CN114622920B - Lateral split starting construction method for shield machine in narrow space - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a side-direction split starting construction method of a shield machine in a narrow space, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of starting shaft site selection, shaft transverse channel construction, translation preparation in a transverse channel, shield tunneling machine entering and hoisting, storage battery car set hoisting and translation, trolley and equipment bridge hoisting and translation, screw machine, assembling machine and reaction frame hoisting and translation, shield body hoisting and translation, and shield starting; wherein, the translation process of each device is carried out by adopting the matching form of a winch, a translation trolley and a steel rail. The starting construction mode provided by the invention is greatly different from the common starting mode, can effectively solve the problem of starting the shield of the special-shaped and non-normal line station, and is mainly reflected in that: (1) The position of the shield starting well can be flexibly set, the problem that the shield interval can not be started due to the unstable shield starting well scheme of a station is solved, and the engineering propulsion is accelerated; (1) the construction efficiency is improved; (2) reducing construction cost; (3) the device is suitable for narrow spaces; and (4) safe production is ensured.

Description

Lateral split starting construction method for shield machine in narrow space

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation construction, in particular to a side-direction split starting construction method of a shield machine in a narrow space.

Background

With the continuous development of cities, subways become one of the main travel modes of many cities in China. In urban subway tunnel construction in China, a shield method is a preferred method for urban rail transit construction due to the advantages of safe excavation, high construction speed, small influence on the environment, high automation degree and the like. The main technology of shield construction includes several aspects of starting, tunneling, arrival and the like, wherein the shield starting link is a key link of shield construction and is one of difficulties. The shield starting position is generally that a starting well is arranged in an established station structure or independently, the direction of a shield starting line is consistent with the direction of a design central line of a tunnel, a subway line is located in a red line of a road, and most stations are located below urban main roads. However, the construction of subways in areas with dense urban population, surrounding structures and busy social traffic is limited by early-stage removal and traffic modification factors, so that the traditional shield launching method cannot be adopted, and normal shield construction conditions are not met.

The construction method is characterized in that a lateral split starting construction method is adopted for starting construction of special-shaped and non-straight line type shields at present, but the existing method is carried out in a mode of combining pulley migration and large-scale electric turntable rotation steering in the translation process of a storage battery car, a trolley, the shields and the like, the mode is long in construction time and high in construction cost, and due to the adoption of large-scale machinery such as a large-scale electric turntable, the requirement on a site is high, and the method cannot be used in narrow spaces.

Accordingly, there is an urgent need to design a construction method for lateral split launching of a shield machine, which has high construction efficiency and low construction cost and is suitable for narrow space.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a shield machine lateral split starting construction method which is high in construction efficiency, low in construction cost and capable of narrowing the space.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:

a construction method for lateral split starting of a shield machine in a narrow space comprises the following steps:

s1, preparation:

(1) selecting an initial shaft site:

the site selection is not limited by position and space, but needs to meet the following requirements:

1) The size of the starting vertical shaft needs to meet the hoisting requirement, so that the shield machine cannot be hoisted;

2) The clearance of the transverse passage needs to meet the translation requirement of the shield tunneling machine, and the height of the shield body and the starting frame needs to be smaller than the clearance of the transverse passage;

3) Translation needs to be simulated in advance, so that translation is prevented from being blocked;

(2) constructing a vertical shaft and a transverse channel:

the construction of the vertical shaft and the transverse passage needs to pay attention to that the construction strength of the second lining needs to meet the requirement, the ground needs to be at the same elevation without obvious concave-convex positions, blasting construction is not used as much as possible, and shield translation construction is facilitated;

(3) translation preparation work in the transverse passage:

laying a translation steel plate on a transverse channel bottom plate, and laying steel rails in intervals; the translation steel plate is used for placing a track when the subsequent battery car group and the trolley translate, or smearing butter when the shield body translates; the steel rail is directly used for the subsequent interval translation between the battery car group and the trolley;

s2, entering and hoisting of the shield tunneling machine:

preparing a hoisting site, a shield hoisting machine and a shield tunneling machine for entering the site;

s3, hoisting and translating the battery car set:

(1) Hoisting and lowering the storage battery locomotive into the well;

(2) Two winches are arranged and respectively connected with the two translation trolleys; meanwhile, a storage battery car rail and a trolley rail which are perpendicular to the line direction of the interval are laid on the translation steel plates of the transverse channel, two translation trolleys are placed on the storage battery car rail, I-steel is connected between the two trolleys, a layer of steel plate is laid on each trolley, two tracks which are parallel to the line direction of the interval are placed on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is placed on each track;

