CN114675163A - PCBA high-precision test equipment and test method - Google Patents
PCBA high-precision test equipment and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114675163A CN114675163A CN202210303956.3A CN202210303956A CN114675163A CN 114675163 A CN114675163 A CN 114675163A CN 202210303956 A CN202210303956 A CN 202210303956A CN 114675163 A CN114675163 A CN 114675163A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/2806—Apparatus therefor, e.g. test stations, drivers, analysers, conveyors
- G01R31/2808—Holding, conveying or contacting devices, e.g. test adapters, edge connectors, extender boards
Abstract
The application relates to the field of test equipment, and particularly discloses PCBA high-precision test equipment and a test method, wherein the test equipment comprises a rack, a test machine and a test bench, two parallel transmission chains are arranged on the rack, and the transmission chains are positioned right below a probe seat of the test bench; a plurality of bearing bases which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains are arranged on the two conveying chains, and locking devices for locking the PCBA on the bearing bases are arranged on the bearing bases; the rack is provided with a lifting device which is used for pushing a PCBA plate on a bearing base which is positioned right below the test board to abut against a probe of the test board; and two ends of the rack along the transmission direction of the conveying chain are respectively provided with an unlocking device for unlocking the locking state of the PCBA on the bearing base by the locking device. This application has the PCBA board to the electronic component is densely covered only through simple getting the assembly line automation detection effect that can realize the PCBA board of expecting, and detection efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of test equipment, in particular to PCBA high-precision test equipment and a test method.
Background
The PCBA board, that is, the PCB blank board is subjected to surface assembly technology and then subjected to the whole process of DIP dual in-line package technology plug-in, that is, the PCB board with electronic components welded and assembled. The PCBA board usually needs to be tested and inspected after being assembled, and the testing modes mainly adopted at present comprise manual visual testing, automatic optical inspection, functional testing and flying probe testing, wherein the flying probe testing is also called probe testing, and can carry out comprehensive and high-progress validity testing on each contact on the PCBA board.
Chinese patent No. CN106443413A in the related art proposes a PCBA test apparatus, which includes: the testing module is arranged at the upper part of the rack, the testing machines are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top of the testing module, the testing module comprises a testing table, two sides of the testing table are respectively provided with a symmetrical servo driving mechanism, the output shaft ends of the servo driving mechanisms are respectively connected with a clamping mechanism, an image sensor is arranged above the testing table, and the bottom of the testing platform is provided with a front driving mechanism and a rear driving mechanism; the test bench includes base, probe seat, probe connector and connects the platform, is provided with the several probe on the probe seat.
With respect to the related art among the above, the inventors consider that the following drawbacks exist: along with the electronic component who arranges on the PCBA board increases gradually for the space is also few on the PCBA board, snatchs and places the efficiency of snatching of difficult assurance manipulator when in order to realize automatic test on the testboard to the PCBA board adopting from the manipulator of taking the sucking disc, thereby can influence the automatic detection of high efficiency of PCBA board.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the automation detection efficiency of the PCBA is affected by the density of electronic elements on the PCBA, the application provides PCBA high-precision test equipment and a test method.
The PCBA high-precision test equipment provided by the first aspect of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a PCBA high-precision test device and a test method comprise a rack, a test machine and a test bench, wherein two parallel transmission chains and a driving mechanism for driving the two transmission chains to synchronously step and drive are arranged on the rack, and the transmission chains are positioned right below a probe seat of the test bench;
a plurality of bearing bases which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains are arranged on the two conveying chains, and a locking device used for locking the PCBA on the bearing bases is arranged on the bearing bases;
the rack is provided with a lifting device which is used for pushing a PCBA board on the bearing base right below the test board to abut against a probe of the test board;
and two ends of the rack along the transmission direction of the conveying chain are respectively provided with an unlocking device for unlocking the locking state of the PCBA on the bearing base by the locking device.
