CN114793982B - Automatic bait casting machine - Google Patents

Automatic bait casting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114793982B
CN114793982B CN202210406391.1A CN202210406391A CN114793982B CN 114793982 B CN114793982 B CN 114793982B CN 202210406391 A CN202210406391 A CN 202210406391A CN 114793982 B CN114793982 B CN 114793982B
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bait
shaft
throwing
bin
vibration
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CN114793982A (en
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金恒
曾平洁
潘泓达
张宸玮
宋佳欣
王馨悦
杨梓琛
吴明康
宋瑞银
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Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
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Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80Feeding devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Feeding And Watering For Cattle Raising And Animal Husbandry (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic bait casting machine which comprises a shell, a blanking mechanism, a vibrating mechanism and a throwing mechanism, wherein the blanking mechanism comprises a bait bin, a stirring rod, a material baffle plate, a material guide funnel and a material distribution bin; the material throwing mechanism comprises a motor II, a material throwing funnel, a three-way conical pipe and a rotary table, the vibrating mechanism comprises a vibrating disc, a straight-tooth conical gear set and an eccentric starting device, and the upper surface of the vibrating disc is an inclined plane. The invention ensures the throwing uniformity of baits, uniform throwing area, no blockage and uniform blanking and can realize accurate feeding.

Description

Automatic bait casting machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bait casting machine in the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an automatic bait casting machine.
Background
China's aquaculture fishery is rapidly developed, aquaculture fishery scale is bigger and bigger, aquaculture technology is also improving constantly, in the aquaculture process, bait feeding is a crucial link, work is very loaded down with trivial details, most of the past adopt artifical bait feeding, adopt artifical feeding, firstly, the fodder is extravagant more serious, secondly, throw the opportunity of feeding, throw the feed volume and hold inaccurately, make the aquaculture cost increase, and the manual work load of scattering the fodder is great, the efficiency of work has been reduced, or adopt simple and easy ware of throwing bait to throw bait and feed.
Therefore, people introduce a bait casting machine for aquaculture to perform automatic feeding, and the current bait casting machine has the following problems:
1. most of the current bait casting machines on the market only replace the repeated action of manually throwing the bait, and although the bait casting time is adjustable, the bait casting speed, the bait casting amount and the like are generally not adjustable. The existing bait casting machine for aquaculture cannot achieve the effect of controlling the bait casting amount by regularly and quantitatively feeding, cannot well meet the feeding requirement, reduces the practicability of the bait casting machine, and therefore has certain limitation. In the prior art, the bait casting machine automatically feeds the aquatic products under the coordination of the control box, but the installation position of the bait casting machine is fixed, so that the feeding area is limited, and the aquatic products are not uniformly fed. Generally, baits are accumulated in the cavity when the baits are not completely fed out, and some baits are agglomerated after long-time accumulation to block the cavity opening and cannot be discharged; in addition, when the common bait casting machine is in practical use and is cold in weather, the bait casting machine is influenced by the outside air temperature, and the caked bait is easy to block the storage box, so that the device cannot work normally. The mixed bait in the feed inlet and the feed inlet is seriously agglomerated, cannot be normally thrown out of the bait casting machine, blocks the bait casting machine and is easy to damage equipment;
2. in the traditional throwing mode of the bait casting machine, the throwing uniformity is poor, the throwing area of the feed is mostly a point, the throwing area is uneven, and the phenomenon of food struggle among fishes is easily caused. The hydraulic conveying type throws out the feed, water and the mixture by taking hydraulic power as a carrier and utilizing the spraying principle, has complicated structure, is easy to corrode parts and block pipe orifices, needs frequent maintenance and cleaning, and has large energy consumption and high cost; the pneumatic conveying type realizes the bait conveying by depending on the conveying effect of wind power, has high manufacturing cost and large noise, influences the feeding of fish schools, and is easy to break; the mechanical vibration type bait is driven to fall in a mechanical vibration mode, is easy to damage, has large noise, cannot deliver the bait in a long distance and has a small range; the centrifugal throwing type throws out the bait by using the centrifugal force of the turntable, and the bait is broken when the centrifugal throwing type throws out the bait at high speed; the throwing structure of the throwing mechanism of the throwing tray has poor flexibility and uneven throwing;
3. the unloading mode of traditional machine of feeding also has the problem: the electromagnetic suction type device has the advantages of violent vibration, easiness in damaging a coil, potential safety hazard of electric leakage, lower manufacturing cost compared with electromagnetic oscillation type devices, simple structure and capability of realizing uniform blanking. But can produce strong vibration during operation, and the coil is fragile, leads to the electric leakage easily, and the factor of safety is low, uses the difficulty of periodic inspection more than half a year. Compared with a spiral conveying type, the electromagnetic attraction pulling type feed conveying device has better conveying performance on granulated feeds and has the advantages of better sealing performance and accurate feed quantity, but is not suitable for feeds with powder and large viscosity, and has larger limitation. The belt conveying type conveying is stable, quantitative conveying can be realized if the control is good, and the belt conveying type conveying device has the advantages of large conveying capacity, simple structure, part standardization and the like. But unable accurate pay-off, the belt easily skids, and the belt ageing, difficult installation and maintenance scheduling problem that can appear are serious. The rotary table quantitative type feed machine is simple in structure, stable in discharging, convenient to clean, capable of achieving quick quantitative feeding of trace raw materials, not suitable for granular feed, narrow in adaptation range and mainly used for quantitative preparation of industrial production raw materials.
