CN114543611B - Step shaft part measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Step shaft part measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114543611B CN114543611B CN202210214064.6A CN202210214064A CN114543611B CN 114543611 B CN114543611 B CN 114543611B CN 202210214064 A CN202210214064 A CN 202210214064A CN 114543611 B CN114543611 B CN 114543611B
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- step shaft
- type universal
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- measuring tool
- length measuring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/22—Feeler-pin gauges, e.g. dial gauges
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for a step shaft type part, wherein the measuring device comprises a gauge type universal length measuring tool and a base, the base comprises a gauge mounting part and a part inserting part, which are coaxially arranged at intervals, the gauge mounting part is used for fixing a shaft sleeve of the gauge type universal length measuring tool, and the part inserting part is provided with a joint surface which is matched with a step surface of the step shaft type part; after the step shaft part is inserted in place, the step surface is attached to the attaching surface, and a measuring head of the gauge type universal length measuring tool is abutted to the end surface of the step shaft part; and comparing the measurement reading displayed by the gauge type universal length measurement tool with the comparison reading, and if the measurement reading is consistent with the comparison reading, the step shaft part is qualified, otherwise, the step shaft part is unqualified. The part inserting part is provided with the fitting surface which is matched with the step surface, so that the step shaft part can be inserted in place, the influence of the step surface curved surface shape on the length measurement is eliminated, and the accuracy of the measurement result is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring tools, in particular to a measuring device and a measuring method for step shaft parts.
Background
For the step shaft parts, particularly for the step shaft parts with small plane and large curved surface at the step surface, as shown in fig. 1, the step surface of the parts is small, and the curved surface at the step is large. In this case, when the distance between the step surface and the end surface is measured, problems such as inconvenience, large error, high cost, long time consumption and the like often occur.
The existing measurement methods generally have the following 3 types: 1) And the vernier caliper is used for measuring, and the step plane is small, so that the curved surface at the step is large, the perpendicularity of the vernier caliper relative to the step surface is difficult to ensure during the vernier caliper measurement, and the vernier caliper is easy to incline, so that obvious errors are caused. When the part is clamped on a lathe for measurement, the part is limited by the space of the lathe and the holding posture of the vernier caliper, so that the problems of inconvenient measurement and the like exist. 2) The three-coordinate measuring machine is used for measuring, and the characteristics of high production density and the like of the three-coordinate measuring machine are that the three-coordinate measuring machine is expensive in equipment, and the production is not practical. Because of the characteristics of the equipment, the part is required to be placed on a measuring table for dotting, the numerical values of a plurality of points of two end surfaces to be measured at three coordinate positions in space are obtained, and then the distance between the two end surfaces is obtained by a mathematical calculation method. The statistics of the actual production process show that the time spent measuring 1 test part similar to the test part in fig. 1 is about 1min, which is long, has high cost and can not be measured on a lathe. 3) The numerical control machine tool is matched with a dial indicator for measurement, when a part is clamped on a lathe, the dial indicator is installed and adjusted at a proper position of the machine tool, after the dial indicator is arranged on the end face 1, the hand lathe moves an X-axis, so that the dial indicator is arranged on a step face, and when the number of the two-time dial indicators is consistent, the hand rotation number is calculated to calculate the distance between two end faces. The actual production statistics show that the method takes about 4 minutes to measure 1 part similar to the test part of fig. 1, and is longer in time and high in cost.
