CN114651780A - Stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge device and method for aquaculture water body excrement - Google Patents
Stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge device and method for aquaculture water body excrement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114651780A CN114651780A CN202210446057.9A CN202210446057A CN114651780A CN 114651780 A CN114651780 A CN 114651780A CN 202210446057 A CN202210446057 A CN 202210446057A CN 114651780 A CN114651780 A CN 114651780A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention provides a stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge device and method for feces and sewage of an aquaculture water body, wherein the device comprises a cone arranged at the bottom of a culture pond, a water outlet pipe arranged on the wall of the culture pond and connected in a three-way manner, an internal water inlet pipe and an external water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe faces the tangential direction of the pond wall, and a first pressure pump and a first water flow velocity sensor are arranged on the water outlet pipe; the taper of the cone is variable, the small end faces downwards, and a drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the cone. The invention can be used for the design research of aquaculture facilities, and can realize the stable rotation of water, the high-efficiency sedimentation of residual sewage and the stable sewage discharge; the water consumption can be efficiently controlled, and high-density intensive aquaculture is supported; realizes the resource utilization of the fecal sewage residues and provides conditions for circulating culture, low-carbon high-efficiency pond circulating flow culture, pond high-density culture and the like. The method comprises the following steps: stable rotating sedimentation of water body excrement; adjusting the inclination of the cone at the bottom; and (5) stable pollution discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture devices, in particular to a stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge device and method for aquaculture water body excrement.
Background
China is the first aquaculture country in the world, the total yield of aquaculture in China exceeds 5000 million tons in 2018, 50% of aquaculture comes from pond culture, and in recent years, due to the fact that environmental protection policies are gradually tightened, the proportion of pond culture is continuously increased by taking nutrition prohibition measures for part of extensive culture modes (such as reservoir culture and lake surrounding culture). However, the intensive culture density of the pond is high, the bait system is large, 70-80% of the feed enters the water body, and the residual bait and excrement of fishes and shrimps cause serious pollution to the water body, bottom mud and the like, so that the culture water body is eutrophicated.
In order to effectively settle the feces, a water body rotating settling purification strategy is mostly adopted at present, and the power source is mainly generated by water inlet impulsive force. However, the water body is fast and slow in rotation speed, and in addition, the water inlet process can continuously influence residual sewage sedimentation, so that the water body is turbid, the water body purification and pollution discharge effects are influenced, unstable water inlet and outlet can stress fish schools, and healthy growth of the fish schools is not facilitated.
The rotating deposition of the fish pond water body deposits the excrement, and the bottom of the fish pond water body is generally designed in a conical shape to improve the excrement sedimentation effect. However, at present, the slope of the cone at the bottom of the pool is designed fixedly, and the slope is not unified, and mostly from the cost, the smaller the slope of the cone is, the lower the cost is, and the smaller the slope is designed by estimation.
Aiming at deposited excrement, manual pollution discharge and timed pollution discharge are mostly carried out by estimating the sedimentation condition of the excrement, and the collected excrement has high water content and higher subsequent purification cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge device and method for the excrement of an aquaculture water body.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a stable rotating sedimentation and sewage discharge device for feces and sewage of an aquaculture water body, which comprises a cone arranged at the bottom of a culture pond, a water outlet pipe arranged on the wall of the culture pond and connected in a three-way manner, an internal water inlet pipe and an external water inlet pipe, wherein the water outlet pipe faces the tangential direction of the pond wall, and a first pressure pump and a first water flow velocity sensor are arranged on the water outlet pipe; the taper of the cone is variable, the small end faces downwards, and a drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the cone.
The bottom of the cone is also provided with a water body rotation speed induction valve.
The bottom of the cone is also vertically distributed with first photosensitive sensors.
The cone comprises a plurality of concentric rings, the rings are connected through flexible waterproof materials, and the outermost ring is connected with the wall of the culture pond in a sliding mode.
The gap at the upper part of the circular ring is provided with annular plastic with the middle part inclined downwards, and the surface of the annular plastic is smooth.
