CN114776396B - Quick starting system and operation method for coal-fired power plant - Google Patents
Quick starting system and operation method for coal-fired power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN114776396B CN114776396B CN202210590694.3A CN202210590694A CN114776396B CN 114776396 B CN114776396 B CN 114776396B CN 202210590694 A CN202210590694 A CN 202210590694A CN 114776396 B CN114776396 B CN 114776396B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid starting system and an operation method of a coal-fired power plant, wherein in the shutdown process of the power plant, part of bypass steam is recovered and stored in a heat storage system, so that the energy loss of the power plant is reduced; in the starting process, the parameters of the steam generated by the boiler are improved by utilizing the recovered energy steam, so that the steam turbine can be started in advance. According to the invention, the main steam is heated in the power plant starting process, so that more main steam is utilized, and the energy loss in the power plant starting process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal-fired power plants, in particular to a quick starting system and an operation method of a coal-fired power plant.
Background
With the continuous development of renewable energy sources, the capacity of renewable energy sources for power generation is also continuously increasing. Because renewable energy sources have the characteristics of randomness and unpredictability, renewable power generation has adverse effects on the stability of a power grid, and because the peak shaving task of the power grid is mainly born by a coal-fired power plant at present, the peak shaving task of the power plant is also increased.
The peak regulation of the power plant is mainly realized by methods of quick load change, start-stop and the like, the starting speed of the coal-fired power plant is improved, the energy consumption in the starting process is reduced, the peak regulation performance of the coal-fired power plant is improved, the existing unit adopts a combined starting technology of a boiler and a steam turbine generator unit, the steam turbine cannot be started before the parameters of steam generated by the boiler meet the requirements of starting the steam turbine, the starting time is increased, unqualified steam can pass through a bypass and is sent to a condenser, and energy waste is caused. Therefore, how to increase the starting time of the coal-fired power plant and reduce the starting energy consumption is a problem to be solved urgently for increasing the flexibility of the coal-fired power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a rapid starting system and an operation method of a coal-fired power plant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the rapid starting system of the coal-fired power plant comprises a boiler, wherein the boiler is connected with a steam-molten salt heat exchanger, a steam turbine set and a condenser, a main steam bypass inlet valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler and the steam turbine set, a steam turbine inlet regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler and the steam turbine set, a steam turbine bypass valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler and the condenser, main steam of the boiler is fed into a heat source side of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger, outlets of cold source sides of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger are connected with a high-temperature heat storage tank and a low-temperature heat storage tank, outlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank and the low-temperature heat storage tank are connected with inlets of the cold source sides of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger, outlets of the heat source sides of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger are connected with the condenser through pipelines, and the steam turbine set is connected with the condenser.
The connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat storage tank is provided with a high-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve, and the connecting pipeline of the high-temperature heat storage tank and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger is provided with a high-temperature molten salt pump and a high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve.
The low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger and the low-temperature heat storage tank, and the low-temperature molten salt pump and the low-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the low-temperature heat storage tank and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger.
A main steam bypass outlet valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger and the steam turbine unit, and a main steam bypass exhaust valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger and the condenser.
A bypass attemperator is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler and the condenser.
The condenser is connected with the condensate pump, the condensate pump is connected with the regenerative heater group, the regenerative heater group is connected with the water supply pump, the water supply pump is connected with the water supply regulating valve, the water supply regulating valve is connected with the boiler, and the steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine group is connected with the regenerative heater group through a pipeline.
The heat source side inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger is connected with an adjacent unit, and an adjacent machine steam supplementing attemperator and an adjacent machine steam supplementing regulating valve are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the adjacent unit and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger.
The operation method of the quick start system of the coal-fired power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
in the shutdown process of the unit, a main steam bypass inlet valve is regulated to enable the steam flow entering the turbine unit to reach the requirement of the load reduction rate of the turbine unit, redundant steam generated by a boiler enters the steam-molten salt heat exchanger through the main steam bypass inlet valve, the molten salt flow entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger is controlled to enable the temperature of molten salt entering the high-temperature heat storage tank to be higher than a low limit value, and low-temperature steam after heat exchange in the steam-molten salt heat exchanger is collected into a condenser; if the temperature of the steam entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger is lower than a set value or the mass of the molten salt in the high-temperature heat storage tank reaches a high limit value, redundant steam generated by the boiler is led into the condenser.