(3) Pulling the translation trolley carrying the battery car into the transverse channel in parallel to a right line position by using a winch, and then driving the battery car into an interval small mileage direction to reach a specified position;

(4) Transporting a slurry car to a designated position in the same way, and connecting the slurry car to a battery car;

s4, hoisting and translating the trolley and the equipment bridge:

(1) Hoisting and descending the well by using the trolley;

(2) If the trolley is a detachable trolley, the trolley is moved to a specified position in a translation mode of the battery car; if the trolley is a non-detachable trolley, the trolley moves in an oblique translation mode; wherein, the oblique translation mode is: the transverse translation process is the same as that of the battery car, but after the battery car is translated to the line neutral position, the battery car is used for dragging the trolley to the small-mileage side in the interval;

(3) Hoisting the equipment bridge and lowering the equipment bridge into the well, and moving the equipment bridge to a specified position in a trolley translation mode after two segment trolleys are installed at the bottom of the equipment bridge;

s5, hoisting and translating the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame:

hoisting and lowering the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame into the well, and translating to a specified position according to the moving mode of the equipment bridge;

s6, hoisting and translating the shield body:

the launching frame is hoisted and lowered into the well and placed at the position of a well mouth; meanwhile, a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield are sequentially hoisted and connected; after the shield body is installed, welding the shield body and an originating frame, and arranging a counterforce steel plate to be pushed back to move the shield body horizontally to a specified position; when the shield body is translated to a specified position, starting to install a reaction frame, and debugging the shield machine;

and S7, starting the shield.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1 (3), the horizontally-moving steel plate of the horizontal channel is a 2cm thick steel plate, and the width is set to 6m; the arrangement mode of translation steel sheet is "T" style of calligraphy, namely, extends along the length direction of horizontal passageway earlier, and when waiting to extend to right line interval position, respectively extend to the right line interval direction of its both sides again.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, when the translational steel plate is laid, the steel plate is welded by a welding machine, the welding seam is flat and full, and the two sides of the steel plate are firmly welded with the steel plate by using the embedded bars.

As one preferable mode of the present invention, in step S1, the section steel rail adopts 43 rails, and each of the section steel rails includes a battery car rail and a trolley car rail; wherein the distance between the 43 tracks of the battery car track is 97cm, and the distance between the tracks of the trolley track is 218cm; meanwhile, the tail end of the track is provided with an anti-collision device, the anti-collision device is formed by welding 25 double-spliced I-shaped steel, the height of the anti-collision device is 1m, the anti-collision device is welded with the track, and the rear side of the anti-collision device is provided with an inclined strut.

As one of the preferable modes of the invention, before the steel rail is laid, I20I-steel is used as a split heads and a 2cm steel plate is used for building a working platform, and the distance between I-steel brackets is 1m; then, laying 14 channel steel on the concrete surface and the working platform every 1m and fixing; and finally, directly laying the steel rail on 14 channel steel to finish the construction of the steel rail.

As one preferable mode of the present invention, in the step S3, the battery locomotive is hoisted and lowered into the well: the crane selects a 260T crawler crane, the storage battery car is hoisted to the set flat trolley, then the storage battery car is fixed with the flat trolley below by using a 1T hoist and a phi 32 steel wire rope, and then the storage battery car is hoisted and lowered into the well;

regarding battery locomotive translation: the winch is fixed by adopting a bar planting welding method, 8 steel bars with the diameter of phi 25 are used for planting bars, and the winch is fixed to avoid moving; meanwhile, the two translation trolleys connected with the winch are 60t in load and 0.7m high, the two trolleys are firmly connected by I-shaped steel I20a, a steel plate with the thickness of 2cm is laid on each trolley, two tracks are arranged on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is arranged on each track; after the battery car is pulled to the right line and drives in an interval for a small distance, the battery car is fixed by using an anti-sliding device such as an iron boot.

As one preferable aspect of the present invention, in the step S4, the step of hoisting the downhole by the trolley: after the trolley arrives at the field, hoisting the equipment into the shield shaft translation trolley by using a crane lower hook;

regarding trolley translation: the trolley is divided into a detachable type and a non-detachable type; the non-detachable trolley moves in an oblique translation mode; the length of the detachable trolley is shortened to be less than 9.7m after the detachable trolley is detached, and the transverse translation is directly carried out by utilizing a translation battery car mode.