In view of the above, the above problems are associated with the current bait casting machine, and there is a need for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides an automatic bait casting machine which solves the problems of poor throwing uniformity, uneven throwing area, easy blockage of a feeder, uneven blanking and incapability of realizing accurate feeding in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs an automatic bait casting machine which comprises a shell, a baiting mechanism, a vibrating mechanism and a throwing mechanism, wherein the baiting mechanism, the vibrating mechanism and the throwing mechanism are distributed from top to bottom;
the bait throwing mechanism comprises a motor II, a bait throwing funnel, a three-way conical pipe and a rotary table, an output shaft of the motor II is connected with the rotary table, the three-way conical pipe is arranged in the rotary table, two communicating ports of the three-way conical pipe are used as a discharge port II, an arc-shaped outlet corresponding to the discharge port II is arranged on the side edge of the rotary table, the other communicating port of the three-way conical pipe is connected with an outlet of the bait throwing funnel, and bait output by the discharge port I is conveyed to the rotary table by the vibrating mechanism;
vibration mechanism includes vibration dish, straight-tooth conical gear group and eccentric starting drive, straight-tooth conical gear group is connected with two transmissions of motor, the eccentric starting drive other end is connected with the vibration dish, make the vibration dish carry out the vibration of vertical direction when eccentric starting drive is up-and-down motion, the upper surface of vibration dish is the inclined plane, the low side on vibration dish inclined plane is provided with the feed opening that is located the carousel top, the discharge gate is located vibration dish top.
As preferred, for guaranteeing that whole structure operation is simpler, the cost is lower, and the vibration is more stable, straight-tooth bevel gear group include first conical gear and with first conical gear engaged with second conical gear, first conical gear below is connected with gear one, be connected with gear two on the output shaft of motor two, gear one meshes with gear two, and it is rotatory to drive first conical gear through motor two during operation, and it is rotatory to drive second conical gear in step, finally drives the transmission shaft that makes it connect and drives eccentric starting drive and do reciprocating motion from top to bottom, drives the vibration dish and vibrates from top to bottom, the even speed of whereabouts of final control bait.
Preferably, for convenience of operation, a transmission shaft connected with one end of the eccentric starting device is arranged on the straight-tooth conical gear set, the transmission shaft comprises an elongated cylindrical shaft for integrally installing the transmission shaft in the shell, a conical straight gear shaft for installing the second conical gear and an eccentric hinge shaft, an eccentric short shaft is arranged on the end face of the eccentric hinge shaft, and the eccentric short shaft is connected with one end of the eccentric starting device.
In order to make bait through the pipeline speed reduction reach another slope vibration unloading, rely on the vibration that cam mechanism produced to carry out the linear type slope pay-off, the unloading speed of fine tuning bait, bait wear rate is little, and the working property is more stable, eccentric starting drive include with eccentric minor axis articulated pendulum rod, it has the dead lever to articulate at the other end of pendulum rod, the other end and the vibration dish of dead lever are connected.
In order to ensure that the transmission is more stable, the output shaft of the first motor and the connecting shaft are connected in a chain manner as follows: the connecting shaft is connected with a second chain wheel after extending out of the bottom of the material distribution bin, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a first chain wheel, and the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel are connected through a chain.
In order to reduce the crushed aggregates sent during stirring, three layers of cylindrical stirring blades are arranged on the stirring rod, wherein the first layer of stirring blades are arranged in a single side, the second layer of stirring blades are symmetrically arranged in a double side, the third layer of stirring blades are symmetrically arranged in a double side, and the length of the second layer of stirring blades is longer than that of the third layer of stirring blades.
In order to prevent the bait from being ejected when falling off the vibration disc from the storage bin; can slow down, can play the effect of buffering simultaneously, be provided with the baffle around the vibration dish, be provided with more than one and bellied circular arc horizontal bar on the vibration dish, simultaneously in order to play the effect of bradyseism for the vibration on inclined plane can not be to throwing bait machine whole production influence, can make things convenient for quick unloading simultaneously, vibration dish bottom is provided with more than one attenuator, the bottom of attenuator is fixed on the mesa of casing inside, the bottom of vibration dish is the horizontal plane, the angle of vibration dish top and the face of bait contact is 4, and the feed opening is located the low side on vibration dish inclined plane, the vibration dish of 4 inclinations is located the below of upper reaches discharge gate one.
In order to be favorable to bait and can the landing by oneself, the trapezoidal baffle is total 8, and 8 trapezoidal baffles divide into 8 little storehouses of 45 degrees with the cone board, and the bottom of each little storehouse is provided with the inclined plane of 30 degrees.
In order to guarantee that bait slows down bait gliding speed when rotatory unloading is carried out or throws the material funnel and rotate the unloading after through the stirring guide funnel and the inside side of throwing the material funnel all are provided with the arc direction horizontal bar more than one.
Preferably, in order to avoid dust falling into the bait bin, a feed inlet is arranged above the bait bin, and a sealing cover is hinged to the side edge of the feed inlet.
According to the design scheme, servo motors with different powers can be selected according to specific requirements of users in actual operation so as to adapt to various use environments.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic bait casting machine has the following technical effects:
1. the baiting mechanism comprises a bait bin, a stirring rod, a material baffle, a material distribution bin, a cone plate and a material guide funnel, a motor drives a chain wheel and a chain to cooperate to finally drive the cone plate to rotate and a driven trapezoidal partition plate above the cone plate to rotate, and the stirring rod above the cone plate and a stirring blade above the cone plate are synchronously driven to rotate, so that uniform bait mixing is finally realized, the problem of blocking of a lower cavity opening of the bait bin caused by accumulation due to the fact that baits cannot be completely thrown out in the actual bait throwing process is avoided, the bait waste and the pollution to a water body are reduced to a certain extent, therefore, the bait feeding mechanism adopts a simple and easy-to-maintain and-replace part structure, the labor cost is finally reduced, meanwhile, the accurate control on the bait throwing amount can be realized, the bait throwing time, the bait throwing amount and feeding point can be accurately controlled according to different aquatic products, the habit on environmental change and the feeding habit, meanwhile, according to big data, the bait throwing time, the bait throwing amount and the throwing point can be accurately controlled, the waste of aquatic product culture fund increase is avoided, and the safety investment of aquatic culture personnel can be guaranteed;
2. the material throwing mechanism can realize large-area and fixed-point material throwing at fixed time, improves the blanking efficiency by arranging the turntable, enables baits to smoothly enter a material throwing link, adopts centrifugal material throwing, ensures the throwing uniformity, enlarges the throwing area and ensures more uniform throwing;
3. vibration mechanism can realize the control to vibration dish vibration amplitude and frequency through the output who changes servo motor, and then control bait input volume and input speed, finally guarantee accurate pay-off.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view schematically illustrating the construction of an automatic bait casting machine according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 1 showing the cover and the loading door at the front end of the housing open;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bait bin with a first chain wheel, a second chain wheel and a material strip mounted below the bait bin;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bait chamber as viewed from above;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the striker plate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bait bin;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the combination of the stirring rod, the conical plate and the trapezoidal rib plate, and when a striker plate is arranged on the side edge;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a vibration mechanism and a device with a material throwing funnel, a second motor, a first gear and a second gear;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the vibration mechanism;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 10 as viewed from the bottom up;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the material throwing mechanism without a second motor;
fig. 13 is a top view of fig. 12.