Of course, there are many measuring tools based on optical principles, such as image processing-based measuring devices, and measuring devices based on multi-wavelength decimal-fold measuring principles, but all have the problem of high cost. In the prior art, some tooling tools designed for measuring the length of shaft parts exist, for example, chinese patent application publication No. CN106247896a discloses a gauge and a method for measuring the maximum and minimum values of the shaft length of the middle step shaft of a step shaft. For another example, in the prior art, the length dimension quick measuring device for the small step shaft product disclosed in the chinese patent with the grant publication number CN201715982U, the length straight line measuring tool device for the step shaft disclosed in the chinese patent with the grant publication number CN211317198U, and the like, the step shaft part with a larger curved surface at the step position is not improved, the measuring result error is large, and the accuracy is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a measuring device and a measuring method for step shaft parts, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, and the end face of the step shaft parts is abutted with a measuring head of a gauge-type universal length measuring tool and pushed to move so as to measure the length between the end face and the step face by inserting the step shaft parts into a part inserting part of a base.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a step shaft part measuring device which comprises a gauge type universal length measuring tool and a base, wherein the base comprises a gauge mounting part and a part inserting part which are coaxially arranged at intervals, the gauge mounting part is used for fixing a shaft sleeve of the gauge type universal length measuring tool, and the part inserting part is provided with an attaching surface which is matched with a step surface of a step shaft part; after the step shaft part is inserted in place, the step surface is attached to the attaching surface, and a measuring head of the gauge type universal length measuring tool is abutted to the end surface of the step shaft part; and comparing the measurement reading displayed by the gauge type universal length measurement tool with the comparison reading, and if the measurement reading is consistent with the comparison reading, the step shaft part is qualified, otherwise, the step shaft part is unqualified.
Preferably, the gauge type universal length measuring tool is mounted on the gauge mounting portion through a gauge clamp, the gauge clamp comprises a clamping end and a fixing end which are axially arranged, the clamping end is used for clamping the gauge type universal length measuring tool, and the fixing end is mounted in the gauge mounting portion.
Preferably, the clamping end comprises an arc-shaped clamping piece and a screw which is in threaded connection with the arc-shaped clamping piece to realize clamping.
Preferably, the watch mounting part includes a stepped bore, a reamer section of which is in close fit with an outer diameter of the fixed end.
Preferably, the part insertion portion includes a counterbore, and an inner diameter of the counterbore is closely matched with an outer diameter of the step shaft type part.
Preferably, the shrinkage section of the step hole is communicated with the counter bore to form a through hole penetrating through the base.
Preferably, the base comprises a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end at two ends of the base, the large-diameter end is provided with the counter bore, and the small-diameter end is provided with the step hole.
Preferably, the gauge type universal length measuring tool adopts a dial indicator or a dial indicator.
The invention also provides a measuring method of the step shaft part, which comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a test standard sample according to the technical requirements of the step shaft type part to be tested;
manufacturing a base according to a test standard sample, wherein the base comprises a surface mounting part and a part inserting part, and the part inserting part is provided with an attaching surface which is matched with the step surface of the step shaft part;
installing and fixing a gauge type universal length measuring tool in the gauge installation part, inserting a test standard sample into the part insertion part, and tightly attaching the step surface and the attaching surface, wherein the gauge type universal length measuring tool displays a comparison reading at the moment;
the step shaft type part is inserted into the part insertion part, the step surface is tightly attached to the attaching surface, and at the moment, the gauge type universal length measuring tool displays measurement readings;
judging whether the step shaft type part is qualified or not, if the measured reading is consistent with the comparison reading, judging that the step shaft type part is qualified, and if the measured reading is inconsistent with the comparison reading, judging that the step shaft type part is unqualified.