As one preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the oblique translation method specifically includes the steps of:

(1) preparing a translation trolley, and sequentially mounting the trolley and a battery car from bottom to top;

(2) pulling the translation trolleys to advance by using a winch, pulling the steel plate to steer by using a chain block in the direction of small mileage between intervals after the end heads of the trolleys pass through a transverse channel, reducing the distance between the two translation trolleys by using the chain block when the small-mileage side trolley advances by about 25cm, and adjusting the steel plate to drive the racks to steer by using the two winches and the 20t chain block in the intervals until the steel plate is turned to coincide with a right spool line; the trolley track is connected with the interval track, and an I20I-shaped steel bracket is adopted to support the joint;

(3) after the trolley is transferred to an interval line, the trolley is dragged to a small mileage side by the aid of the battery car.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S5, the screw has a length of 12.8m, a diameter of 1.1m, and a weight of about 22t; during translation, two segment trolleys are arranged at the bottom of the screw conveyor, are transported to an interval port by using the translation trolleys and are transported into the bridge belly of the equipment by using the segment trolleys; after the shield body is pushed to finish pushing, the segment trolley is used for inserting the screw machine into the assembling machine, and the portal frames are arranged on two sides of the equipment bridge and used for assembling the screw machine.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S6, the shield body is mounted and translated by the following steps:

(1) originating rack mounting

Before the starting frame is installed, steel rails and other impurities reinforced on the cushion steel plate are cut off, and the steel plate is cleaned, polished and then smeared with grease; two steel plates are also arranged below the starting frame, and the translation friction is reduced by means of grease between the steel plates;

(2) split hoisting well descending of shield machine

Due to the site limitation, the shield body needs to be assembled underground and then pushed to the front of the starting tunnel door;

wherein the shield body of the shield machine is arranged in the sequence of front shield-cutterhead-middle shield-shield tail; after the well is lowered, the shield body is placed on the base, and then the shield machine is assembled; after the front shield and the cutter head are assembled, the whole body is translated to the large-mileage side by 5m to make room for middle shield hoisting and tail shield hoisting, and then the middle shield and the tail shield are sequentially installed;

(3) lateral translation of shield tunneling machine

After the shield body is installed, welding the shield body and the starting frame, and translating the starting frame and the shield machine together by utilizing the thrust of the jack; during translation, two 200t hydraulic jacks are positioned on the same side of the starting frame, pushing is carried out in the same direction, the pushing speed is set to be 10cm/min, and two stop blocks are welded on two sides of each hydraulic jack in the pushing process and used for fixing the hydraulic jacks to prevent the oil cylinders from laterally slipping;

after the shield body is translated, the anti-twisting device is manufactured in a mode of welding I-shaped steel and planting bars, and a gap between the starting frame and the tunnel portal is filled with a steel plate to prevent the starting frame from moving.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the starting construction mode provided by the invention is greatly different from the common starting mode, can effectively solve the problem of starting the shield of the special-shaped and non-normal line station, and is mainly reflected in that:

(1) Accelerating engineering propulsion

The position of the shield starting well can be flexibly set, the problem that the shield interval can not be started (or tunneled) due to the unstable scheme of the shield starting well (or a local shield interval) of a station is solved, and the engineering propulsion is accelerated;

(2) Improve the construction efficiency

(1) The construction method only needs to lay a translation area in a corresponding field, and large-scale transformation is not needed;

(2) different translation modes can be adopted for different parts, so that the using time is reduced, and when the shield is translated, the pipeline in the platform workshop can be connected inside the shield, so that the starting time is shortened;

(3) after the start, the trolley is recovered by only dismounting the negative ring, and other time does not need to be delayed.

(3) Reduces the construction cost

(1) Large-scale machinery is not needed, and the adopted machinery mainly comprises a winch and a hydraulic jack;

(2) the materials in the laying translation area can be basically reused and can be recycled;

(4) Is suitable for narrow space

The construction method does not need to adopt large machinery such as an electric turntable to steer in the translation process, so that the construction method is less in site limitation and suitable for narrow space.