By adopting the technical scheme, when electronic elements on the PCBA are too dense and the sucker manipulator cannot be used for feeding and discharging, the driving mechanism can be started to enable the two conveying chains to synchronously carry out stepping transmission, the PCBA to be tested is placed on the bearing base when the conveying chains are stopped, and the PCBA is locked on the bearing base by the locking device; the above steps are repeated to simultaneously mount a plurality of PCBA boards to be tested on the conveying chain. When the conveying chain transmits the PCBA to be tested to the test board, the lifting device lifts the PCBA on the bearing base to be abutted to probes on the test board for testing, after the testing is completed, the conveying chain transmits the PCBA which is detected to the other end of the rack, the unlocking device unlocks the PCBA on the bearing base, the PCBA which is detected can be smoothly taken down, in the process, the lifting device is controlled to drive the bearing base to ascend, the total time of descending is shorter than the stepping stop time of the driving mechanism, the production line automatic detection effect of the PCBA can be achieved, and therefore in the actual testing process, an operator only needs to place the PCBA on the bearing bases in sequence, and the automatic testing efficiency of the PCBA is remarkably improved.
Optionally, the bearing base includes two front bases respectively fixedly connected to the two conveying chains and two rear bases respectively fixedly connected to the two conveying chains, and the rear base and the front base adjacent to each other in the bearing base are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains;
the front base is vertically and elastically provided with a front bearing seat, and the rear base is vertically and elastically provided with a rear bearing seat;
the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat are both provided with the locking device.
By adopting the technical scheme, the four corners of the PCBA are respectively placed on the two front bearing seats and the two rear bearing seats, and then are locked by the locking devices on the front bearing seats and the rear bearing seats, so that the PCBA of the dense electronic components can be effectively fixed; and the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat which are elastically arranged on the front base and the rear base can realize the effective downward moving reset of the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat after the lifting device stops driving.
Optionally, the locking device includes a lock plate rotatably disposed on the front bearing seat or the rear bearing seat, and a gap adapted to the thickness of the PCBA plate is reserved between the lock plate and the front bearing seat or the rear bearing seat;
the locking device also comprises a resetting piece which is used for driving the locking plate to rotate to a position right above the front bearing seat or the rear bearing seat;
the unlocking device is used for driving the locking plate to rotate to a position far away from the front bearing seat or right above the rear bearing seat.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, before settling the PCBA board, order about the jam plate through unlocking means earlier and keep away from preceding carrier seat or back carrier seat, the PCBA board can directly be placed in the front and bear on seat and the back carrier seat this moment, the PCBA board is placed and is accomplished the back, and the piece that resets orders about the jam plate and rotates in order to carry out the lock to the PCBA board, can realize the automatic locking effect to the PCBA board.
Optionally, the locking plate is located the peripheral side rigid coupling of bearing base has the buckle, the buckle is located the locking plate with bear before or between the seat after.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the jam plate rotates and bears the seat or the back to the front and bear the seat directly over, the preceding buckle that bears on the seat carries the seat to the front and keeps away from one side of back bearing the seat and carries out the shutoff, bears the buckle on the seat to carry the seat to the back and keeps away from one side of preceding bearing the seat and carry out the shutoff to can realize the locking on the horizontal direction of PCBA board, be favorable to improving the stability of PCBA board on bearing the base.
Optionally, the unlocking device includes a shift lever arranged at one end of the lock plate and an unlocking lever fixedly connected to the frame, the rotating shaft of the lock plate is located between the lock plate and the shift lever, and the unlocking lever includes a rear unlocking lever and a front unlocking lever which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chain;
the front unlocking rod is positioned on the moving track of the shifting rod on the front bearing seat, the rear unlocking rod is positioned on the moving track of the shifting rod on the rear bearing seat, and when the front unlocking rod is abutted against the shifting rod on the front bearing seat, the rear unlocking rod is abutted against the shifting rod on the rear bearing seat;
the rear bearing seat is provided with a back-driving mechanism which is used for enabling the deflector rod on the rear bearing seat and the locking plate on the rear bearing seat to rotate reversely;
the front unlocking rod and the rear unlocking rod are arranged in a staggered manner along the conveying direction of the conveying chain, the front unlocking rod is closer to the conveying chain,
and/or the vertical height of the rear unlocking rod is smaller than that of the front unlocking rod, and the vertical height of the deflector rod on the rear bearing seat is smaller than that of the deflector rod on the front bearing seat.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the conveyor belt drives the bearing base to move to the unlocking device, the deflector rod on the front bearing seat is abutted against the front unlocking rod, and along with the continuous movement of the bearing base, the deflector rod drives the lock plate to rotate on the front bearing seat in the direction away from the rear bearing seat, and the part of the PCBA plate on the front bearing seat can move; meanwhile, the shifting rod on the rear bearing seat is abutted to the rear unlocking rod, and the shifting rod drives the locking plate on the rear bearing seat to rotate reversely through the reverse driving mechanism along with the continuous advancing of the bearing base, and the PCBA plate can move on the rear bearing seat, so that the bearing base can complete the automatic unlocking function in the advancing process through the arrangement of the unlocking rod. And in the process, the front unlocking rod and the rear unlocking rod are arranged in a staggered mode or in different height modes, so that the front unlocking rod and the rear unlocking rod can be effectively prevented from interfering with each other when the front unlocking rod and the rear unlocking rod are unlocked.