And second photosensitive sensors are uniformly distributed on the annular plastic.
The annular water flushing device is positioned on the ring on the outermost side, a second pressure pump is arranged on the annular water flushing device, and a plurality of small holes are distributed in the annular water flushing device in a lateral and oblique mode below the annular water flushing device.
And a second water speed sensor is arranged on the small hole.
In addition, the diameter range of the inner water inlet pipe, the outer water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the drain valve is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the grown fish body, and the end part of the inner water inlet pipe, the outer water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe and the drain valve is of a spherical net structure. Facilitating the uniform swirling of the water and preventing fish from entering.
In addition, the blowoff valve is connected with the bottom suction pump, so that the pumping speed of the excrement is convenient to control.
The invention also provides a stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge method for the excrement of the aquaculture water body, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, excrement and sewage of a water body are stably rotated and settled, a water outlet pipe is arranged in a range of one fourth of the depth of water below the water surface, and the water flow velocity of the water outlet pipe is adjusted to 0.2-0.6 m/s;
when external water inlet is started, the first water speed sensor collects water speed data and transmits the water speed data to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the first pressurizing pump to work in an accelerating or decelerating mode, so that the water speed is controlled within a preset range.
When the sewage discharge part is started, the water body rotation speed sensing valve collects water body rotation data in real time and sends the water body rotation data to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the first pressure pump to work in a decelerating mode and controls the bottom suction pump to work in an accelerating mode, and the acceleration is controlled to be 0.1m/s2 until the water body rotation speed reaches the preset speed.
The setting of the water body rotation speed is calculated by the water speed at the edge of the pool, and the calculation method comprises the following steps: setting the rotating speed of the water body as V (revolution/s), the water speed of the water edge of the fish pond as V (m/s), the diameter d (mm) of the fish pond, and according to the formula: v1000 × V/(3.14 × d) is calculated.
Secondly, the inclination of the cone at the bottom is adjusted, the height of the cone is set to be h, the designed flushing speed of the annular flusher is Vc, the minimum effective flushing distance is Ic, Ic is numerically equal to Vc, and the maximum flushing distance is Sc according to the formula: sc is Ic + SQRT (2 x h/10), and a numerical value of Sc closest to the radius of the fishpond is selected in the adjustable gears of the height of the cone and the flushing speed;
and thirdly, stably discharging sewage, including automatic sewage discharging based on the deposition thickness of the excrement and automatic sewage discharging based on the deposition area of the excrement.
The automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition thickness of the excrement specifically comprises the following steps: the first photosensitive sensors are vertically distributed at intervals of 0.5cm or 1cm, data 0 are transmitted when the first photosensitive sensors are shielded, otherwise, data 1 are transmitted, and the sum of the transmitted data is the number n of the first photosensitive sensors capable of sensing light; and the excrement deposition thickness is L-N-N, N is the total number of the first photosensitive sensors, and the singlechip controls the sewage discharge part to be started or closed according to the comparison between L and the preset excrement deposition thickness for sewage discharge.
The automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition area of the excrement is specifically as follows: evenly distributed 1 ~ 2 second light sensor on every ring or the annular plastics of cone, second light sensor transmits data 0 when sheltered from, otherwise transmit data 1, the sum of transmission data is just second light sensor quantity M that can the sensitization, it piles up the area proportion for predetermineeing bottom excrement to establish P, second light sensor total number is K, according to M K (1-P), the singlechip is according to P and the dirty deposition area contrast of excrement of predetermineeing the blowdown, control blowdown part, annular flusher starts or closes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can be used for the design research of aquaculture facilities, and can realize the stable rotation of water bodies, the efficient sedimentation of residual sewage and the stable sewage discharge; the water consumption can be efficiently controlled, and high-density intensive aquaculture is supported; realizes the resource utilization of the fecal sewage residues and provides conditions for circulating culture, low-carbon high-efficiency pond circulating flow culture, pond high-density culture and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the top down configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a cone.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the annular flusher.