In the starting process of the unit, when the pressure of steam generated by the boiler reaches the starting requirement of the turbine unit, but the temperature of the steam does not reach the starting requirement of the turbine unit, and when the storage amount of molten salt in the high-temperature heat storage tank is higher than 30%, the main steam bypass inlet valve and the main steam bypass outlet valve are opened, so that the steam generated by the boiler enters the steam-molten salt heat exchanger, and the high-temperature molten salt pump, the high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve and the low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve are opened, and the molten salt stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank is utilized to heat the steam generated by the boilerThe heated steam temperature reaches the starting requirement of the turbine set, so that the turbine set is started in advance; in this process, the steam flow generated by the boiler is compared with the steam flow expected to be consumed by the steam turbine unit, and if the steam flow generated by the boiler is higher than the steam flow expected to be consumed by the steam turbine unit, the surplus steam D bp The steam flows are converged into a condenser, if the steam flow generated by the boiler is lower than the steam flow expected to be consumed by the steam turbine unit, an adjacent steam supplementing regulating valve is opened to supplement the lacking steam D of the boiler cs ；
The flow rate of high-temperature molten salt entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger needs to be calculated through energy conservation, and the temperature T of the high-temperature heat storage tank is firstly obtained ht And sets the temperature of the molten salt entering the low-temperature heat storage tank 18
Calculating to obtain molten salt enthalpy value by using molten salt property, calculating to obtain vapor enthalpy value by using steam property after obtaining vapor temperature and vapor pressure, and finally obtaining target value +.>
The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: d (D) bl For the steam flow of the boiler outlet, H bl For the enthalpy value of the steam at the outlet of the boiler, D cs The steam supplementing flow of the adjacent unit is H cs The vapor supplementing enthalpy value D of the adjacent unit bp D is the steam flow of a bypass valve of the steam turbine tb To enter the steam flow of the turbine unit, H tb For entering the steam enthalpy value of the turbine set, the steam temperature T entering the turbine set is used for tb And steam pressure P tb Obtaining physical parameters, H ht Is the enthalpy value of the molten salt at the outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank, H ct Enthalpy value of molten salt for entering the low-temperature heat storage tank;
at the goal of obtaining high temperature molten salt pump flowValue of
Thereafter, the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt pump 15 is adjusted to the target value +.>
To enter steam temperature T of steam turbine tb And set temperature +.>
Is fed back to the controller, and the flow D of the main steam bypass inlet valve is regulated through PID control mb The transfer function of the main steam bypass inlet valve signal is:
wherein U(s) is the control signal of the main steam bypass inlet valve, K p 、T i And T d The proportional, integral and differential gains of the controller, respectively.
After the pressure and the temperature of the steam generated by the boiler reach the starting requirements of the turbine unit, the main steam bypass inlet valve and the main steam bypass outlet valve are closed, and the steam inlet regulating valve of the steam turbine is opened, so that the steam generated by the boiler enters the turbine unit through the steam inlet regulating valve of the steam turbine.
During the shutdown of the unit, the minimum temperature of steam entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger is 370 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, in the shutdown process of the power plant, part of bypass steam is recovered and stored in the heat storage system, so that the energy loss of the power plant is reduced; in the starting process, the parameters of the steam generated by the boiler are improved by utilizing the recovered energy steam, so that the steam turbine can be started in advance, and the main steam which does not meet the starting requirement of the steam turbine is recycled.
