CN114525801B - Multi-span height difference foundation slab structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-span height difference foundation slab structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114525801B CN114525801B CN202210084635.9A CN202210084635A CN114525801B CN 114525801 B CN114525801 B CN 114525801B CN 202210084635 A CN202210084635 A CN 202210084635A CN 114525801 B CN114525801 B CN 114525801B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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Abstract
A construction method of a multi-span height difference foundation slab structure comprises a first foundation slab, a second foundation slab, a third foundation slab, a fourth foundation slab and a fifth foundation slab; a first side wall is arranged between the second foundation bottom plate and the first foundation bottom plate, and the first side wall, the first foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate are integrally formed; a first basement outer wall and a second side wall are arranged between the third foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate; the second side wall and the second base bottom plate are integrally formed; a third side wall is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate and the first foundation bottom plate, and a fourth side wall is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate; the fourth foundation bottom plate, the fourth side wall and the second foundation bottom plate are integrally cast; a second basement outer wall and a fifth side wall are arranged between the fifth foundation bottom plate and the fourth foundation bottom plate; the fifth side wall and the fourth foundation bottom plate are integrally formed. The invention solves the technical problems of large hidden danger of water leakage and increased construction procedures of the foundation slab of the traditional foundation slab structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a construction method of a multi-span height difference foundation slab structure.
Background
The height difference of a common basement foundation bottom plate is small (within 2 m), construction is carried out according to a basement outer wall when the height of a basement structural layer is lower, the height-span construction process of the traditional foundation bottom plate is that a low-span foundation bottom plate is constructed firstly, then a low-span foundation bottom plate outer wall is constructed, outer wall waterproof heat-preservation backfill soil is constructed, brick moulding beds are built, finally a high-span foundation bottom plate is constructed, the waterproof and heat-preservation construction procedures of the foundation bottom plate and the outer wall are considered, the segmented construction of the foundation bottom plate is spanned according to the height, the construction procedures are increased, meanwhile, construction joints are kept in the foundation bottom plate, and the potential water leakage hazard of the foundation bottom plate is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a multi-span height difference foundation slab structure, and aims to solve the technical problems that the potential water leakage hazard of the foundation slab is increased due to the fact that a plurality of foundation slab construction joints are reserved in the traditional foundation slab structure, and the construction procedures are increased due to the fact that the foundation slab is poured in sections.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A multi-span height difference foundation slab structure comprises a first foundation slab, a second foundation slab, a third foundation slab, a fourth foundation slab and a fifth foundation slab; the first foundation bottom plate is arranged on backfill soil around the foundation pit; the second foundation bottom plate is arranged on the backfill soil in front of the first foundation bottom plate, and the top elevation of the second foundation bottom plate is lower than that of the first foundation bottom plate; a first side wall is arranged between the second foundation bottom plate and the first foundation bottom plate, and the first side wall, the first foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate are integrally formed; the third foundation bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit in front of the second foundation bottom plate, and the top elevation of the third foundation bottom plate is at least 10m lower than that of the second foundation bottom plate; a first basement outer wall and a second side wall are arranged between the third foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate; the second side wall is positioned at the top of the first underground outdoor wall, and the second side wall and the second foundation bottom plate are integrally formed; the first basement outer wall is formed by casting along the vertical sections; the fourth foundation bottom plate is arranged on the backfill soil on the right sides of the first foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate, the top elevation of the fourth foundation bottom plate is lower than that of the first foundation bottom plate, and the top elevation of the fourth foundation bottom plate is higher than that of the second foundation bottom plate; a third side wall is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate and the first foundation bottom plate, and a fourth side wall is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate and the second foundation bottom plate; the fourth foundation bottom plate, the fourth side wall and the second foundation bottom plate are integrally cast; the fifth foundation bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit on the right side of the fourth foundation bottom plate, and the top elevation of the fifth foundation bottom plate is at least 10m lower than that of the fourth foundation bottom plate; a second basement outer wall and a fifth side wall are arranged between the fifth foundation bottom plate and the fourth foundation bottom plate; the fifth side wall is positioned at the top of the second underground outdoor wall, and the fifth side wall and the fourth foundation bottom plate are integrally formed; and the second basement outer wall is cast and formed along the vertical sections.
Preferably, the height of the outer wall of the first basement is not less than 8m, and the height of the second side wall is 4 m-5 m.
Preferably, the height of the first side wall is 2 m-2.5 m.
Preferably, the height of the outer wall of the second basement is not less than 8m, and the height of the fifth side wall is 4 m-5 m.
Preferably, the height of the third side wall is 1.2 m-1.6 m; the height of the fourth side wall is 0.8 m-1.0 m.
A multi-span height difference foundation slab structure comprises the following steps.
Step one, a third foundation bottom plate and a fifth foundation bottom plate are poured at the bottom of the foundation pit.
And step two, manufacturing basement outer wall templates of the first basement outer wall and the second basement outer wall.
