CN114614735A - A capacitor external motor controller - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a motor controller, in particular to a capacitor external motor controller, comprising a casing, a control component, a capacitor and a radiator, wherein the radiator comprises a flat plate part and a The fin portion is arranged outside the casing, the control element is fixedly arranged on the flat plate portion, the capacitor is arranged on the casing and is located on the side where the fin portion is arranged, and the capacitor lead-out terminal penetrates through the casing and is connected to the control element, In the present invention, the fins of the capacitor and the radiator are arranged on the outside of the housing, which can ensure the heat dissipation effect on the premise of ensuring the size of the housing and the compactness of the internal components, and effectively utilize the external space of the housing. On the same side, it can avoid occupying the space on other sides of the casing, maintain the overall integrity of the controller, and arrange the control components with great heat generation in the controller on the flat plate part, which greatly ensures the heat dissipation effect, and at the same time Solve the heat dissipation problem of conventional built-in capacitors.

Description

A capacitor external motor controller

technical field

The invention belongs to a motor controller, in particular to a capacitor external motor controller.

Background technique

As an electric energy conversion unit between the power supply and the motor, the motor controller has been widely used in new energy vehicles, rail transit, aerospace and other fields. Generally speaking, the basic components of a motor controller include: IGBT module and its drive unit, DC support capacitor, control unit, low-voltage power supply unit, and structural components that provide functions such as heat dissipation, protection, and support for these components. The evolving goals of motor controllers include being smaller, lighter, and more reliable. One of the technical ways to achieve miniaturization and light weight is through the structural design of the motor controller.

In a conventional motor controller, the various sub-assemblies are placed inside the motor controller housing. Taking the DC support capacitor as an example, it occupies about 10%-25% of the total volume and weight of the motor controller. Arranging the DC support capacitor in the inner cavity of the motor controller housing has the following disadvantages: First, due to the motor control The housing of the controller completely contains the DC support capacitor, so the housing of the motor controller needs to be larger, the more space is wasted, and the weight increases accordingly; second, with the improvement of the level of integration, the motor control The control unit, the low-voltage power supply unit and the drive unit of the IGBT module in the device may be integrated in a flat PCB, and the thickness will be very small, but the thickness of the DC support capacitor is difficult to be so small. Therefore, the thickness of the DC support capacitor It is the fetter that the thickness of the motor controller casing is further reduced; thirdly, currently limited by the material properties of the insulating dielectric film, the maximum allowable temperature of the DC support capacitor is 105 °C, which has become the shortest board for further improving the power density of the motor controller. , therefore, it is also necessary to provide a more efficient heat dissipation method for the DC support capacitor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a capacitor external motor controller with compact structure and good heat dissipation effect.

The content of the present invention includes a casing, a control element, a capacitor and a radiator, the radiator includes a flat plate part connected to each other and respectively arranged in the casing and a fin part arranged outside the casing, and the control element is fixedly arranged on the flat plate part The capacitor is arranged on the casing and is located on the side where the fin portion is arranged, and the capacitor lead-out terminal penetrates through the casing and is connected to the control element.

Further, the flat plate portion is flush with the inner surface of the casing.

The present invention also includes a fan cover covering the fin part and the capacitor, the two sides of the fan cover along the air duct direction of the fin part are provided with mounting holes corresponding to the positions of the capacitor and the fin part, and at least one side of the mounting hole is provided with a mounting hole. fan.

Further, the distance between the fin portion and the capacitor from the surface of the casing is the same.

Further, the capacitor shell is provided with heat dissipation fins.

Furthermore, the casing is also provided with a casing cover, and the casing cover is arranged on the adjacent or opposite surface of the fin portion of the casing.

Further, the control component includes a control and low-voltage power supply unit and two sets of three-phase bridge IGBT modules and IGBT module drive units disposed opposite to each other.

Further, two groups of three-phase bridge IGBT modules and IGBT module drive units are symmetrically arranged along the casing, and two groups of the radiator are symmetrically arranged along the casing.

Further, the capacitor is arranged in the middle of the two groups of fins.

The invention also includes a transfer busbar arranged in the middle position in the casing, and the transfer busbar is connected with the capacitor lead-out terminals and the collectors and emitters of the two groups of three-phase bridge IGBT modules.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the fins of the capacitor and the radiator are arranged on the outside of the casing, which can ensure the heat dissipation effect on the premise of ensuring the size of the casing and the compactness of the internal components, and effectively utilize the external space of the casing. Arranging the fin part and the capacitor on the same side can avoid occupying the space on other sides of the casing, maintain the overall integrity of the controller, simplify the difficulty of setting and installation of the controller, and remove the control components with great heat generation in the controller. It is arranged on the flat plate part, which greatly ensures the heat dissipation effect and solves the heat dissipation problem of conventional built-in capacitors.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the first angle structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the second angle structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the explosion schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a bottom view of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, screw; 2, shell; 21, shell cover; 3, capacitor; 31, capacitor lead-out terminal; 32, mounting flange; 4, radiator; 5, fan; 6, fan cover; 7, Three-phase bridge IGBT module; 8. IGBT module drive unit; 9. Control and low-voltage power supply unit; 10. Transfer busbar.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIGS. 1-5 , the present invention includes a housing 2 , a control component, a capacitor 3 and a radiator 4 . The fin portion of the fin portion, the control element is fixedly arranged on the flat plate portion, the capacitor 3 is arranged on the casing 2 and is located on the side where the fin portion is arranged, and the capacitor lead-out terminal 31 penetrates through the casing 2 and is connected to the control element.

In the present invention, the fins of the capacitor 3 and the radiator 4 are arranged on the outer side of the casing 2, which can ensure the heat dissipation effect on the premise of ensuring the size of the casing 2 and the compactness of the internal components, and effectively utilize the external space of the casing 2. The chip part and the capacitor 3 are arranged on the same side, which can avoid occupying the space on the other side of the casing 2, maintain the overall integrity of the controller, simplify the difficulty of setting and installation of the controller, and remove the control components with great heat generation in the controller. It is arranged on the plate part, which greatly ensures the heat dissipation effect and solves the heat dissipation problem of the conventional built-in capacitor 3. The conventional built-in capacitor 3 takes the DC support capacitor as an example, which takes up about 10% of the total volume and weight of the motor controller. -25%, the DC support capacitor is completely set in the housing 2, which leads to the need to make the housing 2 larger, and the weight increases accordingly. There will be a lot of useless space. In addition, if the DC support capacitor is dissipated through the heat sink 4, The heat generated by the IGBT module with the largest heat source will be conducted to the capacitor 3 through the radiator 4, and even have a heating effect on the capacitor, and it is difficult to dissipate heat without being connected to the radiator 4. And the capacitor 3 is arranged on the outside, which solves the heat dissipation problem of the capacitor 3 and improves the compactness of the structure. On the premise of the same number of components, the overall size is reduced, which is beneficial to the flattening and lightening of the motor controller.

In order to further improve the compactness, the flat plate portion is flush with the inner surface of the housing 2 , as shown in FIG. , while avoiding occupying the internal accommodation space of the casing 2 and ensuring the integrity of the casing 2 .

The present invention also includes a fan cover 6 covering the fin portion and the capacitor 3. On both sides of the fan cover 6 along the air duct direction of the fin portion, there are mounting holes corresponding to the positions of the capacitor 3 and the fin portion. A fan 5 is provided on the hole, and a fan cover 6 is provided to provide an air duct for the fin part and a mounting platform for the fan 5. Mounting holes are provided on both sides of the fan cover 6, and at least one side of the mounting holes is provided with a fan 5, which can be It is ensured that the fan 5 can take away the heat of the fin part and the capacitor 3, which greatly improves the heat dissipation effect, and at the same time can protect the fin part and the capacitor 3 from being affected by impact or other adverse factors.

The distance between the fin portion and the capacitor 3 from the surface of the casing 2 is the same, that is, the height of the capacitor 3 is the same as the height of the fin portion, which can minimize the size of the fan cover 6 and further improve the compactness of the structure.

The shell of the capacitor 3 is provided with heat dissipation fins to improve the heat dissipation effect of the capacitor 3 .

The casing 2 is also provided with a casing cover 21. The casing cover 21 is arranged on the adjacent or opposite surface of the mounting fin part of the casing 2. The casing cover 21 is preferably arranged on the opposite side. disassembly and overhaul.

The control components include a control and low-voltage power supply unit 9 and two sets of three-phase bridge IGBT modules 7 and IGBT module drive units 8 arranged opposite to each other. There are two sets of three-phase bridge IGBT modules 7, which can be mutually redundant and increase motor control. The reliability of the controller can also be used to drive two motors respectively to improve the integration of the motor controller. The IGBT module drive unit 8 is set to receive the low-voltage pulse signal and drive the three-phase bridge IGBT module 7 to turn on, off and short-circuit. Protection, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, current signal acquisition, temperature signal acquisition, providing resistance discharge for the DC support capacitor 3, the control and low voltage power supply unit 9 is arranged on the upper end of the IGBT module drive unit 8, for the control circuit and IGBT module drive The unit 8 provides power, sends low-voltage pulse signals to the IGBT module drive unit 8, external communication, signal acquisition and analysis, and logic control. The control and low-voltage power supply unit 9 can also be integrated with the IGBT module drive unit 8, so that the motor controller shell The body 2 can be designed to be more flat. In this embodiment, the three-phase bridge IGBT module 7 is attached and arranged on the flat plate portion to ensure the heat dissipation effect.

In order to maintain the compactness of the structure and facilitate the mutual connection between the two groups, the two groups of three-phase bridge IGBT modules 7 and IGBT module drive units 8 are symmetrically arranged along the casing 2. In order to further improve the heat dissipation effect, the radiator 4 is arranged along the casing. The body 2 is symmetrically arranged with two groups. In this embodiment, the capacitor 3 is arranged in the middle of the two groups of fins, and cooperates with the two groups of fins to form an air duct to improve the heat dissipation effect. In addition, the capacitor 3 is in contact with the shell 2 A mounting flange 32 is provided on the surface, and a number of mounting holes are provided on the capacitor mounting flange 32. The screws 1 can be screwed into the housing 2 through the mounting holes on the capacitor mounting flange 32, so as to complete the installation of the DC support capacitor 3. Fixed, to ensure the fixed effect, to ensure structural stability. Between the contact surfaces of the DC support capacitor 3 and the casing 2, a sealing gasket or a sealing ring can be provided to achieve sealing.

The present invention also includes a transfer busbar 10 arranged at the middle position in the housing 2, and the transfer busbar 10 is connected with the capacitor lead-out terminal 31 and the collectors and emitters of the two sets of three-phase bridge IGBT modules 7, which simplifies the connection between components. The connection difficulty between the two, specifically, the transfer bus bar 10 is connected with other components through the screw 1, which further simplifies the difficulty of disassembly and maintenance.

Claims (10)

1. A capacitor external motor controller, characterized in that it comprises a casing (2), a control component, a capacitor (3) and a radiator (4), wherein the radiator (4) comprises interconnected and is respectively arranged in the casing. The flat plate portion in the body (2) and the fin portion arranged outside the casing (2), the control components are fixedly arranged on the flat plate portion, and the capacitor (3) is arranged on the casing (2) and is located in the On one side of the fin portion, the capacitor lead-out terminal (31) penetrates the casing (2) and is connected to the control component. 2 . The external capacitor motor controller according to claim 1 , wherein the flat plate portion is flush with the inner surface of the casing ( 2 ). 3 . 3. The capacitor external motor controller as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fan cover (6) covering the fin portion and the capacitor (3), the fan cover (6) along the fin portion of the wind Mounting holes are provided on both sides in the channel direction corresponding to the positions of the capacitor (3) and the fin portion, and a fan (5) is provided on at least one side of the mounting holes. 4 . The external capacitor motor controller according to claim 3 , wherein the distance between the fin portion and the capacitor ( 3 ) and the surface of the casing ( 2 ) is the same. 5 . 5 . The external capacitor motor controller according to claim 1 , wherein heat dissipation fins are provided on the casing of the capacitor ( 3 ). 6 . 6. The external capacitor motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the casing (2) is further provided with a casing cover (21), and the casing cover (21) is arranged on the casing (2) for installation Adjacent or opposing faces of a fin portion. 7. The capacitor external motor controller according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the control component comprises a control and a low-voltage power supply unit (9) and two sets of three-phase bridge IGBT modules disposed opposite to each other (7) and the IGBT module drive unit (8). 8 . The capacitor external motor controller according to claim 7 , wherein the two groups of three-phase bridge IGBT modules ( 7 ) and the IGBT module drive unit ( 8 ) are symmetrically arranged along the casing ( 2 ). The device (4) is symmetrically arranged in two groups along the casing (2). 9 . The external capacitor motor controller according to claim 8 , wherein the capacitor ( 3 ) is arranged in the middle of the two groups of fin parts. 10 . 10. The capacitor external motor controller according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a transfer busbar (10) arranged at a middle position in the casing (2), the transfer busbar (10) and the capacitor The lead-out terminal (31) is connected with the collectors and the emitters of the two groups of three-phase bridge IGBT modules (7).

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