Optionally, the reverse driving mechanism includes a main gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the locking plate and an auxiliary gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the shift lever, and the main gear is engaged with the auxiliary gear.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the deflector rod on the rear bearing seat is abutted to the rear unlocking rod, the deflector rod is overturned on the rear bearing seat and is driven to rotate towards the direction far away from the front bearing seat through the meshing reversing transmission action of the pinion and the main gear, so that the PCBA board on the rear bearing plate is effectively unlocked.
Optionally, the lifting device comprises a linear driving piece vertically fixedly connected to the rack, a bracket is fixedly connected to the driving end of the linear driving piece, and four corners of the bracket are used for respectively abutting against the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when bearing the base and march to testboard below and the time-out of pause under the effect of conveying chain, straight line driving piece drive bracket goes up and down and supports the lower part that holds carrier seat and back in the front, can promote the PCBA board that bears on the base and steadily rise.
Optionally, a buffer is disposed between the bracket and the front and rear bearing seats.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the bolster can play certain buffering, damping effect to PCBA board is crossed just to support tightly on the probe of testboard and is caused the damage of probe when preventing bracket lifting PCBA board.
Optionally, the front bearing seat is adjustable in horizontal position on the front base, and the rear bearing seat is adjustable in horizontal position on the rear base.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, bear the seat and two back before two and bear the seat and can bear not unidimensional PCBA boards for this application practicality is higher, has reduced the detection cost of producing the line.
The PCBA high-precision test method provided by the second aspect of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a PCBA high-precision test method is based on the PCBA high-precision test equipment and comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding PCBA boards, starting the driving mechanism to enable the two conveying chains to synchronously perform stepping transmission, placing the PCBA boards on the bearing base one by one, and locking the PCBA boards by the locking device;
s2, positioning the PCBA, wherein when the conveying chain conveys the bearing base bearing the PCBA to the position under a probe seat of the test bench, the driving mechanism is suspended, and the lifting device pushes the bearing base and enables the PCBA to abut against a probe of the test bench;
s3, detecting the PCBA, wherein the PCBA is automatically detected by the test board;
s4, unlocking and discharging the PCBA, wherein the PCBA after detection is completed moves to the unlocking device along with the conveying chain, the unlocking device unlocks the PCBA by the locking device, and then the PCBA after detection is completed is taken down.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. after the driving mechanism is started, an operator can sequentially arrange a plurality of PCBA boards on the conveying chain, the PCBA boards are sequentially conveyed to the lower part of the test board to be detected along with conveying of the conveying chain, the PCBA boards after detection are unlocked under the action of the unlocking device, the operator can conveniently take out the PCBA boards, the automatic detection effect of the assembly line of the PCBA boards can be achieved, and therefore in the actual test process, the operator only needs to take and place the PCBA boards on the conveying chain, and the automatic test efficiency of the PCBA boards is remarkably improved;
2. the buckle plate is arranged on the lock plate, so that the outer side of the PCBA on the bearing base can be effectively buckled and locked, and the stability of the PCBA on the bearing base is improved;
3. through unlocking lever and back unlocking lever before setting up in the frame for bear the base and accomplish automatic unblock function at the in-process of marcing, and before unlocking lever and back unlocking lever in this process through setting up to dislocation set or the different settings of height, can effectively avoid preceding unlocking lever and back unlocking lever to interfere each other when playing the unlocking effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a frame; 11. a feeding area; 12. a blanking area;
21. a testing machine; 22. a test bench;
31. a conveyor chain; 32. a drive mechanism; 33. layering;
41. a front base; 411. a front bearing seat;
42. a rear base; 421. a rear load seat;
43. a locking plate; 44. a reset member; 45. buckling the plate; 46. a deflector rod; 471. a main gear; 472. a pinion gear;
51. a rear lock release lever; 52. a front unlocking lever;
61. a linear drive; 62. a bracket; 63. a buffer member;
