CN114636637A - In-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration and working method - Google Patents
In-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration and working method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration and a working method thereof. By adopting the technical scheme, the method can overcome the residual influences of natural exchange of water, long-term sedimentation of suspended matters and the measurement process of different samples, and effectively ensures the accuracy of the measurement result. Meanwhile, the invention innovatively provides a flow rate feedback control method, and a plurality of filters can be preset with any grouping according to the needs, so that the method has stronger automatic adaptability to the water body with larger concentration difference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean in-situ observation, in particular to an in-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration and a working method.
Background
The turbidimeter is the mainstream mode of observing the concentration of the current marine suspended matters by combining with suction filtration calibration. The turbidimeter is a conventional ocean observation device for indirectly measuring the concentration of suspended matters by measuring the optical (or acoustic) backscattering intensity of a sample, and because the suspended matter particles have different shapes and particle size components, the turbidimeter is still an indispensable link for current ocean observation after water sampling, suction filtration and calibration.
The suction filtration is an irreplaceable important means for enriching and sampling marine suspended matters, and is widely applied to scientific researches on marine suspended sediments, marine micro-plastics, marine particle pollutants and the like. The traditional method for measuring the concentration of suspended matters by water taking and suction filtration often has the problems of natural precipitation of samples, uneven sampling, insufficient sample amount, large disturbance of repeated water taking environment, long operation time, high ship time cost and the like.
Patent CN202120515500.4 discloses an ocean multichannel normal position suction filter, through filter equipment, underwater pump, electromagnetism strobe valve group under water, under water filter integrated device, under water digital flowmeter and under water well accuse and power supply unit, can realize carrying out the normal position timesharing to water body suspended sand under water and take a sample and filter, have the advantage such as the sample of using manpower sparingly, normal position fidelity acquisition.
The above patent mainly relates to ocean sampling equipment, and mentions the function promptness of suspended particulate matter concentration determination, but there are the following problems to be solved if the accurate determination function is realized: (1) the sample obtained by post-suction filtration is affected by the residual of the previous sample, and the influence of natural sedimentation is not considered, so that the measurement result is inaccurate. The coarse filtration device is connected to water pump water inlet in above-mentioned patent application, and the solenoid valve is connected to the delivery port and is reconnected to filter equipment, and its essence is pressure filtration rather than negative pressure suction filtration. And whether the coarse filter has screening influence on suspended matters is not discussed, and the sample passes through the coarse filtering device, the water pump body and the electromagnetic valve in sequence along with water flow and is finally enriched and captured by the filter. In the implementation process, the previous suction filtration process can not avoid the residual samples at the positions of a coarse filter pipeline, a water pump cavity and the like, and the residual samples are mixed into the next sample at random proportion in the next suction filtration process, and new residues are introduced. In addition, the invention does not consider and solve the influence of water body exchange and long-term natural sedimentation of suspended matters on the accuracy of the sample result in the retraction and release process of the device. (2) The one-by-one suction filtration has certain limitation, and the mode of simply setting the suction filtration volume or the suction filtration time to control the suction filtration effect has great uncertainty. The laboratory suction filtration experience shows that: the sampling water quantities of different layers, different water bodies and different suspended matters are not unique, and the one-by-one sample suction filtration efficiency is low. If the content of suspended matters in the water body is very low, the suction filtration volume is small or the suction filtration time is short, the problem of insufficient enrichment of the sample amount can occur; if the content of suspended matters in the water body is very high, the problem that the suction filtration volume cannot be reached in a limited time or the condition that a high-pressure low-flow filter membrane is damaged for a long time can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the in-situ measurement device for the concentration of the suspended matters and the working method thereof, which can overcome the residual influences of natural exchange of water bodies, long-term sedimentation of the suspended matters and the measurement processes of different samples and effectively ensure the accuracy of the measurement result. Meanwhile, the invention innovatively provides a flow rate feedback control method, and a plurality of filters can be preset with any grouping according to the needs, so that the method has stronger automatic adaptability to the water body with larger concentration difference.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration comprises a main body frame, a watertight control cabin, a speed regulating liquid pump, a filter, a clamp type flowmeter and a rigid connecting pipe, wherein the watertight control cabin, the speed regulating liquid pump, the filter, the clamp type flowmeter and the rigid connecting pipe are arranged in the main body frame;