(5) Ensure the safe production

(1) Different translation modes are adopted for the trolley and the shield body, so that potential safety hazards are reduced;

(2) in the construction process, large machinery is not used, so that the risk is effectively reduced;

(3) in the translation operation process, remote control is used, personnel can be far away from a risk source, and the accident occurrence probability is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a lateral split starting construction method of a shield machine in a narrow space in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the construction of the shield shaft lateral passage in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rail pavement between the sections in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the rail laying in the space between the sections of example 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the battery car group in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the battery car group in translation according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a battery car group in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the short carriage in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the translation of the long bogie in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram of the translation and steering of the long trolley in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 11 is a translation view of the device bridge in example 1;

FIG. 12 is a front view of the shield body in embodiment 1;

FIG. 13 is a top view of the shield body in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the arrangement of a reaction frame in embodiment 1;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken at 1-1 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken at 2-2 of FIG. 14;

fig. 17 is a sectional view taken from 3-3 in fig. 14.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the construction method for starting the shield machine in a lateral split manner in a narrow space according to the embodiment includes the following steps:

1. preparation work:

(1) Conducting a site survey

According to the arrangement of crane station positions and field entrance and exit lines of transport vehicles in the hoisting scheme, the maximum vehicle length is 17m in the transportation process of the parts and components in the field entrance process of the shield tunneling machine, the field needs to be arranged in the transportation process of the shield tunneling machine, and the shield tunneling machine can conveniently enter the field.

(2) Measuring line

The measurement group will require that the laying track elevation, originating rack location and originating rack height be marked at the respective locations.

(3) Ground leveling

According to the measuring result, the field is leveled, sand filling leveling is carried out at the hollow position, and chiseling and polishing are carried out at the position higher than the designed position.

(4) The horizontal channel bottom plate is paved with a horizontal moving steel plate

After the field is leveled, laying a translation steel plate on the bottom plate of the transverse channel according to the lofting position; the translation steel sheet is 2cm thick steel sheet, and the width sets up 6m, and the steel sheet mode of placing is as shown in figure 2, promptly, extends along the length direction of horizontal passageway earlier, and the right side line interval direction of its both sides is extended respectively to the time of waiting to extend to right side line interval position.

The steel plate is welded by a welding machine, the welding seam is smooth and full, and the two sides of the steel plate are firmly welded with the steel plate by using the embedded bars. In the first stage, rails are arranged on a steel plate and used for translation of a battery car group and a trolley; and in the second stage, the steel plate is smeared with butter to reduce friction force and is used for translation of the shield body.

(5) Interval laying steel rail

Firstly, I20I-steel is used as a split heads and a 2cm steel plate is used for building a working platform, and the distance between I-steel supports is 1m; then, laying 14 channel steel on the concrete surface and the working platform every 1m and fixing; finally, the steel rails are laid on the channel steel as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

The steel rail adopts 43 rails and respectively comprises a battery car rail and a trolley rail. Wherein the track pitch (middle to middle) of the electromobile tracks is 97cm, and the track pitch (middle to middle) of the trolley tracks is 218cm; the track end need set up buffer stop, and buffer stop is formed by 25 double-pin I-steel welding, and height 1m welds with the track, and the rear side sets up the bracing.

2. Entering a shield tunneling machine:

preparing a hoisting site, a shield hoisting machine and a shield tunneling machine for entering the site;

3. hoisting and translating the battery car set:

(1) The battery car group is transported to a site, the maximum size of the battery car group is a battery car, the length of the battery car group is 7.8m, the width of the battery car group is 1.5m, and the battery car group can normally translate in the translation process without lateral translation.

(2) The crane selects a 260T crawler crane, the storage battery car is hoisted to the arranged flat car, then the storage battery car is fixed with the flat car below by using a 1T hoist and a phi 32 steel wire rope, and then the storage battery car is hoisted and lowered into the well (the trolley is fixed in the same way).

(3) Two winches are arranged and respectively connected with the two translation trolleys to provide power for translation (the winches are fixed by adopting a bar planting welding method, the bar planting adopts phi 25 steel bars, 8 paths are arranged to fix the winches and prevent the winches from moving); meanwhile, a storage battery car rail and a trolley rail which are perpendicular to the line direction of the interval are laid on the translation steel plates of the transverse channel, two translation trolleys (with the load of 60t and the height of 0.7 m) are placed on the storage battery car rail, the two trolleys are firmly connected by I-shaped steel I20a, a layer of steel plate with the thickness of 2cm is laid on each trolley, two rails which are parallel to the line direction of the interval are placed on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is placed on the rails, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.

(4) Because the storage battery car is small, the hoist engine can be directly used for being pulled into the transverse channel in parallel, the weight of the storage battery car is 42t (containing a storage battery), the friction coefficient is set to be 0.1, the two 5t hoist engines can completely meet the requirement, the operation of the two hoist engines in the translation process must be basically consistent, the inclination is prevented from being serious, the translation safety is influenced, in the working process of the hoist engines, a specially-assigned person conducts command in a unified mode, and in the propelling process of the hoist engines, the propelling speed is strictly controlled, so that the hoist engines are kept on the same plane. If the traveling speeds of the two sides are inconsistent in the translation process, the adjustment should be performed in time.