71. mounting a plate; 72. a lumbar circular hole; 73. a guide rod; 74. an anti-drop block; 75. and a pushing block.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses PCBA high accuracy test equipment. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the PCBA high-precision testing apparatus includes a rack 1, a testing machine 21 and a testing table 22, wherein the rack 1 is provided with two parallel transmission chains 31 and a driving mechanism 32 for driving the two transmission chains 31 to synchronously step, and the transmission chains 31 are located right below a probe seat of the testing table 22; the driving mechanism 32 is composed of four chain wheels coaxially fixed two by two through two transmission shafts and a stepping motor for driving one of the transmission shafts to rotate, and the chain wheels are meshed with the transmission chain 31.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of carrying bases sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains 31 are arranged on the two conveying chains, and the distance between two adjacent carrying bases is equal; the bearing base comprises two front bases 41 fixedly connected to the two conveying chains 31 respectively and two rear bases 42 fixedly connected to the two conveying chains 31 respectively, the two front bases 41 and the two rear bases 42 enclose to form a rectangle, and the adjacent rear bases 42 and the front bases 41 in the bearing base are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains 31; the front base 41 is vertically and elastically provided with a front bearing seat 411, and the rear base 42 is vertically and elastically provided with a rear bearing seat 421; the front carrier seat 411 and the rear carrier seat 421 are both provided with a locking device for locking the PCBA board on the front carrier seat 411 or the rear carrier seat 421.
The frame 1 is provided with a lifting device for pushing a PCBA plate on a bearing base positioned right below the test bench 22 to abut against a probe of the test bench 22; when specifically setting up, for guaranteeing that the test equipment of this application can last stably carry out automated inspection, the elevating gear drive bears that the base rises, testboard 22 detects the PCBA board and bears the base and move down the total beat that resets and be less than step motor's down time length long.
Referring to fig. 2, a feeding area 11 and a discharging area 12 are arranged at two ends of the frame 1 along the conveying direction of the conveying chain 31, and unlocking devices for unlocking the locking state of the PCBA board on the bearing base by the locking devices are arranged in the feeding area 11 and the discharging area 12.
After the arrangement, when electronic elements on the PCBA are too dense and the sucking disc manipulator cannot be used for loading and unloading operation, the stepping motor can be started to enable the two conveying chains 31 to synchronously carry out stepping transmission, when the conveying chains 31 convey a certain bearing base to the loading area 11 and stop, the PCBA to be tested is placed on the bearing base, the bearing base is conveyed out of the loading area 11 along with the conveying chains 31, and the PCBA is locked on the bearing base by the locking device; repeating the above steps can simultaneously mount a plurality of PCBA boards to be tested on the conveyor chain 31.
When the transfer chain 31 will await measuring the PCBA board and transmit to testboard 22 department afterwards, elevating gear will bear the PCBA board jacking on the base to contradict with the probe on the testboard 22 in order to test, after the test is accomplished, transfer chain 31 will detect the PCBA board of accomplishing again and transmit to unloading district 12, unlocking device removes the locking to the PCBA board of bearing on the base, operating personnel can take off the PCBA board that detects the completion smoothly, the assembly line automation detection effect of PCBA board has been realized, thereby in actual test process, operating personnel only need carry out simple unloading to the PCBA board, the automation test efficiency of PCBA board has been showing and has been improved. In other feasible embodiments, the clamping jaw manipulator can be used for clamping the side of the PCBA board densely covered with the electronic components to replace the manual work, so that the automation degree of the PCBA board is further improved.
In order to realize the stable positioning effect of the PCBA board on the bearing base, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the locking device includes a lock plate 43 rotatably disposed on the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421, a gap adapted to the thickness of the PCBA board is reserved between the lock plate 43 and the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421, and the lock plate 43 is parallel to both the front bearing seat 411 and the rear bearing seat 421; the side edge of the locking plate 43, which is located at the periphery of the bearing base, is fixedly connected with a buckle plate 45, the buckle plate 45 and the locking plate 43 are arranged at a right-angle included angle, and the buckle plate 45 is located between the locking plate 43 and the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421. The locking device further includes a reset member 44 for driving the locking plate 43 to rotate to a position right above the front carrying seat 411 or the rear carrying seat 421, the reset member 44 is a torsion spring, and one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the locking plate 43, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the front carrying seat 411 or the rear carrying seat 421. The unlocking device is used to drive the lock plate 43 to rotate to a position far away from the front bearing seat 411 or directly above the rear bearing seat 421.
