CN114600704A - Method for delaying flowering period of mangos - Google Patents
Method for delaying flowering period of mangos Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114600704A CN114600704A CN202210445234.1A CN202210445234A CN114600704A CN 114600704 A CN114600704 A CN 114600704A CN 202210445234 A CN202210445234 A CN 202210445234A CN 114600704 A CN114600704 A CN 114600704A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- spraying
- mass
- root
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 241000249058 Anthracothorax Species 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001093152 Mangifera Species 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004062 cytokinin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytokinin Natural products C1=NC=2C(NCC=C(CO)C)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000302661 Phyllostachys pubescens Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000003570 Phyllostachys pubescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000594310 Randia aculeata Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 36
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001655322 Streptomycetales Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000021332 multicellular organism growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- UZKQTCBAMSWPJD-UQCOIBPSSA-N trans-Zeatin Natural products OCC(/C)=C\CNC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 UZKQTCBAMSWPJD-UQCOIBPSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UZKQTCBAMSWPJD-FARCUNLSSA-N trans-zeatin Chemical compound OCC(/C)=C/CNC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 UZKQTCBAMSWPJD-FARCUNLSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940023877 zeatin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000005739 Bordeaux mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000006286 nutrient intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000001553 Betula platyphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001313086 Betula platyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 KH2PO4.0.02~0.06% Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes, which comprises the steps of pruning branches and leaves after fruit picking is finished every year, and reserving fruit-bearing mother branches; the fertilizing method comprises the following steps of applying root fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the root fertilizer application comprises the steps of applying a first root fertilizer after fruit picking is finished every year, applying a second root fertilizer 12 months per year, and cutting off part of mango root systems when the second root fertilizer is applied; the foliar fertilizer spraying comprises the first stage of spraying a foliar fertilizer for controlling the flowering and the second stage of spraying a foliar fertilizer for promoting the flowering and keeping the flowering; spraying the foliar fertilizer for controlling the foliar fertilizer for 1 to 5 times in the first stage from 12 months to 2 months; and in the second stage, spraying the flower-forcing and flower-keeping foliar fertilizer for 3-4 times per month until the flower spikes wither. The method reduces the labor amount of flower spike removal, has no damage to the tree body, and can still maintain good growth situation and yield for years.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mango cultivation. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for delaying the flowering phase of mangoes.
Background
Generally, the flowering period of the mango is prolonged by removing the flower spikes in batches to enable the lateral buds to form flower buds again, so that the situation that the flowering period is too early or too short and the mango is susceptible to pollination and fruit setting in low-temperature rainy days which are variable in early spring is avoided. In Baihua city of major producing area of mango in Guangxi province, according to the climate analysis and summary of many years, the mango blooms, pollinates and has high fruit setting rate in the middle and late 3 months to the beginning of 4 months, the method carries out the spike removing treatment in batches in the middle and late 1 month, the early 2 months and the middle and late 2 months, wherein the 1 month treatment can be carried out together with top dense nodal buds to be cut off, and the flowering period can be delayed for more than 20 days; removing the whole flower spike from the base of the flower spike when the flower spike is treated in the last ten days of 2 months; and (3) keeping the base part of the flower spike 1-2 cm (or keeping 2-3 branches) during the middle and last ten days of 2 months, removing the top of the flower spike, and spraying a high-potassium foliar fertilizer to improve the quality of regenerated flowers after treatment.
In the prior art, the flowering phase is prolonged by removing the spica in batches or removing the spica according to different growth times of the flower buds of the spica (such as CN111512869A), so that the influence of changeable weather in early spring can be avoided; however, the method for picking off the flower spikes has large labor capacity and high strength, and is difficult to pick off relatively high fruit trees; for pruning the inflorescences with leaves, the pruning workload is large, and the pruning agricultural technical requirement is high.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
The invention also aims to provide a method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes, which reduces the labor amount of picking off flower spikes by pruning branches and leaves and applying first root fertilizer after picking fruits, cutting off part of mango root systems in 12 months and applying second root fertilizer, and controlling the flowering period by leaf fertilizer.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps:
pruning branches and leaves after fruit picking is finished every year, and reserving fruit bearing mother branches;
the fertilizing method comprises the following steps of applying root fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the root fertilizer application comprises the steps of applying a first root fertilizer after fruit picking is finished every year, applying a second root fertilizer 12 months per year, and cutting off part of mango root systems when the second root fertilizer is applied; the spraying of the foliar fertilizer comprises spraying of a foliar fertilizer for controlling the growth of the leaves in the first stage and spraying of a foliar fertilizer for promoting the growth of flowers and preserving the flowers in the second stage; spraying the foliar fertilizer for controlling the foliar fertilizer for 1 to 5 times in the first stage from 12 months to 2 months; and in the second stage, spraying the flower-forcing and flower-keeping foliar fertilizer for 3-4 times per month until the flower spikes wither.