Step three, manufacturing an outer wall template support of the basement outer wall template: the external wall formwork support comprises an inclined support and a frame body; the rack body is of a rectangular grid structure and comprises a cross rod, a vertical rod and a longitudinal rod; the vertical rod close to one side of the basement outer wall template is connected with the basement outer wall template through a first steel pipe fastener; the inclined struts are arranged in a group and are arranged between the frame body and the ground at intervals; the upper end of the inclined strut is connected with the frame body, and the lower end of the inclined strut is supported on the ground.
Step four, mounting the basement outer wall formwork and the outer wall formwork support: respectively erecting basement outer wall templates at the side positions of the two sides of the first basement outer wall and the second basement outer wall, and erecting outer wall template supports at the outer sides of the basement outer wall templates; and connecting the outer wall template support with the basement outer wall template.
And fifthly, pouring concrete of the outer wall of the first basement and the outer wall of the second basement along the vertical sections.
Step six, when the wall body concrete of the first basement outer wall and the second basement outer wall reaches the design strength, dismantling the basement outer wall formwork, and then performing layered construction and backfilling;
constructing first side wall templates of the second side wall and the fifth side wall, and constructing second side wall templates of the first side wall, the third side wall and the fourth side wall;
the first side wall template is a shaping template and comprises a group of spliced first side wall template units; the first side wall template unit comprises a first template panel, a first vertical back ridge and a first horizontal back ridge; the first vertical back ridges are arranged in a group and are transversely arranged on the outer side surface of the first template panel at intervals in parallel; the first vertical back ridge is made of wood, and the horizontal section of the first vertical back ridge is I-shaped; through holes are formed in the web plate of the first vertical back ridge at intervals along the vertical direction; the first horizontal back ridges are arranged in a group and are vertically arranged on the outer side surfaces of the first vertical back ridges at intervals; the first horizontal back ridge comprises two steel rod pieces with grooves arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; first connecting holes are formed in each channel steel rod piece at intervals along the long axial direction; the first horizontal back edge is connected with the first vertical back edge through a connecting claw; the connecting claw comprises a transverse connecting rod, a longitudinal connecting rod, an upper grabbing plate and a lower grabbing plate; the transverse connecting rod is connected between the through holes of the adjacent first vertical back ridges and corresponds to the first horizontal back ridges; the longitudinal connecting rod is connected to the middle part of the transverse connecting rod; the upper grabbing plate and the lower grabbing plate are respectively connected to the outer ends of the transverse connecting rods and are respectively clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the first horizontal back ridge; limiting battens are arranged on the outer sides of the bottoms of the first vertical back ridges; the outer side of the limiting batten is provided with inserting ribs at intervals along the long axial direction of the limiting batten; a core belt is connected between the first horizontal back ridges of the adjacent first side wall template units; the core belt is in a long strip plate shape, and the thickness of the core belt is adapted to the width of a gap between two channel steel bar pieces of the first horizontal back edge; second connecting holes are formed in the core belt at intervals along the long axial direction; the two ends of the core belt are respectively inserted into the gaps of the first horizontal back ridges at the two sides and are connected through first bolts inserted into the corresponding first connecting holes and the corresponding second connecting holes; the two sides of the top of the first side wall template are respectively connected with an upper lifting hook; the upper lifting hook is connected with the first vertical back ridge;
the second side wall template is a wood template.
Step eight, erecting a first side formwork support outside the first side wall formwork unit; the first side die support comprises a triangular support, a connecting steel pipe, an embedded component and an adjusting base; the triangular supports are arranged in a group, and the triangular supports are arranged in parallel at intervals; each triangular bracket is in a right-angled triangle shape; the triangular brackets are connected into a whole by the connecting steel pipes in a group, and each connecting steel pipe is connected with the triangular bracket through a second steel pipe fastener; the adjusting base is arranged at the bottom of each triangular support and used for adjusting the height of the triangular support; the embedded component is used for connecting the right-angle part of the triangular support with the outer wall of the first basement or the outer wall of the second basement after construction.
And step nine, constructing an operating platform on the top of the first side formwork support.
Step ten, integrally pouring concrete of the second side wall, the fifth side wall, the first side wall, the third side wall, the fourth side wall, the first foundation bottom plate, the second foundation bottom plate and the fourth foundation bottom plate.
Step eleven, when the strength of the concrete in the step eight reaches the design strength, removing the first side formwork support, the second side formwork support, the first side wall formwork and the second side wall formwork until the construction is finished.
Preferably, the first template panel in the second step is made of a multilayer board with the thickness not less than 14 mm; the construction process of the first side wall formwork unit is specifically.
And 3, paving a first template panel, and fixedly connecting the first template panel with the first vertical back ridge.
Preferably, if the height of the first template panel exceeds the length of the first vertical back ridge, the upper ends of the first vertical back ridges of the group are connected with upper end battens; the top of the upper hook penetrates through the upper end batten.
Preferably, when the first vertical back ridge provided with the lifting hook is selected to be installed, the distance between the first vertical back ridge connected with the lifting hook and the vertical side edges on the two sides of the first side wall template unit is more than 1.5 m; the upper lifting hook comprises a clamping plate and a lifting ring; the two clamping plates are respectively clamped at two sides of a web plate of the first vertical back ridge; the upper hook clamping plate is welded and connected; the clamping plate is connected with the web plate of the first vertical back ridge through bolts.