Fig. 5 is a process flow diagram of the blowdown process of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a culture pond; 2-a cone; 3-water outlet pipe; 301-a first water velocity sensor; 4-internal water inlet pipe; 5-external water inlet pipe; 6-a first booster pump; 7-a blowdown valve; 8-water body rotation speed induction valve; 9-a circular ring; 10-ring-shaped plastic; 11-a first light sensitive sensor; 12-a second light sensitive sensor; 13-an annular flusher; 14-a second booster pump; 15-small holes; 16-a second water velocity sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
Referring to FIGS. 1-4:
the invention provides a stable rotating sedimentation and sewage discharge device for feces and sewage of an aquaculture water body, which comprises a cone 2 arranged at the bottom of a culture pond 1, a water outlet pipe 3 arranged on the wall of the culture pond 1 and connected in a three-way manner, an internal water inlet pipe 4 and an external water inlet pipe 5, wherein the water outlet pipe 3 faces the tangential direction of the pond wall, and a first pressure pump 6 and a first water flow velocity sensor are arranged on the water outlet pipe 3; the taper of the cone 2 is changeable, the small end faces downwards, and a drain valve 7 is arranged at the bottom.
The principle is as follows: the water body can stably rotate through the booster pump, the first water speed sensor 301 and the water inlet pipe, and the first water speed sensor 301 can be used for detecting the rotation kinetic energy of the water body, so that the rotation speed stability of the water body is conveniently controlled; the taper of the bottom can be adjusted according to actual conditions by adopting the taper-variable conical body, so that the efficient settlement of excrement and sewage and stable sewage discharge are facilitated; when in pollution discharge, the water outlet pipe 3 can be connected with an external water supply device at the same time, so that the water level in the culture pond 1 is kept constant, and the water consumption is efficiently controlled; meanwhile, the discharged excrement has low water content, is easy to dehydrate and can be recycled. The first water speed sensor 301, the first booster pump 6 and the blow-down valve 7 are connected with the single chip microcomputer, the rotation speed of the water body can be automatically controlled through the single chip microcomputer, and the use is convenient. In addition, the invention does not need a scheme through the measure of automatic control of the singlechip, and can also be controlled manually without influencing the realization of the invention.
In conclusion, the invention can be used for the design research of aquaculture facilities, and can realize the stable rotation of water, the high-efficiency sedimentation of residual sewage and the stable pollution discharge; the water consumption can be efficiently controlled, and the high-density intensive aquaculture is supported; realizes the resource utilization of the fecal sewage residues and provides conditions for circulating culture, low-carbon high-efficiency pond circulating flow culture, pond high-density culture and the like.
The bottom of the cone 2 is also provided with a water body rotating speed induction valve 8. The device is used for measuring the rotating speed of the water body at the cone bottom, and the rotating speed of the peripheral water body can be measured by combining the radius of the culture pond 1, so that the device is combined with the first water speed sensor 301 and the first pressure pump 6, the rotating stability of the water body is further improved, and the controllability is stronger; the pollution discharge process has influence on the rotation of the water body, and the influence can be compensated in time through the arrangement, so that the water body can be kept to rotate stably, and fish schools are prevented from being frightened and precipitates are prevented from being stirred; the water body rotation speed induction valve 8 is connected with the single chip microcomputer and can be automatically controlled through the single chip microcomputer.
The bottom of the cone 2 is also distributed with first photosensitive sensors 11 along the vertical direction. When the feces is deposited to a certain depth, part of the first photosensitive sensors 11 are covered and shielded, the shielded amount reflects the deposition thickness of the feces, the blowdown part (the blowdown valve 7) is convenient to open when the feces is deposited to a certain thickness, and the blowdown part is closed when the feces is discharged to a certain degree, so that the blowdown process is stable, and the water content of the discharged feces is low; the first photosensitive sensor 11 can be connected with a single chip microcomputer, and the deposition thickness and the opening and closing of the sewage discharge part are controlled through the single chip microcomputer.