Preferably, the first root fertilizer application amount is calculated as the yield: 1-1.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.5-0.8 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.8-1.2 kg of potassium fertilizer and 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer are applied to each 100 kg of plants, an annular or semi-annular groove is dug under a crown at a distance of 1-1.5 m from the base of a tree head in an annular groove fertilizing mode, the width is 15-20 cm, and soil is covered after the fertilizer is uniformly applied.
Preferably, the fertilizing amount of the second root fertilizer is 1.0-2.0 kg of mixed liquid of cytokinin-producing bacteria applied to each plant, 0.5-0.8 kg of bone meal, 0.5-1.0 kg of moso bamboo powder, 0.5-1.0 kg of calcium apatite, 20-30 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.0 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein the N, P, K ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 5-10: 15-20: 20-30; the fertilizing method is that the depth of turning is 20-35 cm within the range of 0.5-2.0 m from the base of the tree head, part of mango root systems are cut off, then root fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the turned soil, and weeds or straws are laid after the turning is uniform.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting 20-30 parts of grass carbon, 30-40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 0.01 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.01 part of protease and 0.01 part of cellulase at 60-70 ℃ for 10-15 days.
Preferably, the first-stage controlled-tip foliar fertilizer spraying specifically comprises the following steps: the foliar fertilizer is prepared from 95 parts by mass of raw material waste honey liquid, 4 parts by mass of amino acid, 1.1 parts by mass of choline chloride, 0.6 parts by mass of yeast, 0.3 parts by mass of enzyme microorganism, 1.2 parts by mass of urea, 8 parts by mass of goat horn ash and 12 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol, and after diluting by 150 times, paclobutrazol is added, wherein the concentration of the added paclobutrazol in the mixed liquid is 100-200ppm, and the mixture is sprayed to the foliage of a leaf for dripping.
Preferably, the spraying times of the controlled-tip foliar fertilizer in the first stage are as follows: if the average daytime temperature in the week is 3-10 ℃, spraying once every 3 weeks; if the temperature in the daytime of the weekly average is 11-17 ℃, spraying the pesticide once every 10 days; the temperature in the daytime is 18-23 ℃ in week average, and the spraying is carried out once every 6 days; the weekly average daytime temperature is 24-30 ℃, and the spraying is carried out once every 2 weeks.
Preferably, the spraying of the flower forcing and flower preserving foliar fertilizer in the second stage is specifically as follows: the foliar fertilizer is prepared from 95 parts by mass of raw material waste honey liquid, 4 parts by mass of amino acid, 1.1 parts by mass of choline chloride, 0.6 part by mass of yeast, 0.3 part by mass of enzyme bacteria, 1.2 parts by mass of urea, 8 parts by mass of goat horn ash and 12 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol, and is sprayed to the leaf surface for dripping after being diluted by 200 times; during the second stage, the soil water content was maintained at 55-65%.
Preferably, the spraying times of the flower forcing and protecting foliar fertilizer in the second stage are as follows: if the temperature in the daytime of the weekly average is 23-28 ℃, spraying the pesticide once every 10 days; if the average daytime temperature in the week is 29-33 ℃, the spraying is carried out once a week.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of carrying out far-red light intermittent irradiation on the tree crown at night in the second stage, wherein the wavelength of the far-red light is 700-750 nanometers, the irradiation starts from entering dark for 1 hour until the irradiation ends at 1 hour away from the sky brightness, and the irradiation intensity of the intermittently irradiated far-red light is 5 mu mol/m2/s。
Preferably, the far-red intermittent irradiation is specifically: the far-red LED lamp beads are hung above the tree crown, the light is limited by the reflector to irradiate the tree crown, and the intermittent frequency is controlled by the controller.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, by pruning branches and leaves and applying the first root fertilizer after fruit picking is finished, the tree shape of the fruit tree is transparent, the nutrient consumption is reduced, the spraying of liquid medicine, leaf fertilizer and the like is facilitated, the pest and disease damage is reduced, the first root fertilizer can also enable the underground part (root system) of the tree body to supplement the nutrients consumed by fruits in the early stage for the tree body, the healthy growth of the tree body is rapidly recovered, and the nutrient storage of the tree body is facilitated. In the invention, part of mango root systems are cut off in 12 months to 3 months and root fertilizers are applied for the second time, so that the growth center of a tree body is transferred to the root system growth of an underground part, flower bud sprouting is controlled, and meanwhile, a foliar fertilizer for controlling the growth of the flower buds is sprayed at the stage, so that the nutritional requirement of the nutrient growth of the overground part is met, new flowers and flower bud sprouting are reduced, and the tree body is kept in the growth state of storing nutrients in the flowering phase and the fruit phase. In the second stage, the weather is stable, the growth of the newly born root system is aged and the nutrients are sufficient by reducing the concentration of the foliar fertilizer and removing the control effect of paclobutrazol, the growth center of the tree body is transferred to the growth of the top shoots, flowers and fruits to promote the emergence of flower buds, the flowering period is effectively delayed, the influence of early spring variable weather is avoided, the labor amount for removing flower spikes is reduced, the method for delaying flowering and fruit setting has no damage to the tree body, and the good growth situation can be maintained for several years continuously.