Furthermore, the invention can improve the parameters of the steam generated by the boiler through the steam of the adjacent units, thereby reducing the bypass energy loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the present invention;
the boiler comprises a boiler, 2, a main steam bypass inlet valve, 3, a steam turbine inlet regulating valve, 4, a steam turbine bypass valve, 5, a steam turbine unit, 6, a condenser, 7, a condensate pump, 8, a regenerative heater unit, 9, a water supply pump, 10, a water supply regulating valve, 11, a steam-molten salt heat exchanger, 12, a main steam bypass outlet valve, 13, a main steam bypass exhaust valve, 14, a high-temperature heat storage tank, 15, a high-temperature molten salt pump, 16, a high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve, 17, a low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve, 18, a low-temperature heat storage tank, 19, a low-temperature molten salt pump, 20, a low-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve, 21, a high-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve, 22, a bypass desuperheater, 23, an adjacent machine steam supplementing regulating valve, 24, an adjacent machine steam supplementing desuperheater, 25 and an adjacent machine set.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a rapid starting system of a coal-fired power plant comprises a boiler 1, wherein the boiler 1 is connected with a steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11, a steam turbine set 5 and a condenser 6, a main steam bypass inlet valve 2 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler 1 and the steam turbine set 5, a steam turbine inlet regulating valve 3 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler 1 and the steam turbine set 5, a steam turbine bypass valve 4 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the boiler 1 and the condenser 6, main steam of the boiler 1 is sent into a heat source side of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11, a cold source side outlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is connected with a high-temperature heat storage tank 14 and a low-temperature heat storage tank 18, outlets of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 and the low-temperature heat storage tank 18 are both connected with a cold source side inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11, a heat source side outlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is connected with the condenser 6 through a pipeline, and the steam turbine set 5 is connected with the condenser 6. A bypass attemperator 22 is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the boiler 1 and the condenser 6.
The connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 is provided with a high-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 21, and the connecting pipeline of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is provided with a high-temperature molten salt pump 15 and a high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 16. The low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 17 is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 and the low-temperature heat storage tank 18, and the low-temperature molten salt pump 19 and the low-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 20 are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the low-temperature heat storage tank 18 and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11. A main steam bypass outlet valve 12 is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 and the steam turbine unit 5, and a main steam bypass exhaust valve 13 is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 and the condenser 6.
The condenser 6 is connected with the condensate pump 7, the condensate pump 7 is connected with the regenerative heater group 8, the regenerative heater group 8 is connected with the water supply pump 9, the water supply pump 9 is connected with the water supply regulating valve 10, the water supply regulating valve 10 is connected with the boiler 1, and the steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine unit 5 is connected with the regenerative heater group 8 through a pipeline.
The heat source side inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is connected with an adjacent unit 25, and an adjacent machine steam supplementing attemperator 24 and an adjacent machine steam supplementing regulating valve 23 are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the adjacent unit 25 and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11.
The working media of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 and the low-temperature heat storage tank 18 are molten salt, the minimum temperature of the working media of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 is 370 ℃, and the minimum temperature of the working media of the low-temperature heat storage tank 18 is 240 ℃.
The operation method of the quick start system of the coal-fired power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the outlet of the boiler 1 is divided into three branches, the first branch is connected with the inlet of the main steam bypass inlet valve 2, the second branch is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine inlet regulating valve 3, and the third branch is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine bypass valve 4; the outlet of the main steam bypass inlet valve 2 is converged with the outlet of the adjacent machine steam supplementing regulating valve 23 and is connected with the steam inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11, the steam outlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is divided into two branches which are respectively connected with the inlet of the main steam bypass outlet valve 12 and the inlet of the main steam bypass exhaust valve 13, the outlet of the steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve 3 is converged with the outlet of the main steam bypass outlet valve 12 and is connected with the inlet of the turbine unit 5, and the outlet of the steam turbine bypass valve 4 is converged with the outlet of the main steam bypass exhaust valve 13 and is connected with the steam inlet of the condenser 6 through the bypass attemperator 22; the exhaust steam outlet of the turbine unit 5 is connected with the exhaust steam inlet of the condenser 6, the steam extraction outlet of the turbine unit 5 is connected with the steam inlet of the regenerative heater unit 8, the condensate outlet of the condenser 6 is connected with the water supply inlet of the regenerative heater unit 8 through the condensate pump 7, and the water supply outlet of the regenerative heater unit 8 is connected with the inlet of the boiler 1 through the water supply regulating valve 10; the molten salt outlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is divided into two branches, wherein the first branch is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 through a high-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 21, the outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 is connected with the inlet of a high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 16 through a high-temperature molten salt pump 15, the other branch is connected with the inlet of a low-temperature heat storage tank 18 through a low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 17, and the outlet of the low-temperature heat storage tank 18 is connected with a low-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 20 through a low-temperature molten salt pump 19; the outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 16 is converged with the outlet of the high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 16, and is connected with the molten salt inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11.