the watertight control cabin is connected with the speed regulating liquid pump and the clamp-type flowmeter through watertight cables for power supply, signal transmission and feedback, a watertight connector is arranged on a cabin cover of the watertight control cabin and is connected with a PC upper computer through a USB or a serial port line, and the top of the speed regulating liquid pump is provided with a water inlet of the speed regulating liquid pump and a water outlet of the speed regulating liquid pump;
the filter is positioned at the foremost end of water body exchange of the device and is arranged on a hexagonal frame between a hexagonal pyramid frame at the upper layer and a hexagonal prism frame at the middle layer, each hexagonal frame is provided with a group of filters, each group of filters comprises a hollow base, an electromagnetic valve, a lower half shell, a filter screen, a filter membrane, an anti-overflow ball, an upper half shell and a dustproof cap, one end of the hollow base is provided with a base water outlet and 6 base water inlets arranged on the surface of the hollow base, the base water outlet is sequentially connected with a speed regulating liquid pump water inlet of a clamp-type flowmeter and a speed regulating liquid pump through rigid connecting pipes, each base water inlet is provided with an electromagnetic valve, one end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the base water inlet, the lower half shell and the upper half shell are both conical, the bottom end of the lower half shell is provided with a lower half shell water outlet, the lower half shell water outlet is connected with the other end of the electromagnetic valve, and both sides of the upper part of the lower half shell are respectively provided with lower half shell fixing holes and fixedly connected with the frames through screws, the upper portion inboard of half shell down is provided with the recess, and the filter sieve is installed in half shell down recess, covers the filter membrane above the filter sieve, and first shell is pressed on the filter membrane, and the anti-overflow ball is placed in the cavity between last half shell and filter membrane, and first shell water inlet has been seted up on the top of last half shell, and first shell top is covered with the dust cap.
As a preferred scheme, the speed regulation liquid pump is realized by adopting a deep sea brushless direct current motor for driving, PWM (pulse width modulation) control speed regulation and a diaphragm type vacuum liquid pump.
Preferably, the groove of the lower half shell is provided with a magnetic block for magnetic attraction connection and clamping of the fixed filter membrane.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the dust cap is provided with a magnet which covers the upper half shell in a magnetic connection mode, and a slit is formed between the dust cap and the upper half shell.
Preferably, the anti-overflow ball is less dense than water and has a diameter greater than the diameter of the water inlet of the upper half shell.
Preferably, the bottom end of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected with the acoustic releaser and the counterweight through a steel cable, and the top end of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected with the second in-situ measuring device and the floating body material through a steel cable.
A working method of an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration specifically comprises the following steps:
s1 device use and deployment: the device uses the preceding sanitization with distilled water with the filter, rigid connection pipe etc. before the use, change and dry in advance and call the heavy new filter membrane and record the serial number before, with distilled water fully saturated eduction gear pipeline and pump body air, install the magnetism and inhale half shell, slowly pour into distilled water into from half shell water inlet, make the anti-overflow ball come up and plug up half shell water inlet on the filter and install magnetism and inhale the dust cap, avoid the device cloth put, retrieve and the water of normal position long-term in-process and contain the suspended solid exchange get into in the filter. And (3) connecting a PC upper computer to control all the electromagnetic valves to be in an initial normally closed state, and setting a suction filtration time sequence by inputting program parameters. According to observation and sampling requirements, the anchor system is distributed on the sea bottom in a dot matrix manner, or is connected in series at different depth positions of the anchor system in a chained manner;