The cytokinin-producing bacteria mixed liquor is the fermented liquor obtained by adopting a fermentation method of a publication number CN1111603C, after-treatment and drying are not carried out, the obtained fermented liquor is used as the cytokinin-producing bacteria mixed liquor, stable-period streptomyces jingyang and high-content CTK are obtained through fermentation, root system restoration is facilitated, the streptomyces jingyang in vigorous growth is enriched and grows under a soil gap structure constructed by moso bamboo powder, calcium apatite and bone meal to form root system endophytic bacteria, the endophytic bacteria are planted in the root system and metabolized to generate active compounds such as zeatin, indole hormones and the like, the growth center of a tree body is continuously promoted to be transferred to the root system of an underground part to grow, and the vegetative growth and apical dominance regulation and control of the overground part are exerted.
And thirdly, the invention adjusts the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer according to different temperature for different growth states of the tree body, and is beneficial to controlling the emergence of new shoots and flower buds.
And fourthly, the mango tree crown is subjected to far-red light intermittent irradiation at night, so that the mango flowering is inhibited, and the flowering phase can be effectively delayed.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
< example 1>
A method of delaying the flowering of mangoes, comprising:
1) pruning branches and leaves after fruit picking is finished every year, and reserving fruit bearing mother branches;
2) the fertilizing method comprises the following steps of applying root fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the root fertilizer application comprises the steps of applying a first root fertilizer after fruit picking is finished every year, applying a second root fertilizer 12 months per year, and cutting off part of mango root systems when the second root fertilizer is applied; the spraying of the foliar fertilizer comprises spraying of a foliar fertilizer for controlling the growth of the leaves in the first stage and spraying of a foliar fertilizer for promoting the growth of flowers and preserving the flowers in the second stage; spraying the foliar fertilizer for controlling the foliar fertilizer for 1 to 5 times in the first stage from 12 months to 2 months; and in the second stage, spraying the flower-forcing and flower-keeping foliar fertilizer for 3-4 times per month until the flower spikes wither. Spraying Bordeaux mixture as required to sterilize and prevent diseases during the cultivation period, wherein the Bordeaux mixture is prepared from copper sulfate: quick lime: water ═ 1 ml: 0.5g of 300ml of 250-.
2.1) the fertilizing amount of the first root fertilizer is calculated as the yield: 1-1.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.5-0.8 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.8-1.2 kg of potassium fertilizer and 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer are applied to each 100 kg of plants, an annular or semi-annular groove is dug under the crown at a distance of 1-1.5 m from the base of the tree head in an annular groove fertilization mode, the width is 15-20 cm, and the fertilizer is evenly applied and then covered with soil.
2.2) the fertilizing amount of the second root fertilizer is 1.0-2.0 kg of mixed liquid of cytokinin-producing bacteria applied to each plant, 0.5-0.8 kg of bone meal, 0.5-1.0 kg of moso bamboo powder, 0.5-1.0 kg of calcium apatite, 20-30 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.0 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein the N, P, K ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 5-10: 15-20: 20-30; the fertilizing method is that the depth of turning is 20-35 cm within the range of 0.5-2.0 m from the base of the tree head, part of mango root systems are cut off, then root fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the turned soil, and weeds or straws are laid after the turning is uniform.
The mixed liquid of the cytokinin-producing bacteria is fermentation liquid obtained by a fermentation method with the publication number of CN1111603C, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) slant culture, namely culturing the streptomyces jingyangensis in a culture medium of Gaoshi I, with the pH value of 7.0-7.2 in a constant-temperature incubator at 27-32 ℃ for 4 days, wherein spores are pink, and the spores are stored in a refrigerator at 1-5 ℃ for no more than 40 days.
B. The first-stage seed tank comprises 1-3% of corn flour as culture medium (unless otherwise noted, wt% refers to wt%, the raw materials can be selected from given range of approximate values, and fermentation effect is not affected), 0.5-2% of glucose, 0.2-2% of yeast powder, 1-3% of soybean cake powder, KH2PO4.0.02～0.06％、NaCl 0.2-0.6％、(NH)2SO40.4～0.6％、CaCO30.3-0.5% and defoaming oil 0.2-0.5%. Sterilizing at 121 deg.C under 0.1MPa for 0.5 hr, inoculating at 32-36 deg.C, preparing spore suspension from 4 eggplant bottles and slant with sterile water, and inoculating into the first-stage seed tank under sterile condition.
The ventilation rate I is 0.5-0.8V/V/min, and the temperature of sterile air is 40-45 DEG C
The pot pressure is 0.02-0.06 PMa
The culture temperature is 27-32 DEG C
The stirring speed is 270-290 rpm
The culture time is 18 hours
The standard of seed transfer is that the seed liquid is microscopically checked to have no mixed bacteria and hypha is in a net shape; the broth tube microscopy is free of mixed bacteria.
