CN114622920B - Lateral split starting construction method for shield machine in narrow space - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a construction method for lateral splitting of a shield machine in a narrow space, which includes the following steps: site selection of a starting shaft, construction of a vertical shaft cross passage, preparation for translation in the cross passage, entry and hoisting of the shield machine, and battery car Group hoisting and translation, trolley, equipment bridge hoisting and translation, screw machine, assembly machine, reaction force frame hoisting and translation, shield body hoisting and translation, shield starting; among them, the translation process of each equipment adopts hoisting machines and translation trolleys , The matching form of the rail is carried out. The originating construction method proposed by the present invention is quite different from the ordinary originating method, and can effectively solve the problem of shield tunneling at stations with special shapes and non-main lines. It is mainly reflected in: (1) The location of the shield tunnel can be flexibly set, Avoid the problem of inability to start the shield section caused by the unstable scheme of the shield tunnel launch shaft at the station, and speed up the progress of the project; (1) Improve construction efficiency; (2) Reduce construction costs; (3) Applicable to narrow spaces; ( 4) Safe production is guaranteed.

Description

A construction method for sideways separation of shield machine in narrow space

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation construction, in particular to a construction method for lateral splitting of a shield machine in a narrow space.

Background technique

With the continuous development of the city, the subway has become one of the main modes of travel in many cities in China. At present, in the construction of urban subway tunnels in my country, the shield tunneling method is increasingly becoming the preferred method for urban rail transit construction due to its advantages of safe excavation, fast construction speed, low impact on the environment, and high degree of automation. The main techniques of shield tunneling construction include several aspects such as starting, excavation, and reaching. Among them, the starting link of shield tunneling is a key link in shield tunneling construction, and it is also one of the difficulties. The starting position of shield tunneling is generally in the already built station structure or setting up the launching shaft separately. The starting line of shield tunneling is consistent with the direction of the center line of tunnel design. The subway line is located within the red line of the road, and most stations are located in the urban backbone. down the road. However, the construction of subways in areas with dense urban population, surrounding buildings and heavy social traffic is subject to the factors of demolition and traffic guidance in the early stage, and the traditional shield starting method cannot be used, and the normal construction conditions of shield tunneling cannot be used.

For some special-shaped and non-normal shield tunneling constructions, the lateral splitting construction method is currently used, but the existing methods mostly use "pulley movement" and The combination of "large-scale electric turntable rotation and steering" is carried out. This method not only takes a long time for construction and high construction cost, but also requires a large site due to the use of large machinery such as a large electric turntable, which cannot be used in small spaces.

Accordingly, there is an urgent need to design a laterally split starting construction method of the shield machine that has high construction efficiency, low construction cost, and is suitable for narrow spaces.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shield machine laterally split-starting construction method with high construction efficiency, low construction cost, and small space.

The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above-mentioned technical problems:

A lateral split starting construction method of a shield machine in a narrow space, comprising the following steps:

S1. Preparation work:

①Site selection for the originating shaft:

Site selection is not restricted by location and space, but the following requirements must be met:

1) The size of the starting shaft must meet the hoisting requirements to prevent the shield machine from being unable to be hoisted;

2) The clearance of the cross passage must meet the translation requirements of the shield machine, and the height of the shield body + starting frame must be less than the clearance of the cross passage;

3) The translation needs to be simulated in advance to prevent the translation from being blocked;

②Construction of shafts and cross passages:

In the construction of vertical shafts and cross passages, it is necessary to pay attention to the construction strength of the second lining to meet the requirements, and the ground must be at the same elevation without obvious unevenness. Try not to use blasting construction, so as to facilitate the translational construction of the shield afterwards;

③Preparation for translation in the horizontal channel:

Lay translational steel plates on the bottom plate of the cross channel, and lay steel rails in the interval; among them, the translational steel plates are used to place the track when the subsequent battery car group and the trolley are translated, or to spread butter when the shield body is translated; the steel rails are directly used for the subsequent battery car group and the platform. Interval translation of the car;

S2. Shield machine approach and hoisting:

Prepare the hoisting site, and the shield hoisting machinery and shield machine enter the site;

S3. Hoisting and translation of the battery pack:

(1) The battery locomotive is hoisted into the well;