The cone 2 comprises a plurality of concentric rings 9, the rings 9 are connected through flexible waterproof materials, and the ring 9 at the outermost side is connected with the wall of the culture pond 1 in a sliding mode. When the device works, the lifting device is connected with the ring 9 at the outermost side, so that the taper of the cone 2 can be changed, and the operation is convenient; the lifting device can be a motor screw, a hoisting device and the like, and only the outermost ring 9 needs to be lifted.
The gap at the upper part of the circular ring 9 is provided with annular plastic 10 with the middle part inclined downwards, and the surface of the annular plastic 10 is smooth. The flatness is improved, so that deposited excrement can easily move to the bottom of the cone 2 under the action of water flow, and the sewage is conveniently discharged; the annular plastic 10 can be made of a plastic with flexibility and can be connected with the annular ring 9 in a point mode from the outer side so as to improve the adaptability to the change of the taper of the cone 2, for example, when the taper is increased, the inner side of the annular plastic 10 loses support sags.
The annular plastic 10 is uniformly distributed with second light sensors 12. When the excrement deposition covers the bottom of the cone 2 with a certain area, part of the second photosensitive sensors 12 are covered and shielded, the shielded quantity reflects the area proportion of the excrement deposition, the sewage discharge part is conveniently opened when the excrement deposition covers the certain area, and the sewage discharge part is closed when the sewage discharge reaches a certain degree, so that the sewage discharge process is stable; the second photosensitive sensor 12 can be connected with a singlechip, and the deposition area proportion is automatically calculated by the singlechip to control the opening and closing of the sewage discharge part.
The annular water flushing device is characterized by further comprising an annular water flushing device 13, wherein the annular water flushing device 13 is located on the outermost circular ring 9, a second pressurizing pump 14 is arranged on the annular water flushing device 13, and a plurality of small holes 15 are distributed in the annular water flushing device 13 and are formed in the lateral oblique lower portion. The water inlet of the second pressure pump 14 is positioned in the culture pond 1, and the annular flushing device 13 is used for flushing when the deposition thickness of the excrement is small and the area is large, so that the excrement is flushed to the bottom of the cone 2, the centralized pollution discharge is facilitated, and the water content of the discharged excrement is reduced; the second pressurizing pump 14 may be connected to a single chip microcomputer which automatically calculates a deposition area ratio based on the second photosensor 12 and calculates a deposition thickness based on the first photosensor 11, controls the annular flushing device 13, the opening and closing of the soil discharge portion, and controls the pressure of the second pressurizing pump 14.
And a second water speed sensor 16 is arranged on the small hole 15. The number of the second water flow velocity sensors is 1-2, the second water flow velocity sensors are used for measuring the flushing water flow velocity, under different tapers of the cone 2, the flushing action distance is different, the distance is just the best for flushing excrement to the middle part of the cone 2, and under the arrangement, the flushing speed can be conveniently controlled according to different tapers; the flushing rate can be controlled by controlling the pressure of the second booster pump 14, and the second water flow rate can be sensed.
In addition, the diameter range of the inner water inlet pipe 4, the outer water inlet pipe 5, the water outlet pipe 3 and the drain valve 7 is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the grown fish body, and the end part of the inner water inlet pipe is of a spherical net structure. Facilitating the uniform swirling of the water and preventing fish from entering.
In addition, the blowoff valve 7 is connected with a bottom suction pump, so that the pumping speed of the excrement is convenient to control.
In addition, in the northern hemisphere, the water outlet pipe 3 faces to the counterclockwise direction; in the southern hemisphere, outlet pipe 3 is oriented clockwise. According to the Kapiro phenomenon, the rotation direction of the northern hemisphere is anticlockwise, the rotation direction of the southern hemisphere is clockwise, so that the energy is saved conveniently, and the rotation is more stable.
Referring to FIGS. 1-5:
the invention also provides a stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge method for the excrement of the aquaculture water body, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, stably rotating and settling excrement of a water body, arranging a water outlet pipe 3 in a depth range of one fourth of the depth of water below the water surface, and adjusting the water flow speed of the water outlet pipe 3 to 0.2-0.6 m/s;
can meet different culture requirements. If the water body required to rotate quickly for the cultivation of the slimming fishes can be set to be 0.6m/s, and if the water body required to rotate at a low speed is required to pursue high feed conversion rate, the water body can be set to be 0.2m/s, and the default is 0.3 m/s.