and S2, the working process of the device: when the preset time of the program is reached, the control program firstly controls a plurality of electromagnetic valves which are correspondingly grouped to be opened, then the speed regulating liquid pump is started to provide negative pressure suction filtration, the suction filtration rate is obtained in real time through the clip-type flowmeter, and the rotating speed of the liquid pump is fed back and adjusted to control the suction filtration pressure; the water flow enters from a slit between the dust cap and the upper half shell under the driving of differential pressure, sequentially passes through a water inlet of the upper half shell, a filter membrane, a filter screen, a water outlet of the lower half shell, a rigid connecting pipe and a water inlet of the speed regulating liquid pump, and is finally discharged from a water outlet of the speed regulating liquid pump; suspended matters in water enter a filter along with water flow and stay and are enriched on a filter membrane; after the pumping filtration is finished, closing the electromagnetic valve, stopping the speed regulating liquid pump, recording the serial number of the filter and the volume of the pumping filtration water sample, and finishing a group of secondary pumping filtration; the overflow-proof ball floats upwards under the action of buoyancy to block the water inlet of the upper half shell of the filter, and the exchange of water and suspended matters is isolated again; when the program executes the next time sequence, the steps are repeatedly executed on the next grouped filter, and all in-situ suction filtration sampling is completed;
and (3) recovery post-treatment of the S3 device: after observation is finished, the device is recovered and connected with a PC upper computer, a magnetic dust cap of the filter is taken down, the electromagnetic valve is manually controlled to be opened, and suction filtration is continued until no water residue exists in the corresponding filter; slowly injecting distilled water from the water inlet of the upper half shell to clean the inner wall of the upper half shell of the filter, controlling the injection speed without overflowing, and repeating the cleaning operation until all suspended matters are washed and enriched on the filter membrane; pumping the residual liquid, taking off the upper half shell, and collecting and storing the filter membrane; all the filter membrane collection work is completed one by one, and the device is flushed with fresh water for maintenance and is properly stored;
s4 concentration calculation: drying the enriched filter membrane, weighing, recording, and determining the front weight m1Rear weight m2And calculating the suction filtration volume V to obtain the mass concentration C of the suspended matterm=（m2-m1）/V。
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the device has unique dustproof cap and waterproof body exchange design, can effectively avoid the influence of external sources such as water body exchange and natural settling of suspended matters, and the like, and meanwhile, the filter is arranged at the forefront end of the water body exchange, the suspended matters directly enter the filter for enrichment and capture, so that mutual interference among samples is avoided, the purity of the samples is ensured, and the accuracy of a concentration determination result is effectively improved.
2. The device provided by the invention innovatively provides a suction filtration volume rate feedback control method, can cope with the in-situ suction filtration measurement condition of suspended matters with large concentration difference, ensures that enough samples can be enriched and captured, avoids filter membrane damage and invalidation, and has wider adaptability.
3. The device has two functions of long-time sequence in-situ observation and enrichment sampling, can be used for carrying observation sensors such as CTD (China railway digital simulator), turbidimeter and the like, can be arranged on the sea floor in a dot matrix manner, and can also be connected in series at different depth positions of an anchor system in a chain manner, thereby being beneficial to long-term observation of the continuous change process of target suspended matters in the process of capturing events and providing technical supplement for ocean observation.
4. The invention has reasonable structural design, stable working process, wide application range and higher scientific and commercial value.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the filter of the present invention in its entirety;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the filter for exchanging dust-proof and water-proof bodies according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a half-sectional structure of the dustproof and waterproof body exchange filter according to the present invention;
figure 6 is a schematic view of two deployment modes of the present invention,
wherein, the corresponding relationship between the reference numbers and the components in fig. 1 to fig. 6 is:
the acoustic control device comprises a frame 1, a hexagonal pyramid frame 101, a hexagonal prism frame 102, a frame lifting point 11, a balancing weight 12, a fixed hoop 13, a watertight control cabin 2, a watertight connector 21, a speed regulation liquid pump 3, a speed regulation liquid pump water inlet 31, a speed regulation liquid pump water outlet 32, a filter 4, a hollow base 41, a base water inlet 411, a base water outlet 412, a solenoid valve 42, a lower half shell 43, a fixed hole 431, a lower half shell 432, a magnetic block 433, a filter sieve 44, a filter membrane 45, an anti-overflow ball 46, an upper half shell 47, an upper half shell 471, an upper half shell water inlet 471, a magnet 472, a slit 473, a dust cap 48, a clamp type flowmeter 5, a rigid connecting pipe 6, a floating ball 7 or a floating body material, a steel cable counterweight 8, a 9 and a 10 release acoustic device.