In the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a table top 1-1, a blanking mechanism 2, a vibrating mechanism 3, a material throwing mechanism 4, a bait bin 6, a feeding hole 6-1, a stirring rod 7, a material baffle plate 8, a trapezoidal ribbed plate 8-1, a material distributing bin 9, a material guide funnel 10, a material outlet I11, an arc outlet 12, a motor I13, a cone plate 14, a connecting shaft 14-1, a chain wheel I15, a chain wheel II 16, a chain 17, a trapezoidal partition plate 18, a motor II 19, a material throwing funnel 20, a three-way conical pipe 21, a material outlet II 21-1, a small partition plate 21-2, a rotary disc 22, a vibrating disc 23, a feeding hole 23-1, a straight-tooth conical gear set 24, a first conical gear 24-1, a second conical gear 24-2, an eccentric starting device 25, a transmission shaft 26, a long and thin cylindrical shaft 26-1, a straight-cone conical gear shaft 26-2, an eccentric hinge shaft 26-3, an eccentric short shaft 26-4, a gear I27, a gear II gear 28, a swing rod 29, a fixing rod 30, a stirring blade 31, a baffle plate 32, an arc cross bar 33, a small chamber 34, an arc cross bar chamber 35, a guide bar 36 and a damping cover 36.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1-13, the automatic bait feeding machine provided in this embodiment includes a housing 1, and a feeding mechanism 2, a vibrating mechanism 3, and a throwing mechanism 4 distributed from top to bottom, wherein the feeding mechanism 2 includes a bait bin 6, a stirring rod 7, a striker plate 8, and a distribution bin 9, a material guide funnel 10 communicated with the distribution bin 9 is disposed below the bait bin 6, a discharge port i 11 is disposed on a side edge below the distribution bin 9, a cone plate 14 is disposed in the distribution bin 9, a connecting shaft 14-1 is disposed in the middle of the cone plate 14, the stirring rod 7 disposed in the bait bin 6 is connected to an upper end of the connecting shaft 14-1, more than one layer of stirring blades 31 is disposed on the stirring rod 7, a motor i 13 fixed on a table top 1-1 inside the housing 1 is disposed outside the distribution bin 9, an output shaft of the motor i 13 is connected to the connecting shaft 14-1 through a chain, more than one trapezoidal partition plate 18 is disposed on the cone plate 14, the striker plate 8 is horizontally fixed at an outlet below the material guide funnel 10, and blocks an outlet portion of the material guide funnel 10;
the material throwing mechanism 4 comprises a second motor 19, a material throwing funnel 20, a three-way conical pipe 21 and a rotary table 22, an output shaft of the second motor 19 is connected with the rotary table 22, the three-way conical pipe 21 is arranged in the rotary table 22, two communication ports of the three-way conical pipe 21 are used as a second discharge port 21-1, an arc-shaped outlet 12 corresponding to the second discharge port 21-1 is arranged on the side edge of the rotary table 22, the other communication port of the three-way conical pipe 21 is connected with an outlet of the material throwing funnel 20, and bait output by the first discharge port 11 is conveyed to the rotary table 22 by the vibration mechanism 3;
vibration mechanism 3 includes vibration dish 23, straight-tooth conical gear group 24 and eccentric starting drive 25, straight-tooth conical gear group 24 is connected with two 19 transmissions of motor, the eccentric starting drive 25 other end is connected with vibration dish 23, make vibration dish 23 carry out the vibration of vertical direction when eccentric starting drive 25 is up-and-down motion, the upper surface of vibration dish 23 is the inclined plane, the low side on vibration dish 23 inclined plane is provided with feed opening 23-1 that is located carousel 22 top, a discharge gate 11 is located vibration dish 23 top.
In order to ensure that the whole structure is simpler to operate, the cost is lower and the vibration is more stable, the straight-tooth conical gear group 24 comprises a first conical gear 24-1 and a second conical gear 24-2 meshed with the first conical gear 24-1, a first gear 27 is connected below the first conical gear 24-1, a second gear 28 is connected to an output shaft of the second motor 19, the first gear 27 is meshed with the second gear 28, the first conical gear 24-1 is driven to rotate by the second motor during working, the second conical gear 24-2 is driven to rotate synchronously, and finally a transmission shaft connected with the first conical gear is driven to drive an eccentric starting device to do up-and-down reciprocating motion so as to drive a vibration disc to vibrate up and down and finally control the uniform falling speed of bait.
For the convenience of operation, a transmission shaft 26 connected with one end of the eccentric actuating device 25 is arranged on the straight-tooth conical gear set 24, the transmission shaft 26 comprises an elongated cylindrical shaft 26-1 for integrally installing the transmission shaft 26 in the shell 1, a conical straight-tooth gear shaft 26-2 for installing the second conical gear 24-2 and an eccentric hinge shaft 26-3, an eccentric short shaft 26-4 is arranged on the end surface of the eccentric hinge shaft 26-3, and the eccentric short shaft 26-4 is connected with one end of the eccentric actuating device 25.