(5) Pulling the translation trolley carrying the battery car into the transverse channel in parallel to a right line position by using a winch, and then driving the battery car into an interval small mileage direction to reach a specified position; after the electric vehicle is driven in, the electric vehicle is fixed by using an anti-sliding device such as an iron boot (the same fixing mode is adopted by the trolley afterwards).

(6) A slurry car is transported to a designated position in the same way and is connected to the rear of the battery car.

(7) After the electric vehicles are conveyed to the electric vehicle track and then connected into the electric vehicle, the electric vehicles are grouped into the electric vehicle-slurry vehicle-flat car (namely the translation trolley) as shown in fig. 7.

4. Lifting and translating the trolley and the equipment bridge:

(1) After the trolley arrives at the field, the equipment is hoisted into the shield shaft translation trolley by using the crane to slowly lower the hook according to the sequence of 4#, 3#, 2#, and 1# trolleys, and corresponding translation is carried out.

The translation is divided into two conditions, one trolley can be detached, the length of the trolley is shortened to 8.2-9.4m, and the trolley can be transversely translated by directly utilizing a translation battery car mode; the other trolley is not detachable, the length is 10.1-12.5m, oblique translation is needed, and the condition of the trolley is shown in table 1;

TABLE 1 Trolley situation diagram

The length is less than the platform truck (4 #, 3#, 1# platform truck) of 9.7m after the dismantlement, and the translation process is the same with storage battery car translation mode (as shown in figure 8), and translation speed control is about 50cm/min, and after horizontal translation to circuit midline position, utilize the storage battery car to pull the platform truck to the interval in, after the platform truck moved the assigned position, set up swift current car device such as iron shoe, steel sheet.

The trolley (2 # trolley) with the length of more than 9.7m and the subsequent equipment bridge are translated by adopting an oblique translation method, and the method comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a translation trolley, and sequentially mounting the trolley and a battery car from bottom to top; the situation during translation is as follows: the transverse channel bottom plate is paved with translation steel plates, 4 tracks vertical to the interval line direction are paved on the steel plates, 2 translation trolleys (0.7 m high) of 60t are placed on the steel rails, the two trolleys are firmly connected by I-shaped steel I20a, steel plates of 2cm thickness are paved on the trolleys, 2 tracks parallel to the interval line direction are placed on the steel plates, and the battery cars are placed on the tracks. The translation trolley is staggered by 6m, and grease is coated between the trolley and the steel plate to reduce friction.

(2) As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the translation trolleys are pulled by the winches to advance, after the ends of the trolleys pass through the transverse channel, the chain block is used for dragging the steel plate to steer in the small-mileage direction, and every time the small-mileage side trolley advances by about 25cm, the large-mileage side trolley follows by 50cm, the distance between the two translation trolleys is reduced, and the two winches and the 20t chain block in the interval are used for adjusting the steel plate to drive the racks to steer until the steel plate is turned to be overlapped with the right spool line; the trolley track is connected with the interval track, and an I20I-shaped steel support is adopted to support the joint.

(3) After the trolley is transferred to an interval line, the trolley is dragged to a small mileage side by the aid of the battery car.

(2) And hoisting the equipment bridge and descending the well, and after two segment trolleys are arranged at the bottom of the equipment bridge (because wheels are not arranged at the lower part of the equipment bridge), moving the equipment bridge to a specified position in a trolley translation mode (as shown in figure 11).

5. Translation of screw machine, erector, reaction frame:

the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame are hoisted and lowered into the well, and are translated to the appointed position according to the moving mode of the equipment bridge.

Wherein the length of the screw machine is 12.8m, the diameter is 1.1m, and the weight is about 22t; during translation, two segment trolleys are arranged at the bottom of the spiral machine, are conveyed to an interval port by the aid of the translation trolleys and are conveyed into the bridge interior of the equipment by the aid of the segment trolleys; after the shield body is pushed to finish pushing, the segment trolley is used for inserting the screw machine into the assembling machine, and the portal frames are arranged on two sides of the equipment bridge and used for assembling the screw machine.

6. Shield body installation and translation:

(1) Hoisting and lowering the starting frame into the well, and placing the starting frame at a wellhead position;

(2) Originating rack mounting

Before the starting frame is installed, steel rails and other impurities reinforced on the cushion steel plate are cut off, and the steel plate is cleaned, polished and then smeared with grease; two steel plates are also arranged under the starting frame, and the translation friction is reduced by means of grease between the steel plates.