Preferably, when the length of the first side wall template is smaller than that of the second side wall and/or the fifth side wall; a lengthened template unit is connected between the adjacent first side wall template units; the lengthened template unit comprises a second vertical back ridge, a second template panel and a connecting strip plate; the height of the second template panel is adaptive to that of the first template panel, and the thickness of the second template panel is adaptive to that of the first template panel; the second vertical back ridges are arranged in a group and are arranged on the outer side surface of the second template panel in parallel along the transverse direction at intervals; the second vertical back ridge is made of wood, and the horizontal section of the second vertical back ridge is I-shaped; inserting rings are arranged on the outer side surface of the second vertical back ridge and at the position corresponding to the first horizontal back ridge of the first side wall template units on the two sides; the inserting ring is fixedly connected with the second vertical back ridge through a connecting sheet; the connecting strip plates are arranged in a group at intervals along the vertical direction, and two ends of each connecting strip plate are respectively inserted into gaps of the first horizontal back ridges on two sides; a strip-shaped groove penetrating through the inserting ring is formed in the side surface of the connecting batten, which is close to one side of the second vertical back ridge; jacks are arranged on the plate surface of the connecting batten and at positions corresponding to the inserting rings; the connecting strip plate is connected with the second vertical back edge through a second bolt penetrating through the jack and the inserting ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effect that.
1. The multi-span height difference foundation slab can integrally pour a plurality of foundation floors with different elevations, so that the retention of construction joints of the foundation slab is reduced, and the hidden danger of water leakage is avoided; in addition, the low-span foundation bottom plate, the low-span side wall and the high-span foundation floor are simultaneously waterproof in advance, so that the positions and the number of waterproof joints are reduced, and the integral waterproof performance is ensured; the construction sequence of the high-low span foundation slab is optimized, the low-span foundation slab, the low-span side wall and the high-span foundation slab are poured simultaneously, the construction time is reduced to the maximum extent, and the construction efficiency is improved.
2. The side wall template disclosed by the invention is used by combining the shaping template with the common wood template, so that the technical problem that the construction requirements cannot be met by adopting the traditional wood template due to the large height of the second side wall and the fifth side wall is solved; in addition, the first vertical back edge and the first horizontal back edge in the first side wall template unit are connected by the connecting claw, the connecting mode is simple and easy to operate, and the position of the first horizontal back edge can be conveniently adjusted in construction; in addition, the two adjacent first side wall template units are connected by adopting a core belt; when the length of first side wall template was less than the side wall length of design, the extension template adopted with the side wall template unit to connect the slat, has saved horizontal back of the body stupefied on the extension template, and traditional connection structure is compared to this kind of connected mode of this application, and connection structure is simple, easy operation, the reduction of very big degree construction cost with shortened construction period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a multi-span height difference foundation slab structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a-a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of C-C in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of D-D in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the basement exterior wall formwork support arranged on the outer side of the basement exterior wall formwork.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the first side wall form unit of the present invention with a first side form support disposed on the outer side thereof
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first sidewall form unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view illustrating a first side wall form unit according to the present invention, in which an upper end batten is provided at an upper portion thereof.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view illustrating a connection structure of adjacent first sidewall form units according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the elongated template units disposed between adjacent first side wall template units according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the triangular bracket and the embedded component in the invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the connection claw of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an upper hook according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-first foundation slab, 2-second foundation slab, 3-third foundation slab, 4-fourth foundation slab, 5-fifth foundation slab, 6-backfill, 7-first side wall, 8-first basement exterior wall, 9-second side wall, 10-third side wall, 11-fourth side wall, 12-second basement exterior wall, 13-fifth side wall, 14-first side wall formwork unit, 14.1-first formwork panel, 14.2-first vertical back ridge, 14.3-first horizontal back ridge, 14.4-connecting claw, 14.4.1-transverse connecting rod, 14.4.2-longitudinal connecting rod, 14.4.3-upper grab plate, 14.4.4-lower grab plate, 14.5-upper end batten, 15-perforation, 16-first connecting hole, 17-core belt, 18-second connecting hole, 19-first bolt, 20-upper, 20.1-lifting hook, 20.2-clamping plate, 21.2-lifting ring, 21.1-outer wall bracing formwork, 21.2-inclined bracing frame, 21.1.2-frame cross bar, 21.2.2-inclined bracing frame, 21.2.2-vertical rod, 21.2.3-longitudinal rod, 21.2.4-first steel pipe fastener, 22-operation platform, 23-basement exterior wall template, 23.1-third vertical back ridge, 23.2-second horizontal back ridge, 23.3-third template panel, 24-first side mold support, 24.1-triangular bracket, 24.2-connecting steel pipe, 24.3-adjusting base, 24.4-second steel pipe fastener, 24.5-embedded component, 24.5.1-anchor bolt, 24.5.1 a-horizontal section, 24.5.1 b-inclined section, 24.5.2-connecting nut, 24.5.3-outer connecting rod, 24.5.4-pressing beam, 24.5.5-gasket, 24.5.6-fastening nut, 25-bolt hole, 26-lengthened template unit, 26.1-second vertical back ridge, 26.2-second template panel, 26.3-connecting strip plate, 27-splicing ring, 28-strip groove, 29-jack, 30-second bolt, 31-wood square connecting piece, 32-limiting rib, 33-embedded rib.