CN114576118A - A solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photothermal technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar chimney power generation system combined with a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology, wherein chimneys are distributed perpendicular to the ground and used for fully utilizing a vertical space caused by the height of the chimneys and obtaining the maximum illumination utilization rate of a vertical face; the plurality of solar photovoltaic modules are arranged on the vertical surface of the chimney and used for absorbing solar radiation and generating electric power. The heat collecting shed is provided with a heat collecting through hole in the center, the lower end of the chimney is arranged on the heat collecting through hole, the chimney is communicated with the heat collecting through hole, and the heat collecting shed is positioned above the heat absorbing layer; the heat collecting shed is used for absorbing the radiation of the sun, so that the temperature of air below the heat collecting shed is increased, the radiation energy of the sun is transferred to the heat absorbing layer, and the air in the chimney is driven to flow; the heat absorption layer is used for storing heat and releasing the heat of the heat absorption layer at night, so that the temperature of air above the heat absorption layer and the temperature of the heat collecting shed are increased, and the air in the chimney is driven to flow. The invention realizes uninterrupted power supply for 4 hours and utilizes solar energy to generate electric energy to the maximum extent.

Description

A solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photothermal technology

technical field

The invention relates to a solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photothermal technology, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solar energy and building energy saving.

Background technique

On the one hand, the global energy crisis has become a reality that every country in the world must face. The development of kerosene-based power not only faces enormous pressure on the ecological environment, but also faces limited resource reserves. The new energy solution, among which the solar chimney power generation technology has problems such as small power generation, low power generation efficiency and low energy utilization rate. Also, the solar chimney has a huge chimney façade that is not being used.

On the other hand, in the context of the continuous rapid growth of social electricity consumption throughout the year and the increasingly tight electricity supply and demand, the load of various local power grids has reached a record high. The supply and demand of electricity is extremely tight, especially for cities with a low economic level, which has had a non-negligible impact on their economic activities, and some areas have taken measures to use electricity in an orderly manner. The development of this technology in China has great geographical advantages. The western region of my country has abundant land resources, is sparsely populated and has abundant sunshine. It is an ideal place to build photovoltaic solar thermal solar chimneys, which has a great impact on local electricity consumption and economy. change.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art. According to some disadvantages of the traditional solar chimney, such as low power generation in heating seasons, low power generation efficiency, and difficulty in running power generation in non-heating seasons, the present invention proposes a solar chimney that can maximize power generation. The integrated chimney using solar energy can effectively maximize the power generation and the utilization of solar radiation during the heating season. The invention effectively utilizes the area of the chimney façade, and lays photovoltaic modules on the huge façade and the upper part of the heat collecting shed.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photothermal technology, comprising:

The chimney, distributed perpendicular to the ground, is used to make full use of the vertical space brought by the height of the chimney to obtain the maximum light utilization rate of the facade;

Multiple solar photovoltaic modules, installed on the chimney facade, absorb solar radiation and generate electricity.

Preferably, a heat collecting shed and a heat absorbing layer are included, a heat collecting through hole is set in the center of the heat collecting shed, the lower end of the chimney is installed on the heat collecting through hole, the chimney is connected with the heat collecting through hole, and the heat collecting shed is located above the heat absorbing layer;

The heat collecting shed is used to absorb the radiation of the sun, increase the temperature of the air below itself, transfer the radiation energy of the sun to the heat absorption layer, and drive the air flow in the chimney;

The heat absorbing layer is used to store heat and release its own heat at night, so that the temperature of the air above itself and the temperature of the heat collecting shed increases, which drives the air flow in the chimney.

Preferably, a wind turbine mechanism is included, and the wind turbine mechanism is installed between the chimney and the heat collecting shed, and is used to generate electricity when the air in the chimney flows.

Preferably, the glass cover plate is included, the glass cover plate is installed on the upper surface of the heat collecting shed, the gap between the glass cover plate and the heat collecting shed forms a closed air layer, and the solar photovoltaic module converts solar radiation into heat and then transfers it to the closed air layer , to achieve heat preservation, there is a certain temperature difference between the air in the airtight air layer and the air in the chimney, and the hot air flow formed by the height of the chimney drives the wind turbine to generate electricity.

Preferably, a plurality of second solar photovoltaic modules are included, and the second solar photovoltaic modules are installed in the confined air layer.

Preferably, a fan is included, and the fan is installed between the heat-collecting shed and the heat-absorbing layer, and is used to accelerate the transfer of the heat stored in the heat-absorbing layer to the heat-collecting shed and the air-tight air layer, so as to speed up the air flow in the chimney.

Preferably, the wind turbine mechanism includes a generator and a wind turbine, and the wind turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the generator.

The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention:

1. Aiming at the problem of small power generation of traditional solar chimneys, the present invention proposes an active heating system that combines photovoltaics and solar chimneys, which can achieve 24-hour uninterrupted power supply, and can maximize the use of solar energy and maximize the use of solar energy. It can generate electric energy, realize the full utilization of electric energy, and achieve the purpose of saving energy.