C. The second-stage seeding tank comprises 1-5% of corn flour, 2-3% of glucose, 2-5% of soybean cake powder, 0.2-3% of yeast powder and (NH)2SO40.6～1.0％、CaCO30.5～0.9％、NaCl 0.2～0.6％、KH2PO4 0.02～0.05％、MgSO4●7H20.02-0.1% of O and 0.2-0.6% of defoaming oil. The disinfection temperature is 121 ℃, the disinfection pressure is 0.1MPa, the inoculation temperature is 32-36 ℃, and the inoculation amount is 8-15 percent from the-level seed tank to the second-level seed tank. The ventilation rate is 1: 0.5-0.8V/V/min, and the temperature of sterile air is 40-45 ℃.
The tank pressure is 0.02-0.07 PMa;
the culture temperature is 27-32 ℃;
the stirring speed is 240-260 r/min;
the culture time is 18 hours;
the standard of seed transfer is that the seed liquid is microscopically checked to have no mixed bacteria and hypha is in a net shape; the density is uniform, and the number of branches is large;
D. the fermentation tank comprises 2-9% of starch, 2-6% of corn flour, 1-5% of glucose, 2-7% of soybean draw powder, 0.2-2% of yeast powder and (NH)4)2SO40.7～1.2％、CaCO,0.6～1.1％、NaCl 0.2-0.6％、KH2PO40.025～0.050％、MgSO4●7H20.02-0.1% of O, 0.2-1% of corn, 0.01-0.05% of defoaming oil, 20-50% of starch カ, 0.2-0.6% of NaCl, KH, PO 0.02-0.06% of a material combining with other materials in fermentation, and (NH)4)SO40.5～1.2％、CaCO30.6-1.2%, defoaming agent 0.01-0.05%, and amylase 0.1-1%.
Ammonia water is used for regulating and controlling the pH value of fermentation liquor in the middle of fermentation, the disinfection temperature of a culture medium is 121 ℃, the disinfection pressure is 0.1PMa, and the disinfection time is 0.5 hour;
and (4) inoculating 8-15% of the seed from the secondary seed tank to the fermentation tank.
The ventilation rate is 0-12 hours and 1: 0.5-0.8V/V/min, and after 12 hours, the ventilation rate is 1: 1-1.2V/V/min.
The tank pressure is 0.02-0.07 MPa;
the culture temperature is 27-32 ℃;
the stirring speed is 150-180 r/min;
the fermentation period is 50 hours;
and the intermediate fermentation control standard is that the pH is controlled to be 6.3-6.5 before fermentation for 40 hours, the total sugar is controlled to be 5.0-7.0 g/ml, the pH is controlled to be 6.2-6.3 after fermentation for 40 hours, and the total sugar is controlled to be 3.0-5.0 g/ml.
The standard of tank filling is that total sugar is 1.3-1.5 g/ml, the concentration of hyphae is 40-55%, and the CTK content is more than 15000 micrograms/liter.
The fermentation broth obtained after 50 hours of fermentation is used as a mixed solution of cytokinin-producing bacteria, the Jingyang streptomycete and high-content CTK in a stable period are obtained through fermentation, root system restoration is facilitated, the Jingyang streptomycete in vigorous growth is enriched and grows under the condition that a soil void structure is constructed by moso bamboo powder, calcium apatite and bone meal, root system endophytic bacteria are formed, active compounds such as zeatin and indole hormones are generated through metabolism in the root system, the growth center of a tree body is continuously promoted to be transferred to the root system of the underground part for growth, and the vegetative growth and top end advantage regulation of the overground part are exerted.
Wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting 20-30 parts of grass carbon, 30-40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 0.01 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.01 part of protease and 0.01 part of cellulase at 60-70 ℃ for 10-15 days.
2.3) the first stage of controlled-tip foliar fertilizer spraying specifically comprises the following steps: the foliar fertilizer is prepared from 95 parts by mass of raw material waste honey liquid, 4 parts by mass of amino acid, 1.1 parts by mass of choline chloride, 0.6 parts by mass of yeast, 0.3 parts by mass of enzyme microorganism, 1.2 parts by mass of urea, 8 parts by mass of goat horn ash and 12 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol, and after diluting by 150 times, paclobutrazol is added, wherein the concentration of the added paclobutrazol in the mixed liquid is 100-200ppm, and the mixture is sprayed to the foliage of a leaf for dripping. If a small amount of spica appears in the first stage, the whole spica is removed from the base part of the spica, so that the labor amount of various removing modes is reduced, the spica appears in the early stage in the cultivation process, and the tedious labor for removing the spica is reduced. If the inflorescence with leaves appears in the second stage, the leaves can be removed by the conventional method.
Wherein, the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer with the controlled tip in the first stage are as follows: if the average daytime temperature in the week is 3-10 ℃, spraying once every 3 weeks; if the temperature in the daytime of the weekly average is 11-17 ℃, spraying the pesticide once every 10 days; the temperature in the daytime is 18-23 ℃ in week average, and the spraying is carried out once every 6 days; the weekly average daytime temperature is 24-30 ℃, and the spraying is carried out once every 2 weeks. The invention adjusts the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer according to different temperature for different growth states of the tree body, and is beneficial to controlling the emergence of new shoots and flower buds.