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein and, therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The in-situ measurement apparatus and the operation method of the suspended matter concentration according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides an in-situ measurement apparatus for suspended matter concentration, which comprises a main body frame 1, and a watertight control cabin 2, a speed regulation liquid pump 3, a filter 4, a clip-type flowmeter 5 and a rigid connection pipe 6 which are installed inside the main body frame 1, wherein the main body frame 1 is a bearing foundation of the whole apparatus, the attached drawing shows an implementation form of the frame, the main body frame 1 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, which are a hexagonal pyramid frame 101 at the upper layer and a hexagonal prism frame 102 at the middle layer in sequence, six side edges of the hexagonal prism frame 102 extend downwards, and a detachable counterweight 12 is installed at the bottom end of the hexagonal prism frame for adjusting the overall weight and the center of gravity of the apparatus. The top end of the upper hexagonal pyramid frame 101 is provided with a frame lifting point 11 for device transportation and hoisting, the middle part of the hexagonal prism frame 102 is provided with a fixed hoop 13, and the fixed hoop 13 is used for installing the watertight control cabin 2, the speed-regulating liquid pump 3, the clamp type flowmeter 5 and the rigid connecting pipe 6;
the inside of the watertight control cabin 2 is provided with a battery pack and a control circuit, and the watertight control cabin is connected with a speed regulating liquid pump 3 and a clamp type flowmeter 5 through watertight cables to carry out power supply, signal transmission and feedback, and automatically control the suction filtration process. The watertight connector 21 is arranged on the hatch cover of the watertight control cabin 2, is connected with a PC upper computer through a USB or a serial port line, can randomly marshal a plurality of filters as required, presets a suction filtration sequence, controls the suction filtration start and stop, records the suction filtration volume and time, feeds back the suction filtration volume rate in real time, controls the rotating speed of a liquid pump and further controls the suction filtration pressure and the like. The top of the speed regulating liquid pump 3 is provided with a speed regulating liquid pump water inlet 31 and a speed regulating liquid pump water outlet 32;
the filter 4 is positioned at the foremost end of water body exchange of the device and is arranged on a hexagonal frame between the hexagonal pyramid frame 101 at the upper layer and the hexagonal prism frame 102 at the middle layer, each hexagonal frame is provided with a group of filters 4, each group of filters 4 comprises a hollow base 41, an electromagnetic valve 42, a lower half shell 43, a filter screen 44, a filter membrane 45, an anti-overflow ball 46, an upper half shell 47 and a dustproof cap 48, one end of the hollow base 41 is provided with a base water outlet 412 and 6 clamp-type base water inlets 411 arranged on the surface of the hollow base 41, the base water outlet 412 is sequentially connected with the speed regulating liquid pump water inlet 31 of the speed regulating liquid pump 3 through a rigid connecting pipe 6, the electromagnetic valve 42 is arranged at each base water inlet 411, one end of the electromagnetic valve 42 is connected with the base water inlet 411, the lower half shell 43 and the upper half shell 47 are both conical, the bottom end of the lower half shell 43 is provided with a lower half shell water outlet 432, the lower half shell water outlet 432 is connected with the other end of the electromagnetic valve 42, the two sides of the upper portion of the lower half shell 43 are respectively provided with a lower half shell fixing hole 431 and are fixedly connected with the frame through screws through the lower half shell fixing hole 431, the inner side of the upper portion of the lower half shell 43 is provided with a groove, the filter screen 44 is installed in the groove of the lower half shell 43, the filter screen 45 covers the upper surface of the filter screen 44, the upper half shell 47 is pressed on the filter screen 45, the anti-overflow ball 46 is placed in a cavity between the upper half shell 47 and the filter screen 45, the top end of the upper half shell 47 is provided with an upper half shell water inlet 471, and the upper portion of the upper half shell 47 is covered with a dust cap 48. During suction filtration, environmental water is sucked from the space between the dustproof cap 48 and the upper half shell 47, suspended matters are enriched and captured when the environmental water flows through the filter membrane 45 and the filter screen 44, and the filtered water flows through the electromagnetic valve 42, the hollow base 41, the rigid connecting pipe 6, the clamp-type flow meter 5 and the speed regulating liquid pump 3 from the water outlet 432 of the lower half shell in sequence and finally flows out from the water outlet 32 of the speed regulating liquid pump. Therefore, suspended matters are enriched and captured when passing through the filter along with the environmental water body, and cannot be retained in a subsequent pipeline and a pump body, so that mutual influence among different filters is avoided. Meanwhile, when the suction filtration is not carried out, the overflow prevention ball and the electromagnetic valve respectively seal the water inlet and the water outlet, the environmental water body is not exchanged with the filter, and suspended matters naturally settle and cannot enter the filter, so that the water body exchange and the external source introduction are blocked.