Preferably, the control reading is set to 0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) According to the invention, the step shaft part is inserted into the part inserting part of the base, so that the end face of the step shaft part is abutted with the measuring head of the gauge-type universal length measuring tool and pushed to move so as to realize the measurement of the length between the end face and the step face;
(2) According to the invention, after the step shaft part to be measured is inserted in place, whether the step shaft part is qualified or not can be immediately judged, the operation is simple and convenient, the measurement efficiency can be greatly improved compared with the existing measurement scheme, and the measurement time consumption is reduced; in addition, the invention can also be sleeved and measured on the step shaft parts fixed on the machine tool during application, so that the time and operation steps for disassembling and clamping the step shaft parts are saved;
(3) The clamping end for clamping the gauge type universal length measuring tool comprises the arc-shaped clamping piece, and the arc-shaped clamping piece can clamp or loosen the gauge type universal length measuring tool by rotating the screw, so that measuring instruments with different precision can be conveniently adjusted or replaced; besides the independent manufacture of the base, other parts can be standard parts, the structure is simple, the materials are easy to obtain, and the replaceability is strong; of course, the base can also be customized according to different measuring objects, so that the purpose of wide application is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a stepped shaft type part with a curved stepped surface;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a base of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the watch clip of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the preparation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a measurement flow chart of the present invention;
1, a gauge type universal length measuring tool; 11. a dial; 12. a shaft sleeve; 13. a measuring rod; 14. a measuring head; 2. a meter clamp; 21. a clamping end; 211. an arc-shaped clamping piece; 22. a fixed end; 3. a screw; 4. a base; 41. a watch mounting part; 411. a bonding surface; 42. a part insertion section; 5. step shaft parts; 51. a step surface; 52. an end face.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a measuring device and a measuring method for step shaft parts, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, and the end face of the step shaft parts is abutted with a measuring head of a surface type universal length measuring tool and pushed to move so as to measure the length between the end face and the step surface by inserting the step shaft parts into a part inserting part of a base.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a step shaft type part measuring device, which comprises a gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 and a base 4, wherein the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 is fixed on the base 4, and the step surface 51 and the end surface 52 of the step shaft type part 5 can be measured after the step shaft type part 5 is inserted in place. The gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 can select a dial indicator or a dial indicator and other gauges capable of converting axial displacement into reading display, and comprises a dial plate 11, a shaft sleeve 12 connected with the dial plate 11 and a measuring rod 13 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 12 and capable of sliding, and a measuring head 14 is arranged at the end part of the measuring rod 13. The base 4 includes a gauge mounting portion 41 and a part insertion portion 42 coaxially arranged at a spacing, and the gauge mounting portion 41 and the part insertion portion 42 may be two portions separately arranged and connected by a bracket or a connection structure to determine a positional relationship between the gauge mounting portion 41 and the part insertion portion 42; alternatively, the watch mounting part 41 and the part insertion part 42 may be two parts of an integral structure. The gauge mounting portion 41 is used to fix the sleeve 12 of the gauge-type universal length measuring tool 1, and the sleeve 12 can be inserted into the gauge mounting portion 41, and at this time, the measuring rod 13 and the measuring head 14 thereof face the direction of the component insertion portion 42. The part insertion part 42 is provided with a joint surface 411 which is matched with the step surface 51 of the step shaft part 5, and when the step shaft part 5 is inserted into the part insertion part 42 and is inserted in place, the step surface 51 is jointed with the joint surface 411, so that the position of the step surface 51 can be limited and used as a reference for length measurement; at this time, the measuring head 14 of the gauge-type universal length measuring tool 1 is brought into contact with the end face 52 of the stepped shaft-type part 5, and the measuring head 14 is pushed to retract toward the dial 11, and further, a measurement reading is displayed on the dial 11. Comparing the measurement reading displayed by the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 with the comparison reading, if the measurement reading is consistent with the comparison reading, the step shaft part 5 is qualified, otherwise, the step shaft part is unqualified. The control reading refers to a reading determined after the test standard is inserted into the part insertion portion 42 and passed through the position of the universal length measuring tool 1 of the debug table type. According to the invention, the step shaft part 5 is inserted into the part inserting part 42 of the base 4, so that the end face 52 of the step shaft part 5 is abutted against the measuring head 14 of the gauge-type universal length measuring tool 1 and pushed to move so as to measure the length between the end face 52 and the step surface 51, and the part inserting part 42 is provided with the fitting surface 411 which is matched with the step surface 51, so that the step shaft part 5 can be inserted in place, the influence of the curved surface shape of the step surface 51 on the length measurement is eliminated, and the accuracy of a measuring result is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2 to 3 and 5, the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 may be mounted on the gauge mounting portion 41 through the gauge clip 2, where the gauge clip 2 includes a clamping end 21 and a fixed end 22 that are axially disposed, the clamping end 21 is used for clamping the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1, a through hole of the socket sleeve 12 may be disposed, a screw 3 is disposed on a side wall of the through hole, the inserted sleeve 12 is fixed in the through hole through the screw 3, and other clamping modes may be adopted, generally, the gauge type universal length measuring tool is detachably fixed, and the position of the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 may be adjusted according to the actual measurement condition. The fixing end 22 may be inserted into the watch mounting part 41, and at this time, the watch mounting part 41 may be provided with a through hole for inserting the fixing end 22, and the fixing end 22 may be fixed by interference fit or by gluing.
