CN114707215A - BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization - Google Patents

BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization Download PDF

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CN114707215A
CN114707215A CN202210337522.5A CN202210337522A CN114707215A CN 114707215 A CN114707215 A CN 114707215A CN 202210337522 A CN202210337522 A CN 202210337522A CN 114707215 A CN114707215 A CN 114707215A
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bim
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王强盛
蒋佳成
王一博
江文燕
王笑颜
华亮
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Tus-Design Group Co ltd
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T19/00Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of BIM, and discloses a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps: uploading an original BIM model file, and generating a series of light-weight operations such as a light-weight BIM data model. This technique carries out the lightweight back with the original model of professional BIM, carries out corresponding space cutting according to specific application scene again for the scene of cutting takes place to use the side rather than the model design side, makes the space cutting can go on according to actual application scene, more closes to user's demand. And the original BIM model is defined and cut in a logic space and is stored into a whole or a plurality of independent BIM lightweight models in specific space regions. The method enables the whole or local BIM model file size to be smaller, and the loading and displaying speed of the model to be faster. The method can also avoid the condition that the BIM model is required to be charged by professional BIM personnel for weight reduction, shorten the period of the BIM model for weight reduction and reduce the weight reduction cost.

Description

BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of BIM, in particular to: a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization.
Background
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is used for Building a Building model by taking various relevant Information data of a Building engineering project as a model basis, and simulating real Information of a Building through digital Information. The method has eight characteristics of information completeness, information relevance, information consistency, visualization, coordination, simulation, optimization and graphing. Has become a practical new tool in the fields of architecture, engineering and civil engineering.
When BIM is applied to three-dimensional display and space management, the information content of the model directly causes the effect and speed of display and space management to be seriously reduced. To solve these application efficiency problems, the concept of "BIM model lightweight" has emerged. The "BIM model lightweight" is to reduce the volume of the BIM original model through a series of technical means, for example, reduce the number of points, faces, etc. covered by the model, so as to perform lightweight processing on the original BIM model. Although the conventional BIM model lightweight method can realize moderate weight reduction on the BIM original model, the BIM lightweight model is not ideal for 3D quick display, efficient regional space management and the like.
In the building stage of the BIM original model, because a model builder (including an application party) cannot comprehensively predict the application requirements on the BIM model at the later stage, the original BIM model cannot be subjected to targeted space cutting according to the application requirements. The prior BIM model lightweight technical scheme does not support the direct definable space cutting on the lightweight BIM model and stores the cut space model as an independent lightweight model.
In the prior art, if a local space model in an overall model needs to be obtained, the following two approaches can be adopted:
one, separately construct the original BIM model of this local space, such as a separate reporting room, a separate conference room, etc. The weight reduction of the local space BIM model can be performed only by itself. The method has poor flexibility and long modeling period, and the original BIM is modified, so that the overall BIM model and the local BIM model are inconsistent.
Secondly, the local space model is obtained by hiding certain component information of the lightweight integral BIM model and only showing relevant components required by an application scene, such as a certain floor and the like. However, the hiding mode cannot change the weight of the lightweight model, so that the size of the model cannot be reduced or the loading speed of the model cannot be increased.