2.4) the spraying of the flower forcing and protecting foliar fertilizer in the second stage is specifically as follows: the foliar fertilizer is prepared from 95 parts by mass of raw material waste honey liquid, 4 parts by mass of amino acid, 1.1 parts by mass of choline chloride, 0.6 part by mass of yeast, 0.3 part by mass of enzyme bacteria, 1.2 parts by mass of urea, 8 parts by mass of goat horn ash and 12 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol, and is sprayed to the leaf surface for dripping after being diluted by 200 times; during the second stage, the soil water content was maintained at 55-65%. The leaf fertilizers in the first stage and the second stage can be prepared by a preparation method with the purchase publication number of CN105110868B, or the products can be directly purchased.
Wherein, the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer for flower forcing and flower retention in the second stage are specifically as follows: if the temperature in the daytime of the weekly average is 23-28 ℃, spraying the pesticide once every 10 days; if the average daytime temperature in the week is 29-33 ℃, the spraying is carried out once a week.
According to the invention, by pruning branches and leaves and applying the first root fertilizer after picking fruits, the tree shape of the fruit tree is transparent, the nutrient consumption is reduced, the spraying of liquid medicine, leaf fertilizer and the like is facilitated, the pest and disease damage is reduced, the first root fertilizer can also enable the underground part (root system) of the tree body to supplement the nutrients consumed by fruits in the early stage for the tree body, the healthy growth of the tree body is rapidly recovered, and the nutrient storage of the tree body is facilitated. In the invention, part of mango root systems are cut off in 12 months to 3 months and root fertilizers are applied for the second time, so that the growth center of a tree body is transferred to the root system growth of an underground part, flower bud sprouting is controlled, and meanwhile, a foliar fertilizer for controlling the growth of the flower buds is sprayed at the stage, so that the nutritional requirement of the nutrient growth of the overground part is met, new flowers and flower bud sprouting are reduced, and the tree body is kept in the growth state of storing nutrients in the flowering phase and the fruit phase. In the second stage, the weather is stable, the growth of the newly born root system is aged and the nutrients are sufficient by reducing the concentration of the foliar fertilizer and removing the control effect of paclobutrazol, the growth center of the tree body is transferred to the growth of the top shoots, flowers and fruits to promote the emergence of flower buds, the flowering period is effectively delayed, the influence of early spring variable weather is avoided, the labor amount for removing flower spikes is reduced, the method for delaying flowering and fruit setting has no damage to the tree body, and the good growth situation can be maintained for several years continuously.
< example 2>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mango is shown in example 1, wherein the difference is that the fertilization raw materials of the second root fertilizer in 2.2) are different, and specifically, the adopted mixed solution of the cytokinin-producing bacteria is replaced by the commercial intermediate-coupling chemical cytokinin.
< example 3>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mango is shown in example 1, wherein the difference is that the fertilization raw materials of the second root fertilizer in 2.2) are different, and specifically, the cytokinin-producing bacteria mixed liquor is replaced by a product C with the publication number of CN 1111603C.
< example 4>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mango is shown in example 1, except that 3) the crown is irradiated intermittently with far-red light at night in the second stage, the wavelength of the far-red light is 730 nm, the irradiation starts from 1h in darkness until 1h away from the darkness, and the irradiation intensity of the intermittently irradiated far-red light is 5 μmol/m2And s. The far-red intermittent irradiation is specifically designed as follows: the far-red LED lamp beads are hung above the tree crown, the light is limited by the reflector to irradiate the tree crown, and the intermittent frequency is controlled by the controller.
< example 5>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mango is shown in example 2, except that 3) the crown is irradiated intermittently with far-red light at night in the second stage, the wavelength of the far-red light is 730 nm, the irradiation starts from 1h in darkness until 1h away from the darkness, and the irradiation intensity of the intermittently irradiated far-red light is 5 μmol/m2And(s) in the presence of a catalyst. The far-red intermittent irradiation is specifically designed as follows: the far-red LED lamp beads are hung above the tree crown, the light is limited by the reflector to irradiate the tree crown, and the intermittent frequency is controlled by the controller.
< comparative example 1>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mango is shown in example 1, wherein the difference is that the fertilization raw materials of the second root fertilizer in 2.2) are different, and specifically, the cytokinin-producing bacteria mixed liquor is not included.
< comparative example 2>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mango is shown in example 1, wherein the difference is that the fertilization raw materials of the second root fertilizer in 2.2) are different, and specifically, bone meal, moso bamboo powder and calcium apatite are not included.
< comparative example 3>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes is shown in example 1, wherein the difference is that the first stage of the control-marketing foliar fertilizer in 2.3) is sprayed for different times, specifically once every 10 days.
< comparative example 4>
A method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes is shown in example 1, wherein the difference is that the spraying times of the second-stage catalytic flower-retention foliar fertilizer in 2.4) are different, and the method is specifically to spray the fertilizer once every 10 days.