2. In the heat-absorbing material of the present invention, the heat-absorbing layer releases heat to make the air temperature in the heat-collecting shed rise, so that the air temperature in the heat-collecting shed reaches 30-60°C, which effectively solves the problem of people's use of electricity for heating at night. Need, has good marketing value.

3. The heat collecting shed is used to absorb the radiation of the sun, increase the temperature of the air below itself, transfer the radiation energy of the sun to the heat absorption layer, and drive the air flow in the chimney;

The heat-absorbing layer is used to store heat and release its own heat at night, so that the temperature of the air above itself and the temperature of the heat collecting shed increase, and the air flow in the chimney is driven;

The solar photovoltaic module converts solar radiation into heat and then transfers it to the airtight air layer to achieve heat preservation. There is a certain temperature difference between the air in the airtight air layer and the air in the chimney, and the hot air flow formed by the height of the chimney drives the wind turbine to generate electricity;

The fan accelerates the transfer of the heat stored in the heat absorption layer to the heat collection shed and the airtight air layer, and accelerates the air flow in the chimney.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the present invention working during the day;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention working at night.

Detailed ways

The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

A solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photothermal technology, comprising a chimney 1, a heat collecting shed 2, a heat absorbing layer 3, a wind turbine mechanism 4, a solar photovoltaic module 5, a glass cover 6, and a closed air layer 7 , the second solar photovoltaic module and the fan 8, through the heat absorption layer on the ground to achieve different modes of work, wherein the solar chimney system includes a chimney 1, a heat collection shed 2 and a wind turbine mechanism 4; the solar photovoltaic module 5 includes a photovoltaic material, which can store heat in the interlayer, and excess heat and solar radiation enter the heat collecting shed 2 and the heat absorbing layer 3 to realize the hierarchical utilization of energy. The entire photovoltaic device is composed of multiple solar photovoltaic modules 5. The hot air is stored in the airtight air layer 7 of the glass cover 6; the heat-absorbing layer 3 can maximize energy utilization, store it when the solar radiation is sufficient, release heat at night, and the system is highly reliable.

Using the solar chimney-photovoltaic mode, the solar chimney system and the solar photovoltaic equipment work together, and the power generation is the sum of the two, which can meet the daily electricity consumption of the user during the day. The thermal layer 3 absorbs a part of the heat and stores it in the heat-absorbing layer 3 on the ground.

When there is no solar radiation at night, sufficient solar radiation illuminates the heat-collecting shed 2 during the day, the temperature of the heat-collecting shed 2 rises, and the heat is transferred to the heat-absorbing layer 3 on the ground, and a large amount of heat is stored in the heat-absorbing layer 3; When there is no solar radiation at night, the temperature of the collector shed 2 decreases. At this time, the heat is transferred from the heat-absorbing layer 3 to the heat-collecting shed 2. The solar chimney 1 works alone, using the solar chimney-heat-absorbing layer model. The power generation device can meet the demand for electricity at night.

In the daytime when the amount of solar radiation is small, compared with the traditional solar chimney, a part of the power generation of the system can be increased by photovoltaics, so that it can meet people's electricity demand on cloudy days, and the whole process uses non-polluting solar energy. , make full use of solar energy.

The chimney 1 is mainly composed of thermal insulation materials, usually glass wool thermal insulation materials, mineral (rock) wool thermal insulation materials or some composite thermal insulation materials.

The main function of the heat collecting shed 2 is to absorb the radiation of the sun, increase the temperature of the air below, form the air flow in the chimney, and also transfer the radiant energy of the sun to the heat absorption layer 3 and the airtight air layer 7 .

The heat absorbing layer 3 is composed of a heat storage material, which is used to store heat and release the heat at night to realize power supply at night.

Wind Turbine Mechanism 4 This wind power plant comprises a generator arranged in a cabin, and a wind turbine with at least one rotor blade.

The solar photovoltaic module 5 is a commercially available solar poly/monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell with a standard power generation efficiency of 20-30%.

The glass cover plate 6 is white glass with a transmittance of more than 90% in the sunlight wavelength band.

The airtight air layer 7 uses the air interlayer as the "insulation material", which has high thermal insulation efficiency, light weight and low cost. Its design is based on the principle of low air thermal conductivity in physics.

The fan 8 is installed in the heat collecting shed 2, and transfers the heat stored in the heat absorption layer 3 to the heat collecting shed 2 again, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

The present invention can fully utilize the heat of solar energy to realize functions such as energy saving, and can utilize the heat in the heat absorbing layer 3 at night to effectively solve the shortage of electric energy resources and ensure people's electricity consumption.

The chimney 1, the heat collecting shed 2, the heat absorbing layer 3, the wind turbine mechanism 4, the solar photovoltaic module 5, the glass cover 6, the airtight air layer 7, the second solar photovoltaic module and the fan 8 are available in the prior art. There are many models used, and those skilled in the art can select an appropriate model according to actual needs, and this embodiment will not give examples one by one.