Thereby before settling the PCBA board, order about the lock plate 43 through unlocking device earlier and keep away from preceding carrier seat 411 or back carrier seat 421 directly over, the PCBA board can directly be placed in two preceding carrier seat 411 and two rectangle areas that enclose of back carrier seat 421 at this moment, then when the lock plate 43 rotates to preceding carrier seat 411 or back carrier seat 421 directly over under the effect of piece 44 that resets, buckle 45 on the preceding carrier seat 411 seals the one side that preceding carrier seat 411 kept away from back carrier seat 421 to preceding carrier seat 411, buckle 45 on the back carrier seat 421 seals the one side that preceding carrier seat 411 was kept away from to back carrier seat 421, lock plate 43 carries on spacingly along vertical displacement to the PCBA board, thereby can realize the locking to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of PCBA board, be favorable to improving the stability of PCBA board on bearing the base, thereby ensure the precision of PCBA board in this application detection.
However, on the basis of reducing damage to the PCBA board during the detection process, the front carrier seat 411, the rear carrier seat 421, the lock plate 43, and the buckle plate 45 should be made of stainless steel or plastic with high surface smoothness, and most preferably, polymer plastics, such as PP, PE, etc., should be selected, but in consideration of the electrostatic reason, antistatic measures, such as connecting a ground wire to a contact surface, etc., may be properly added when the carrier base is made of polymer plastics.
In order to further improve the degree of automation of the present application, so that the bearing base can realize the automatic unlocking effect of the locking plate 43 when the bearing base moves downwards to the feeding area 11 and the discharging area 12 during the conveying of the conveying chain 31, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the unlocking device comprises a shifting rod 46 arranged at one end of the locking plate 43 and an unlocking rod vertically and fixedly connected to the rack 1, a rotating shaft of the locking plate 43 on the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421 is located between the locking plate 43 and the shifting rod 46, the unlocking rod comprises a rear unlocking rod 51 and a front unlocking rod 52 which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chain 31, and the rear unlocking rod 51 and the front unlocking rod 52 are both provided with two outer side edges of the parallel conveying chain 31. The front unlocking lever 52 is located on the moving track of the shifting lever 46 on the front bearing seat 411, the rear unlocking lever 51 is located on the moving track of the shifting lever 46 on the rear bearing seat 421, and when the front unlocking lever 52 collides with the shifting lever 46 on the front bearing seat 411, the rear unlocking lever 51 collides with the shifting lever 46 on the rear bearing seat 421.
The rear bearing seat 421 is provided with a back-driving mechanism for enabling the shifting rod 46 thereon and the locking plate 43 thereon to rotate reversely; the reverse driving mechanism comprises a main gear 471 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the locking plate 43 and a secondary gear 472 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the shifting lever 46, and the main gear 471 and the secondary gear 472 are meshed and connected.
Therefore, when the conveyor chain 31 drives the bearing base to completely advance to the feeding area 11 or the discharging area 12, the shift lever 46 on the front bearing seat 411 is abutted against the front unlocking lever 52, and along with the continuous advance of the bearing base, the shift lever 46 drives the lock plate 43 to rotate on the front bearing seat 411 in the direction away from the rear bearing seat 421, and the part of the PCBA plate on the front bearing seat 411 can move; meanwhile, the shifting rod 46 on the rear bearing seat 421 is abutted to the rear unlocking rod 51, and the shifting rod 46 drives the lock plate 43 on the rear bearing seat 421 to rotate reversely through the meshing reverse transmission of the pinion 472 and the main gear 471 as the bearing base continues to advance, and the PCBA plate can move on the rear bearing seat 421 at the moment, so that the bearing base can complete the automatic unlocking function in the process of advancing to the feeding area 11 and the discharging area 12 through the arrangement of the unlocking rod, namely, the manual material taking and discharging is convenient, and the clamping jaw manipulator can take and discharge materials conveniently.