When the external water inlet is started, the first water speed sensor 301 collects water speed data and transmits the water speed data to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the first booster pump 6 to work in an accelerating or decelerating mode, so that the water speed is controlled within a preset range. The water flow rate of the water outlet pipe 3 is influenced because the external water inlet has certain impact force; this arrangement ensures a stable water flow rate. Note: the water speed is controlled in a preset range, the preset range is a numerical value preset on site according to actual needs, and is set manually, for example, the water body required for the lean fish culture and needing to rotate quickly can be set to be 0.6m/s, and the allowable error is considered during setting, for example, the allowable error is set to be 0.55-0.65 m/s.
When the blowdown part is started, the water body rotation speed induction valve 8 collects water body rotation data in real time and sends the water body rotation data to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the first pressure pump 6 to work in a decelerating mode and controls the bottom suction pump to work in an accelerating mode, and the acceleration is controlled to be 0.1m/s2 until the water body rotation speed reaches the preset speed. Because the water body rotation can be influenced by drainage and pollution discharge, the arrangement reduces the influence of pollution discharge on the rotation speed of the water body, and utilizes the power of the pollution discharge to maintain the stability of the water body and save energy. Note: the explanation is the same as the explanation that the water speed is controlled in a preset range until the water rotation speed reaches the preset speed, and the water rotation speed and the peripheral water speed form a determined corresponding relation and are related to the circular radius because the culture pond and the cone are circular, and the preset range is also manually set.
The setting of the water body rotation speed is calculated by the water speed at the edge of the pool, and the calculation method comprises the following steps: setting the rotating speed of the water body as V (revolution/s), the water speed of the water edge of the fish pond as V (m/s), the diameter d (mm) of the fish pond, and according to the formula: v-1000 × V/(3.14 × d) is calculated. The diameter d of the fishpond is substituted, the required water velocity at the edge of the fishpond is v, the required water velocity at the edge of the fishpond can be calculated, taking a fishpond with the diameter of 1m as an example, the corresponding water velocity at the edge is 0.2-0.6m/s, the corresponding setting range of the stable water body is 0.06-0.19 r/s, if the water body needs to be rotated fast for the lean fish culture, the water body needs to be rotated at a low speed if high feed conversion rate is pursued, the corresponding setting is 0.06 r/s, and the default is 0.10 r/s. The calculation results are as follows:
| linear velocity v (m/s) | Fishpond diameter d (mm) | Rotational speedV (turn/s) |
| 0.2 | 1000 | 0.06 |
| 0.3 | 1000 | 0.10 |
| 0.4 | 1000 | 0.13 |
| 0.5 | 1000 | 0.16 |
| 0.6 | 1000 | 0.19 |
Secondly, the inclination of the cone 2 at the bottom is adjusted, the height of the cone 2 is set to be h, the designed flushing speed of the annular flusher 13 is Vc, the minimum effective flushing distance is Ic, Ic is numerically equal to Vc, and the maximum flushing distance is Sc according to the formula: sc is Ic + SQRT (2 x h/10), and a value of Sc closest to the radius of the fishpond is selected in the adjustable gears of the height of the cone 2 and the flushing speed;
note: SQRT (a) represents the square root of a non-negative real number a. To ensure that the equations are correct, the Sc, Ic, h units are units of length of the same order of magnitude. When each parameter takes on a value, the values should be taken on the same order of magnitude, for example, if Vc is m/s, Sc, Ic, and h are all m.