In order to make the bait reach another slope through the pipeline speed reduction and vibrate the blanking, the linear slope feeding is carried out by the vibration generated by the cam mechanism, the blanking speed of the bait is finely adjusted, the bait wear rate is small, and the working performance is stable, the eccentric starting device 25 comprises a swing rod 29 hinged with an eccentric short shaft 26-4, a fixed rod 30 is hinged at the other end of the swing rod 29, and the other end of the fixed rod 30 is connected with a vibrating disk 23.
In order to ensure more stable transmission, the output shaft of the first motor 13 and the connecting shaft 14-1 are connected in a chain manner as follows: the connecting shaft 14-1 extends out of the bottom of the material distribution bin 9 and then is connected with a second chain wheel 16, an output shaft of the motor I13 is connected with a first chain wheel 15, and the first chain wheel 15 and the second chain wheel 16 are connected through a chain 17.
In order to reduce the possibility of sending crushed aggregates during stirring, three layers of cylindrical stirring blades 31 are arranged on the stirring rod 7, wherein the first layer of stirring blades 31 are arranged in a single-side mode, the second layer of stirring blades 31 are symmetrically arranged in a double-side mode, the third layer of stirring blades 31 are symmetrically arranged in a double-side mode, and the length of the second layer of stirring blades 31 is longer than that of the third layer of stirring blades 31.
In order to prevent the bait from being ejected when falling off the vibration disc from the storage bin; can slow down, can and play the effect of buffering simultaneously, be provided with baffle 32 around vibration dish 23, be provided with many I-shaped row cloth and bellied circular arc horizontal bar 33 on vibration dish 23, simultaneously in order to play the effect of bradyseism for the vibration on inclined plane can not be to throwing bait machine whole production influence, can conveniently unload fast simultaneously, vibration dish 23 bottom is provided with the attenuator 37 that four matrixes were arranged, the bottom of attenuator 37 is fixed on 1-1 of the mesa of casing 1 inside, the bottom of vibration dish 23 is the horizontal plane, the angle of vibration dish 23 top and the face of bait contact is 4, and feed opening 23-1 is located the relative low side on vibration dish 23 inclined plane, the vibration dish of 4 inclinations is located the below of an upper reaches discharge gate 11.
In order to be favorable to bait and can the landing by oneself, the trapezoidal baffle is total 8, and 8 trapezoidal baffles divide into 8 little storehouses of 45 degrees with the cone board, and the bottom of each little storehouse is provided with the inclined plane of 30 degrees.
In order to ensure that the baits slow down the gliding speed of the baits when the baits are rotationally discharged or thrown by the hopper after being stirred, the inner sides of the guide hopper 10 and the throwing hopper 20 are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped guide transverse strips 35 which are spirally arranged.
In order to prevent dust from falling into the bait bin 6, a feed opening 6-1 is arranged above the bait bin 6, and a sealing cover 36 is hinged to the side edge of the feed opening 6-1.
During operation, bait is put into bait storehouse 6, it is rotatory through a motor 13 rotatory driving sprocket 15, under the effect of chain 17, it is rotatory to drive sprocket two 16, then it is rotatory to drive trapezoidal baffle 18 on the 14 rotatory synchronous dynamic cone board of connecting axle 14-1, and cooperate striker plate 8, carry between two adjacent trapezoidal baffles 18 with bait ration, then send into bait through a discharge gate 11 and carry out vibration unloading on the vibration mechanism 3, send into the whole process of throwing the material in 4 below of throwing the material mechanism and carrying out the centrifugation, whole technical scheme's technical advantage:
1. about unloading mechanism: the baiting mechanism 2 comprises a bait bin 6, a stirring rod 7, a material baffle plate 8, a material distributing bin 9, a cone plate 14 and a material guide funnel 10, a first motor 13 drives a chain wheel and a chain to be matched with the chain to finally drive the cone plate 14 to rotate and a driven trapezoidal partition plate 18 above the cone plate to rotate, the stirring rod 7 above the cone plate 14 and a stirring blade 31 above the cone plate are synchronously driven to rotate, so that uniform bait mixing is finally realized, the problem that the lower cavity opening of the bait bin 6 is blocked due to the fact that the bait cannot be completely thrown out and stacked in the actual feeding process is avoided, the bait waste and the pollution to a water body are reduced to a certain extent, meanwhile, the baiting mechanism adopts a simple and easily-maintained and replaced part structure, the labor cost is finally reduced, the automatic bait baiting mechanism is adopted through the driving of the first motor 13, the culture is more standardized and standardized, and a good solution is provided for the feeding scheme of aquaculture; the rotating structure arranged in the distribution bin 9 can realize accurate control of the feeding amount of bait, and according to different aquatic product types, the aperiodic habits of aquatic products on environmental changes, feeding habits of the aquatic products and the like, the structure can accurately control feeding time, feeding amount and feeding points according to big data, so that inaccurate control of the feeding amount of feeding time in manual feeding is avoided, bait waste is caused, and economic cost is increased, so that the mechanism can be used for reducing the fund investment of aquaculture, simultaneously guaranteeing the safety of waterborne operators, and obtaining higher input conversion ratio; the following description is made for each component:
1.1, fixedly connecting the stirring rod 7 with a connecting shaft 14-1 of the cone plate 14; the striker plate 8 is fixed at the reducing taper mouth of the material guide funnel 10, and the installation position is above the material distribution bin 9; the bottom of the material distributing bin 9 is connected with a motor rotating shaft through a chain and is driven by a motor to integrally rotate; the cylindrical end wall surface of the material guide funnel 10 is sleeved on the material distribution bin 9, and the conical end is connected with the wall surface of the bait bin 6; the bait bin 6 and the material guide funnel 10 are integrally arranged in the shell 1;