In this process, the front lock release lever 52 and the rear lock release lever 51 are prevented from interfering with each other when the lock release operation is performed;
in some possible embodiments, the front and rear lock release levers 52 and 51 are disposed offset in the conveying direction of the conveyor chain 31, and the front lock release lever 52 is closer to the conveyor chain 31. So, because back unblock lever 51 and preceding unblock lever 52 set gradually along transfer chain 31 direction of transfer to bear the base at the in-process that gets into material loading district 11 or unloading district 12 completely, driving lever 46 on the preceding bearing seat 411 is earlier crossed back unblock lever 51 and is contradicted on preceding unblock lever 52 from back unblock lever 51 side, and back unblock lever 51 can not cause the interference to driving lever 46 on the preceding bearing seat 411, ensures as far as possible that four locking plates 43 on the bearing base can relieve the synchronous unblock to the PCBA board simultaneously.
In other possible embodiments, the vertical height of the rear unlocking lever 51 is smaller than that of the front unlocking lever 52, and the vertical height of the shift lever 46 on the rear bearing seat 421 is smaller than that of the shift lever 46 on the front bearing seat 411. At this time, in the process that the carrying base completely enters the loading area 11 or the unloading area 12, the shift lever 46 on the front carrying base 411 passes over the rear unlocking lever 51 and then abuts against the front unlocking lever 52, and the rear unlocking lever 51 also does not interfere with the shift lever 46 on the front carrying base 411. In this arrangement, no matter whether the front lock release lever 52 and the rear lock release lever 51 are arranged in a staggered manner or in a collinear manner in the conveying direction of the conveyor chain 31, the problem of interference of the rear lock release lever 51 with the shift lever 46 on the front carriage 411 does not occur.
Thus, the two embodiments described above may exist alone or in combination. In this example, referring to fig. 3, a second embodiment is used as an explanation of the working principle of the present application.
Meanwhile, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the lifting device for realizing the lifting of the PCBA board for detection includes a linear driving member 61 vertically and fixedly connected to the rack 1, specifically, the linear driving member 61 is a cylinder, an electric push rod, etc., a driving end of the linear driving member 61, that is, an end of a piston rod, is fixedly connected to a bracket 62, and four corners of the bracket 62 are used for respectively abutting against two front bearing seats 411 and two rear bearing seats 421; a buffer member 63 is disposed between the bracket 62 and the front bearing seat 411 and the rear bearing seat 421, and the horizontal position of the front bearing seat 411 on the front base 41 is adjustable, and the horizontal position of the rear bearing seat 421 on the rear base 42 is adjustable.
In actual installation, the front base 41 and the rear base 42 are both fixed on the conveying chain 31, and the rack 1 is further fixed with a pressing strip 33 arranged along the length direction of the conveying chain 31, the pressing strip 33 is located on the upper end surface of the upper section of the conveying chain 31 and is tightly attached to the upper end surface, so as to prevent the conveying chain 31 from shaking when the bearing base moves upwards to influence the detection precision of the test bench 22 on the PCBA board.
Preceding base 41 and back 42 are last all to be provided with mounting panel 71, run through on the mounting panel 71 and set up the waist round hole 72 that sets up along its length direction, all bolted connection has the bolt that runs through corresponding waist round hole 72 on preceding base 41 and the back base 42 to realize the multidirectional regulation of mounting panel 71 on preceding base 41 or the horizontal plane on back base 42, so that bear the PCBA board of base adaptation in not unidimensional.
A guide rod 73 vertically penetrates through the mounting seat, an anti-falling block 74 is fixedly connected to the end, extending to the lower side of the mounting seat, of the lower end of the guide rod 73, a spring positioned between the anti-falling block 74 and the mounting seat is sleeved outside the guide rod 73, and a front bearing seat 411 or a rear bearing seat 421 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide rod 73; furthermore, the guide rod 73 is externally sleeved with a pushing block 75 positioned between the mounting seat and the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421, the pushing block 75 is used for receiving the pushing of the corner of the bracket 62, the buffer 63 is arranged between the pushing block 75 and the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421, and specifically, the buffer 63 is also a spring.