Step two, calculating an example: the default taper is 45 degrees, each 5 degrees is an adjusting gear, taking a fishpond with the diameter of 1m as an example, the water flushing speed of the annular flushing device 13 is adjusted within the range of 0.2-0.6m/s, three gears of 0.2m/s, 0.3m/s and 0.4m/s are taken as an example for calculation, and the calculation results are as follows. It can be known that only 0.4m/s is the appropriate flushing speed, the single chip microcomputer selects the speed to automatically control the working speed of the second booster pump 14, the height of the cone is automatically adjusted to 0.29m (the lifting device is controlled, or the display value is manually adjusted), and the corresponding cone angle is 30 degrees.
| Height h (m) | Inclination (degree) | Sc at 0.2m/s | Sc at 0.3m/s | Sc at 0.4m/s |
| 0.13 | 15 | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.47 |
| 0.18 | 20 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 0.48 |
| 0.23 | 25 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 0.49 |
| 0.29 | 30 | 0.25 | 0.37 | 0.50 |
| 0.35 | 35 | 0.25 | 0.38 | 0.51 |
| 0.42 | 40 | 0.26 | 0.39 | 0.52 |
| 0.50 | 45 | 0.26 | 0.39 | 0.53 |
| 0.60 | 50 | 0.27 | 0.40 | 0.54 |
| 0.71 | 55 | 0.28 | 0.41 | 0.55 |
| 0.87 | 60 | 0.28 | 0.42 | 0.57 |
And thirdly, stably discharging sewage, including automatic sewage discharging based on the deposition thickness of the excrement and automatic sewage discharging based on the deposition area of the excrement.
The automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition thickness of the excrement specifically comprises the following steps: the first photosensitive sensors 11 are vertically distributed at intervals of 0.5cm or 1cm, data 0 is transmitted when the first photosensitive sensors 11 are shielded, and if not, data 1 is transmitted, and the sum of the transmitted data is the number n of the first photosensitive sensors 11 capable of sensing light; and the deposition thickness of the excrement is L-N-N, N is the total number of the first photosensitive sensors (11), and the singlechip controls the start or the stop of the sewage discharge part according to the comparison between L and the deposition thickness of the excrement preset for sewage discharge.
Taking the 111cm interval distribution of the first photosensitive sensors as an example, and combining automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition area of the excrement, the control logic is as shown in fig. 5; thereby realizing automatic pollution discharge.
The automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition area of the excrement is specifically as follows: every ring 9 of cone 2 or annular plastics 10 go up evenly distributed 1 ~ 2 second light sensor 12, second light sensor 12 conveys data 0 when sheltering from, otherwise convey data 1, the sum of the conveying data is second light sensor 12 quantity M that can the sensitization promptly, it piles up the area proportion for presetting bottom excrement to establish P, second light sensor 12 total number is K, according to M K (1-P), the singlechip is according to P and the excrement deposition area contrast of presetting the blowdown, control blowdown part, annular flusher 13 starts or closes.
Taking the preset feces deposition area for discharging the feces 30% and the total number of the second photosensitive sensors 12 as K40 as an example, combining the automatic discharging based on the feces deposition thickness, the control logic is as shown in fig. 5; thereby realizing automatic pollution discharge.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an aquaculture water body excrement is dirty stably rotatory subsides and waste fitting discharging which characterized in that: the device comprises a cone (2) arranged at the bottom of a culture pond (1), a water outlet pipe (3) arranged on the wall of the culture pond (1) and connected in a three-way manner, an internal water inlet pipe (4) and an external water inlet pipe (5), wherein the water outlet pipe (3) faces the tangential direction of the wall of the pond, and a first pressure pump (6) and a first water flow velocity sensor are arranged on the water outlet pipe (3); the taper of the cone (2) is changeable, the small end of the cone faces downwards, and a drain valve (7) is arranged at the bottom of the cone.
2. The stable rotating settling and blowdown apparatus for fecal sewage of aquaculture water of claim 1 wherein: the bottom of the cone (2) is also provided with a water body rotation speed induction valve (8); the bottom of the cone (2) is also vertically distributed with first photosensitive sensors (11).
3. The stable rotating sedimentation and sewage draining device for the feces of the aquaculture water body of claim 2, wherein: the cone (2) comprises a plurality of concentric rings (9), the rings (9) are connected through flexible waterproof materials, and the ring (9) on the outermost side is connected with the wall of the culture pond (1) in a sliding mode.