As the preferred scheme, the speed-regulating liquid pump 3 is realized by adopting a deep-sea brushless direct current motor for driving, PWM (pulse width modulation) control speed regulation and a diaphragm type vacuum liquid pump. Along with the gradual enrichment of suspended matters on the filter, the volume rate of suction filtration gradually becomes slow, and the running speed of the speed regulating liquid pump 3 is also adjusted in real time along with the suction filtration rate fed back by the pressure and the flowmeter, so that the pressure stability of suction filtration is maintained. The suction filtration starting condition is a preset time sequence, and the suction filtration rate threshold value is preferably set under the stopping condition, namely the clamp-type flowmeter 5 detects that the real-time flow rate V is less than or equal to a preset value c and the current number n of the grouped filters. The filtration rate threshold is obtained according to laboratory experiences such as the area of the filter membrane, the aperture size, the characteristics of suspended matters and the like. Therefore, enough suspended matter samples can be obtained under the condition of uncertain suspended matter concentration characteristics, and meanwhile, the filter membrane is prevented from being damaged and losing efficacy.
Preferably, a magnetic block 433 is disposed at the groove of the lower half-shell 43 for magnetically connecting and clamping the fixed filter membrane 45.
Further, a magnet 472 is disposed on the inner wall of the dust cap 48 to cover the upper half-shell 47 in a magnetic attraction manner, and a slit 473 is formed between the dust cap 48 and the upper half-shell 47.
Preferably, the spill ball 46 is less dense than water and has a diameter greater than the diameter of the upper half shell water inlet 471.
The hexagonal frame shown in the drawings of the present invention is only one specific implementation form of the present invention, and the structure thereof includes, but is not limited to, the drawings. Meanwhile, the frame can be used for carrying sensing equipment such as CTD (China railway digital simulator), turbidimeter and the like, and can be matched with floating balls or floating body materials, releasers, balancing weights and the like according to needs, so that the frame can be distributed on the seabed in a dot matrix manner, can also be connected in series at different depth positions of an anchor system in a chain manner, and is flexible in use mode. The bottom end of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected with an acoustic releaser 10 and a counterweight 8 through a steel cable 9, and the top end of the in-situ measuring device is sequentially connected with a second in-situ measuring device and the floating body material 7 through the steel cable 9.
A working method of an in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration specifically comprises the following steps:
use and deployment of the S1 device: the device uses the preceding sanitization with distilled water with filter 4, rigid connection pipe 6 etc. before the use, change and dry in advance and weigh heavy new filter membrane 45 and record the serial number before weighing, fully saturate exhaust device pipeline and pump body air with distilled water, install magnetism and inhale upper half shell 47, slowly pour into distilled water into from upper half shell water inlet 471, make the anti-overflow ball 46 come up and block up filter upper half shell water inlet 471 and install magnetism and inhale dust cap 48, avoid the device to lay, retrieve and the long-term in-process water of normal position and the exchange of suspended solid that contains get into in the filter. And the PC upper computer is connected to control all the electromagnetic valves 42 to be in an initial normally closed state, and a suction filtration time sequence is set by inputting program parameters. According to the observation and sampling requirements, or the anchor system is distributed on the seabed in a dot matrix manner, as shown in the left side of FIG. 6, or is connected in series in a chain manner at different depth positions of the anchor system, as shown in the right side of FIG. 6;
and S2, the working process of the device: when the preset time of the program is reached, the control program firstly controls the corresponding grouped solenoid valves 42 to be opened, then the speed regulating liquid pump 3 is started to provide negative pressure suction filtration, the suction filtration rate is obtained in real time through the clip-type flowmeter 5, and the rotating speed of the liquid pump is fed back and regulated to control the suction filtration pressure; the water flow enters from a slit 473 between the dustproof cap 48 and the upper half shell 47 under the driving of pressure difference, passes through the upper half shell water inlet 471, the filter membrane 45, the filter screen 44, the lower half shell water outlet 432, the rigid connecting pipe 6 and the speed-regulating liquid pump water inlet 31 in sequence, and is finally discharged from the speed-regulating liquid pump water outlet 32; suspended matters in water enter a filter along with water flow and stay and are enriched on a filter membrane; after the pumping filtration is finished, closing the electromagnetic valve 42, stopping the speed regulating liquid pump 3, recording the serial number of the filter and the volume of the pumping filtration water sample, and finishing a group of pumping filtration; the anti-overflow ball 46 floats upwards under the action of buoyancy to block the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell of the filter, and the exchange of water and suspended matters is isolated again; when the program executes the next time sequence, the steps are repeatedly executed on the next grouped filter, and all in-situ suction filtration sampling is completed;