The clamping end 21 of the meter clamp 2 can comprise two arc clamping pieces 211 which are connected with each other, the two arc clamping pieces 211 are provided with opposite clamping surfaces, the shaft sleeve 12 can be sleeved between the arc clamping pieces 211, the free end of one arc clamping piece 211 is provided with a through hole penetrating through the screw 3, the free end of the other arc clamping piece 211 is provided with a threaded mounting hole, the screw 3 penetrates through the through hole of one arc clamping piece 211 and then is connected in the threaded mounting hole of the other arc clamping piece 211 in a threaded manner, the clamping operation of the arc clamping piece 211 can be realized by screwing the screw 3, the shaft sleeve 12 can be disassembled after the screw 3 is loosened, and the position adjustment of the shaft sleeve 12 can be conveniently realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the surface mounting portion 41 of the base 4 includes a step hole into which the fixed end 22 of the surface clamp 2 can be inserted, and a reaming section of the step hole is tightly matched with the outer diameter of the fixed end 22 to effectively fix the surface clamp 2, and a shrinkage section of the step hole is used for passing through the measuring rod 13 and the measuring head 14 thereof, so that the measuring head 14 can be abutted against the measured step shaft part 5.
The part inserting portion 42 of the base 4 comprises a counter bore, the step shaft part 5 can be inserted into the counter bore, the inner diameter of the counter bore can be tightly matched with the outer diameter of the step shaft part 5, so that the step shaft part 5 cannot shake or deflect radially after being inserted into the counter bore, the position fixing precision of the step shaft part 5 after being inserted into place can be ensured, and finally the precision of a measuring result is ensured.
Further, the shrinkage cavity section of the stepped hole of the watch mounting part 41 may be communicated with the counter bore of the part insertion part 42, so that a through hole penetrating the base 4 can be formed, at this time, the base 4 may be of an integral structure, a through design is realized by digging the through hole in the middle, and the watch mounting part 41 and the part insertion part 42 are respectively formed at both ends of the base 4.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the base 4 may include a large diameter end and a small diameter end at both ends thereof, the large diameter end being provided with a counter bore for inserting the step shaft-like part 5, the small diameter end being provided with a step hole for mounting the gauge clip 2 of the fixed gauge-type universal length measuring tool 1. The large diameter end and the small diameter end are arranged in such a manner that the surface mounting portion 41 and the component insertion portion 42 of the base 4 can be distinguished conveniently, and reverse insertion is avoided during assembly. In addition, the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 is arranged at the small diameter end, so that the gauge clip 2 can be conveniently fixed, and particularly, the screwing and loosening operation of the screw 3 is avoided, and interference influence is avoided.
The gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 can be a dial gauge, a dial gauge or other precision gauges.
The invention also provides a measuring method for the step shaft parts, which is shown in fig. 1-5 and 6-7, wherein the measuring device can be applied to the measuring process, and comprises the following steps:
according to the technical requirements (size, tolerance, coaxiality and the like) of the step shaft part 5 to be measured, a test standard sample is manufactured, and a more accurate measurement scheme in the prior art can be adopted for size determination and measurement, so that negative factors such as measurement time and the like can be omitted.
According to the principle of the master model and the sub-model, the base 4 is sleeved outside the test standard sample as the sub-model by the aid of the principle of the master model and the sub-model, and the positions of the inner contour of the base 4 and the outer contour of the test standard sample matched with each other can be mutually attached, so that the accuracy of determining the position relationship between the test standard sample and the base 4 can be ensured. The base 4 includes a gauge mounting portion 41 for mounting the gauge-type universal-length measuring tool 1 and a part insertion portion 42, the part insertion portion 42 being for inserting the step shaft-like part 5, the part insertion portion 42 being provided with an attaching surface 411 which is fitted with the step surface 51 of the step shaft-like part 5, whereby the positional relationship between the step shaft-like part 5 and the base 4 can be further ensured.
The gauge-type universal length measuring tool 1 is mounted and fixed in the gauge mounting portion 41, the test standard sample is inserted into the part insertion portion 42, the step surface 51 is closely adhered to the adhering surface 411, and at this time, the reading displayed by the gauge-type universal length measuring tool 1 is used as a reference reading.