1.2, aiming at the stirring rod 7, the stirring rod is a slender cylindrical main shaft, the bottom of the main shaft is connected with a connecting shaft 14-1 of a cone plate 14 through a spline shaft, three layers of cylindrical stirring blades 31 are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the main shaft, wherein the first layer of stirring blades 31 are arranged in a single side, and the installation position is relatively close to the top; the second layer of stirring blades 31 are symmetrically arranged at two sides, are vertical to the first layer of stirring blades 31, have the same length as the first layer, and are arranged in the middle of the main rod; the third layer of stirring blades 31 are symmetrically arranged on two sides, are perpendicular to the second layer of stirring blades 31, are shorter than the first two layers in length on one side, and are arranged close to the striker plate 8; the stirring vanes 31 of each layer are equally spaced. When the first motor 13 drives the main shaft to rotate, the three layers of cylindrical stirring blades 31 can periodically stir bait in the bait bin, so that compared with other traditional bait discharging bins, the design scheme innovatively uses the cylindrical stirring blades 31 to primarily stir the bait, plays a role in accelerating the discharging speed and can well prevent the bait from caking; because the side surface of the cylinder body has a certain radian, the shearing force generated on the bait in the stirring process is smaller, and the phenomenon of crushed materials caused by overlarge torque can be effectively avoided by adopting the cylindrical trapezoidal partition plate; the three layers of stirring blades 31 are different in installation mode and length, so that the stirring space can be expanded into the whole bait bin as much as possible, the stirring efficiency is greatly improved, the internal bait can be distributed more uniformly, and the next rough-adjusting blanking process can be carried out in a better distribution condition;
1.3, aiming at the improvement of the striker plate 8, the shape of the striker plate is a semicircular flat plate, a semicircular hole is formed in the circle center, the main body of the striker plate 8 is fixed at the reducing hole of the guide funnel 10 through a screw, the central circular hole is concentric with the stirring rod 7, and the wall surface of the hole is fixed with the outer edge of a rolling bearing sleeved on the stirring rod 7; the striker plate 8 is symmetrically provided with two groups of downward rib plate assemblies on one side facing the material distribution bin, each group of rib plate assemblies consists of two trapezoidal rib plates 8-1 distributed at an angle of 45 degrees, one of the rib plates is arranged along the straight edge of the semicircular plate, the trapezoidal rib plate 8-1 is narrowest at the position close to the circle center and widest at the position of the arc edge, and the outline of the trapezoidal rib plate 8-1 is matched with the outline of the partition plate of the material distribution bin; when the stirring rod 7 rotates to drive the bait to descend, the baffle plate 8 can prevent a part of the bait from directly entering the distribution bin 9, compared with other traditional bait descending bins, the structure can enable the bait to quantitatively fall into the distribution bin 9 from an unshielded feed opening in the descending process; when the blanking machine stops working, the trapezoidal rib plate 8-1 structure on the other side of the striker plate 8 can effectively prevent bait from falling into the bin blocked by the striker plate main body due to inertia, so that the feeding amount at each time can be more accurate;
1.4, aiming at the improvement of the cone plate 14, the cone mounting plate forms an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane; a connecting shaft 14-1 penetrating through the bottom surface is arranged in the middle of the cone mounting plate, the upper end of the connecting shaft 14-1 is connected with the stirring rod 7 through a spline, a chain wheel is fixed on the lower end surface of the connecting shaft 14-1, and the chain wheel is connected with a first motor 13 through a chain; the 8 trapezoidal partition plates 18 are vertically inserted into grooves on the cone plate 14 and the side edge of the connecting shaft 14-1, the space surrounded by the material distribution bin and the cylindrical wall surface of the material guide funnel 10 is equally divided into 8 small closed bins 34, the trapezoidal inclined edge of each trapezoidal partition plate 18 is matched with the trapezoidal rib plate 8-1 of the material baffle plate 8 in shape, and finally the trapezoidal partition plates 18 are fixed on the cone plate 14 by screws; the round edge of the bottom of the cone plate 14 is sleeved with a large bearing, and the outer edge of the bearing is fixed at the bottom of the material guide plate. When the motor rotates, the chain drives the chain wheel at the bottom of the material distribution bin to rotate, so that the material distribution bin rotates at a controllable speed, and then the stirring blades are driven to rotate together by the spline shaft; the bait falls into the distribution bin along with the rotation of the stirring blades in an accelerating way through the unshielded feed opening, and can be uniformly filled in each small bin along with the rotation of the distribution bin, when the bin where the bait is located rotates to the discharge opening of the guide funnel, the whole feed bin can automatically slide out due to gravity to enter the next feeding link, so that compared with other traditional bait feed bins, the integral structure of the structure is simple and easy, high-efficiency, and can accurately control the quantity to ensure the feeding, each small bin can be sequentially and uniformly filled with the bait through the fixed baffle plate at the upper end of the distribution bin, and the feeding quantity of the bait at each time is accurately controlled; because the discharge port and the striker plate are arranged on the same side, the quantitative discharge of the baits every other half circle along with the rotation of the distribution bin can be realized, and the task of timed automatic feeding can be more easily completed;
1.5, aiming at the material guide funnel 10, the shape is funnel-shaped, the cylindrical wall surface of the funnel is sleeved on the material distribution bin, and the inner wall surface is attached to the outer edge of the trapezoidal partition plate; a bearing is arranged in the cylindrical port, and the material distribution bin is fixed with the material guide hopper 10 in the axial direction by the bearing and can rotate relatively to the circumferential direction; the conical inner wall surface is provided with a spirally raised arc-shaped guide transverse bar 35, and the rotating direction is consistent with the rotating direction of the main shaft of the stirring blade; the conical port of the funnel is welded with the wall surface of the cylindrical bait bin with the same diameter, the funnel is integrally buckled in the mounting hole of the outer shell body through the appearance of the funnel, and the concentric cylindrical wall surface is utilized for positioning, so that compared with a bait blanking bin in other traditional methods, the spiral arc-shaped guide cross bar 35 is designed at the bottom of the bait bin in the design, when the stirring blade rotates, the bait on the bottom surface cannot be efficiently stirred due to the fact that the length of the cylindrical blade is fixed, so that the bait is remained, and only small stirring force is needed after the arc-shaped guide cross bar 35, so that the bait on the inclined surface can quickly fall into the tail-end material distribution bin through the arc-shaped guide cross bar 35, and the problem that the bottom bait is slowly fallen and remained due to overlarge resistance is avoided;
1.6, aiming at a bait bin 6, the wall surface of the bait bin is cylindrical and barrel-shaped, and the bottom of the bait bin is welded with a conical opening of a material guide funnel 10; the outer wall surface of the shell can be sleeved in the mounting hole of the shell 1; a matched bait sealing cover 36 is designed at the position of the bin opening to prevent the internal bait from being affected with damp.