Therefore, when the bearing base moves to the position right below the test platform 22 and stops, the linear driving member 61 drives the bracket 62 to move upwards, four corners of the bracket 62 are abutted against the lower end surface of the abutting block 75, and along with the gradual upward movement of the bracket 62, the abutting block 75 pushes the buffer member 63 to move upwards so as to drive the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421 and the guide rod 73 fixedly connected with the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat to move upwards, and when the PCBA plate on the bearing base is abutted against the probes on the test platform 22, the buffer member 63 is compressed to generate deformation so as to provide buffer for the contact between the PCBA plate and the probes, so as to reduce the damage to the probes in the continuous detection process; and at this time, the spring between the anti-falling block 74 and the mounting seat is also compressed to generate deformation, when the linear driving member 61 drives the bracket 62 to move downwards, the deformed spring drives the guide rod 73 to drive the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421 to move downwards, so that the stable reset of the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421 can be realized.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a PCBA high-precision testing method, and the PCBA high-precision testing method is based on the PCBA high-precision testing equipment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding PCBA (printed Circuit Board Assembly), starting a stepping motor to enable two conveying chains 31 to synchronously perform stepping transmission, placing the PCBA on bearing bases entering a feeding area 11 one by one, and when the conveying chains 31 convey the bearing bases out of the feeding area 11, rotating a lock plate 43 under the action of a reset piece 44 to lock the PCBA;
s2, positioning the PCBA, and when the conveying chain 31 conveys the bearing base bearing the PCBA to the position under the probe seat of the test bench 22, pausing the driving mechanism 32, and pushing the bearing base by the linear driving piece 61 through the bracket 62 to enable the PCBA to abut against the probe of the test bench 22;
s3, detecting the PCBA, wherein the test board 22 automatically detects the PCBA;
s4, unlocking and blanking the PCBA, enabling the PCBA after detection to advance to the blanking area 12 along with the conveying chain 31, enabling the lock plate 43 to unlock the PCBA by the unlocking rod through shifting the poking rod 46, and then taking down the PCBA after detection.
The implementation principle of the PCBA high-precision test equipment in the embodiment of the application is as follows: starting the stepping motor to enable the two conveying chains 31 to synchronously carry out stepping transmission, when the conveying chains 31 convey a certain bearing base to the feeding area 11 and stop, the unlocking rod toggles the poking rod 46 to enable the locking plate 43 to be far away from the front bearing base 411 or the rear bearing base 421, at the moment, the PCBA is placed on the bearing base, and as the conveying chains 31 convey the bearing base out of the feeding area 11, the resetting piece 44 drives the locking plate 43 to rotate to lock the PCBA on the bearing base; repeating the above steps can simultaneously mount a plurality of PCBA boards to be tested on the conveyor chain 31.
When the conveyor chain 31 transmits the PCBA to be tested to the test bench 22, the linear driving piece 61 pushes the bearing base through the bracket 62 and enables the PCBA to be abutted to the probes of the test bench 22 for testing, after the testing is completed, the conveyor chain 31 transmits the PCBA after the testing to the blanking area 12, the unlocking rod drives the locking plate 43 to be far away from the front bearing seat 411 or the rear bearing seat 421 through stirring the poking rod 46, the locking of the PCBA on the bearing base can be released, an operator can smoothly take down the PCBA after the testing is completed, the production line automatic detection effect of the PCBA is achieved, and therefore in the actual test process, the operator only needs to simply load and unload the PCBA, and the automatic test efficiency of the PCBA is remarkably improved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a PCBA high accuracy test equipment, includes frame (1), test machine (21) and testboard (22), its characterized in that: the machine frame (1) is provided with two parallel transmission chains (31) and a driving mechanism (32) for driving the two transmission chains (31) to synchronously perform step transmission, and the transmission chains (31) are positioned right below a probe seat of the test bench (22);
a plurality of bearing bases which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains (31) are arranged on the two conveying chains, and a locking device for locking the PCBA on the bearing bases is arranged on each bearing base;
the rack (1) is provided with a lifting device which is used for pushing a PCBA board on the bearing base positioned right below the test bench (22) to abut against a probe of the test bench (22);
and two ends of the rack (1) along the transmission direction of the conveying chain (31) are respectively provided with an unlocking device for unlocking the locking state of the PCBA on the bearing base by the locking device.
2. A PCBA high accuracy test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bearing base comprises two front bases (41) fixedly connected to the two conveying chains (31) respectively and two rear bases (42) fixedly connected to the two conveying chains (31) respectively, and the rear bases (42) and the front bases (41) which are adjacent in the bearing base are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chains (31);
a front bearing seat (411) is vertically and elastically arranged on the front base (41), and a rear bearing seat (421) is vertically and elastically arranged on the rear base (42);
the front bearing seat (411) and the rear bearing seat (421) are both provided with the locking devices.