The invention analyzes the technology and characteristics of solar photovoltaic photothermal (PV/T) comprehensive utilization technology and solar chimney thermal airflow power generation technology, and proposes a comprehensive power generation system that organically combines the two. The heat comprehensive utilization system is organically integrated on one device, which increases the power generation efficiency and maximizes the power generation efficiency. The system is composed of a chimney 1, a heat collecting shed 2, a heat absorption layer 3, a wind turbine mechanism 4, a solar photovoltaic module 5, a glass cover 6, a closed air layer 7 and a fan 8. Under the action of solar radiation, the solar photovoltaic module 5 absorbs part of the solar radiation to generate electricity. At the same time, the airtight air layer 7 above the solar photovoltaic module 6 has a certain thermal insulation effect. The solar photovoltaic module 5 converts the solar radiation into heat and transmits it to the heat collecting shed 2. There is a certain temperature difference between the air in the chimney 1 and the air in the chimney 1, plus the height of the chimney 1, the hot air flow formed drives the generator in the wind turbine mechanism 4 to generate electricity; the solar photovoltaic module 5 has a certain coverage, and some The solar radiation directly irradiates the heat-absorbing layer 3 on the ground and is stored as thermal energy. At night, the heat stored in the heat-absorbing layer 3 is slowly dissipated, and supplemented by natural wind, the wind turbine mechanism 4 is driven to generate electricity. The solar chimney power generation system combined with the solar photovoltaic photothermal technology has a simple structure, and the application of the solar photovoltaic power generation technology to the surface of the solar chimney can make full use of the vertical space brought by the height of the chimney, and have the maximum façade light utilization rate , realize the combination of photovoltaic power generation technology and chimney power generation technology, and effectively increase the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the system; at the same time, it is convenient to operate and maintain, and wind power can also be realized at night through the dual effects of heat storage and natural wind in the collector shed 2. day to generate electricity. The system proposed by the present invention has great utilization value for simple power generation scenarios in remote areas, relatively lack of resources, and large-scale public buildings.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A solar chimney power generation system combined with a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology is characterized by comprising:

the chimney (1) is distributed perpendicular to the ground and is used for fully utilizing the vertical space caused by the height of the chimney (1) to obtain the maximum illumination utilization rate of the vertical face;

the solar photovoltaic modules (5) are installed on the vertical face of the chimney (1) and used for absorbing solar radiation and generating electric power.

2. The solar chimney power generation system combined with the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a heat collecting shed (2) and a heat absorbing layer (3), wherein the heat collecting shed (2) is provided with a heat collecting through hole in the center, the lower end of the chimney (1) is installed on the heat collecting through hole, the chimney (1) is communicated with the heat collecting through hole, and the heat collecting shed (2) is positioned above the heat absorbing layer (3);

the heat collecting shed (2) is used for absorbing solar radiation, so that the temperature of air below the heat collecting shed is increased, the solar radiation energy is transferred to the heat absorbing layer (3), and the air in the chimney (1) is driven to flow;

the heat absorption layer (3) is used for storing heat and releasing the heat per se at night, so that the temperature of air above the heat absorption layer and the temperature of the heat collection shed (2) are increased, and the air in the chimney (1) is driven to flow.

3. The solar chimney power generation system combined with the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology according to claim 2, characterized by comprising a wind turbine mechanism (4), wherein the wind turbine mechanism (4) is installed between the chimney (1) and the heat collecting shed (2) and is used for generating power when air in the chimney (1) flows.

4. The solar chimney power generation system combined with the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology according to claim 2, characterized by comprising a glass cover plate (6), wherein the glass cover plate (6) is installed on the upper surface of the heat collection shed (2), a gap between the glass cover plate (6) and the heat collection shed (2) forms a sealed air layer (7), the solar photovoltaic module (5) converts solar radiation into heat and then transfers the heat to the sealed air layer (7) to realize heat preservation, a certain temperature difference exists between air in the sealed air layer (7) and air in the chimney (1), and a hot air flow formed by the height of the chimney (1) is used for driving the wind turbine mechanism (4) to generate power.

5. A solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology according to claim 4, characterized by comprising a plurality of second solar photovoltaic modules, which are installed in a closed air layer (7).

6. A solar chimney power generation system combined with solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology according to claim 5, characterized by comprising a fan (8), wherein the fan (8) is installed between the heat collection shed (2) and the heat absorption layer (3) for accelerating the heat stored in the heat absorption layer (3) to be transferred to the heat collection shed (2) and the closed air layer (7) and accelerating the air flow in the chimney (1).

7. The solar chimney power generation system combined with the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal technology according to claim 3, wherein the wind turbine mechanism (4) comprises a generator and a wind turbine, and the wind turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected with the input end of the generator.

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