(3) Split hoisting well descending of shield machine

Due to the limitation of a field, the shield body needs to be assembled underground and pushed to the front of an originating tunnel door. The shield machine shield body is arranged in the well descending order of front shield, cutter head, middle shield and shield tail; and in the hoisting process, after the shield body is stable and does not shake, the shield body is stably and slowly placed into the vertical shaft, after the shield body is stable, the shield body is slowly placed at an accurate position on the base, and then the shield machine is assembled. After the front shield and the cutter head are assembled, the whole body is translated to the large-mileage side by 5m to make room for middle shield hoisting and tail shield hoisting, and then the middle shield and the tail shield are sequentially installed.

(4) Lateral translation of shield tunneling machine

(1) As shown in fig. 12 and 13, after the shield tunneling machine is fixed to the starting frame, the starting frame is translated together with the shield tunneling machine by the thrust of the jack. During translation, 2 200t hydraulic jacks are located on the same side of an originating frame, pushing is conducted in the same direction, the pushing speed is not too fast and is set to be 10cm/min, in the jacking process, 2 stoppers are welded on two sides of each hydraulic jack and used for fixing the hydraulic jacks, and the oil cylinders are prevented from slipping laterally (the weight of a shield body is about 400t, 5t of other equipment is 405t in total, the friction coefficient is set to be 0.2, the power is two 200t hydraulic jacks, and F = (400) = (0.2) =80t suo 400t, so that requirements are met).

(2) In the pushing process of the hydraulic jack, the pushing speed is strictly controlled, the deviation is timely corrected, the deviation of the starting frame is prevented, the hydraulic jack operating personnel and the monitoring and measuring personnel are closely matched, and the pushing cannot exceed 1000mm each time.

(3) The personnel should withdraw to safe region in every propulsion process, once the initial frame takes place the skew, should stop continuing to pressurize immediately to arrange personnel by field responsible person and technical responsible person and check the welding seam of initial frame base and appearance such as base steel sheet, double splicer 25I-steel top iron welding seam, check whether have the welding seam condition such as fracture, component deformation, and record the inspection record, the back of checking error-free can continue to push and translate. Meanwhile, an emergency stop switch is arranged on the hydraulic propelling equipment and is responsible for a special person, so that the emergency stop can be prevented from being made in time when an emergency occurs.

After the shield body is translated, the anti-twisting head device is manufactured in a mode of welding I-shaped steel and planting bars, and a gap between the starting frame and the tunnel door is filled with a steel plate to prevent the starting frame from moving.

(5) Reaction frame arrangement

The reaction frame consists of two cross beams, two vertical beams and two inclined struts, wherein the cross beams are 600mm × 400mm, the vertical beams are 600mm × 450mm, and the lengths of the cross beams are 5.26m and 7.3m respectively; the diagonal bracing consists of two 630-diameter steel pipes, and the lengths of the two pipes are 5.8m and 2.8m; the top and the bottom of the cross beam are provided with 6 inclined struts made of H40 steel, the distance is 1m, the angle is 45 degrees, the top inclined struts need to be welded after the reaction frame is installed, and welding and stress points are guaranteed to be intact. Can directly put to assigned position department at shield body translation money use translation dolly, shield structure equipment is accomplished the back, pushes away the shield constructs the machine to portal direction top, reserves the concatenation that the position is used for reaction frame, and chain block is hung to the top, hangs reaction frame and welds, hangs the welding order: bottom beam-vertical beam-top beam-diagonal brace; the reaction frame is installed after the tail shield is installed and before the tail shield is connected with the connecting bridge. The reaction frame should be placed perpendicular to the starting frame, and the vertical direction of the upright post forms a 7% slope angle, and each welding part should be welded firmly.

The vertical beam is welded on a steel plate pre-embedded in the bottom plate in advance, the specification of the steel plate is 2cm, 1m × 1m, and other parts are welded according to a drawing.

The shield starting reaction frame is of an assembled all-steel frame structure so as to ensure sufficient rigidity. The reaction frame is schematically shown in fig. 14-17.

When the reaction frame is installed, the central line of the initial mileage section of the reaction frame position is firstly measured and marked on the side wall of the initial well so as to position the center of the reaction frame, and the center of the reaction frame is simultaneously raised by 20mm along with the raising of the launcher. The key of positioning is that the reaction frame is close to the positioning plane of the negative ring segment and is vertical to the tunnel axis.