2. Regarding to the improvement of the material throwing mechanism, the material throwing mechanism can realize large-area, timing and fixed-point material throwing, and comprises a second motor 19, a material throwing funnel 20, a three-way conical pipe 21 and a turntable 22, wherein the turntable 22 is fixed on the material throwing machine; a shaft is arranged below the rotary disc 22, the motor provides power, and the three-way conical tube 21 performs centering circular motion in the rotary disc 22; the material throwing funnel 20 is vertically fixed above the three-way conical pipe 21, and the conical end of the material throwing funnel is fixed above the rotating center of the three-way conical pipe 21; throwing material mechanism integral erection is in throwing material machine box, describes below to each part:
2.1, aiming at the rotary disc 22, the main body of the rotary disc 22 is funnel-shaped, the cylindrical end of the rotary disc 22 receives bait from the upside, meanwhile, the slope of the inclined plane of the rotary disc 22 enables the bait to smoothly enter the three-way tapered pipe 21, the abnormal feeding work caused by the blockage of the bait in the material throwing mechanism is prevented, the conical end of the rotary disc 22 is connected with the notch of the three-way tapered pipe 21, and meanwhile, the conical end of the rotary disc is ensured to be right above the rotation center of the three-way tapered pipe 21, so that the bait can smoothly enter the three-way tapered pipe 21, the blockage is prevented, the blanking efficiency is improved, and the bait can smoothly enter the material throwing link;
2.2, aiming at the three-way conical tube 21, the shape is in a shuttle-like shape with a thick middle part and thin two ends, a rotating shaft is arranged in the center and is driven by a motor II 19, so that the three-way conical tube 21 can do circular motion on a turntable 22 by a fixed center, a circular hole is arranged in the center, a small partition plate 21-2 is arranged in the center of the three-way conical tube 21, the middle small partition plate divides the three-way conical tube 21 into a pipeline consisting of two cavities, the three-way conical tube 21 is fixed in the center of the turntable 22 by a transmission shaft below the three-way conical tube 21, the motor II 19 below drives the three-way conical tube 21 to do centering circular motion by the rotating shaft of the three-way conical tube 21, and bait in the three-way conical tube 21 is thrown out under the action of the centrifugal force of the centering circular motion, so that the action of throwing is realized; the small partition plate 21-2 in the middle of the three-way conical pipe 21 is provided with a certain protrusion to enter the conical end of the turntable 22, so that the bait near the conical end is scattered while the three-way conical pipe makes centering circular motion, the bait in the turntable 22 can be smoothly scattered to enter the three-way conical pipe 21, the blockage of the bait in the turntable 22 is avoided, the material throwing efficiency is improved, and the material throwing operation is better performed; the three-way conical pipe 21 is designed into a shuttle shape with two ends thin and a thick middle, during the rotation process, the bait is gradually increased under pressure, and under the action of centrifugal force, the bait can be thrown to a place with a larger range, thereby realizing the large-range throwing of the bait;
2.3, aiming at the rotary table 22, the shape of which is a circular disc, baffles are arranged around the rotary table 22, grooves with certain lengths are formed in the baffles to form an arc-shaped outlet 12, the main body of the rotary table 22 is fixed on a motor II, the center of the circumference of the rotary table is concentric with the center of a three-way conical pipe 21, and the rotary table can rotate around the center of the circumference under the drive of a motor II 19, because the arc-shaped outlet 12 is arranged on the side edge of the rotary table 22, when the thin opening of the three-way conical pipe 21 rotates through the grooves, bait is thrown out through the arranged arc-shaped outlet 12, and when the thin opening of the three-way conical pipe 21 does not pass through the arc-shaped outlet 12, the thin opening of the three-way conical pipe 21 is blocked by the baffles, and the bait cannot be thrown out, the design realizes the bait to be thrown out within a certain range; meanwhile, the turntable 22 can perform circular motion around the center of the circumference of the turntable under the driving of the motor II 19, and the position of the groove formed in the baffle is changed through the circular motion, so that the orientation and fixed-point throwing of the bait are realized;
3. the improvement of the vibration mechanism comprises the following points:
3.1, in the embodiment, the base plate of the vibration disc 23 is in a bilaterally symmetrical hexagon (two corners at a short edge are cut off in a rectangle), the short edge with the removed corner is used as a bait outlet, namely a feed opening 23-1, then the normal line of the symmetry plane is used as the observation direction, the bottom surface of the vibration disc 23 is a plane, the feed plane, namely the upper surface of the vibration disc 23 and the horizontal plane are inclined by 4 degrees, and the lowest position of the feed opening 23-1 is ensured; except the short edge of the outlet, the other edges are provided with baffle plates higher than the feeding surface, a plurality of groups of arc transverse strips 33 with equally spaced arc sections and convex arc cross sections are arranged on the feeding surface, and the distribution direction of the arc transverse strips 33 is vertical to the long edge of the chassis. The higher end of the vibration disc 23 faces an upstream discharge port, when the motor II 19 is started to drive the vibration disc 23 to vibrate up and down, bait falling at the higher position of the vibration disc 23 can move to a lower outlet along with vibration, and compared with other traditional bait feeding mechanisms, the structure has the advantages that the bait conveying process is further improved and innovated by the design scheme, common pipeline transportation is improved into inclined plane transportation, so that the bait is not easy to block in the conveying process, the conveying path is not easy to adhere, and bait particles are distributed more uniformly; because the higher partition plate is arranged at the edge of the vibration disc 23, the phenomenon that the bait is popped out of the vibration disc 23 due to overlarge instantaneous amplitude can be effectively prevented in the conveying process, and meanwhile, a good guiding effect can be achieved, so that the bait can smoothly fall from the feed opening 23-1; the arc cross bar 33 on the feeding surface is similar to a deceleration strip, so that the bait can be prevented from rolling down to an outlet too fast due to the inclination of the plane and entering the next feeding link, and the control on the vibration frequency and amplitude of the vibration disc 23 is facilitated, and the feeding speed and the interval time of the bait are accurately controlled;
3.2, a damper 37 is additionally arranged in the embodiment, and the damper 37 mainly comprises a pair of flange-shaped parts which are symmetrically arranged up and down, wherein the center of the bottom flange is a through hole, the center of the top flange is a short shaft, the shaft and the hole are connected by using a linear bearing, and a spring is sleeved between the end faces of the two flanges, so that the relative sliding and the automatic resetting in the vertical direction are realized; four groups of dampers 37 are arranged at four diagonal positions of the vibration disc 23, wherein the bottom flange is connected with the table surface inside the shell 1, and the top flange is connected with the bottom plane of the vibration disc 23 and fixedly connected with the vibration disc by screws. When the second motor 19 is started to drive the vibration disc 23 to vibrate up and down, the top flange of the damper 37 makes vertical linear reciprocating motion and periodically compresses the spring, so that the vibration reduction damper 37 is additionally arranged in the structure, when the vibration disc 23 vibrates at high frequency, the damper 37 can effectively isolate the vibration disc 23 from the shell 1, excessive vibration is prevented from being transmitted to the shell 1 to influence the normal work of other mechanisms, the actual vibration effect of the vibration disc 23 cannot be influenced, and the vibration disc 23 is well supported;
3.3, aiming at the structure arrangement of the eccentric starting device, the main body of the eccentric starting device is a group of link mechanisms consisting of a fixed rod 30 and a swing rod 29. Wherein the fixed rod 30 is arranged at the position close to the center of the bottom of the vibration disc 23 through a screw, and a hole at the other end is connected with a hole on the swing rod 29 through a cylindrical hinge; the hole on the other end of the swing rod 29 is hinged with the eccentric short shaft on the end face of the transmission shaft 26, when the motor II 19 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 26 to rotate, the eccentric short shaft can rotate around the axis in the vertical plane, and in order to ensure that the motion in the vertical direction is kept, the eccentric short shaft and the transmission shaft 26 are eccentrically arranged, so that the vibration disc 23 is driven to vertically vibrate in a reciprocating manner, therefore, compared with other traditional bait blanking mechanisms, the design scheme is further improved and innovated in the bait conveying process, the torque output of the motor can be converted into linear output through a group of simple connecting rod mechanisms, the whole structure is convenient to install and high in transmission efficiency, meanwhile, the vibration amplitude and frequency can be roughly adjusted by changing the eccentric distance and the length of the connecting rod in the actual operation, and the bait conveying speed can be finely adjusted by changing the output power of the motor, so that the bait feeding mechanism has good practical performance;
3.4, aiming at the structure arrangement of the transmission shaft, the main body of the transmission shaft is composed of three parts, wherein the first part is a slender cylindrical shaft and is used for integrally installing the transmission shaft in the shell, and a bearing is sleeved outside the slender cylindrical shaft to ensure that the transmission shaft realizes fixed-shaft rotation; the second part is a bevel straight gear shaft, and a bevel gear on the second part is meshed with a bevel gear on the motor spindle to play a role in transmission; the third part is an eccentric hinge shaft which is a cylindrical shaft with a larger diameter, an eccentric short shaft is further designed at the end face and is used for being connected with an eccentric starting device, when the second motor 19 is started, the transmission direction of output torque can be changed through the pair of bevel gears so as to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, and then the eccentric shaft converts the rotary motion into linear motion through the eccentric starting device, so that the vibration of the mechanism is realized. Compared with other transmission methods of traditional bait feeding mechanisms, the transmission scheme adopted by the scheme has the advantages of compact structure, high transmission efficiency, convenience in installation and capability of fully meeting the use requirements;
3.5, aiming at the straight-tooth bevel gear set 24, the straight-tooth bevel gear set comprises a first bevel gear 24-1 and a second bevel gear 24-2, and the first bevel gear 24-1 is meshed with a second gear on an output shaft of a second motor through a first gear 27 at the lower part to play the roles of transmitting torque and changing the transmission direction. The user can realize the control to vibration dish vibration amplitude and frequency through changing servo motor's output, and then control bait input volume and input speed.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic bait casting machine comprises a shell (1), a blanking mechanism (2), a vibrating mechanism (3) and a throwing mechanism (4), wherein the blanking mechanism (2), the vibrating mechanism and the throwing mechanism are distributed from top to bottom, and the automatic bait casting machine is characterized in that the blanking mechanism (2) comprises a bait bin (6), a stirring rod (7), a material baffle plate (8) and a material distribution bin (9), a material guide funnel (10) communicated with the material distribution bin (9) is arranged below the bait bin (6), a discharge hole I (11) is arranged on the side edge below the material distribution bin (9), a cone plate (14) is arranged in the material distribution bin (9), a connecting shaft (14-1) is arranged in the middle of the cone plate (14), the upper end of the connecting shaft (14-1) is connected with the stirring rod (7) positioned in the bait bin (6), more than one layer of stirring blades (31) is arranged on the stirring rod (7), a motor I (13) is arranged outside the material distribution bin (9), an output shaft of the motor I (13) is connected with the bait bin (14-1) through the connecting shaft, more than one baffle plate (18) is arranged on the cone plate (14) in a chain manner, and the baffle plate (18) is fixed at the outlet of the trapezoid hopper (10) below the horizontal position;
