exhaust post-treatment device, the storage battery (13), the three-in-one cooling system and the three-in-one controller are arranged on the right side of the automobile frame (4) from front to back in sequence.

5. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 4, wherein: the exhaust aftertreatment device (14) is disposed proximate to an engine (18); an independent engine cooling device (19) is arranged on the front side of the engine (18).

6. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 4, wherein: the three-electric cooling system (12) is used for heat dissipation of the motor (16), the high-voltage battery device (2), the three-in-one controller and the boarding step closing piece (11).

7. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 4, wherein: the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (14) is provided with a heat shield; the three-in-one controller and the upper pedal assembly (11) are provided with protective covers.

8. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 1, wherein: the three-electric cooling system expansion water tank (1) is also included; the three-electric cooling system expansion water tank (1) is arranged in a protective cover of the high-voltage battery device (2).

9. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 1, wherein: the electric steering gear is arranged on the left side and the right side of the front end of the frame (4), and the electric air-conditioning compressor (17) is arranged on the left side and the right side of the front end of the frame.

10. The plug-in hybrid heavy haul vehicle chassis of claim 1, wherein: also comprises an air storage cylinder device (20); the air storage cylinder devices (20) are respectively arranged on the left inner side and the right inner side of the frame (4) and on the lower wing surface of the tail beam of the frame.

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