In addition, if the space management application is to be implemented by using a conventional BIM model, then it is necessary to add the device entities to be managed in the future and their corresponding attributes when building the BIM model. This requires that the type, number, parameters, brand, application scenario, etc. of the later managed devices be known before BIM modeling, which is clearly not realistic. The invention also provides a possibility as follows: for the same space management requirement, the user can add equipment entities and corresponding attributes thereof on the cut space model to meet the requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization, which has the advantages that the model can be cut according to actual application scenes, the model is closer to the requirements of users, and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose that the model can be cut according to the actual application scene and is closer to the requirements of users, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization comprises the following steps:
step 1, uploading an original BIM model file established by a professional through a BIM model conversion API, wherein the original BIM model file is an IFC model file;
step 2, uploading the IFC model file to a BIM lightweight engine by a BIM model conversion API to generate a lightweight model;
step 3, storing the generated lightweight model to a lightweight server to uniformly manage the lightweight model;
step 4, displaying the lightweight model on the lightweight server to a user through the lightweight model display API;
step 5, a user downloads the lightweight model to the local through a webpage client, and the same lightweight model is displayed and edited through a lightweight model display tool according to different scene requirements to obtain a cutting definition model of scene definition;
step 6, the user transmits the cutting definition model to a lightweight model cutting API;
step 7, transmitting the cutting definition model and the original lightweight model to a lightweight model cutting engine together by a lightweight model cutting API;
and 8, cutting the original lightweight model by the lightweight model cutting engine according to the cutting model to obtain a new lightweight model, and storing the new lightweight model file in a lightweight server.
Optionally, the step 2 specifically includes:
the BIM conversion API uploads the IFC model file to a BIM lightweight engine, the IFC file is converted into a DAE file, and the DAE file is converted into a gITF file; then, BIM model metadata information is extracted from the IFC file, the gITF file and the BIM model metadata information are combined, and a lightweight BIM data model is generated
Optionally, the method further includes: the whole lightweight pipeline is deployed to a cloud server, and file uploading, conversion, storage and downloading services are provided in a standard WebAPI mode.
Optionally, the method further includes: all operations of the lightweight model can be completed on the cloud server, and extraction, removal, export and storage services of model components are provided in a WebAPI mode.
Optionally, the step 6 specifically includes: different users screen the controls in the lightweight model through the lightweight model cutting API according to different application requirements so as to meet specific requirements of customers.
Optionally, step 7 further includes: and cutting the graph boundary of the cutting definition model and adding manual marking operation through a lightweight model cutting API.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization, which has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the BIM is defined and cut in the logic space and is stored into the independent lightweight model, so that the processed lightweight BIM model file is smaller, and the loading and displaying speed of the model is higher. Meanwhile, the method can also avoid the condition that the lightweight processing of the BIM model is implemented by professional BIM modeling personnel, and the whole lightweight period and cost are shortened.
According to the invention, after the original professional BIM model is lightened, cutting is carried out according to a specific application scene, so that the cut scene is generated at an application side instead of an original modeling side. The space cutting can be carried out aiming at the actual application scene, and the requirements of users can be better met.
Meanwhile, space cutting according to a specific application scene can be directly performed on a light-weight displayer instead of professional BIM software (such as Revit), so that labor cost is saved, and meanwhile, a manufacturing process is shortened. Because the cut model only comprises BIM components required by the scene, the volume of the file can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the loading and displaying speeds of the model file are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described below are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this embodiment, first, a method for constructing a lightweight BIM building is described, including:
1. a complete model containing information of buildings, structures, electromechanics and the like is constructed by professional BIM modeling personnel, and the model is converted into an IFC format through a modeling tool.
The IFC is an Industry Foundation Class (Industry Foundation Class) IFC (Industry Foundation Class) of construction Industry issued by International Alliance for Interoperability, IAI (International Alliance for International Alliance), and provides specifications of description and definition of various information processed in a construction engineering implementation process as a data exchange standard of construction Industry. The information herein may describe both a real object, such as a building component, and an abstract concept, such as space, organization, relationship, and process.
2. And establishing a model automatic lightweight pipeline.
Specifically, an IFC interface is programmed and developed firstly, and the IFC is converted into a DAE format file; and programming and developing a DAE interface, and converting the format of the DAE file into a glTF format. And finally, developing an IFC interface through programming, extracting a meta data file from the IFC file, and combining the glTF file and the meta data to generate a light BIM model file. The whole lightweight pipeline is deployed to a cloud server, and services such as file uploading, conversion, storage and downloading and the like related to life cycle management of the whole lightweight model are provided in a standard Web API mode.