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, the multi-span height difference soleplate structure comprises a first soleplate 1, a second soleplate 2, a third soleplate 3, a fourth soleplate 4 and a fifth soleplate 5; the first foundation bottom plate 1 is arranged on backfill soil 6 around a foundation pit; the second foundation bottom plate 2 is arranged on the backfill soil 6 in front of the first foundation bottom plate 1, and the top elevation of the second foundation bottom plate 2 is lower than that of the first foundation bottom plate 1; a first side wall 7 is arranged between the second foundation bottom plate 2 and the first foundation bottom plate 1, and the first side wall 7 is integrally formed with the first foundation bottom plate 1 and the second foundation bottom plate 2; the third foundation bottom plate 3 is arranged at the bottom of a foundation pit in front of the second foundation bottom plate 2, and the top elevation of the third foundation bottom plate 3 is at least 10m lower than that of the second foundation bottom plate 2; a first basement outer wall 8 and a second side wall 9 are arranged between the third foundation bottom plate 3 and the second foundation bottom plate 2; the second side wall 9 is positioned at the top of the first basement outer wall 8, and the second side wall 9 and the second foundation bottom plate 2 are integrally formed; the first basement outer wall 8 is formed by casting along vertical sections, and the boundary line of the sections is a horizontal construction joint of the wall; the fourth foundation bottom plate 4 is arranged on the backfill soil 6 on the right sides of the first foundation bottom plate 1 and the second foundation bottom plate 2, the top elevation of the fourth foundation bottom plate 4 is lower than that of the first foundation bottom plate 1, and the top elevation of the fourth foundation bottom plate 4 is higher than that of the second foundation bottom plate 2; a third side wall 10 is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate 4 and the first foundation bottom plate 1, and a fourth side wall 11 is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate 4 and the second foundation bottom plate 2; the fourth foundation bottom plate 4, the fourth side wall 11 and the second foundation bottom plate 2 are integrally cast; the fifth foundation bottom plate 5 is arranged at the bottom of a foundation pit at the right side of the fourth foundation bottom plate 4, and the elevation of the top of the fifth foundation bottom plate 5 is at least 10m lower than that of the top of the fourth foundation bottom plate 4; a second basement outer wall 12 and a fifth side wall 13 are arranged between the fifth foundation bottom plate 5 and the fourth foundation bottom plate 4; the fifth side wall 13 is positioned at the top of the outer wall 12 of the second basement, and the fifth side wall 13 and the fourth foundation bed 4 are integrally formed; the second basement exterior wall 12 is cast and formed along the vertical sections, and the boundary lines of the sections are horizontal construction joints of the wall.
In this embodiment, the height of the first basement exterior wall 8 is not less than 8m, and the height of the second side wall 9 is 4m to 5 m.
In this embodiment, the height of the first sidewall 7 is 2m to 2.5 m.
In this embodiment, the height of the second basement exterior wall 12 is not less than 8m, and the height of the fifth side wall 13 is 4m to 5 m.
In this embodiment, the height of the third side wall 10 is 1.2m to 1.6 m; the height of the fourth side wall 11 is 0.8 m-1.0 m.
The construction method of the multi-span height difference foundation slab structure comprises the following steps.
Step one, a third foundation bottom plate 3 and a fifth foundation bottom plate 5 are poured at the bottom of the foundation pit.
And step two, manufacturing basement outer wall templates 23 of the first basement outer wall 8 and the second basement outer wall 12.
Step three, manufacturing an outer wall template support 21 of the basement outer wall template 23: the external wall formwork support 21 comprises an inclined support 21.1 and a frame body 21.2; the frame body 21.2 is of a rectangular grid structure and comprises a cross bar 21.2.1, a vertical bar 21.2.2 and a longitudinal bar 21.2.3; the vertical rod 21.2.2 close to one side of the basement exterior wall template 23 is connected with the basement exterior wall template 23 through a first steel pipe fastener 21.2.4; the inclined struts 21.1 are provided with one group and are supported between the frame body 21.2 and the ground at intervals; the upper end of bracing 21.1 is connected with support body 21.2, and the lower extreme of bracing 21.1 supports subaerial.
Step four, mounting the basement outer wall template 23 and the outer wall template support 21: respectively erecting basement outer wall templates 23 at the side positions of two sides of the first basement outer wall 8 and the second basement outer wall 12, and erecting outer wall template supports 21 at the outer sides of the basement outer wall templates 23; and then the outer wall template support 21 is connected with the basement outer wall template 23.
And step five, pouring concrete of the first basement outer wall 8 and the second basement outer wall 12 along the vertical sections.
And step six, when the wall concrete of the first basement outer wall 8 and the second basement outer wall 12 reaches the design strength, dismantling the basement outer wall template 23, and then constructing backfill 6 in a layered mode.