and (3) recovery post-treatment of the S3 device: after observation is finished, the device is recovered and connected with a PC upper computer, the magnetic dust-proof cap 48 of the filter is taken down, the electromagnetic valve 42 is manually controlled to be opened, and suction filtration is continued until no water residue exists in the corresponding filter; distilled water is slowly injected from the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell to clean the inner wall of the upper half shell of the filter, the injection speed is controlled not to overflow, and the cleaning operation is repeated until all suspended matters are washed and enriched on the filter membrane; pumping the residual liquid, taking off the upper half shell 47, and finishing the collection and storage of the filter membrane; completing the collection work of all the filter membranes one by one, flushing the device with fresh water for maintenance and properly storing;
s4 concentration calculation: drying the enriched filter membrane, weighing, recording, and determining the front weight m1Rear weight m2And calculating the suction filtration volume V to obtain the mass concentration C of the suspended matterm=（m2-m1）/V。
In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An in-situ measuring device for suspended matter concentration comprises a main body frame (1), a watertight control cabin (2), a speed regulating liquid pump (3), a filter (4), a clamp type flowmeter (5) and a rigid connecting pipe (6), wherein the watertight control cabin, the speed regulating liquid pump (3), the filter (4), the clamp type flowmeter (5) and the rigid connecting pipe are arranged in the main body frame (1), the main body frame (1) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, a hexagonal prism frame (101) on the upper layer and a hexagonal prism frame (102) on the middle layer are sequentially arranged, six side edges of the hexagonal prism frame (102) extend downwards, a detachable balancing weight (12) is arranged at the bottom end of the hexagonal prism frame, a frame hanging point (11) is arranged at the top end of the hexagonal prism frame (101) on the upper layer, a fixing hoop (13) is arranged in the middle of the hexagonal prism frame (102), and the fixing hoop (13) is used for installing the watertight control cabin (2), the speed regulating liquid pump (3), the clamp type flowmeter (5) and the rigid connecting pipe (6);
the watertight control cabin (2) is connected with the speed regulating liquid pump (3) and the clamp type flowmeter (5) through watertight cables for power supply, signal transmission and feedback, a watertight connector (21) is arranged on a cabin cover of the watertight control cabin (2) and is connected with a PC upper computer through a USB or a serial port line, and the top of the speed regulating liquid pump (3) is provided with a speed regulating liquid pump water inlet (31) and a speed regulating liquid pump water outlet (32);
the filter (4) is positioned at the foremost end of water body exchange of the device and is arranged on a hexagonal frame between a hexagonal pyramid frame (101) at the upper layer and a hexagonal prism frame (102) at the middle layer, each hexagonal frame is provided with a group of filters (4), each group of filters (4) comprises a hollow base (41), an electromagnetic valve (42), a lower half shell (43), a filter screen (44), a filter membrane (45), an anti-overflow ball (46), an upper half shell (47) and a dustproof cap (48), one end of the hollow base (41) is provided with a base water outlet (412) and 6 base water inlets (411) arranged on the surface of the hollow base (41), a base water outlet (412) is sequentially connected with a speed regulating liquid pump water inlet (31) of a speed regulating liquid pump (3) through a rigid connecting pipe (6), the electromagnetic valve (42) is arranged at each base water inlet (411), the one end of solenoid valve (42) links to each other with base water inlet (411), lower half shell (43) and first half shell (47) are the taper shape, lower half shell delivery port (432) have been seted up to the bottom of lower half shell (43), lower half shell delivery port (432) link to each other with the other end of solenoid valve (42), the upper portion both sides of lower half shell (43) are equipped with lower half shell fixed orifices (431) respectively and pass through screw fixed connection with the frame through it, the upper portion inboard of lower half shell (43) is provided with the recess, install in lower half shell (43) recess filter screen (44), cover filter screen (45) above filter screen (44), first half shell (47) are pressed on filter screen (45), anti-overflow ball (46) are placed in the cavity between last half shell (47) and filter screen (45), first half shell water inlet (471) have been seted up to the top of last half shell (47), be covered with dust cap (48) above last half shell (47).
2. The in-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration according to claim 1, wherein the speed-regulating liquid pump (3) is driven by a deep sea brushless direct current motor, and PWM control speed regulation is realized by matching with a diaphragm type vacuum liquid pump.