the bait throwing mechanism (4) comprises a second motor (19), a bait throwing funnel (20), a three-way conical pipe (21) and a rotary table (22), an output shaft of the second motor (19) is connected with the rotary table (22), the three-way conical pipe (21) is arranged in the rotary table (22), two communication ports of the three-way conical pipe (21) serve as a second discharge port (21-1), an arc-shaped outlet (12) corresponding to the second discharge port (21-1) is formed in the side edge of the rotary table (22), the other communication port of the three-way conical pipe (21) is connected with an outlet of the bait throwing funnel (20), and bait output by the first discharge port (11) is conveyed to the rotary table (22) by the vibrating mechanism (3);
the vibration mechanism (3) comprises a vibration disc (23), a straight-tooth conical gear set (24) and an eccentric starting device (25), the straight-tooth conical gear set (24) is in transmission connection with a second motor (19), the straight-tooth conical gear set (24) comprises a first conical gear (24-1) and a second conical gear (24-2) meshed with the first conical gear (24-1), a first gear (27) is connected below the first conical gear (24-1), a second gear (28) is connected to an output shaft of the second motor (19), the first gear (27) is meshed with the second gear (28), a transmission shaft (26) connected with one end of the eccentric starting device (25) is arranged on the straight-tooth conical gear set (24), the transmission shaft (26) comprises a slender cylindrical shaft (26-1) used for integrally installing the transmission shaft (26) in the shell (1), a straight conical gear shaft (26-2) used for installing the second gear (24-2) and an eccentric short shaft (26-3), the straight-cone shaft (26-2) and the eccentric starting device (26-3) is connected with the short shaft (26-4), and the eccentric starting device (25) is connected with the end face of the eccentric starting device (25), make vibration dish (23) carry out the vibration of vertical direction when eccentric starting drive (25) do up-and-down reciprocating motion, the upper surface of vibration dish (23) is the inclined plane, the low side on vibration dish (23) inclined plane is provided with feed opening (23-1) that are located carousel (22) top, discharge gate (11) are located vibration dish (23) top.
2. The automatic bait casting machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric actuating device (25) comprises a swing link (29) hinged with the eccentric short shaft (26-4), a fixed rod (30) is hinged at the other end of the swing link (29), and the other end of the fixed rod (30) is connected with the vibrating plate (23).
3. The automatic bait casting machine according to claim 1, wherein the chain connection structure between the output shaft of the first motor (13) and the connecting shaft (14-1) is as follows: the connecting shaft (14-1) extends out of the bottom of the distributing bin (9) and then is connected with a second chain wheel (16), an output shaft of the first motor (13) is connected with a first chain wheel (15), and the first chain wheel (15) and the second chain wheel (16) are connected through a chain (17).
4. An automatic bait casting machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that three layers of cylindrical stirring blades (31) are arranged on the stirring rod (7), wherein the first layer of stirring blades (31) is arranged in a unilateral manner, the second layer of stirring blades (31) is arranged in a bilateral symmetry manner, the third layer of stirring blades (31) is arranged in a bilateral symmetry manner, and the length of the second layer of stirring blades (31) is longer than that of the third layer of stirring blades (31).
5. The automatic bait casting machine according to claim 4, wherein the periphery of the vibration disc (23) is provided with a baffle (32), the vibration disc (23) is provided with more than one raised arc cross bar (33), the bottom of the vibration disc (23) is provided with more than one damper (37), the bottom of the damper (37) is fixed on a table top (1-1) inside the shell (1), the bottom of the vibration disc (23) is a horizontal plane, the angle of a surface above the vibration disc (23) contacted with bait is 4 degrees, and the feed opening (23-1) is positioned at the lower end of the inclined plane of the vibration disc (23).
6. The automatic bait casting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the trapezoidal partition (18) has 8 pieces, the 8 pieces of the trapezoidal partition (18) divide the cone plate (14) into 8 small chambers (34) with 45 degrees, and the bottom of each small chamber (34) is provided with a slope of 30 degrees.
7. The automatic bait casting machine according to claim 6, wherein more than one arc-shaped guide cross bar (35) is arranged on the inner side of the material guide funnel (10) and the material throwing funnel (20).
8. The automatic bait casting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that a feed opening (6-1) is arranged above the bait chamber (6), and a cover (36) is hinged on the side of the feed opening (6-1).
CN202210406391.1A 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Automatic bait casting machine Active CN114793982B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118370257B (en) * 2024-06-26 2024-09-17 霞浦蕊特农业科技有限公司 Night feeding device for mariculture

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2362285Y (en) * 1999-06-30 2000-02-09 张晓清 Vibration type bait throwing machine for fish pond
CN2698074Y (en) * 2004-04-26 2005-05-11 张晓青 Charge type direct current fodder sending machine
CN101755701A (en) * 2009-07-25 2010-06-30 吴海钧 Feeding machine
KR20120041078A (en) * 2010-10-20 2012-04-30 김정명 Quantitative control device for vibration lock
CN109924154A (en) * 2017-12-16 2019-06-25 浙江富地机械有限公司 A kind of feeder
CN113197140A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-03 江苏大学 General type machine of feeding of ice bright trash fish and granule bait

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2362285Y (en) * 1999-06-30 2000-02-09 张晓清 Vibration type bait throwing machine for fish pond
CN2698074Y (en) * 2004-04-26 2005-05-11 张晓青 Charge type direct current fodder sending machine
CN101755701A (en) * 2009-07-25 2010-06-30 吴海钧 Feeding machine
KR20120041078A (en) * 2010-10-20 2012-04-30 김정명 Quantitative control device for vibration lock
CN109924154A (en) * 2017-12-16 2019-06-25 浙江富地机械有限公司 A kind of feeder
CN113197140A (en) * 2021-05-19 2021-08-03 江苏大学 General type machine of feeding of ice bright trash fish and granule bait

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