Step seven, constructing first side wall templates of the second side wall 9 and the fifth side wall 13, and constructing second side wall templates of the first side wall 7, the third side wall 10 and the fourth side wall 11;
the first side wall template is a shaping template and comprises a group of spliced first side wall template units 14; the first side wall formwork unit 14 comprises a first formwork panel 14.1, a first vertical back ridge 14.2 and a first horizontal back ridge 14.3; the first vertical back ridges 14.2 are provided with a group and are arranged on the outer side surface of the first template panel 14.1 at intervals along the transverse direction; the first vertical back ridge 14.2 is made of wood, and the horizontal section of the first vertical back ridge 14.2 is I-shaped; the web plate of the first vertical back ridge 14.2 is provided with through holes 15 at intervals along the vertical direction; the first horizontal back ridges 14.3 are arranged in a group and are vertically arranged on the outer side surfaces of the first vertical back ridges 14.2 at intervals; the first horizontal back ridge 14.3 comprises two steel rod pieces which are vertically provided with grooves at intervals; each channel steel rod piece is provided with first connecting holes 16 at intervals along the long axial direction; the first horizontal back ridge 14.3 is connected with the first vertical back ridge 14.2 through a connecting claw 14.4; the connecting claw 14.4 comprises a transverse connecting rod 14.4.1, a longitudinal connecting rod 14.4.2, an upper grabbing plate 14.4.3 and a lower grabbing plate 14.4.4; the transverse connecting bar 14.4.1 is connected between the through holes 15 of the adjacent first vertical back edges 14.2 at the position corresponding to the first horizontal back edges 14.3; the longitudinal connecting bar 14.4.2 is connected at the middle of the transverse connecting bar 14.4.1; the upper grabbing plate 14.4.3 and the lower grabbing plate 14.4.4 are respectively connected to the outer ends of the transverse connecting rods 14.4.1 and respectively clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the first horizontal back ridge 14.3; the outer side of the bottom of the group of first vertical back ridges 14.2 is blocked with a limiting batten 31; the outer side of the limiting batten 31 is provided with inserting ribs 32 at intervals along the long axial direction of the limiting batten 31; a core belt 17 is connected between the first horizontal back ridges 14.3 of the adjacent first side wall template units 14; the core belt 17 is in a long strip plate shape, and the thickness of the core belt 17 is adapted to the width of a gap between two channel steel bar pieces of the first horizontal back ridge 14.3; second connecting holes 18 are formed in the core belt 17 at intervals along the long axial direction; two ends of the core belt 17 are respectively inserted into the gaps of the first horizontal back ridges 14.3 at two sides and are connected through first bolts 19 inserted into the corresponding first connecting holes 16 and second connecting holes 18; the two sides of the top of the first side wall template are respectively connected with an upper lifting hook 20; the upper hook 20 is connected with the first vertical back ridge 14.2.
Step eight, erecting a first side formwork support 24 on the outer side of the first side wall formwork unit 14; the first side mould support 24 comprises a triangular support 24.1, a connecting steel pipe 24.2, an embedded part assembly 24.5 and an adjusting base 24.3; the triangular supports 24.1 are arranged in a group, and the triangular supports 24.1 in the group are arranged in parallel at intervals; each triangular bracket 24.1 is in a right-angled triangle shape; the connecting steel pipes 24.2 are provided with a group for connecting a group of triangular brackets 24.1 into a whole, and each connecting steel pipe 24.2 is connected with the triangular bracket 24.1 through a second steel pipe fastener 24.4; the adjusting bases 24.3 are arranged at the bottom of each triangular support 24.1 and used for adjusting the height of the triangular supports 24.1; the embedded component 24.5 is used for connecting the right-angle part of the triangular bracket 24.1 with the first basement outer wall 8 or the second basement outer wall 12 which is constructed.
And step nine, constructing an operation platform 22 on the top of the first side formwork support 24.
Step ten, concrete of the second side wall 9, the fifth side wall 13, the first side wall 7, the third side wall 10, the fourth side wall 11, the first foundation bottom plate 1, the second foundation bottom plate 2 and the fourth foundation bottom plate 4 is integrally poured.
Step eleven, when the strength of the concrete in the step eight reaches the design strength, the first side formwork support 24, the second side formwork support, the first side wall formwork and the second side wall formwork are dismantled until the construction is finished.
In this embodiment, the first form panel 14.1 in step two is made of a multilayer board not less than 14mm thick; the construction process of the first sidewall formwork unit 14 is specifically described.
And 3, paving a first template panel 14.1, and fixedly connecting the first template panel 14.1 with the first vertical back ridge 14.2.
In this embodiment, if the height of the first formwork panel 14.1 exceeds the length of the first vertical back ridge 14.2, the upper end of the group of first vertical back ridges 14.2 is connected with the upper end battens 14.5; the top of the upper hook 20 passes through the upper end batten 14.5.
In this embodiment, when the first vertical back edge 14.2 of the upper hook 20 is selected to be installed, the distance between the first vertical back edge 14.2 connected with the upper hook 20 and the vertical side edges at two sides of the first side wall formwork unit 14 is greater than 1.5 meters; the upper lifting hook 20 comprises a clamping plate 20.1 and a lifting ring 20.2; two clamping plates 20.1 are respectively clamped at two sides of a web plate of the first vertical back ridge 14.2; the upper lifting hook 20 is connected with the clamping plate 20.1 in a welding mode; the clamping plate 20.1 is connected with a web plate of the first vertical back ridge 14.2 by bolts.
In this embodiment, the clamp plate 20.1 is provided with a bolt hole 25.
In this embodiment, when the length of the first side wall form is smaller than the length of the second side wall 9 and/or the fifth side wall 13; a lengthened template unit 26 is connected between the adjacent first side wall template units 14; the lengthened template unit 26 comprises a second vertical back ridge 26.1, a second template panel 26.2 and a connecting strip plate 26.3; the height of the second formwork panel 26.2 is adapted to the height of the first formwork panel 14.1, and the thickness of the second formwork panel 26.2 is adapted to the thickness of the first formwork panel 14.1; the second vertical back ridges 26.1 are provided with a group and are arranged on the outer side surface of the second template panel 26.2 at intervals along the transverse direction; the second vertical back ridge 26.1 is made of wood, and the horizontal section of the second vertical back ridge 26.1 is I-shaped; an inserting ring 27 is arranged on the outer side surface of the second vertical back edge 26.1 and at the position corresponding to the first horizontal back edge 14.3 of the first side wall template units 14 at the two sides; the inserting ring 27 is fixedly connected with the second vertical back ridge 26.1 through a connecting sheet 34; the connecting strips 26.3 are arranged in a group at intervals along the vertical direction, and two ends of the connecting strips 26.3 are respectively inserted into gaps of the first horizontal back ridges 14.3 at two sides; a strip-shaped groove 28 penetrating through the inserting ring 27 is formed on the side surface of the connecting ribbon board 26.3 close to one side of the second vertical back ridge 26.1; the plate surface of the connecting strip plate 26.3 is provided with a jack 29 at the position corresponding to the inserting ring 27; the connecting strip 26.3 is connected with the second vertical back ridge 26.1 through a second bolt 30 penetrating through the insertion hole 29 and the plug ring 27.
In this embodiment, the first formwork panel 14.1 is connected with the first vertical back ridge 14.2 by nails.
In this embodiment, the first connecting hole 16 is a long strip; the second connection hole 18 has a long bar shape.
In this embodiment, the embedment assembly 21.1 comprises an anchor bolt 24.5.1, a fastening nut 24.5.6 and an outer tie rod 24.5.3; the anchor bolt 24.5.1 is buried in the ground and comprises a horizontal section 24.5.1a and an inclined section 24.5.1 b; the upper end of the inclined section 24.5.1b exceeds the ground; the outer link 24.5.3 is connected with the upper end of the inclined segment 24.5.1b through a connecting nut 24.5.2, and the outer link 24.5.3 passes through the right-angle part of the triangular bracket 24.1; a pressing beam 24.5.4 is arranged at the end part of the outer connecting rod 24.5.3; the fastening nut 24.5.6 fixedly connects the end of the outer connecting rod 24.5.3 with the pressure beam 24.5.4, and a gasket 24.5.5 is padded between the fastening nut 24.5.6 and the pressure beam 24.5.4.
In this embodiment; the second side wall formwork and the basement outer wall formwork 23 are of common wood formwork structures.
In this embodiment, the inclined section 24.5.1b forms an angle of 45 ° with the horizontal plane.
In this embodiment, the external wall formwork 23 of the basement comprises a third vertical back ridge 23.1, a second horizontal back ridge 23.2 and a third formwork panel 23.3; in this embodiment, the third form panel 23.3 is a wood form, and the upper end of the third form panel 23.3 exceeds the top of the corresponding side wall; the third vertical back ridges 23.1 are arranged on the outer side surface of the third template panel 23.3 at intervals; the second horizontal back ridges 23.2 are connected to the outer side surfaces of the third vertical back ridges 23.1 at intervals along the vertical direction; the second side formwork support is arranged on the outer side of the side wall formwork and connected with the side wall formwork.
In this embodiment, when the lower part of the inclined strut 21.1 exceeds the outer side of the frame body, the embedded rib 33 is arranged at the lower end position of the inclined strut 21.1; the embedded ribs 33 are detachably connected with the inclined strut 21.1 and serve as supporting points of the inclined strut 21.1.
In this embodiment, the second side formwork support has the same structure as the external wall formwork support 21.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method of a multi-span height difference foundation slab structure is characterized by comprising a first foundation slab (1), a second foundation slab (2), a third foundation slab (3), a fourth foundation slab (4) and a fifth foundation slab (5); the second foundation bottom plate (2) is arranged on backfill soil (6) around the foundation pit; the second foundation bottom plate (2) is arranged on backfill soil (6) in front of the first foundation bottom plate (1), and the top elevation of the second foundation bottom plate (2) is lower than that of the first foundation bottom plate (1); a first side wall (7) is arranged between the second foundation bottom plate (2) and the first foundation bottom plate (1), and the first side wall (7) is integrally formed with the first foundation bottom plate (1) and the second foundation bottom plate (2); the third foundation bottom plate (3) is arranged at the bottom of a foundation pit in front of the second foundation bottom plate (2), and the top elevation of the third foundation bottom plate (3) is at least 10m lower than that of the second foundation bottom plate (2); a first basement outer wall (8) and a second side wall (9) are arranged between the third foundation bottom plate (3) and the second foundation bottom plate (2); the second side wall (9) is positioned at the top of the first basement outer wall (8), and the second side wall (9) and the second foundation bottom plate (2) are integrally formed; the first basement outer wall (8) is cast and formed along the vertical sections; the fourth foundation bottom plate (4) is arranged on the backfill soil (6) on the right sides of the first foundation bottom plate (1) and the second foundation bottom plate (2), the top elevation of the fourth foundation bottom plate (4) is lower than that of the first foundation bottom plate (1), and the top elevation of the fourth foundation bottom plate (4) is higher than that of the second foundation bottom plate (2); a third side wall (10) is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate (4) and the first foundation bottom plate (1), and a fourth side wall (11) is arranged between the fourth foundation bottom plate (4) and the second foundation bottom plate (2); the fourth foundation bottom plate (4), the fourth side wall (11) and the second foundation bottom plate (2) are integrally cast; the fifth foundation bottom plate (5) is arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit on the right side of the fourth foundation bottom plate (4), and the top elevation of the fifth foundation bottom plate (5) is at least 10m lower than that of the fourth foundation bottom plate (4); a second basement outer wall (12) and a fifth side wall (13) are arranged between the fifth foundation bottom plate (5) and the fourth foundation bottom plate (4); the fifth side wall (13) is positioned at the top of the second basement outer wall (12), and the fifth side wall (13) and the fourth foundation bottom plate (4) are integrally formed; the second basement outer wall (12) is cast and formed along the vertical sections;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
step one, a third foundation bottom plate (3) and a fifth foundation bottom plate (5) are poured at the bottom of a foundation pit;
secondly, manufacturing basement outer wall templates (23) of the first basement outer wall (8) and the second basement outer wall (12);
step three, manufacturing an outer wall template support (21) of the basement outer wall template (23): the external wall formwork support (21) comprises an inclined support (21.1) and a frame body (21.2); the rack body (21.2) is of a rectangular grid structure and comprises a cross rod (21.2.1), a vertical rod (21.2.2) and a longitudinal rod (21.2.3); the vertical rod (21.2.2) close to one side of the basement outer wall template (23) is connected with the basement outer wall template (23) through a first steel pipe fastener (21.2.4); the inclined struts (21.1) are in a group and are supported between the frame body (21.2) and the ground at intervals; the upper end of the inclined strut (21.1) is connected with the frame body (21.2), and the lower end of the inclined strut (21.1) is supported on the ground;
step four, the basement exterior wall template (23) and the exterior wall template support (21) are installed: the basement outer wall templates (23) are respectively erected at the side positions of the two sides of the first basement outer wall (8) and the second basement outer wall (12), and outer wall template supports (21) are erected at the outer sides of the basement outer wall templates (23); then connecting the outer wall template support (21) with the basement outer wall template (23);
fifthly, pouring concrete of the first basement outer wall (8) and the second basement outer wall (12) along the vertical sections;
step six, when the wall concrete of the first basement outer wall (8) and the second basement outer wall (12) reaches the design strength, dismantling the basement outer wall template (23), and then constructing backfill (6) in a layered mode;
constructing first side wall templates of a second side wall (9) and a fifth side wall (13), and constructing second side wall templates of a first side wall (7), a third side wall (10) and a fourth side wall (11);
the first side wall template is a shaping template and comprises a group of spliced and connected first side wall template units (14); the first side wall formwork unit (14) comprises a first formwork panel (14.1), a first vertical back ridge (14.2) and a first horizontal back ridge (14.3); the first vertical back ridges (14.2) are provided with a group and are arranged on the outer side surface of the first template panel (14.1) at intervals along the transverse direction in parallel; the first vertical back ridge (14.2) is made of wood, and the horizontal section of the first vertical back ridge (14.2) is I-shaped; through holes (15) are arranged on the web plate of the first vertical back ridge (14.2) at intervals along the vertical direction; the first horizontal back ridges (14.3) are arranged in a group and are vertically arranged on the outer side surfaces of the first vertical back ridges (14.2) at intervals; the first horizontal back ridge (14.3) comprises two steel rod pieces which are provided with grooves at intervals along the vertical direction; first connecting holes (16) are formed in each channel steel rod piece at intervals along the long axial direction; the first horizontal back edge (14.3) is connected with the first vertical back