3. Device for in situ measurement of the concentration of suspended matter according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess of the lower half-shell (43) is provided with a magnetic block (433) for magnetically attaching and clamping the stationary filter membrane (45).
4. An in-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration according to claim 3, characterized in that the dust cap (48) has a magnet (472) on its inner wall for covering the upper half-shell (47) by magnetic attraction, and a slit (473) is formed between the dust cap (48) and the upper half-shell (47).
5. An in situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that said spill-proof ball (46) has a density lower than that of water and a diameter larger than that of the inlet (471) of the upper shell half.
6. The in-situ measurement device for suspended matter concentration according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the in-situ measurement device is sequentially connected with the acoustic releaser (10) and the counterweight (8) through a steel cable (9), and the top end of the in-situ measurement device is sequentially connected with the second in-situ measurement device and the floating body material (7) through the steel cable (9).
7. The method of operating an apparatus for the in situ measurement of suspended matter concentration as claimed in claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
use and deployment of the S1 device: before the device is used, a filter 4 and a rigid connecting pipe 6 are cleaned by distilled water, a new filter membrane 45 which is dried in advance and weighed is replaced and the serial number is recorded, the air in a pipeline and a pump body of the device is fully saturated and exhausted by the distilled water, a magnetic suction upper half shell 47 is installed, the distilled water is slowly injected from a water inlet 471 of the upper half shell, an anti-overflow ball 46 floats upwards to block the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell of the filter and is provided with a magnetic suction dustproof cap 48, a PC upper computer is connected to control all electromagnetic valves 42 to be in an initial normally closed state, a suction filtration time sequence is set by inputting program parameters, and the anti-overflow ball is distributed at different depths according to observation and sampling requirements or is distributed at different depths in a dot matrix manner or is connected in series at anchor system positions in a chain manner;
and S2, the working process of the device: when the preset time of the program is reached, the control program firstly controls the corresponding grouped solenoid valves 42 to be opened, then the speed regulating liquid pump 3 is started to provide negative pressure suction filtration, the suction filtration rate is obtained in real time through the clip-type flowmeter 5, and the rotating speed of the liquid pump is fed back and regulated to control the suction filtration pressure; the water flow enters from a slit 473 between the dustproof cap 48 and the upper half shell 47 under the driving of pressure difference, passes through the upper half shell water inlet 471, the filter membrane 45, the filter screen 44, the lower half shell water outlet 432, the rigid connecting pipe 6 and the speed-regulating liquid pump water inlet 31 in sequence, and is finally discharged from the speed-regulating liquid pump water outlet 32; suspended matters in water enter a filter along with water flow and stay and are enriched on a filter membrane; after the pumping filtration is finished, closing the electromagnetic valve 42, stopping the speed regulating liquid pump 3, recording the serial number of the filter and the volume of the pumping filtration water sample, and finishing a group of pumping filtration; the anti-overflow ball 46 floats upwards under the action of buoyancy to block the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell of the filter, and the exchange of water and suspended matters is isolated again; when the program executes the next time sequence, the steps are repeatedly executed on the next grouped filter, and all in-situ suction filtration sampling is completed;
and (3) recovery post-treatment of the S3 device: after observation is finished, the device is recovered and connected with a PC upper computer, the magnetic dust-proof cap 48 of the filter is taken down, the electromagnetic valve 42 is manually controlled to be opened, and suction filtration is continued until no water residue exists in the corresponding filter; distilled water is slowly injected from the water inlet 471 of the upper half shell to clean the inner wall of the upper half shell of the filter, the injection speed is controlled not to overflow, and the cleaning operation is repeated until all suspended matters are washed and enriched on the filter membrane; pumping the residual liquid, taking off the upper half shell 47, and finishing the collection and storage of the filter membrane; completing the collection work of all the filter membranes one by one, flushing the device with fresh water for maintenance and properly storing;
s4 concentration calculation: drying the enriched filter membrane, weighing, recording, and determining the front weight m1Rear weight m2And calculating the suction filtration volume V to obtain the mass concentration C of the suspended matterm=（m2-m1）/V。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116688614A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-05 | 中国海洋大学 | Automatic in-situ layered suction filtration device for seabed floating mud layer and working method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116688614A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-05 | 中国海洋大学 | Automatic in-situ layered suction filtration device for seabed floating mud layer and working method |
| CN116688614B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2024-01-05 | 中国海洋大学 | Automatic in-situ layered suction filtration device for seabed floating mud layer and working method |
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