< comparative experiment of apple cultivation method of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4>
In a mango planting base in the right river region of Bai color city in Guangxi, the climate, soil fertility, water content, pH value and terrain of the experimental base are the same, the planting years and tree terrain are similar, 9 groups are randomly divided, each group occupies 1 mu in examples 1-5, each group occupies 0.5 mu in comparative examples 1-4, and about 60 mango trees of late-maturing variety Tainong Ying are planted per mu. The flower bud differentiation of late-maturing varieties is usually 1-2 months, and the flower bud differentiation at this stage still remains influenced by early-spring polytropic climate, so that the flowering phase of the late-maturing varieties needs to be further delayed.
On each group divided by the base, the method of corresponding examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-4 is used for continuously cultivating and managing for 5 years aiming at the flowering stage differentiation, the cultivation and management modes of other periods are the same, and the mango trees at the first year of cultivation and management are the fruit trees planted for 5 years. The average individual plant yield, average individual plant early panicle emergence rate (early stage means in 1-3 months), average individual plant late stage panicle emergence rate (late stage means in 4-5 months), average individual plant panicle full-bloom time, average individual plant late stage emergence rate with leaf inflorescence and mu fruiting plant rate of each group of each year were measured, and the results are shown in tables 1 to 5. Wherein the flower spike emergence rate is [ the number of flower spikes (the number of terminal buds + the number of lateral buds) ] × 100%.
Table 1: first year of measurement and calculation of results
Table 2: the second year of measurement and calculation
Table 3: the third year of measurement and calculation of the results
Table 4: the fourth year of measurement and calculation
Table 5: result of measurement in the fifth year
Long-term cultivation statistics from table 1 to table 5 show:
< example 1> by applying a second root fertilizer to a part of mango root systems cut off in 12 months, the mixed liquid of cytokinin-producing bacteria of the second root fertilizer is rich in streptomyces jingyangensis and CTK in a stable period, root system restoration is facilitated, the streptomyces jingyangensis in vigorous growth is enabled to grow in an enrichment mode under the condition that a soil gap structure is constructed by moso bamboo powder, calcium apatite and bone powder to form endophytic bacteria in roots, the endophytic bacteria are planted in the roots and metabolized to generate active compounds such as zeatin and indole hormones, the growth center of a tree body is continuously promoted to be transferred to the root system growth of an underground part, flower bud extraction is controlled, meanwhile, a foliar fertilizer for controlling the flower buds is sprayed in the phase, the nutritional requirements of nutrient growth of the overground part are met, new buds and flower bud extraction are reduced, and the tree body is kept in a growth state of nutrient storage in a flower period and a fruit period. In the second stage, the weather is stable, the growth of the newly born root system is aged and the nutrients are sufficient by reducing the concentration of the foliar fertilizer and removing the control effect of paclobutrazol, the growth center of the tree body is transferred to the growth of the top shoots, flowers and fruits, the differentiation and the sprouting of flower buds are promoted, the flowering period is effectively delayed, the influence of early spring variable weather is avoided, the labor amount of removing the flower spikes is reduced, the method for delaying flowering and fruit setting has no damage to the tree body, and the good growth situation can be maintained for several years continuously.
< example 2> by using conventional cytokinins, the duration of root growth of the part of a tree body growth center transferred to the underground part is short, the late-stage cost control effect is poor, the early-stage spica is more extracted, and the labor amount of manually removing the spica is large; and may be influenced by factors such as early climate, root nutrient storage and early panicle loss, and the yield is lower than that of the embodiment 1.
< example 3> by using another conventional cytokinin, the duration of root growth when the tree growth center is transferred to the underground part is short, the late control and marketing effect is poor, the number of rosette sprouts at the early stage is large, and the labor amount for manually removing the rosette is large.
< example 4> on the basis of example 1, the mango crown was irradiated intermittently with far-red light at night, so that the mango flowering was suppressed and the flowering period was further delayed.
< example 5> on the basis of example 2, the mango crown was irradiated intermittently with far-red light at night, so that the mango flowering was suppressed and the flowering phase was delayed by about one week. The grower can choose to add far-red light intermittent irradiation according to climate forecast and delay requirements, and the effect of further delaying the flowering period of the mangoes is achieved.
< comparative example 1> the mixed solution of cytokinin-producing bacteria is not included in the secondary root fertilizer, which not only affects the root system repair, but also causes the slow root system growth of the part of the tree body growth center transferred to the underground, the late control and marketing effect is poor, the early spica is more extracted, and the labor amount for manually removing the spica is large.
< comparative example 2> the second root fertilizer does not contain bone meal, moso bamboo powder and calcium apatite, which affects the Jingyang streptomycete to form endogenetic bacteria in root system, the duration of root system growth of the part of the tree body growth center transferred to the underground is short, the later period cost control effect is poor, the early period spica is more extracted, and the labor amount of manually removing the spica is large.
And in the first stage, the spraying frequency of the foliar fertilizer is not adjusted according to different temperatures, so that the early-stage flowering spikes are more in some years due to early temperature warming or variable weather, and the labor amount for manually picking the flowering spikes is large.
And in the second stage, the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer are not adjusted according to different temperatures, so that more flowers with leaves are produced in some years due to early temperature rewarming or variable weather, and the labor amount and difficulty of manual removal are increased.