(2) Set up two winches, which are respectively connected with two translation trolleys; at the same time, lay battery rails and trolley rails in the direction of the vertical section line on the translation steel plate of the transverse channel, and place two translation trolleys on the battery rails, two Two trolleys are connected by I-beams, and a layer of steel plate is laid on the trolley, and two tracks parallel to the direction of the section line are placed on the steel plate, and the battery car is placed on the track;

(3) Use the hoist to pull the translation trolley carrying the battery car parallel into the cross passage to the position on the right line, and then drive the battery car into the direction of the small mileage in the section to reach the designated position;

(4) Transport a paddle car to the designated location in the same way, and connect it to the battery car;

S4, trolley, equipment bridge hoisting and translation:

(1) The trolley is hoisted into the well;

(2) If the trolley is a detachable trolley, use the translation method of the battery car to move it to the designated position; if the trolley is a non-detachable trolley, use the oblique translation method to move; where the oblique translation method is: The horizontal translation process is the same as that of the battery car, but after it is moved to the center line of the line, the battery car is used to drag the trolley to the small mileage side of the section;

(3) The equipment bridge is hoisted into the well, and after installing two segment trolleys at the bottom, move it to the designated position by means of trolley translation;

S5. Hoisting and translation of screw machine, assembly machine, reaction frame:

The screw machine, assembly machine, and reaction frame are hoisted into the well, and moved to the designated position according to the movement mode of the equipment bridge;

S6. Shield hoisting and translation:

The starting frame is hoisted down the well and placed at the wellhead; at the same time, the front shield, middle shield, and tail shield are hoisted and connected in sequence; after the shield body is installed, the shield body and the starting frame are welded, and the reaction force steel plate is prepared to push back , to move the shield body to the specified position; when the shield body moves to the specified position, start to install the reaction frame and debug the shield machine;

S7. The shield tunneling starts.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S1③, the translational steel plate of the transverse channel is a 2cm thick steel plate with a width of 6m; Extend in the length direction, and then extend to the right-line interval directions on both sides when extending to the right-line interval position.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, when laying the translational steel plate, the steel plate is welded with a welding machine, the weld seam is smooth and full, and both sides of the steel plate are firmly welded with the steel plate by planting bars.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S1, the steel rails in the section adopt 43 rails, and respectively include battery rails and trolley rails; wherein, the distance between the 43 rails of the battery rails is 97 cm, and the rail distance of the trolley rails is 218 cm; At the same time, an anti-collision device is installed at the end of the track. The anti-collision device is welded by 25 double-piece I-beams, with a height of 1m, welded to the track, and a diagonal brace is installed on the rear side.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, before laying described rail, earlier utilize I20 I-beam as horse stool and 2cm steel plate to set up work platform, I-beam support spacing 1m; Then, on concrete surface and work platform every 1m Lay a 14-channel steel and fix it; finally, lay the rail directly on the 14-channel steel to complete the construction of the rail.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S3, regarding the hoisting of the battery locomotive into the well: the crane uses a 260T crawler crane to hoist the battery car to the set flat trolley, and then uses a 1t hoist and a ф32 steel wire rope to connect the battery car to the bottom The flat trolley is fixed, and then hoisted down to the well;

Regarding the translation of the battery locomotive: the hoist is fixed by planting reinforcement welding, and the planting reinforcement uses ф25 steel bars, and 8 lines are set to fix the hoist to prevent the hoist from moving; at the same time, the two translation trolleys connected to the hoist have a load of 60t and a height of 0.7m , the two trolleys are firmly connected by I20a I-beams, 2cm thick steel plates are laid on the trolley, two rails are placed on the steel plates, and the battery car is placed on the track; The anti-rolling device fixes the battery car.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S4, regarding the hoisting of the trolley to go into the well: after the trolley arrives at the scene, use the lower hook of the crane to hoist the equipment into the shield well translation trolley;

About trolley translation: trolleys are divided into detachable and non-detachable two types; non-detachable trolleys are moved by oblique translation; detachable trolleys are disassembled and the length is shortened to less than 9.7m, and horizontal translation is directly performed by translational battery cars.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S4, the oblique translation mode specifically includes the following steps:

①Prepare the translation trolley, and the installation sequence of the trolley from bottom to top is the same as that of the battery trolley;