3. A PCBA high accuracy test apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the locking device comprises a locking plate (43) which is rotatably arranged on the front bearing seat (411) or the rear bearing seat (421), and a gap matched with the thickness of the PCBA plate is reserved between the locking plate (43) and the front bearing seat (411) or the rear bearing seat (421);
the locking device also comprises a resetting piece (44) for driving the locking plate (43) to rotate to a position right above the front bearing seat (411) or the rear bearing seat (421);
the unlocking device is used for driving the locking plate (43) to rotate to a position far away from the front bearing seat (411) or right above the rear bearing seat (421).
4. A PCBA high accuracy test apparatus according to claim 3, in which: the locking plate (43) is located the peripheral side rigid coupling of bearing base has buckle (45), buckle (45) are located locking plate (43) with bear seat (411) before or between back bearing seat (421).
5. A PCBA high accuracy test apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the unlocking device comprises a shifting rod (46) arranged at one end of the locking plate (43) and an unlocking rod fixedly connected to the rack (1), the rotating shaft of the locking plate (43) is positioned between the locking plate (43) and the shifting rod (46), and the unlocking rod comprises a rear unlocking rod (51) and a front unlocking rod (52) which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying chain (31);
the front unlocking rod (52) is positioned on the moving track of the shifting rod (46) on the front bearing seat (411), the rear unlocking rod (51) is positioned on the moving track of the shifting rod (46) on the rear bearing seat (421), and when the front unlocking rod (52) is abutted against the shifting rod (46) on the front bearing seat (411), the rear unlocking rod (51) is abutted against the shifting rod (46) on the rear bearing seat (421);
the rear bearing seat (421) is provided with a back-driving mechanism for enabling the shifting rod (46) on the rear bearing seat and the locking plate (43) on the rear bearing seat to rotate reversely;
the front unlocking rod (52) and the rear unlocking rod (51) are arranged in a staggered mode along the conveying direction of the conveying chain (31), the front unlocking rod (52) is closer to the conveying chain (31),
and/or the vertical height of the rear unlocking rod (51) is smaller than that of the front unlocking rod (52), and the vertical height of the deflector rod (46) on the rear bearing seat (421) is smaller than that of the deflector rod (46) on the front bearing seat (411).
6. A PCBA high-precision test equipment as in claim 5, wherein: the reverse driving mechanism comprises a main gear (471) fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the lock plate (43) and a secondary gear (472) fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the shifting lever (46), and the main gear (471) is meshed with the secondary gear (472).
7. A PCBA high precision test apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, in which: elevating gear includes that vertical rigid coupling is in linear driving piece (61) on frame (1), the drive end rigid coupling of linear driving piece (61) has bracket (62), the four corners of bracket (62) is used for conflicting two respectively preceding bearing seat (411) and two back bearing seat (421).
8. A PCBA high-precision test equipment as in claim 7, wherein: and buffering parts (63) are arranged between the bracket (62) and the front bearing seat (411) and the rear bearing seat (421).
9. A PCBA high precision test apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, in which: the horizontal position of the front bearing seat (411) on the front base (41) is adjustable, and the horizontal position of the rear bearing seat (421) on the rear base (42) is adjustable.
10. A high-precision test method for a PCBA using a high-precision test apparatus for a PCBA as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, feeding PCBA boards, starting the driving mechanism (32) to enable the two conveying chains (31) to synchronously perform step transmission, placing the PCBA boards on the bearing base one by one, and locking the PCBA boards by the locking device;
s2, positioning the PCBA, wherein when the conveying chain (31) conveys the bearing base bearing the PCBA to the position under a probe seat of the test bench (22), the driving mechanism (32) is suspended, and the lifting device pushes the bearing base and enables the PCBA to abut against a probe of the test bench (22);
s3, detecting the PCBA, wherein the test board (22) automatically detects the PCBA;
s4, unlocking and blanking the PCBA, wherein the PCBA after detection is completed travels to the unlocking device along with the conveying chain (31), the unlocking device unlocks the PCBA by the locking device, and then the PCBA after detection is completed is taken down.
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| CN202210303956.3A CN114675163B (en) | 2022-03-26 | 2022-03-26 | PCBA high-precision test equipment and test method |
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| CN202210303956.3A CN114675163B (en) | 2022-03-26 | 2022-03-26 | PCBA high-precision test equipment and test method |
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| CN114675163B CN114675163B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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