The method for delaying the flowering period of the mangoes reduces the labor amount for manually removing the flower spikes, does not damage tree bodies, and can still keep good growth situation and yield for continuous years.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method of delaying the flowering of mangoes, comprising:
pruning branches and leaves after fruit picking is finished every year, and reserving fruit bearing mother branches;
the fertilizing method comprises the following steps of applying root fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the root fertilizer application comprises the steps of applying a first root fertilizer after fruit picking is finished every year, applying a second root fertilizer 12 months per year, and cutting off part of mango root systems when the second root fertilizer is applied; the spraying of the foliar fertilizer comprises spraying of a foliar fertilizer for controlling the growth of the leaves in the first stage and spraying of a foliar fertilizer for promoting the growth of flowers and preserving the flowers in the second stage; spraying the foliar fertilizer for controlling the foliar fertilizer for 1 to 5 times in the first stage from 12 months to 2 months; and in the second stage, spraying the flower-forcing and flower-keeping foliar fertilizer for 3-4 times per month until the flower spikes wither.
2. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes according to claim 1, wherein the first root fertilizer is applied in an amount to yield: 1-1.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.5-0.8 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.8-1.2 kg of potassium fertilizer and 25-50 kg of organic fertilizer are applied to each 100 kg of plants, an annular or semi-annular groove is dug under a crown at a distance of 1-1.5 m from the base of a tree head in an annular groove fertilizing mode, the width is 15-20 cm, and soil is covered after the fertilizer is uniformly applied.
3. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes as claimed in claim 2, wherein the amount of root fertilizer applied for the second time is 1.0-2.0 kg of mixed solution of cytokinin-producing bacteria, 0.5-0.8 kg of bone meal, 0.5-1.0 kg of moso bamboo powder, 0.5-1.0 kg of calcium apatite, 20-30 kg of organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.0 kg of nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer, wherein N, P, K of nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer is 5-10: 15-20: 20-30; the fertilizing method is that the distance between the root of the tree head and the base of the tree head is 0.5-2.0 meters, the depth of turning is 20-35 centimeters, part of mango root systems are cut off, then root fertilizers are evenly scattered into the turning soil, and weeds or straws are paved after turning is even.
4. The method for delaying the flowering phase of mangos as claimed in claim 3, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting 20-30 parts by mass of grass peat, 30-40 parts by mass of livestock and poultry manure, 0.01 part by mass of bacillus subtilis, 0.01 part by mass of protease and 0.01 part by mass of cellulase at 60-70 ℃ for 10-15 days.
5. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes according to claim 4, wherein the first-stage foliar fertilizer spraying is specifically as follows: the foliar fertilizer is prepared from 95 parts by mass of raw material waste honey liquid, 4 parts by mass of amino acid, 1.1 parts by mass of choline chloride, 0.6 parts by mass of yeast, 0.3 parts by mass of enzyme microorganism, 1.2 parts by mass of urea, 8 parts by mass of goat horn ash and 12 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol, and after diluting by 150 times, paclobutrazol is added, wherein the concentration of the added paclobutrazol in the mixed liquid is 100-200ppm, and the mixture is sprayed to the foliage of a leaf for dripping.
6. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes according to claim 5, wherein the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer for controlling the first stage are specifically as follows: if the average daytime temperature in the week is 3-10 ℃, spraying once every 3 weeks; if the temperature in the daytime of the weekly average is 11-17 ℃, spraying the pesticide once every 10 days; the temperature in the daytime is 18-23 ℃ in week average, and the spraying is carried out once every 6 days; the weekly average daytime temperature is 24-30 ℃, and the spraying is carried out once every 2 weeks.
7. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes according to claim 6, wherein the spraying of the flower forcing and flower keeping foliar fertilizer at the second stage is specifically as follows: the foliar fertilizer is prepared from 95 parts by mass of raw material waste honey liquid, 4 parts by mass of amino acid, 1.1 parts by mass of choline chloride, 0.6 part by mass of yeast, 0.3 part by mass of enzyme bacteria, 1.2 parts by mass of urea, 8 parts by mass of goat horn ash and 12 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol, and is sprayed to the leaf surface for dripping after being diluted by 200 times; during the second stage, the soil water content was maintained at 55-65%.
8. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes according to claim 7, wherein the spraying times of the foliar fertilizer for promoting and preserving flowering in the second stage are specifically as follows: if the temperature in the daytime of the weekly average is 23-28 ℃, spraying the pesticide once every 10 days; if the average daytime temperature in the week is 29-33 ℃, the spraying is carried out once per week.