② Use the hoist to pull the translation trolley forward. After the end of the trolley passes through the cross passage, use the hand chain hoist to drag the steel plate to turn in the direction of the small mileage in the section, and the "small mileage side trolley" advances about 25cm, and the "long mileage side trolley" "Follow up 50cm, reduce the distance between the two translational small cars, use two hoists and 20t chain hoists in the section to adjust the steel plate and the platform to turn until it coincides with the axis of the right line; the track of the trolley is aligned with the track of the section Connect and use I20 I-beam brackets to support the connection;

③ After the trolley transfers to the section line, use the battery car to drag it to the side with a small mileage.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S5, the length of the screw machine is 12.8m, the diameter is 1.1m, and the weight is about 22t; when translating, install two segment trolleys at the bottom of the screw machine, and use the translation trolley to transport to the section Then use the segment trolley to transport it to the belly of the equipment bridge; after the shield push is completed, use the segment trolley to insert the screw machine into the assembly machine, and install door frames on both sides of the equipment bridge for assembling the screw machine.

As one of the preferred modes of the present invention, in the step S6, the specific steps of shield installation and translation are as follows:

①Start rack installation

Before the starting frame is installed, the reinforced rails and other debris on the cushion steel plate are cut off, the steel plate is cleaned and polished, and then butter is applied; two steel plates are also installed under the starting frame, and the translational friction is reduced by the butter between the steel plates;

②The shield machine is hoisted separately and goes down the well

Due to site constraints, the shield body needs to be assembled underground in the shield shaft, and then pushed to the starting tunnel;

Among them, the shield body of the shield machine goes down in the order of front shield-cutterhead-middle shield-shield tail; after going down the well, put the shield body on the base, and then assemble the shield machine; among them, the front shield and cutterhead After the assembly is completed, the whole is moved 5m to the high-mileage side to make room for the hoisting of the middle shield and the tail shield, and then install the middle shield and the tail of the shield in sequence;

③Lateral translation of the shield machine

After the shield body is installed, weld the shield body and the starting frame, and use the thrust of the jack to make the starting frame and the shield machine translate together; when moving, two 200t hydraulic jacks are located on the same side of the starting frame and push in the same direction , the jacking speed is set to 10cm/min. During the jacking process, two stoppers are welded on both sides of the hydraulic jack, which are used to fix the hydraulic jack and prevent the cylinder from slipping laterally;

After the translation of the shield body is completed, the anti-twist device is made by welding I-beams and planting bars, and the gap between the starting frame and the portal is filled with steel plates to prevent the starting frame from moving.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that: the originating construction method proposed by the present invention is quite different from the common originating method, and can effectively solve the problem of originating shield tunneling at special-shaped and non-main line stations, which is mainly reflected in:

(1) Accelerate the progress of the project

The position of the shield launching shaft can be flexibly set to avoid the problem that the shield section cannot start (or excavate) due to the unstable plan of the shield launching shaft (or local shield section) at the station, and accelerate the progress of the project;

(2) Improve construction efficiency

①This construction method only needs to lay a translational area in the corresponding site, without large-scale transformation;

②Different translation methods can be adopted for different components to reduce the time used, and when the shield is translated, the internal connection of the pipeline in the workshop can be carried out to shorten the starting time;

③After the start, it is only necessary to remove the negative ring and restore the trolley without delaying other time.

(3) Reduced construction costs

① There is no need to use large machinery, and the machinery used is mainly winches and hydraulic jacks;

②Materials for laying the translational area are basically reusable and recyclable;

(4) Suitable for small spaces

The translation process of this construction method does not require the use of large-scale machinery such as electric turntables for steering, so it is less restricted by the site and is suitable for narrow spaces.

(5) Guaranteed safe production

① Different translation methods are adopted for trolleys and shields, which reduces potential safety hazards;

② During the construction process, no large-scale machinery is used to effectively reduce the risk;

③In the process of translation operation, remote control is used, and personnel can stay away from risk sources, reducing the probability of accidents.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the steps of the construction method of the shield machine in narrow space laterally splitting in embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the laying figure of the translational steel plate of shield well transverse channel in embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of section rail laying in the middle section of embodiment 1;

Fig. 4 is the laying plane view of section rail in embodiment 1;

Fig. 5 is the translation sectional view of battery car group in embodiment 1;

Fig. 6 is the top view of the translation of the battery car group in embodiment 1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of battery car group in embodiment 1;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the translation of the short trolley in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the translation of the long trolley in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 10 is a sequence diagram of the translational steering of the long trolley in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 11 is a translation diagram of the equipment bridge in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 12 is the front view of shield translation in embodiment 1;

Fig. 13 is the top view of the translation of the shield body in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 14 is the setting diagram of reaction force frame in embodiment 1;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of 1-1 in Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of 2-2 in Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Fig. 14 .