And the lower ends of the cross beam and the upright post at the bottom of the reaction frame are supported on the bottom step by adopting a steel supporting block, and after the position is determined, two rows of inclined struts at the rear part are welded and fixed. The inclined strut is supported by a phi 630 steel pipe, the reaction frame is supported on a ring beam structure in the starting well, the upper inclined strut is manufactured at the same time, H40 steel is welded with the reaction frame, and the other half of the upper inclined strut is supported on the second liner and connected with the second liner steel frame to ensure the fixation of the upper inclined strut.

Before the shield main machine is connected with a rear support (an equipment bridge and a trolley), the reaction frame is installed. When the device is installed, the gap between the connecting part of the reaction frame and the station structure needs to be filled up to ensure that the foot plate of the reaction frame has enough compressive strength.

Because the reaction frame and the starting frame provide initial thrust and initial space attitude for shield starting, when the reaction frame and the starting frame are installed, the left-right deviation of the reaction frame is controlled within +/-10 mm, the elevation deviation is controlled within +/-5 mm, and the up-down deviation is controlled within +/-10 mm. The included angle between the vertical direction of the horizontal axis of the starting frame and the reaction frame is less than +/-2 thousandths, the deviation from the vertical trend of the designed axis is less than 2 thousandths, and the deviation from the horizontal trend is less than +/-3 thousandths.

7. And (5) shield launching.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A side-direction split starting construction method for a shield machine in a narrow space is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparation:

(1) selecting an address of an initial vertical shaft;

(2) constructing a vertical shaft and a transverse channel;

(3) translation preparation work in the transverse passage:

laying a translation steel plate on a transverse channel bottom plate, and laying steel rails in intervals; the translation steel plate is used for placing a track when the subsequent battery car group and the trolley translate, or smearing butter when the shield body translates; the steel rail is directly used for the subsequent interval translation between the battery car group and the trolley;

s2, shield tunneling machine approach and hoisting:

preparing a hoisting site, a shield hoisting machine and a shield tunneling machine for entering the site;

s3, hoisting and translating the battery car set:

(1) Hoisting and lowering the storage battery locomotive into the well;

(2) Two winches are arranged and respectively connected with the two translation trolleys; meanwhile, a storage battery car rail and a trolley rail which are vertical to the interval line direction are laid on the translation steel plates of the transverse channel, two translation trolleys are placed on the storage battery car rail, the two trolleys are connected through I-shaped steel, a layer of steel plate is laid on each trolley, two rails which are parallel to the interval line direction are placed on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is placed on the rails;

(3) Pulling the translation trolley carrying the battery car into the transverse channel in parallel to a right line position by using a winch, and then driving the battery car into an interval in a small mileage direction to reach an appointed position;

(4) Transporting a slurry car to a designated position in the same way, and connecting the slurry car to a battery car;

s4, hoisting and translating the trolley and the equipment bridge:

(1) Hoisting and descending the well by using the trolley;

(2) If the trolley is a detachable trolley, the trolley is moved to a specified position in a translation mode of the battery car; if the trolley is a non-detachable trolley, the trolley moves in an oblique translation mode; wherein, the oblique translation mode is: the transverse translation process is the same as that of the battery car, but after the battery car is translated to the line neutral position, the battery car is used for dragging the trolley to the small-mileage side in the interval;

(3) Hoisting the equipment bridge and lowering the equipment bridge into the well, and moving the equipment bridge to a specified position in a trolley translation mode after two segment trolleys are installed at the bottom of the equipment bridge;

s5, hoisting and translating the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame:

hoisting and lowering the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame into the well, and translating to a specified position according to the moving mode of the equipment bridge;

s6, hoisting and translating the shield body:

hoisting and lowering the starting frame into the well, and placing the starting frame at a wellhead position; meanwhile, a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield are sequentially hoisted and connected; after the shield body is installed, welding the shield body and an originating frame, and arranging a counterforce steel plate for pushing so as to translate the shield body to a specified position; when the shield body is translated to a specified position, starting to install a reaction frame, and debugging the shield machine;

and S7, starting the shield.

2. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the lateral split mode in the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1 (3), the translation steel plate of the transverse channel is a steel plate 2cm thick and 6m wide; the arrangement mode of translation steel sheet is "T" style of calligraphy, namely, extends along the length direction of horizontal passageway earlier, and when waiting to extend to right line interval position, respectively extend to the right line interval direction of its both sides again.

3. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the laterally split mode in the narrow space according to claim 2 is characterized in that when the translation steel plate is laid, the steel plate is welded by a welding machine, the welding line is smooth and full, and the two sides of the steel plate are firmly welded with the steel plate through planting bars.

4. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the laterally split manner in the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, 43 rails are adopted as the regional steel rails, and each rail comprises a storage battery car rail and a trolley rail; wherein the distance between the 43 tracks of the battery car track is 97cm, and the distance between the tracks of the trolley track is 218cm; meanwhile, the tail end of the track is provided with an anti-collision device, the anti-collision device is formed by welding 25 double-spliced I-shaped steel, the height of the anti-collision device is 1m, the anti-collision device is welded with the track, and the rear side of the anti-collision device is provided with an inclined strut.

5. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the lateral split mode in the narrow space according to claim 4, wherein before the steel rails are laid, I20I-shaped steel is used as a split stool and a 2cm steel plate are used for building a working platform, and the distance between I-shaped steel supports is 1m; then, laying 14 channel steel on the concrete surface and the working platform every 1m and fixing; and finally, directly laying the steel rail on 14 channel steel to finish the construction of the steel rail.

6. The narrow space shield tunneling machine lateral split starting construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the storage battery locomotive is hoisted and lowered into the well: the crane selects a 260T crawler crane, the storage battery car is hoisted to the set flat trolley, then the storage battery car is fixed with the flat trolley below by using a 1T hoist and a phi 32 steel wire rope, and then the storage battery car is hoisted and lowered into the well;

regarding battery locomotive translation: the winch is fixed by adopting a bar planting welding method, the bar planting uses phi 25 steel bars, 8 channels are arranged, the winch is fixed, and the movement of the winch is avoided; meanwhile, the two translation trolleys connected with the winch are 60t in load and 0.7m high, the two trolleys are firmly connected by I-shaped steel I20a, a steel plate with the thickness of 2cm is laid on each trolley, two tracks are arranged on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is arranged on each track; when the battery car is pulled to the right line and drives in an interval for a small distance, the battery car is fixed by using the iron boots.

7. The narrow space shield tunneling machine lateral split starting construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, with respect to trolley hoisting and well descending: after the trolley arrives at the field, hoisting the equipment into the shield well translation trolley by using a crane lower hook;

regarding trolley translation: the trolley is divided into a detachable type and a non-detachable type; the non-detachable trolley moves in an oblique translation mode; the length of the detachable trolley is shortened to be less than 9.7m after the detachable trolley is detached, and the transverse translation is directly carried out by utilizing a translation battery car mode.

8. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the lateral split mode in the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the length of the spiral machine is 12.8m, the diameter of the spiral machine is 1.1m, and the weight of the spiral machine is about 22t; during translation, two segment trolleys are arranged at the bottom of the screw conveyor, are transported to an interval port by using the translation trolleys and are transported into the bridge belly of the equipment by using the segment trolleys; after the shield body is pushed to complete pushing, the segment trolley is used for inserting the screw machine into the assembling machine, and the portal frames are arranged on two sides of the equipment bridge and used for assembling the screw machine.

9. The narrow space shield tunneling machine lateral split starting construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the specific steps of shield installation and translation are as follows:

(1) originating rack mounting

Before the starting frame is installed, steel rails and other impurities reinforced on the cushion steel plate are cut off, and the steel plate is cleaned, polished and then smeared with grease; two steel plates are also arranged below the starting frame, and the translation friction is reduced by means of grease between the steel plates;

(2) split hoisting well descending of shield machine

Due to the limitation of a site, the shield body needs to be assembled underground and pushed to the front of an originating tunnel door;

wherein the shield body of the shield machine is arranged in the sequence of front shield-cutterhead-middle shield-shield tail; after the well is lowered, the shield body is placed on the base, and then the shield machine is assembled; after the front shield and the cutter head are assembled, the whole body is translated to the large-mileage side by 5m to make room for middle shield hoisting and tail shield hoisting, and then the middle shield and the tail shield are sequentially installed;

(3) lateral translation of shield tunneling machine

After the shield body is installed, welding the shield body and the starting frame, and translating the starting frame and the shield machine together by utilizing the thrust of the jack; during translation, two 200t hydraulic jacks are positioned on the same side of the starting frame, pushing is carried out in the same direction, the pushing speed is set to be 10cm/min, and two stoppers are welded on two sides of each hydraulic jack in the pushing process and used for fixing the hydraulic jacks and preventing the oil cylinders from laterally slipping;

after the shield body is translated, the anti-twisting head device is manufactured in a mode of welding I-shaped steel and planting bars, and a gap between the starting frame and the tunnel door is filled with a steel plate to prevent the starting frame from moving.

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