Among them, the dae (digital Asset exchange) file format is a 3D interactive file format, and is generally used for exchanging digital data among a plurality of graphics programs. DAE is a 3D model that defines XML namespaces and database schemas to easily transfer 3D assets between applications without losing information, thereby combining various 3D authoring and processing tools into a content generation pipeline. It is designed as an intermediate format for all tools in the content pipeline.
GLTF stands for Graphics Language Transmission Format. This file describes the content of the entire 3D scene. It contains a scene graph describing the scene structure. The 3D objects in the scene are defined by the scene node reference grid. The textures define the appearance of the 3D object, and the animations define the interchange operations (e.g., selection, translation operations) of the 3D object. The skin defines how the 3D object is bone exchanged and the camera defines the viewing cone settings of the rendering program.
3. And establishing an automatic cutting process based on a lightweight model.
And the selection and cutting of the building model are realized by developing an engine of the lightweight model.
Through programming development, not only can specific building components be retained or removed, but also 3D model information can be retained or removed, including geometry common to mesh and models.
Removing unneeded model components helps reduce the model so that it fits more closely to specific scenarios and management needs.
The operation of the lightweight model can be completed on a cloud server, and services such as extraction, removal, export and storage of model components are provided in a Web API mode.
4. Selecting components in lightweight models
Through the development of the API, a user is allowed to filter controls in the model through information such as ID, name, attribute and relationship. And finally, converting the screened components into corresponding API calls, and transmitting the API calls to pipeline of the automatic lightweight model.
5. Automated pipeline generates a new independent lightweight model.
And the automatic pipeline screens and cuts the original lightweight model according to the transmitted component information, and saves the result into a new lightweight model file.
6. And optimizing the result of the automatic cutting.
And optimizing the generated new lightweight model by providing a graphical tool. The method comprises the steps of cutting the boundary of the graph and adding manual marks, and the requirements of end users are met.
Referring to fig. 1 in particular, a BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization includes the following steps:
step 1, uploading an original BIM model file established by a professional through a BIM model conversion API;
step 2, uploading the IFC model file to a BIM lightweight engine by a BIM model conversion API, firstly converting the IFC file into a DAE file, secondly converting the DAE file into a gITF file, extracting model related metadata information from the IFC file, and combining the gITF file and the model metadata information to generate a lightweight BIM data model;
step 3, storing the generated lightweight data model to a lightweight server, and carrying out unified management on the lightweight model;
step 4, displaying the lightweight model on the lightweight server to a user through a lightweight model display API;
step 5, the user downloads the lightweight model to the local through the webpage client, the lightweight model is displayed and edited through the lightweight model display tool, and the user can carry out different editing (cutting) work on the same lightweight model according to different scene requirements;
step 6, the user transmits the cut definition model to a lightweight model cutting API;
step 7, the lightweight model cutting API transmits the cutting model and the original lightweight model to a lightweight model cutting engine together,
and 8, cutting the original lightweight model by the lightweight model cutting engine according to the cutting model defined by the scene, and storing the generated new lightweight model file in a lightweight server.
Example one
The conference scene is controlled by adopting the method as follows:
1. firstly, deploying BIM lightweight Pipeline on a cloud platform, wherein the BIM lightweight Pipeline comprises the lightweight API, the model cutting API and the like;
2. acquiring a 32-layer commercial/office building model through a BIM modeling center, and formatting an IFC file;
3. uploading the file to a cloud platform, converting the file into a lightweight BIM model through pipeline, and displaying the effect of the whole model through a webpage BIM displayer;
4. a plurality of multifunctional meeting halls in the building need to carry out automatic scene design, including braking air conditioning, fresh air control, image equipment control, light control, access control and the like;
5. based on specific scene requirements, screening a lightweight model by using information such as floor, area and room names, and selecting building components in the first multifunctional conference hall and equipment in a room, such as an air conditioner controller, projector equipment, lighting appliances and the like;
6. clicking a button for generating a lightweight model of the conference room, confirming that the newly generated model only contains related components and equipment of the just selected multifunctional conference room I in a popped model preview window, and finally clicking a button for exporting the model;
7. the lightweight model of a multi-functional meeting room is looked over to click the button, can only show a multi-functional meeting room and relevant component on BIM model display, and the user can select corresponding component to control equipment such as air conditioner, illumination, projecting apparatus.