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a construction method for laterally splitting the shield machine in a small space according to this embodiment includes the following steps:

1. Preparation:

(1) Carry out on-site survey

According to the layout of the crane station and the entry and exit routes of the transport vehicles in the hoisting plan, when the shield machine enters the site, the maximum vehicle length during the component transportation process is 17m, and the site needs to be tidied up during the shield machine transportation to facilitate the shield machine entry .

(2) Measurement and setting-out

The measurement team will need to mark the elevation of the laid track, the position of the starting frame and the height of the starting frame at the corresponding positions.

(3) Ground Leveling

According to the measurement results, the site is leveled, the potholes are filled with sand and leveled, and the positions higher than the design are chiseled and polished.

(4) Lay translational steel plates on the floor of the transverse channel

After the site is leveled, a translational steel plate is laid on the bottom plate of the transverse aisle according to the stakeout position; the translational steel plate is a 2cm thick steel plate with a width of 6m. When the position of the right-line interval is located, it extends to the direction of the right-line interval on both sides respectively.

The steel plate is welded with a welding machine, the weld seam is flat and full, and the two sides of the steel plate are firmly welded with the steel plate by planting bars. In the first stage, the track is placed on the steel plate for the translation of the battery car group and the trolley; in the second stage, butter is applied to the steel plate to reduce friction and used for the translation of the shield body.

(5) Laying rails in intervals

First, use I20 I-beam as a horse stool and 2cm steel plate to build a working platform, and the distance between I-beam brackets is 1m; then, lay a 14-channel steel every 1m on the concrete surface and working platform and fix it; finally, on the channel steel Lay rails, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.

The steel rail adopts 43 rails, and includes battery rails and trolley rails respectively. Among them, the 43 track spacing (medium to medium) of the battery track is 97cm, and the track spacing (medium to medium) of the trolley rail is 218cm; an anti-collision device must be installed at the end of the track, and the anti-collision device is welded by 25 double I-beams. The height is 1m, welded with the track, and the rear side is equipped with diagonal braces.

2. The shield machine enters the site:

Prepare the hoisting site, and the shield hoisting machinery and shield machine enter the site;

3. Hoisting and translation of the battery pack:

(1) Transport the battery car group to the site. The maximum size of the battery car group is a battery car, with a length of 7.8m and a width of 1.5m. During the translation process, it will move normally without lateral translation.

(2) The crane uses a 260T crawler crane to hoist the battery car to the set-up flat trolley, then use a 1t hoist and ф32 steel wire rope to fix the battery trolley and the flat trolley below, and then hoist it down the well (the trolley is fixed in the same way).

(3) Set up two winches, respectively connected with two translation trolleys, to provide power for the translation (the winches are fixed by planting bar welding, and the planting bars use ф25 steel bars, set 8 lines, fix the winches, and avoid the winches from moving); At the same time, lay battery rails and trolley rails in the direction of the vertical section line on the translational steel plates of the transverse aisle, and place two translational trolleys (load 60t, height 0.7m) on the battery rails, and use I20a I-shaped between the two trolleys The steel connection is firm, and a layer of 2cm thick steel plate is laid on the trolley. Two tracks parallel to the direction of the section line are placed on the steel plate, and the battery car is placed on the track, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.

(4) Due to the small size of the battery car, the hoist can be directly used to pull it into the horizontal passage in parallel. The weight of the battery car is 42t (including the battery), and the friction coefficient is set to 0.1. Two 5t hoists can fully meet the demand. The operation of the two hoists during the translation process It must be basically consistent to prevent serious inclination and affect the safety of translation. During the working process of the hoist, a special person is responsible for the unified command. During the propulsion process of the hoist, the propulsion speed is strictly controlled to keep it on the same plane. If the speed of the two sides is inconsistent during the translation process, it should be adjusted in time.

(5) Use the hoist to pull the translation trolley carrying the battery car parallel into the cross passage to the position on the right line, and then drive the battery car into the direction of the small mileage in the section to reach the designated position; Give it a fix (later the trolley also adopts the same fixation method).

(6) Transport a paddle car to the designated location in the same way, and connect it to the battery car.

(7) After being transported to the track of the battery car and connected to the battery car, the battery car is organized into a battery locomotive-a paddle car-flat car (that is, the above-mentioned "translation car"), as shown in Figure 7.

4. Hoisting and translation of trolley and equipment bridge:

(1) After the trolleys arrive at the site, use the crane to slowly hook down the equipment in sequence according to the order of 4#, 3#, 2#, and 1# trolleys to hoist the equipment into the shield well translation trolley, and perform corresponding translation.

There are two situations for translation. One kind of trolley is detachable, and the length of the trolley is shortened to 8.2-9.4m, and the trolley can be translated horizontally by directly using the translation battery car; the other kind of trolley is not detachable, and the length is 10.1-12.5m. Oblique translation is required, and the condition of the trolley is shown in Table 1;

Table 1 Situation diagram of the trolley

For trolleys (4#, 3#, 1# trolleys) whose length is less than 9.7m after disassembly, the translation process is the same as that of the battery trolley (as shown in Figure 8), the translation speed is controlled at about 50cm/min, and the horizontal translation reaches the line After the center line position, use the battery car to drag the trolley to the section, and after the trolley moves to the designated position, install anti-rolling devices such as iron shoes and steel plates.

For trolleys with a length greater than 9.7m (2# trolley) and the equipment bridge mentioned later, the oblique translation method is used for translation, and the method is as follows:

①Prepare the translation trolley, the installation sequence of the trolley from bottom to top is the same as that of the battery car; the situation during translation: lay translation steel plates on the bottom plate of the transverse channel, lay 4 tracks in the direction of the vertical section line on the steel plates, and place two 60t translation trolleys (0.7m High), the two trolleys are firmly connected by I20a I-beams, 2cm thick steel plates are laid on the trolleys, two tracks parallel to the direction of the section line are placed on the steel plates, and the battery cars are placed on the tracks. The translation trolley is staggered by 6m, and butter is applied between the trolley and the steel plate to reduce friction.

②As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, use the hoist to pull the translation trolley forward. After the end of the trolley passes through the cross passage, use the hand chain hoist to drag the steel plate to turn in the direction of the small mileage in the section, and the "small mileage side trolley" Advance about 25cm, and the "large mileage side trolley" will follow up by 50cm, reduce the distance between the two translational trolleys, and use two hoists and 20t chain hoists in the interval to adjust the steel plate and the platform to turn until it turns to the axis of the right line Coincidence; the trolley track is connected with the section track, and the connection is supported by I20 I-beam brackets.

③ After the trolley transfers to the section line, use the battery car to drag it to the side with a small mileage.

(2) The equipment bridge is hoisted into the well, and after two segment trolleys are installed at the bottom (because the lower part of the equipment bridge does not contain wheels), the trolley is used to move to the designated position (as shown in Figure 11).

5. Translation of screw machine, assembly machine and reaction frame:

The screw machine, assembly machine, and reaction frame are hoisted down the well, and translated to the designated position according to the movement mode of the equipment bridge.

Among them, the length of the screw machine is 12.8m, the diameter is 1.1m, and the weight is about 22t; during translation, two segment trolleys are installed at the bottom of the screw machine, and transported to the section port by the translation trolley, and then transported to the equipment bridge belly by the segment trolley ; After the push of the shield body is completed, insert the screw machine into the assembly machine with the segment trolley, and install the door frames on both sides of the equipment bridge for assembling the screw machine.

6. Shield installation and translation:

(1) The starting frame is hoisted down the well and placed at the wellhead;

(2) Starting frame installation

Before the starting frame is installed, the reinforced rails and other sundries on the cushion steel plate are cut off, the steel plate is cleaned and polished, and butter is applied; two steel plates are also installed under the starting frame, and the translational friction is reduced by the butter between the steel plates.

(3) The shield machine is hoisted separately and goes down the well

Due to space constraints, the shield body needs to be assembled underground in the shield shaft, and then pushed to the starting tunnel. The shield body of the shield machine is lowered in the following order: front shield-cutterhead-middle shield-shield tail; during the hoisting process, after the shield body is stable without shaking, put the shield body into the shaft smoothly and slowly, and when the shield body is stable, place the shield body The shield body is slowly placed on the base at an accurate position, and then the shield machine is assembled. Among them, after the assembly of the front shield and the cutter head is completed, the whole is moved 5m to the high-mileage side to make room for the hoisting of the middle shield and the tail shield, and then the middle shield and the tail of the shield are installed in sequence.

(4) Lateral translation of the shield machine

① As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, after the shield machine is fixed on the starting frame, use the thrust of the jack to make the starting frame and the shield machine move in translation together. During the translation, the two 200t hydraulic jacks are located on the same side of the starting frame, pushing in the same direction, and the pushing speed is not too fast, set at 10cm/min. Use a fixed hydraulic jack to prevent the cylinder from slipping sideways (the weight of the shield body is about 400t, other equipment is 5t, a total of 405t, the friction coefficient is set to 0.2, and the power is two 200t hydraulic jacks, F=(400)*0.2=80t< 400t, to meet the demand).

② During the pushing process of the hydraulic jack, the propulsion speed is strictly controlled, and the deviation is corrected in time to prevent the offset of the starting frame. The operators of the hydraulic jack cooperate closely with the monitoring and measuring personnel.

③Personnel should retreat to a safe area during each propulsion process. Once the starting frame deviates, stop pressurization immediately, and the person in charge of the site and the technical person in charge arrange personnel to check the welding seam and base of the starting frame base. Check the appearance of the steel plate, Shuangpingong 25 I-steel top iron welds, etc. to check whether there are weld cracks, component deformation, etc., and record the inspection records. After the inspection is correct, the push and translation can be continued. At the same time, an emergency stop switch is installed on the hydraulic propulsion equipment, and a special person is responsible to prevent it from being stopped in time when an emergency occurs.

After the translation of the shield body is completed, the anti-twist device is made by welding I-beams and planting bars, and the gap between the starting frame and the portal is filled with steel plates to prevent the starting frame from moving.

(5) Reaction frame setting

The reaction frame is composed of two beams, two vertical beams and two diagonal braces. The beam size is 600mm*400mm, the vertical beam size is 600mm*450mm, and the lengths are 5.26m and 7.3m respectively; the diagonal braces are composed of two diameters Composed of 630 steel pipes, the length is 5.8m and 2.8m; the top and bottom of the beam are made of H40 steel, and there are 6 pieces in total, with a distance of 1m and an angle of 45°. The top diagonal braces need to be measured and welded after the reaction frame is installed. , to ensure that the welding and stress points are intact. The shield body can be moved directly to the designated position by using the translation trolley. After the shield machine is assembled, push the shield machine towards the door, leaving a place for the splicing of the reaction frame, and hang the chain hoist above it. Lift the reaction frame for welding. The sequence of lifting and welding is: bottom beam-vertical beam-top beam-slant brace; the installation of the reaction frame is carried out after the tail shield is installed and before it is connected to the connecting bridge. The reaction frame should be placed perpendicular to the starting frame, and the vertical direction of the column has a slope depression angle of 7‰, and all welding parts should be welded firmly.

The vertical beams are welded on the steel plate pre-buried on the bottom plate, the steel plate size is 2cm, 1m*1m, and other parts are welded according to the drawings.

The starting reaction frame of the shield machine is an assembled all-steel frame structure to ensure sufficient rigidity. The schematic diagram of the reaction frame is shown in Figure 14-Figure 17.

When the reaction frame is installed, first measure the center line of the initial mileage section of the reaction frame position, and mark it on the side wall of the launch shaft, so that the center of the reaction frame can be positioned. 20mm high. The key to positioning is that the reaction force frame is close to the positioning plane of the negative ring segment and is perpendicular to the tunnel axis here.

The beam at the bottom of the reaction frame and the lower end of the column are supported by steel support blocks at the bottom step. After the position is determined, the two rows of diagonal braces at the rear are welded and fixed. The diagonal brace is supported by Φ630 steel pipes, and the reaction frame is supported on the ring beam structure in the originating shaft. At the same time, the upper diagonal brace is made and welded with H40 steel and the reaction frame. Connect to ensure that it is fixed.

Before the main shield machine is connected with the rear support (equipment bridge and trolley), the installation of the reaction frame begins. During installation, the gap between the reaction frame and the connection part of the station structure shall be padded to ensure sufficient compressive strength of the foot plate of the reaction frame.

Since the reaction frame and the starting frame provide the initial thrust and the initial space attitude for the shield machine to start, when the reaction frame and the starting frame are installed, the left and right deviation of the reaction frame is controlled within ±10mm, and the elevation deviation is controlled Within ±5mm, the upper and lower deviations are controlled within ±10mm. The included angle between the vertical direction of the horizontal axis of the starting frame and the reaction frame is <±2‰, the vertical trend deviation from the design axis is <2‰, and the horizontal trend deviation is <±3‰.

7. The shield machine starts.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (9)

1. A side-direction split starting construction method for a shield machine in a narrow space is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparation:

(1) selecting an address of an initial vertical shaft;

(2) constructing a vertical shaft and a transverse channel;

(3) translation preparation work in the transverse passage:

laying a translation steel plate on a transverse channel bottom plate, and laying steel rails in intervals; the translation steel plate is used for placing a track when the subsequent battery car group and the trolley translate, or smearing butter when the shield body translates; the steel rail is directly used for the subsequent interval translation between the battery car group and the trolley;

s2, shield tunneling machine approach and hoisting:

preparing a hoisting site, a shield hoisting machine and a shield tunneling machine for entering the site;

s3, hoisting and translating the battery car set:

(1) Hoisting and lowering the storage battery locomotive into the well;

(2) Two winches are arranged and respectively connected with the two translation trolleys; meanwhile, a storage battery car rail and a trolley rail which are vertical to the interval line direction are laid on the translation steel plates of the transverse channel, two translation trolleys are placed on the storage battery car rail, the two trolleys are connected through I-shaped steel, a layer of steel plate is laid on each trolley, two rails which are parallel to the interval line direction are placed on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is placed on the rails;

(3) Pulling the translation trolley carrying the battery car into the transverse channel in parallel to a right line position by using a winch, and then driving the battery car into an interval in a small mileage direction to reach an appointed position;

(4) Transporting a slurry car to a designated position in the same way, and connecting the slurry car to a battery car;

s4, hoisting and translating the trolley and the equipment bridge:

(1) Hoisting and descending the well by using the trolley;

(2) If the trolley is a detachable trolley, the trolley is moved to a specified position in a translation mode of the battery car; if the trolley is a non-detachable trolley, the trolley moves in an oblique translation mode; wherein, the oblique translation mode is: the transverse translation process is the same as that of the battery car, but after the battery car is translated to the line neutral position, the battery car is used for dragging the trolley to the small-mileage side in the interval;

(3) Hoisting the equipment bridge and lowering the equipment bridge into the well, and moving the equipment bridge to a specified position in a trolley translation mode after two segment trolleys are installed at the bottom of the equipment bridge;

s5, hoisting and translating the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame:

hoisting and lowering the screw machine, the assembling machine and the reaction frame into the well, and translating to a specified position according to the moving mode of the equipment bridge;

s6, hoisting and translating the shield body:

hoisting and lowering the starting frame into the well, and placing the starting frame at a wellhead position; meanwhile, a front shield, a middle shield and a tail shield are sequentially hoisted and connected; after the shield body is installed, welding the shield body and an originating frame, and arranging a counterforce steel plate for pushing so as to translate the shield body to a specified position; when the shield body is translated to a specified position, starting to install a reaction frame, and debugging the shield machine;

and S7, starting the shield.

2. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the lateral split mode in the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1 (3), the translation steel plate of the transverse channel is a steel plate 2cm thick and 6m wide; the arrangement mode of translation steel sheet is "T" style of calligraphy, namely, extends along the length direction of horizontal passageway earlier, and when waiting to extend to right line interval position, respectively extend to the right line interval direction of its both sides again.

3. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the laterally split mode in the narrow space according to claim 2 is characterized in that when the translation steel plate is laid, the steel plate is welded by a welding machine, the welding line is smooth and full, and the two sides of the steel plate are firmly welded with the steel plate through planting bars.

4. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the laterally split manner in the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, 43 rails are adopted as the regional steel rails, and each rail comprises a storage battery car rail and a trolley rail; wherein the distance between the 43 tracks of the battery car track is 97cm, and the distance between the tracks of the trolley track is 218cm; meanwhile, the tail end of the track is provided with an anti-collision device, the anti-collision device is formed by welding 25 double-spliced I-shaped steel, the height of the anti-collision device is 1m, the anti-collision device is welded with the track, and the rear side of the anti-collision device is provided with an inclined strut.

5. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the lateral split mode in the narrow space according to claim 4, wherein before the steel rails are laid, I20I-shaped steel is used as a split stool and a 2cm steel plate are used for building a working platform, and the distance between I-shaped steel supports is 1m; then, laying 14 channel steel on the concrete surface and the working platform every 1m and fixing; and finally, directly laying the steel rail on 14 channel steel to finish the construction of the steel rail.

6. The narrow space shield tunneling machine lateral split starting construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the storage battery locomotive is hoisted and lowered into the well: the crane selects a 260T crawler crane, the storage battery car is hoisted to the set flat trolley, then the storage battery car is fixed with the flat trolley below by using a 1T hoist and a phi 32 steel wire rope, and then the storage battery car is hoisted and lowered into the well;

regarding battery locomotive translation: the winch is fixed by adopting a bar planting welding method, the bar planting uses phi 25 steel bars, 8 channels are arranged, the winch is fixed, and the movement of the winch is avoided; meanwhile, the two translation trolleys connected with the winch are 60t in load and 0.7m high, the two trolleys are firmly connected by I-shaped steel I20a, a steel plate with the thickness of 2cm is laid on each trolley, two tracks are arranged on each steel plate, and the storage battery car is arranged on each track; when the battery car is pulled to the right line and drives in an interval for a small distance, the battery car is fixed by using the iron boots.

7. The narrow space shield tunneling machine lateral split starting construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, with respect to trolley hoisting and well descending: after the trolley arrives at the field, hoisting the equipment into the shield well translation trolley by using a crane lower hook;

regarding trolley translation: the trolley is divided into a detachable type and a non-detachable type; the non-detachable trolley moves in an oblique translation mode; the length of the detachable trolley is shortened to be less than 9.7m after the detachable trolley is detached, and the transverse translation is directly carried out by utilizing a translation battery car mode.

8. The construction method for starting the shield tunneling machine in the lateral split mode in the narrow space according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the length of the spiral machine is 12.8m, the diameter of the spiral machine is 1.1m, and the weight of the spiral machine is about 22t; during translation, two segment trolleys are arranged at the bottom of the screw conveyor, are transported to an interval port by using the translation trolleys and are transported into the bridge belly of the equipment by using the segment trolleys; after the shield body is pushed to complete pushing, the segment trolley is used for inserting the screw machine into the assembling machine, and the portal frames are arranged on two sides of the equipment bridge and used for assembling the screw machine.

9. The narrow space shield tunneling machine lateral split starting construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the specific steps of shield installation and translation are as follows:

(1) originating rack mounting

Before the starting frame is installed, steel rails and other impurities reinforced on the cushion steel plate are cut off, and the steel plate is cleaned, polished and then smeared with grease; two steel plates are also arranged below the starting frame, and the translation friction is reduced by means of grease between the steel plates;

(2) split hoisting well descending of shield machine

Due to the limitation of a site, the shield body needs to be assembled underground and pushed to the front of an originating tunnel door;

wherein the shield body of the shield machine is arranged in the sequence of front shield-cutterhead-middle shield-shield tail; after the well is lowered, the shield body is placed on the base, and then the shield machine is assembled; after the front shield and the cutter head are assembled, the whole body is translated to the large-mileage side by 5m to make room for middle shield hoisting and tail shield hoisting, and then the middle shield and the tail shield are sequentially installed;

(3) lateral translation of shield tunneling machine

After the shield body is installed, welding the shield body and the starting frame, and translating the starting frame and the shield machine together by utilizing the thrust of the jack; during translation, two 200t hydraulic jacks are positioned on the same side of the starting frame, pushing is carried out in the same direction, the pushing speed is set to be 10cm/min, and two stoppers are welded on two sides of each hydraulic jack in the pushing process and used for fixing the hydraulic jacks and preventing the oil cylinders from laterally slipping;

after the shield body is translated, the anti-twisting head device is manufactured in a mode of welding I-shaped steel and planting bars, and a gap between the starting frame and the tunnel door is filled with a steel plate to prevent the starting frame from moving.

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