4. The stable rotating sedimentation and sewage draining device for the feces of the aquaculture water body of claim 3, wherein: the gap at the upper part of the circular ring (9) is provided with annular plastic (10) with the middle part inclined downwards, the surface of the annular plastic (10) is smooth, and second photosensitive sensors (12) are uniformly distributed on the annular plastic (10).
5. The stable rotating sedimentation and sewage draining device for the feces of the aquaculture water body of claim 3, wherein: the water flushing device is characterized by further comprising an annular flushing device (13), wherein the annular flushing device (13) is located on the outermost circular ring (9), a second pressure pump (14) is arranged on the annular flushing device (13), a plurality of small holes (15) are distributed in the annular flushing device (13) and are obliquely arranged below the inner side of the annular flushing device (13), and a second water speed sensor (16) is arranged on each small hole (15).
6. An aquiculture water body feces stable rotating sedimentation and pollution discharge method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, stable rotating sedimentation of water body feces, arranging a water outlet pipe (3) in a range of one fourth of water depth below the water surface, and adjusting the water flow speed of the water outlet pipe (3) to 0.2-0.6 m/s;
secondly, the inclination of the cone (2) at the bottom is adjusted, the height of the cone (2) is set to be h, the designed flushing speed of the annular flusher (13) is Vc, the minimum effective flushing distance is Ic, Ic is numerically equal to Vc, and the maximum flushing distance is Sc according to the formula: sc is Ic + SQRT (2 x h/10), and a numerical value of Sc closest to the radius of the fishpond is selected in the adjustable gears of the height of the cone (2) and the flushing speed;
and thirdly, stable sewage disposal, including automatic sewage disposal based on the deposition thickness of the excrement and automatic sewage disposal based on the deposition area of the excrement.
7. The method for stable rotating settlement and sewage discharge of feces in aquaculture water body of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when external water inlet is started, the first water speed sensor (301) collects water speed data and transmits the water speed data to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the first pressure pump (6) to accelerate or decelerate to work so that the water speed is controlled within a preset range.
8. The method for stable rotating settlement and sewage discharge of feces in aquaculture water body of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the blowdown part is started, the water body rotation speed induction valve (8) collects water body rotation data in real time and sends the water body rotation data to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the first pressure pump (6) to work in a decelerating mode and controls the bottom suction pump to work in an accelerating mode, and the acceleration is controlled to be 0.1m/s2 until the water body rotation speed reaches the preset speed.
9. The stable rotating sedimentation and sewage disposal method for water body dung of aquaculture of claim 6, wherein: step three, the automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition thickness of the excrement specifically comprises the following steps: the first photosensitive sensors (11) are vertically distributed at intervals of 0.5cm or 1cm, data 0 are transmitted when the first photosensitive sensors (11) are shielded, otherwise, data 1 are transmitted, and the sum of the transmitted data is the number n of the first photosensitive sensors (11) capable of sensing light; and the deposition thickness of the excrement is L-N-N, N is the total number of the first photosensitive sensors (11), and the singlechip controls the start or the stop of the sewage discharge part according to the comparison between L and the deposition thickness of the excrement preset for sewage discharge.
10. The method for stable rotating settlement and sewage discharge of feces in aquaculture water body of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step three, the automatic sewage discharge based on the deposition area of the excrement specifically comprises the following steps: evenly distributed 1 ~ 2 second light sensor (12) on every ring (9) or annular plastics (10) of cone (2), data 0 is transmitted when second light sensor (12) are sheltered from, otherwise data 1 is transmitted, the sum of data transmission is just second light sensor (12) quantity M that can sensitization, it piles up the area proportion for presetting bottom excrement to establish P, second light sensor (12) total number is K, according to M ═ K ═ 1-P, the dirty deposition area contrast of excrement that singlechip was according to P and was predetermineeing the blowdown, control blowdown part, annular flushing ware (13) start or close.
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