In the operation method of the rapid starting system of the coal-fired power plant, in the shutdown process of a unit, a main steam bypass inlet valve 2, a steam turbine inlet regulating valve 3, a main steam bypass exhaust valve 13, a low-temperature molten salt pump 19, a low-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 20 and a high-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 21 are opened, the steam turbine bypass valve 4, the main steam bypass outlet valve 12, the high-temperature molten salt pump 15, the high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 16, the low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 17 and an adjacent steam supplementing regulating valve 23 are closed, the main steam bypass inlet valve 2 is regulated, so that the steam flow entering the steam turbine unit 5 reaches the requirement of the load reduction rate of the steam turbine unit 5, redundant steam generated by the boiler 1 enters the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 through the main steam bypass inlet valve 2, the flow rate of molten salt entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is controlled by adjusting the low-temperature molten salt pump 19, so that the temperature of the molten salt entering the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 is higher than 360 ℃, steam enters the condenser 6 through the bypass exhaust valve 13 and the bypass attemperator 22 after heat exchange in the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11, the main steam bypass inlet valve 2, the low-temperature molten salt pump 19, the low-temperature heat storage tank outlet adjusting valve 20 and the high-temperature heat storage tank inlet adjusting valve 21 are closed when the temperature of the steam entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is lower than 360 ℃, and the turbine bypass valve 4 is opened, so that redundant steam generated by the boiler 1 enters the condenser 6 after passing through the main steam bypass exhaust valve 13 and the bypass attemperator 22.
During the start-up of the turbine unit, in particular at a stage before the rotational speed of the turbine unit 5 increases, if the pressure of the steam generated by the boiler 1 reaches a set value but the temperature does not reach the set value, the main steam bypass inlet valve 2, the main steam bypass outlet valve 12, the high temperature molten salt pump 15, the high temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 16 and the low temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 17 are opened, the main steam bypass exhaust valve 13, the low temperature molten salt pump 19, the low temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve 20 and the high temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve 21 are closed, and the aim of the control at this stage is to increase the temperature of the steam generated by the boiler 1 by utilizing the heat storage of the high temperature heat storage tank 14 so that the temperature of the steam reaches the start-up requirement of the turbine unit 5.
In this process, the steam flow generated by the boiler 1 is compared with the steam flow expected to be consumed by the turbine set 5, and if the steam flow generated by the boiler 1 is higher than the steam flow expected to be consumed by the turbine set 5, the surplus steam D is bp The steam flows which are converged into the condenser 6, if the steam flow generated by the boiler 1 is lower than the steam flow expected to be consumed by the steam turbine unit 5, the adjacent steam supplementing regulating valve 23 is opened to supplement the lacking steam D of the boiler 1 cs ；
The flow rate of high-temperature molten salt entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is calculated by conservation of energy, and the temperature T of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14 is obtained first ht And sets the temperature of the molten salt entering the low-temperature heat storage tank 18
Calculating molten salt enthalpy value by using molten salt physical property to obtain steam temperature and steam pressureThen the vapor enthalpy value is obtained by the physical property calculation of the vapor, and finally the target value of the flow of the high-temperature molten salt pump 15 is obtained>
The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: d (D) bl For the steam flow of the outlet of the boiler 1, H bl Is the enthalpy value of steam at the outlet of the boiler 1, D cs For supplementing the flow of steam, H, to adjacent units 25 cs The vapor supplementing enthalpy value D of the adjacent unit 25 bp D is the steam flow of the bypass valve 4 of the steam turbine tb H for steam flow into turbine set 5 tb For the steam enthalpy value entering the turbine set 5, the steam temperature T entering the turbine set 5 is used for tb And steam pressure P tb Obtaining physical parameters, H ht Is the enthalpy value of the outlet molten salt of the high-temperature heat storage tank 14, H ct Enthalpy of molten salt for entering the low temperature heat storage tank 18;
at the time of obtaining the target value of the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt pump 15
Thereafter, the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt pump 15 is adjusted to the target value +.>
To enter steam temperature T of steam turbine tb And set temperature +.>
Is fed back to the controller, and adjusts the flow D of the main steam bypass inlet valve 2 through PID control mb The transfer function of the valve signal of the main steam bypass inlet valve 2 is:
wherein U(s) is the control signal of the main steam bypass inlet valve 2, K p 、T i And T d The proportional, integral and differential gains of the controller, respectively.
After the pressure and the temperature of the steam generated by the boiler 1 reach the starting requirements of the turbine unit 5, the main steam bypass inlet valve 2 and the main steam bypass outlet valve 12 are closed, the steam turbine inlet regulating valve 3 is opened, and the steam generated by the boiler 1 enters the turbine unit 5 through the steam turbine inlet regulating valve 3.
During the shutdown of the unit, the minimum temperature of steam entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger 11 is 370 ℃.
By using the system and the method, bypass loss during shutdown of the coal-fired power plant can be stored, and in the starting process of the power plant, the main steam is heated by utilizing the heat storage, so that the temperature of the main steam is increased, the main steam reaches the starting requirement of the steam turbine as soon as possible, the starting time of the power plant is reduced, meanwhile, unqualified main steam is heated and utilized, the energy loss in the starting process is reduced, the starting efficiency of the power plant is improved, and the flexibility of the power plant is increased.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a quick start-up system of coal fired power plant, a serial communication port, including boiler (1), boiler (1) connect steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11), turbine unit (5) and condenser (6), be provided with main steam bypass import valve (2) on the connecting line of boiler (1) and steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11), be provided with turbine admission control valve (3) on the connecting line of boiler (1) and turbine unit (5), be provided with turbine bypass valve (4) on the connecting line of boiler (1) and condenser (6), the heat source side of steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is sent into to main steam of boiler (1), high temperature heat storage tank (14) and low temperature heat storage tank (18) are connected to steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) cold source side export all, the heat source side export of steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is through pipe connection (6), turbine unit (5) are connected condenser (6).
2. The rapid starting system of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein a high-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve (21) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) and the high-temperature heat storage tank (14), and a high-temperature molten salt pump (15) and a high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve (16) are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the high-temperature heat storage tank (14) and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11).
3. The rapid starting system of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein a low-temperature heat storage tank inlet regulating valve (17) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) and the low-temperature heat storage tank (18), and a low-temperature molten salt pump (19) and a low-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve (20) are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the low-temperature heat storage tank (18) and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11).
4. The rapid starting system of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a main steam bypass outlet valve (12) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) and the steam turbine unit (5), and a main steam bypass exhaust valve (13) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) and the condenser (6).
5. The rapid start system of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a bypass attemperator (22) is arranged on the connection line of the boiler (1) and the condenser (6).
6. The rapid starting system of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the condenser (6) is connected with a condensate pump (7), the condensate pump (7) is connected with a regenerative heater group (8), the regenerative heater group (8) is connected with a water supply pump (9), the water supply pump (9) is connected with a water supply regulating valve (10), the water supply regulating valve (10) is connected with the boiler (1), and a steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine group (5) is connected with the regenerative heater group (8) through a pipeline.
7. The rapid starting system of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein a heat source side inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is connected with an adjacent unit (25), and an adjacent steam supplementing attemperator (24) and an adjacent steam supplementing adjusting valve (23) are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the adjacent unit (25) and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11).
8. A method of operating the rapid start system of a coal-fired power plant of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
in the shutdown process of the unit, a main steam bypass inlet valve (2) is regulated, so that the steam flow entering the steam turbine unit (5) reaches the requirement of the load reduction rate of the steam turbine unit (5), redundant steam generated by the boiler (1) enters a steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) through the main steam bypass inlet valve (2), the flow of molten salt entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is controlled, the temperature of the molten salt entering a high-temperature heat storage tank (14) is higher than a low limit value, and low-temperature steam after heat exchange in the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is led into a condenser (6); if the temperature of the steam entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is lower than a set value or the mass of the molten salt in the high-temperature heat storage tank (14) reaches a high limit value, the redundant steam generated by the boiler (1) is led to the condenser (6).