Example two
The method is adopted to reform the using scene of the room:
1. firstly, acquiring a 32-layer commercial/office building model through a BIM (building information modeling) center, and formatting an IFC (information flow control) file;
2. uploading the file to a cloud platform, converting the file into a lightweight BIM model through pipeline, and displaying the effect of the whole model through a webpage BIM displayer;
3. one room in the building is a rental room and is transformed into a conference room for use by clients, but the room is not defined as the conference room on the original BIM model;
4. based on the requirements, screening a lightweight model by using information such as floors, areas, room names and the like, selecting building components in the room and equipment in the room, clicking to generate a conference room lightweight model button, confirming selection in a model preview window, and finally clicking to derive the model button;
5. now by selectively showing the XX meeting room, only the XX meeting room and its related detail components can be displayed on the BIM model displayer, and the user can select the corresponding components to control the air conditioner, lighting, projector, and other devices.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the logic space of the professional original BIM model is defined and cut and stored into an independent lightweight model, so that the processed lightweight BIM model file is smaller, and the loading and displaying speed of the model is higher. Meanwhile, the method can also avoid the condition that the lightweight processing of the BIM model is implemented by professional BIM modeling personnel, and the whole lightweight period and cost are shortened.
According to the technology, after the original professional BIM model is lightened, cutting is carried out according to a specific application scene, so that the cutting scene is generated on an application side instead of an original modeling side. Space cutting can be carried out to the practical application scene, can laminate user's demand more. Meanwhile, the cutting can be directly carried out on a light-weight displayer, and a professional BIM software (such as Revit) is not required, so that the labor cost is saved, and meanwhile, the manufacturing process is shortened.
Because the cut model only comprises BIM components required by the scene, the volume of the file can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the loading and displaying speeds of the model file are greatly improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, uploading an original BIM model file established by a professional through a BIM model conversion API, wherein the original BIM model file is an IFC model file;
step 2, uploading the IFC model file to a BIM lightweight engine by a BIM model conversion API to generate a lightweight model;
step 3, storing the generated lightweight model to a lightweight server to uniformly manage the lightweight model;
step 4, displaying the lightweight model on the lightweight server to a user through the lightweight model display API;
step 5, a user downloads the lightweight model to the local through a webpage client, and the same lightweight model is displayed and edited through a lightweight model display tool according to different scene requirements to obtain a cutting definition model of scene definition;
step 6, the user transmits the cutting definition model to a lightweight model cutting API;
step 7, transmitting the cutting definition model and the original lightweight model to a lightweight model cutting engine together by a lightweight model cutting API;
and 8, cutting the original lightweight model by the lightweight model cutting engine according to the cutting model to obtain a new lightweight model, and storing the new lightweight model file in a lightweight server.
2. The BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises:
the BIM conversion API uploads the IFC model file to a BIM lightweight engine, the IFC file is converted into a DAE file, and the DAE file is converted into a gITF file; and then extracting BIM metadata information from the IFC file, and combining the gITF file and the BIM metadata information to generate a lightweight BIM data model.
3. The BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the whole lightweight pipeline is deployed to a cloud server, and file uploading, conversion, storage and downloading services are provided in a standard WebAPI mode.
4. The BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization according to claim 1, wherein all operations of the lightweight model are completed on a cloud server, and the services of extracting, removing, exporting and storing model components are provided by means of WebAPI.
5. The BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization according to claim 1, wherein the step 6 specifically comprises:
different users screen the controls in the lightweight model through the lightweight model cutting API according to different application requirements so as to meet specific requirements of customers.
6. The BIM model lightweight method based on scene customization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 7 further comprises:
and cutting the graph boundary of the cutting definition model and adding manual marking operation through a lightweight model cutting API.
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