The test standard sample is taken out, the step shaft type part 5 is inserted into the part insertion portion 42, the step surface 51 is closely attached to the attaching surface 411, and at this time, the reading displayed by the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 is taken as the measurement reading.
And judging whether the step shaft part 5 is qualified or not through the comparison reading and the measurement reading, if the measurement reading is consistent with the comparison reading, the step shaft part is qualified, and if the measurement reading is inconsistent with the comparison reading, the step shaft part is unqualified.
After the test standard sample is inserted into the part inserting part 42, the reading of the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 can be debugged, the gauge type universal length measuring tool 1 can adopt a dial indicator or a dial indicator, the comparison reading can be set to 0 at the moment, no matter the length of the machined step shaft part 5 is larger than or smaller than the standard value, the reading of the dial 11 can be used for determining, the error range can be accurately determined, and therefore reliable data can be provided for the part reworking process.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a step axle class part measuring device which characterized in that: the meter type universal length measuring tool comprises a meter type universal length measuring tool and a base, wherein the base comprises a meter installation part and a part insertion part which are coaxially arranged at intervals, the meter installation part is used for fixing a shaft sleeve of the meter type universal length measuring tool, and the part insertion part is provided with an attaching surface which is matched with a step surface of a step shaft type part; after the step shaft part is inserted in place, the step surface is attached to the attaching surface, and a measuring head of the gauge type universal length measuring tool is abutted to the end surface of the step shaft part; comparing the measurement reading displayed by the gauge type universal length measuring tool with the comparison reading, if the measurement reading is consistent with the comparison reading, the step shaft part is qualified, otherwise, the step shaft part is unqualified;
the meter type universal length measuring tool is arranged on the meter installation part through a meter clamp, the meter clamp comprises a clamping end and a fixed end which are axially arranged, the clamping end is used for clamping the meter type universal length measuring tool, and the fixed end is arranged in the meter installation part;
the clamping end comprises an arc-shaped clamping piece and a screw which is in threaded connection with the arc-shaped clamping piece to realize clamping;
the shaft sleeve of the gauge type universal length measuring tool is arranged between the arc-shaped clamping pieces.
2. The step shaft-like part measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the surface mounting part comprises a step hole, and a reaming section of the step hole is tightly matched with the outer diameter of the fixed end.
3. The step shaft-like part measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the part inserting part comprises a counter bore, and the inner diameter of the counter bore is tightly matched with the outer diameter of the step shaft part.
4. A step shaft-like part measuring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: and the shrinkage cavity section of the step hole is communicated with the counter bore to form a through hole penetrating through the base.
5. The step shaft-like part measuring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the base comprises a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end which are positioned at two ends of the base, the large-diameter end is provided with the counter bore, and the small-diameter end is provided with the step hole.
6. The step shaft-like part measuring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the gauge type universal length measuring tool adopts a dial indicator or a dial indicator.
7. The measuring method for the step shaft parts is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
manufacturing a test standard sample according to the technical requirements of the step shaft type part to be tested;
manufacturing a base according to a test standard sample, wherein the base comprises a surface mounting part and a part inserting part, and the part inserting part is provided with an attaching surface which is matched with the step surface of the step shaft part;
installing and fixing a gauge type universal length measuring tool in the gauge installation part, inserting a test standard sample into the part insertion part, and tightly attaching the step surface and the attaching surface, wherein the gauge type universal length measuring tool displays a comparison reading at the moment;
the step shaft type part is inserted into the part insertion part, the step surface is tightly attached to the attaching surface, and at the moment, the gauge type universal length measuring tool displays measurement readings;
judging whether the step shaft type part is qualified or not, if the measured reading is consistent with the comparison reading, judging that the step shaft type part is qualified, and if the measured reading is inconsistent with the comparison reading, judging that the step shaft type part is unqualified.
8. The step shaft type part measurement method according to claim 7, wherein: the control reading is set to 0.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210214064.6A CN114543611B (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Step shaft part measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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| CN202210214064.6A CN114543611B (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Step shaft part measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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