9. The method for delaying the flowering period of mangos as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising intermittently irradiating the crown with far red light at night in the second stage, wherein the wavelength of the far red light is 700-750 nm, the irradiation starts from 1h after entering the dark until 1h after day-light, and the irradiation intensity of the intermittently irradiated far red light is 5 μmol/m2/s。
10. Method for delaying the flowering period of mangoes according to claim 9, characterized in that the intermittent irradiation of far-red light is in particular: the far-red LED lamp beads are hung above the tree crown, light is limited by the reflector to irradiate the tree crown, and the controller controls the interruption frequency.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210445234.1A CN114600704A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Method for delaying flowering period of mangos |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210445234.1A CN114600704A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Method for delaying flowering period of mangos |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114600704A true CN114600704A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
Family
ID=81870268
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210445234.1A Pending CN114600704A (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Method for delaying flowering period of mangos |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114600704A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733942A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-23 | 广西百色市现代农业技术研究推广中心 | Method for delaying harvest time of No. 82 Guangxi Tropical Mango |
| CN104429671A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 云南农业大学 | Mango tree florescence postponing method |
| CN104885803A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 田东县八闽农业综合开发有限公司 | Method capable of promoting foison and delaying harvesting for mango |
| CN105110868A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-02 | 南宁宇益源农业科技发展有限公司 | Green environment-friendly leaf fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
| CN108990662A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-14 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of anti-season mountainous region mango |
| CN111373940A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-07 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | Method for inhibiting stevia rebaudiana seedlings from flowering by LED lamp illumination regulation |
| CN112205230A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Support-free and sun burn-resistant cultivation method for citrus spring shoot fruiting |
| CN112243780A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 广西宇花灵科技发展有限公司 | Citrus plant cell sap concentration regulation and control girdling-free cultivation method |
-
2022
- 2022-04-26 CN CN202210445234.1A patent/CN114600704A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733942A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-23 | 广西百色市现代农业技术研究推广中心 | Method for delaying harvest time of No. 82 Guangxi Tropical Mango |
| CN104429671A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-25 | 云南农业大学 | Mango tree florescence postponing method |
| CN104885803A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 田东县八闽农业综合开发有限公司 | Method capable of promoting foison and delaying harvesting for mango |
| CN105110868A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-02 | 南宁宇益源农业科技发展有限公司 | Green environment-friendly leaf fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
| CN108990662A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-14 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of anti-season mountainous region mango |
| CN111373940A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-07 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | Method for inhibiting stevia rebaudiana seedlings from flowering by LED lamp illumination regulation |
| CN112205230A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Support-free and sun burn-resistant cultivation method for citrus spring shoot fruiting |
| CN112243780A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 广西宇花灵科技发展有限公司 | Citrus plant cell sap concentration regulation and control girdling-free cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 建德峰等: "园林苗圃学", vol. 1, 延边大学出版社, pages: 30 * |
| 曾令达等: "四季蜜芒矮化栽培及反季节结果管理技术", 《惠州学院学报》 * |
| 曾令达等: "四季蜜芒矮化栽培及反季节结果管理技术", 《惠州学院学报》, no. 06, 28 December 2016 (2016-12-28), pages 62 - 65 * |
| 王建荣等: "台农1号芒果反季节栽培技术", 《中国热带农业》, no. 04, 10 August 2006 (2006-08-10), pages 55 - 57 * |
| 裴保华: "《植物生理学》", vol. 1, 31 December 2006, 中国林业出版社, pages: 235 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106233908B (en) | Water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method for apples | |
| CN101904286A (en) | Method for growing blueberry | |
| CN112205229B (en) | Efficient cost-saving citrus cultivation method | |
| CN108901286B (en) | Fertilizing method for preventing and controlling premature senility of juicy peach trees | |
| CN109380069B (en) | Tomato planting method | |
| CN112243780B (en) | Method for culturing citrus plant cell sap with concentration regulation and control and without girdling | |
| CN112205230B (en) | Support-free and anti-sunburn cultivation method for spring fruiting of citrus | |
| CN114208576B (en) | Bougainvillea spectabilis flower control method | |
| CN109699388A (en) | A kind of cultural method of high-quality grape | |
| CN110100519B (en) | Fertilizing method for improving soil property and increasing vitamin C and protein content of capsicum | |
| CN113412754B (en) | Planting method for preventing and treating open-day fruit cracking | |
| CN114258828A (en) | Planting method for high-yield selenium-enriched rice | |
| CN111820086B (en) | Method for cultivating plateau multi-flower-bud strawberry seedlings | |
| CN111133962A (en) | Cultivation method for increasing fruit setting amount of pod peppers | |
| CN114600704A (en) | Method for delaying flowering period of mangos | |
| JPH08157317A (en) | Method for enhancing drought resistance or salt tolerance of plant | |
| CN111727802A (en) | Novel cultivation method of Chinese toon sprouts | |
| CN112931085A (en) | Planting method of selenium-rich tomatoes | |
| CN105815094A (en) | Greenhouse spinach planting method | |
| CN111011123A (en) | High-yield cultivation method capable of increasing solid content of pitaya | |
| CN108812034A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of flame tree | |
| LU506423B1 (en) | Method of reducing fertilizer and improving quality and efficiency in peach orchards with three settings, one stable, two adjustments and two guarantees | |
| CN115088544B (en) | Branch tip promotion and control method for improving cold resistance of citrus | |
| CN113057080B (en) | High-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes | |
| CN106538199A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of mountain fern dish |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220610 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |