CN114684965A - Microstrainer suitable for high density aquaculture - Google Patents

Microstrainer suitable for high density aquaculture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114684965A
CN114684965A CN202210329806.XA CN202210329806A CN114684965A CN 114684965 A CN114684965 A CN 114684965A CN 202210329806 A CN202210329806 A CN 202210329806A CN 114684965 A CN114684965 A CN 114684965A
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China
Prior art keywords
rotary barrel
filtering
water
filter
pipe
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CN202210329806.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114684965B (en
Inventor
杨飞
文畅
潘国英
黄薇薇
姚雪梅
周梅阳
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Hainan University
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Hainan University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/04Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are impervious for filtering
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D33/48Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B01D33/50Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/70Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D33/76Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D36/00Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B01D36/04Combinations of filters with settling tanks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00Aeration of stretches of water
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture. This microstrainer is through establishing a baffle inside the box, separate its inner space for filtering area and blowdown district, it is located the filtering area to filter the commentaries on classics bucket, it is sealed to filter commentaries on classics bucket one end, the other end is uncovered, the inlet tube stretches into the inside that filters the commentaries on classics bucket by the opening end that filters the commentaries on classics bucket, and the distance between the play water end of inlet tube and the blind end that filters the commentaries on classics bucket is 1 times of inlet tube pipe diameter, make inlet tube spun rivers beat and filter the blind end that changes the bucket, it makes rivers backward flow to strike the blind end, it flows along with the open end that the water flow direction filters the commentaries on classics bucket to drive particulate matter such as fish dung, and then flow in the collector in blowdown district, thereby reach the purpose of particulate matter such as separation fish dung, and effectively avoided particulate matter such as fish dung to block up the filter screen. The bottom of the filtering area is provided with an aeration pipe, the filter screen can be continuously cleaned through aeration, the flow of particles to the open end of the filtering rotary barrel is promoted, and meanwhile, part of carbon dioxide generated by the breathing of the fishes can be removed.

Description

Microstrainer suitable for high density aquaculture
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture.
Technical Field
The aquaculture can provide a high-quality food source, is the food industry growing fastest in the world, has a relatively extensive traditional aquaculture mode, is low in industrial degree, particularly has insufficient recycling of water and nutrition, can cause eutrophication of surrounding water areas due to random discharge, brings negative effects to the ecological environment, and seriously restricts the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. The industrial recirculating aquaculture system adopts certain engineering facilities and circulating water treatment facilities, realizes the recycling of culture water after proper biochemical treatment, and achieves high yield, high efficiency, high quality and near zero discharge. However, the water treatment of the industrial high-density circulating aquaculture has two major problems: firstly, the fish manure is subjected to solid-liquid separation in time; secondly, the carbon dioxide generated by the respiration of the fishes brings the negative influence of the reduction of the pH value.
The rotary drum type micro-filter is used as a main device for solid-liquid separation in aquaculture, is divided into two spaces of a water inlet side and a water outlet side by a filter screen, and realizes automatic control and intermittent operation in operation, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. However, the common drum microfilters on the market have several problems: (1) the filtering area is low, generally about 30% of the area of the drum filter screen, so that the utilization rate of the filtering area is low, and the volume of the whole machine is large; (2) a small part of the rotary drum is immersed in water and can be eccentric during rotation, so that the motor is large in driving power consumption, and the rotary drum is easy to deform and damage; (3) after the particles such as fish dung and the like entering the rotary drum along with the circulating water flow are intercepted on the inner surface of the filter screen, the particles are brought to the upper part along with the surface and the inner edge strip by the rotation of the rotary drum, and then fall into the sewage draining groove under the washing of pressure backwashing water to be discharged along with the water flow. The working mode has low efficiency, only a small part of particles accurately fall into the sewage discharge groove to be discharged, and most of the particles are flushed back into the rotary drum by high-pressure water flow; (4) when the large-particle fish manure is flushed to the sewage discharge groove by high-pressure water flow, the large-particle fish manure is broken into small particles, and the small-particle fish manure can more easily pass through the filter screen and enter a subsequent flow, so that the filtering efficiency is further reduced; (5) the filter screen is easy to block during high-density culture, frequent back washing and even manual cleaning are needed, so that the energy consumption is increased, and the management is troublesome; (6) fish dung which cannot be discharged from the sewage discharge tank and cannot pass through the filter screen does not have a proper outlet, stays in the water inlet side for a long time, and is gradually dissolved to aggravate water quality pollution; (7) has no function of buffering the pH value reduction in the culture process.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture, which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture comprises a box body, a filtering rotary barrel, a back washing mechanism and a driving piece, wherein the filtering rotary barrel is rotatably arranged in the box body, the driving piece is rotatably connected with the filtering rotary barrel to drive the filtering rotary barrel to rotate, the back washing mechanism is arranged obliquely above the filtering rotary barrel, a baffle is vertically arranged in the box body to divide the inner space of the box body into a filtering area and a sewage discharge area; the filtering rotary barrel is positioned at the upper part of the filtering area, one end of the filtering rotary barrel is closed and can be rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body, the other end of the filtering rotary barrel is open and can be rotatably arranged on the baffle plate, a filter screen is covered on the barrel body of the filtering rotary barrel, and the open end of the filtering rotary barrel is communicated with the sewage draining area; the sewage discharge area is provided with a collector; the top end of the collector is open, and the top end of the collector is positioned below the open end of the filtering rotary barrel; the box body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet is communicated with the filtering area and is positioned below the filtering rotary barrel; the water inlet is provided with a water inlet pipe; the water inlet pipe extends into the filtering rotary barrel from the open end of the filtering rotary barrel, and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe and the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel is 1 time of the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe; a pH buffer layer is arranged at the bottom of the filtering area; and an aerator pipe is arranged above the pH buffer layer and is arranged below the filtering rotary barrel.
Furthermore, the aeration pipe is a porous pipe, and the size of the aeration aperture is 0.5-5 mm.
Further, the pH buffer layer is a limestone particle layer, and the particle size of the limestone particle layer is 5-100 mm.
Furthermore, the back washing mechanism comprises a water spraying pipe and a high-pressure water pump, a plurality of detachable universal nozzles are arranged on the water spraying pipe at intervals, the high-pressure water pump is arranged on the water spraying pipe, and a stop valve is arranged at a water inlet of the high-pressure water pump.
Furthermore, a V-shaped water spraying diversion trench is arranged at the water outlet end of the spray head, the depth of the V-shaped water spraying diversion trench is 2-3 mm, and the length of the V-shaped water spraying diversion trench is 6-12 mm.
Further, the bottom of the collector is provided with a drain outlet, the drain outlet is provided with a drain pipeline, and the drain pipeline is provided with a drain pipe valve.
Further, the collector is funnel-shaped, and the gradient of the collector is 50-60 degrees.
Further, the driving part comprises a motor, and the motor is arranged outside the box body; a rotating shaft is arranged at the central shaft position of the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel, and penetrates through the box body to be in transmission connection with the motor; the top of the baffle is provided with a groove for hanging the open end of the filtering rotary barrel, the groove is provided with a rotatable lug, and the open end of the filtering rotary barrel is rotatably fixed on the groove through the lug; the filtering rotary barrel is tightly and rotatably connected with the groove.
Furthermore, a water level sensor is arranged in the sewage draining area, the position height of the water level sensor is lower than that of the baffle, and the position height of the water level sensor is higher than that of the water inlet pipe.
Furthermore, the microstrainer further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the motor, the high-pressure water pump and the water level sensor respectively, and the motor and the high-pressure water pump are controlled to be turned on and off through the water level sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the filtering rotating barrel is positioned in the filtering area and is provided with a filter screen, one end of the filtering rotating barrel is closed, the other end of the filtering rotating barrel is open, the water inlet pipe extends into the filtering rotating barrel from the open end of the filtering rotating barrel, and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe and the closed end of the filtering rotating barrel is 1 time of the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe. The water flow sprayed out of the water inlet pipe is made to hit the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel, the closed end is impacted to generate reverse thrust to enable the water flow to flow back, particles such as fish dung and the like are driven to flow towards the open end of the filtering rotary barrel along with the water flow, then flow into the collector and are effectively precipitated in the collector, the situation that the filter screen is blocked by the particles such as the fish dung and the like is effectively avoided, and the water in the barrel is smoothly filtered and flows out of the rotary barrel; meanwhile, a relatively static environment is provided for the fish manure collecting area, and the sedimentation of particulate matters is facilitated, and the separation and the discharge are facilitated.
(2) Compared with the prior art, the micro-filter provided by the invention has the advantages that the sewage discharge groove is removed, and the phenomenon that fish dung is crushed and passes through the filter screen due to overlarge impact is avoided. The particles that are washed from the inner surface of the screen by the backwash water return to the water inside the bowl and eventually settle into the collector in a larger particulate form.
(3) The aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the filtering area of the micro-filter, bubbles produced by the aeration pipe provide rising air flow and water flow when moving upwards, the rotary barrel can be continuously washed, and particles such as fish dung and the like are driven to move along with the water flow to the fish dung collecting area, so that the particles such as the fish dung and the like are not easy to block the filter screen, the back washing requirement is greatly reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced; and simultaneously, carbon dioxide in part of water can be removed.
(4) The pH buffer layer is arranged at the bottom of the filtering area of the micro-filter, and the limestone particles are slowly dissolved, so that the alkalinity can be provided to relieve the negative influence caused by the reduction of the pH value caused by carbon dioxide, the removal effect of the carbon dioxide is indirectly improved, the effluent quality is further improved, the subsequent biochemical system is ensured to operate in a good environment, and the treatment system operates more efficiently.
(5) The micro-filter can ensure that the filter screen of the filter rotary barrel keeps a clean and smooth state for a long time, is not easy to block, greatly improves the filter area of the filter screen, further improves the filter efficiency, enables the filter rotary barrel to be easy to rotate under the buoyancy action of water, and reduces abrasion and energy consumption. And the back flush requirement is low, is convenient for workers to collect and discharge fish dung, can achieve the aims of partially removing carbon dioxide and buffering the pH value, has the advantages of reducing energy consumption and manpower, and is simple to operate, reliable to operate and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the main structure of the microfilter of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a microfilter according to the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a box body; 11. a water inlet; 12. a water outlet; 2. filtering and rotating the barrel; 22. a rotating shaft; 3. a backwashing mechanism; 31. a water spray pipe; 32. a spray head; 33. a high pressure water pump; 4. a drive member; 41. a motor; 5. a collector; 51. a sewage draining outlet; 52. a blowdown line; 53. a drain pipe valve; 6. a water inlet pipe; 7. an aeration pipe; 8. a pH buffer layer; 9. a baffle plate; 91. a filtration zone; 92. a blowdown area; 93. a groove; 931. a rotatable projection; 94. a water level sensor; 10. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture comprises a box body 1, a filtering rotary barrel 2, a back washing mechanism 3, a driving piece 4, a collector 5, a water inlet pipe 6, an aeration pipe 7 and a pH buffer layer 8. The filtering rotary barrel 2 is rotatably arranged in the box body 1, the driving piece 4 is rotatably connected with the filtering rotary barrel 2 so as to drive the filtering rotary barrel 2 to rotate, and the backwashing mechanism 3 is arranged obliquely above the filtering rotary barrel 2; a baffle 9 is vertically arranged in the box body 1, and the internal space of the box body is divided into a filtering area 91 and a sewage draining area 92; the filtering rotary barrel 2 is positioned in the filtering area 91, one end of the filtering rotary barrel 2 is closed, the filtering rotary barrel 2 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body 1, the other end of the filtering rotary barrel is open, the filtering rotary barrel 2 is rotatably arranged on the baffle 9, a filtering net covers the barrel body of the filtering rotary barrel 2, the mesh number of the filtering net can be adjusted to be about 80-200 meshes as required, and the open end of the filtering rotary barrel 2 is communicated with the sewage discharge area 92; the sewage discharge area 92 is provided with a collector 5, the top end of the collector 5 is open, and the top end of the collector 5 is positioned below the open end of the filtering rotary barrel 2; the box body 1 is provided with a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12; the water outlet 12 is communicated with the filtering area 91 and is positioned below the filtering rotary barrel 2; the water inlet 11 is provided with a water inlet pipe 6, the water inlet pipe 6 extends into the interior of the filtering rotary barrel 2 from the open end of the filtering rotary barrel 2, and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 6 and the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel 2 is 1 time of the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe; a pH buffer layer 8 is arranged at the bottom of the filtering area 91; an aeration pipe 7 is arranged above the pH buffer layer 8, and the aeration pipe 7 is arranged below the filtering rotary barrel 2.
Beat the blind end at filtration rotary barrel 2 through 6 spun rivers of inlet tube, impact the blind end and produce the thrust and make rivers backward flow, it flows to drive particulate matters such as fish manure along with the open end that the rivers were filtered the rotary barrel, and then flow into the collector, and effectively deposit in the collector, particulate matters such as fish manure have effectively been avoided blockking up the filter screen, and by backwash mechanism towards the particulate matters such as fish manure that the filter screen internal surface washout got off and be difficult for being smashed, deposit in the bottom of collector with great graininess attitude, more be favorable to collecting and separating the emission. When bubbles produced by the aeration pipe 7 move upwards, the rising air flow is provided to drive particles such as fish dung and the like to move towards the collector 5, and the particles such as the fish dung and the like are ensured not to block the filter screen again; and meanwhile, part of carbon dioxide in the water body can be removed. Through the pH buffer layer, can provide the basicity and alleviate the negative effects that the pH value that carbon dioxide caused descends and bring, indirectly improve the effect of getting rid of carbon dioxide, further improve water quality of water, guarantee follow-up biochemical system and move under good environment, make processing system move more high-efficiently.
The micro-filter can ensure that the filter screen of the filter rotary barrel keeps a clean and smooth state for a long time, is not easy to block, greatly improves the filter area of the filter screen, further improves the filter efficiency, enables the filter rotary barrel to be easy to rotate under the buoyancy action of water, and reduces abrasion and energy consumption. And the backwashing requirement is low, the fish manure is convenient for workers to collect and discharge, the purposes of partially removing carbon dioxide and supplementing pH value can be achieved, the advantages of reducing energy consumption and manpower are achieved, the operation is simple, the operation is reliable, and the cost is low.
In order to guarantee that the filter screen is not blockked up, aeration pipe 7 can be the perforated pipe, and aeration aperture size is 0.5 ~ 5mm, and the aeration hole of 2mm is adopted to this embodiment, and aeration pipe material is the PVC pipe of 25mm diameter. The aeration pipe not only can provide updraft and rivers and reach the purpose that the carbon dioxide is driven away in part, can also mix the water and continuously wash filtering rotary barrel 2, and particulate matters such as fish dung can also be helped to order about to fish dung collector motion to its produced rivers, guarantees that the filter screen does not block up to greatly reduced back flush's requirement reduces the energy consumption.
In order to ensure the water quality of the high-density circulating aquaculture, the pH buffer layer 8 can be a limestone particle layer with a particle size of 5-100 mm, and limestone particles with a particle size of 30-80mm are adopted in the embodiment. Limestone particles can be slowly dissolved in water, alkalinity is provided to relieve negative effects caused by pH value reduction caused by carbon dioxide, the removal effect of the carbon dioxide is indirectly improved, and the operation of a biochemical process under a good environmental condition is ensured.
The structure of the back washing mechanism 3 in the micro-filter of the present invention is various, and is not limited herein. In order to ensure that the filter screen of the filtering rotary barrel is uniformly and comprehensively washed, in this embodiment, the backwashing mechanism 3 may include a water spraying pipe 31 and a high-pressure water pump 33, the water spraying pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of detachable universal nozzles 32 at intervals, the water spraying pipe 31 is provided with the high-pressure water pump 33, and a water inlet of the high-pressure water pump 33 is provided with a stop valve. Each spray head 32 can be detached for washing, a spherical adjustable device can be arranged at the front end of each spray head 32, the number and the spacing of the spray heads 32 can be reasonably set according to the condition of a filtering water source, and the back washing capacity can be reasonably adjusted; the spherical adjustable device of each spray head 32 can adjust the washing direction and angle of the spray head 32, so that the whole filter screen can be uniformly and comprehensively washed.
In order to improve the back washing efficiency, the water outlet end of the nozzle 32 can be provided with a V-shaped water spraying diversion trench, the depth of the V-shaped water spraying diversion trench is 2 mm-3 mm, the length of the V-shaped water spraying diversion trench is 6-12mm, and a relatively long fan-shaped washing water flow can be provided, so that the back washing efficiency is improved.
The collector 5 may have various structures, and is not limited thereto. In order to ensure that the deposited particles such as fish dung and the like are discharged in time, the bottom of the collector 5 is provided with a sewage outlet 51, the sewage outlet 51 is provided with a sewage pipeline 52, and the sewage pipeline 52 is provided with a discharge pipe valve 53. The collector 5 of the embodiment is formed by welding PP plates with the thickness of 10 mm; the bottom of the collector is provided with a sewer line 52 and a drain valve 53. The fish feces collected are discharged regularly through the water pump controlled regularly, so that the fish feces are prevented from staying in the barrel for a long time. In order to facilitate the precipitation and collection of particles such as fish droppings, the collector 5 is funnel-shaped and has a slope of 50-60 °.
The structure of the driving member 4 is various and is not limited herein. In order to ensure the stable operation of the filtering rotary barrel, in this embodiment, the driving member 4 may include a motor 41, the motor 41 is disposed outside the box body 1, a rotating shaft 22 is disposed at a central axis position of the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel 2, and the rotating shaft 22 penetrates through the box body 1 to be in transmission connection with the motor 41; the top of the baffle 9 is provided with a groove 93 for hanging the open end of the filtering rotary barrel 2, the groove 93 is provided with a rotatable bump 931, and the open end of the filtering rotary barrel 2 is rotatably fixed on the groove 93 through the rotatable bump 931. The filtering rotary barrel 2 drives the filter residue to move in the rotating process, so that the washing is convenient, the power is low, and the energy consumption is low.
In order to control the operation of the filter rotary barrel and improve the working efficiency of the micro-filter, a water level sensor 94 can be further arranged in the sewage discharge area 92, the position height of the water level sensor 94 is lower than the height of the baffle 9, and the position height of the water level sensor 94 is higher than the height of the water inlet pipe 6. That is, when the filtering rotary tub is clogged, the flow rate of the water passing through the filter net is greatly reduced, thereby causing the water level of the sewage discharging area (water inlet side) to rise, and the probe of the water level sensor 94 is lifted and sends a signal to turn on the backwashing mode. And the working water level can also be controlled through the height that the microstrainer was placed, has guaranteed that it can mostly soak in the aquatic operation to filter rotary barrel 2 to improve the filter area of filter screen greatly, and then improve filtration efficiency, and filter rotary barrel 2 and receive the buoyancy of water and rotate easily, reduce wear and energy consumption. The water level sensor 94 realizes automatic control of the operation of the filtering rotary tub 2 and ensures that it can be operated intermittently.
In order to prolong the service life of the filtering rotary barrel 2 and save energy, the micro-filter can further comprise a controller 10, the controller 10 is respectively electrically connected with the motor 41, the high-pressure water pump 33 and the water level sensor 94, and the opening and closing of the motor 41 and the high-pressure water pump 33 are controlled by the water level sensor 94. The controller 10 can be set in two modes, one mode is a manual mode, namely, the rotation of the filtering rotary barrel 2 and the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump 33 are controlled by manual judgment; the other is an automatic mode, and the rotation of the filter rotary barrel 2 and the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump 33 are automatically controlled according to the signal feedback of the water level sensor 94.
When the micro-filter in the embodiment works, the filtering rotary barrel 2 and the back-washing mechanism 3 are in a static state. Water of the culture system enters the water inlet pipe 6 from the water inlet 11, is sprayed out from the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 6 and generates reverse water flow through the backflushing action of the inner wall of the rotary drum to flow to the opening of the rotary drum, and particles such as fish manure are driven to be concentrated in the sewage discharge area and are deposited at the lower part of the collector, so that the fish manure is easy to separate and discharge. A small amount of particulate matters stay in the filtering rotary barrel 2, the particulate matters are intercepted on the filter screen after water flow filtering, and the filtered water finally flows out through the water outlet 12 and enters the culture pond again for recycling after being purified by a subsequent biochemical system.
When the filter screen of the filtering rotary barrel 2 is blocked to cause the water level of the sewage discharge area 92 to rise and reach the height of the probe of the water level sensor 94, the probe rises and sends a control signal back to the controller, the motor 41 and the high-pressure water pump 33 are started at the same time immediately to drive the filtering rotary barrel 2 to rotate, and the filter screen of the filtering rotary barrel 2 is backwashed; when the filter screen is unblocked due to the rotation of the filter rotary barrel 2 and the action of back washing, the filter area of the filter screen is increased, the water level of the sewage discharge area 92 is reduced and is lower than the lower limit height of the probe of the water level sensor 94, the control signal is cut off, the motor 41 and the high-pressure water pump 33 stop working, the micro-filter returns to the normal static working state, and the operation is repeated.
And (3) comparing the use effect: 30m in the present embodiment3A/h micro-filter, the culture density of the tilapia reaches 100kg/m3And meanwhile, the time interval of starting and stopping the backwashing is about 12 seconds of starting and running, the backwashing is stopped for 5 hours, and meanwhile, the fish manure is discharged in time, so that the pH of the water body is easier to control, the medicament required by regulating the pH is greatly reduced, manpower is greatly saved, and the running control of the system is easy to guarantee. While a common 30m is used3When the micro-filter is used for a hour, the time interval of starting and stopping the backwashing is about 12 seconds, the backwashing is stopped for only 5 minutes, and when the backwashing time is less than 5 minutes, the backwashing can be continuously used only after the filter screen is manually cleaned; a large amount of fish dung which is not adhered to the filter screen is deposited on the water inlet side and cannot be removed, the deposited fish dung can be removed only by adopting a twice-daily artificial siphoning method, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the fish dung is more troublesome to float after being soaked; moreover, the pH value is reduced quickly, and the pH value is adjusted by adding medicines for many times every day to ensure the normal operation of the system.
The above is not mentioned, is suitable for the prior art.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appending claims. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a microstrainer suitable for high density aquaculture, includes box (1), filters commentaries on classics bucket (2), back flush mechanism (3) and driving piece (4), the rotatable setting of filtration commentaries on classics bucket (2) is in box (1), driving piece (4) with filter commentaries on classics bucket (2) rotate and are connected, in order to drive filter commentaries on classics bucket (2) and rotate, back flush mechanism (3) set up filter commentaries on classics bucket (2) the oblique top, its characterized in that: a baffle (9) is vertically arranged in the box body (1) to divide the inner space of the box body into a filtering area (91) and a sewage draining area (92); the filtering rotary barrel (2) is positioned at the upper part of the filtering area (91), one end of the filtering rotary barrel (2) is closed and can be rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), the other end of the filtering rotary barrel is open and can be rotatably arranged on the baffle plate (9), a filter screen covers the barrel body of the filtering rotary barrel (2), and the open end of the filtering rotary barrel (2) is communicated with the sewage discharge area (92); the sewage discharge area (92) is provided with a collector (5); the top end of the collector (5) is open, and the top end of the collector (5) is positioned below the open end of the filtering rotary barrel (2); the box body (1) is provided with a water inlet (11) and a water outlet (12); the water outlet (12) is communicated with the filtering area (91) and is positioned below the filtering rotary barrel (2); the water inlet (11) is provided with a water inlet pipe (6); the water inlet pipe (6) extends into the filtering rotary barrel (2) from the open end of the filtering rotary barrel (2), and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (6) and the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel (2) is 1 time of the pipe diameter of the water inlet pipe (6); a pH buffer layer (8) is arranged at the bottom of the filtering area (91); an aerator pipe (7) is arranged above the pH buffer layer (8), and the aerator pipe (7) is arranged below the filtering rotary barrel (2).
2. The micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration pipe (7) is a porous pipe, and the size of the aeration aperture is 0.5-5 mm.
3. The micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture according to claim 1, wherein the pH buffer layer (8) is a limestone particle layer with a particle size of 5-100 mm.
4. A micro-filter suitable for high density aquaculture according to claim 1 wherein said back-flushing mechanism (3) comprises a water jet (31) and a high pressure water pump (33); a plurality of detachable universal nozzles (32) are arranged on the water spray pipe (31) at intervals, and a high-pressure water pump (33) is arranged on the water spray pipe (31); and a stop valve is arranged at the water inlet of the high-pressure water pump (33).
5. The micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water outlet end of the spray head (32) is provided with a V-shaped water spraying diversion trench with a depth of 2 mm-3 mm and a length of 6-12 mm.
6. The micro-filter suitable for high-density aquaculture of claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the collector (5) is provided with a sewage outlet (51), the sewage outlet (51) is provided with a sewage pipe (52), and the sewage pipe (52) is provided with a drain valve (53).
7. A microfiltration machine according to claim 6 adapted for use in high density aquaculture wherein the collector (5) is funnel shaped with a slope of 50 ° to 60 °.
8. A microfiltration machine adapted for high density aquaculture according to claim 4 wherein the drive member (4) comprises an electric motor (41), said electric motor (41) being arranged outside the tank (1); a rotating shaft (22) is arranged at the central shaft position of the closed end of the filtering rotary barrel (2), and the rotating shaft (22) penetrates through the box body (1) and is in transmission connection with the motor (41); the top of the baffle (9) is provided with a groove (93) for hanging the open end of the filtering rotary barrel (2), and the groove (93) is provided with a rotatable bump (931); the open end of the filtering rotary barrel (2) is rotatably fixed on the groove (93) through the lug (931); the filtering rotary barrel (2) is tightly and rotatably connected with the groove (93).
9. The micro-filter for high-density aquaculture of claim 8, characterized in that a water level sensor (94) is arranged in said sewage discharge area (92), said water level sensor (94) is positioned at a height lower than the height of said baffle (9), and said water level sensor (94) is positioned at a height higher than the height of said water inlet pipe (6).
10. A microfilter suitable for use in high density aquaculture according to claim 9 further comprising a controller (10); the controller (10) is electrically connected with the motor (41), the high-pressure water pump (33) and the water level sensor (94) respectively, and the motor (41) and the high-pressure water pump (33) are automatically controlled to be turned on and off through the water level sensor (94).
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