9. The operation method of the rapid starting system of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 8, wherein in the starting process of the unit, if the steam pressure generated by the boiler (1) reaches the starting requirement of the turbine unit (5), but the steam temperature does not reach the starting requirement of the turbine unit (5), and meanwhile, when the molten salt storage amount of the high-temperature heat storage tank (14) is higher than 30%, the steam generated by the boiler (1) enters the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11), the molten salt stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank (14) is utilized to heat the steam generated by the boiler (1), and the heated steam temperature reaches the starting requirement of the turbine unit (5), so that the turbine unit (5) is started in advance;
an adjacent unit (25) is connected to a heat source side inlet of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11), and an adjacent machine steam supplementing desuperheater (24) and an adjacent machine steam supplementing regulating valve (23) are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the adjacent unit (25) and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11);
on-machineIn the group starting process, comparing the steam flow generated by the boiler (1) with the steam flow expected to be consumed by the steam turbine unit (5), and if the steam flow generated by the boiler (1) is higher than the steam flow expected to be consumed by the steam turbine unit (5), superfluous steam D bp The steam flows are converged into a condenser (6), if the steam flow generated by the boiler (1) is lower than the steam flow expected to be consumed by a steam turbine unit (5), an adjacent steam supplementing regulating valve (23) is opened to supplement the lacking steam D of the boiler (1) cs ；
The calculation method of the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is as follows:
a high-temperature molten salt pump (15) and a high-temperature heat storage tank outlet regulating valve (16) are arranged on the connecting pipeline of the high-temperature heat storage tank (14) and the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11), and the temperature T of the high-temperature heat storage tank (14) is obtained ht And the temperature T of the molten salt entering the low-temperature heat storage tank (18) is set ct Calculating molten salt enthalpy value by using molten salt physical property, obtaining steam temperature and steam pressure, and using steam
Physical property calculation to obtain vapor enthalpy value, and finally obtaining target value D of flow of high-temperature molten salt pump (15) hm The method comprises the following steps:
D hm ＝(D tb H tb -D bl H bl -D cs H cs +D bp H bp )/(H ht -H ct )
wherein: d (D) bl For the steam flow of the outlet of the boiler (1), H bl For the enthalpy value of the outlet steam of the boiler (1), D cs Is the steam supplementing flow rate H of the adjacent unit (25) cs Is the vapor supplementing enthalpy value D of the adjacent unit (25) bp For the steam flow of the bypass valve (4) of the steam turbine, D tb For steam flow into the turbine set (5), H tb For entering the steam enthalpy value of the turbine set (5), the steam temperature T entering the turbine set (5) is used for tb And steam pressure P tb Obtaining physical parameters, H ht Is the enthalpy value of the outlet molten salt of the high-temperature heat storage tank (14), H ct Enthalpy value of molten salt for entering the low temperature heat storage tank (18);
in obtaining a target value of the flow rate of a high-temperature molten salt pump (15)
Thereafter, the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt pump 15 is adjusted to the target value +.>
To enter steam temperature T of steam turbine tb And set temperature +.>
Is fed back to the controller, and the flow D of the main steam bypass inlet valve (2) is regulated by PID control mb The transfer function of the valve signal of the main steam bypass inlet valve (2) is as follows:
wherein U(s) is the control signal of the main steam bypass inlet valve (2), K p 、T i And T d Proportional, integral and differential gains of the controller, respectively;
after the pressure and the temperature of the steam generated by the boiler (1) reach the starting requirements of the turbine unit (5), the steam generated by the boiler (1) enters the turbine unit (5).
10. The method of operation of a rapid start system for a coal fired power plant according to claim 8, wherein during a unit shutdown, the minimum temperature of steam entering the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (11) is 370 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210590694.3A CN114776396B (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Quick starting system and operation method for coal-fired power plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210590694.3A CN114776396B (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Quick starting system and operation method for coal-fired power plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114776396A CN114776396A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
| CN114776396B true CN114776396B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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