edge (14.2) through a connecting claw (14.4); the connecting claw (14.4) comprises a transverse connecting rod (14.4.1), a longitudinal connecting rod (14.4.2), an upper grabbing plate (14.4.3) and a lower grabbing plate (14.4.4); the transverse connecting rods (14.4.1) are connected between the through holes (15) of the adjacent first vertical back edges (14.2) at the positions corresponding to the first horizontal back edges (14.3); the longitudinal connecting bar (14.4.2) is connected at the middle part of the transverse connecting bar (14.4.1); the upper grabbing plate (14.4.3) and the lower grabbing plate (14.4.4) are respectively connected to the outer end of the transverse connecting rod (14.4.1) and respectively clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the first horizontal back ridge (14.3); the outer side of the bottom of the first vertical back ridge (14.2) is blocked with a limiting batten (31); the outer side of the limiting batten (31) is provided with inserting ribs (32) at intervals along the long axial direction of the limiting batten (31); a core belt (17) is connected between the first horizontal back ridges (14.3) of the adjacent first side wall template units (14); the core belt (17) is in a long strip plate shape, and the thickness of the core belt (17) is adapted to the width of a gap between two channel steel bar pieces of the first horizontal back edge (14.3); second connecting holes (18) are formed in the core belt (17) at intervals along the long axial direction; the two ends of the core belt (17) are respectively inserted into the gaps of the first horizontal back ridges (14.3) at the two sides and are connected through first bolts (19) inserted into the corresponding first connecting holes (16) and second connecting holes (18); the two sides of the top of the first side wall template are respectively connected with an upper lifting hook (20); the upper lifting hook (20) is connected with the first vertical back ridge (14.2);
the second side wall template is a wood template;
step eight, erecting a first side formwork support (24) on the outer side of the first side wall formwork unit (14) and a second side formwork support on the outer side of the second side wall formwork; the first side die support (24) comprises a triangular support (24.1), a connecting steel pipe (24.2), an embedded component (24.5) and an adjusting base (24.3); the triangular supports (24.1) are provided with one group, and the triangular supports (24.1) are arranged in parallel at intervals; each triangular bracket is in a right-angled triangle shape; the connecting steel pipes (24.2) are provided with a group for connecting a group of triangular supports (24.1) into a whole, and each connecting steel pipe (24.2) is connected with the triangular support (24.1) through a second steel pipe fastener (24.4); the adjusting base (24.3) is arranged at the bottom of each triangular support (24.1) and used for adjusting the height of the triangular supports (24.1); the embedded component (24.5) is used for connecting the right-angle part of the triangular bracket (24.1) with the first basement outer wall (8) or the second basement outer wall (12) which is constructed;
step nine, constructing an operation platform (22) on the top of the first side formwork support (24);
step ten, integrally pouring concrete of the second side wall (9), the fifth side wall (13), the first side wall (7), the third side wall (10), the fourth side wall (11), the first foundation bottom plate (1), the second foundation bottom plate (2) and the fourth foundation bottom plate (4);
step eleven, when the strength of the concrete in the step eight reaches the design strength, the first side formwork support (24), the second side formwork support, the first side wall formwork and the second side wall formwork are dismantled until the construction is finished.
2. The construction method of the multi-span height difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the first basement outer wall (8) is not less than 8m, and the height of the second side wall (9) is 4 m-5 m.
3. The construction method of the multi-span height difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the first side wall (7) is 2 m-2.5 m.
4. The construction method of the multi-span height difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the second basement outer wall (12) is not less than 8m, and the height of the fifth side wall (13) is 4 m-5 m.
5. The construction method of the multi-span height-difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the third side wall (10) is 1.2 m-1.6 m; the height of the fourth side wall (11) is 0.8-1.0 m.
6. The construction method of the multi-span height-difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first template panel (14.1) in the step two is made of a multilayer board with the thickness not less than 14 mm; the construction process of the first side wall template unit (14) is as follows:
step 1, placing a first horizontal back ridge (14.3): arranging the first horizontal back ridges (14.3) on the erection platform according to the intervals shown in the drawing, drawing positioning lines on the first horizontal back ridges (14.3), aligning diagonal lines, and enabling two diagonal lines of a rectangle formed by any two first horizontal back ridges (14.3) to be equal;
step 2, assembling the first vertical back edge (14.2) and the first horizontal back edge (14.3): according to the drawing size, a first vertical back ridge (14.2) is placed at each end of a first horizontal back ridge (14.3), a positioning line is drawn, diagonal lines are aligned, two diagonal lines of a rectangle formed by the two first vertical back ridges (14.2) are equal, and then the first vertical back ridges are connected and fixed through a connecting claw (14.4); connecting a thin line at the same end of two first vertical back ridges (14.2) which are installed completely, using the thin line as a reference line, aligning the rest first vertical back ridges (14.2) to the reference line, discharging the rest first vertical back ridges in parallel with the first vertical back ridges (14.2) on two sides, and connecting and fixing the first vertical back ridges (14.2) and the first horizontal back ridges (14.3) by using connecting claws (14.4); finally, a lifting hook (20) is arranged according to the size of the drawing;
and 3, paving a first template panel (14.1), and fixedly connecting the first template panel (14.1) with the first vertical back ridge (14.2).
7. The construction method of the multi-span height-difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the height of the first template panel (14.1) exceeds the length of the first vertical back edge (14.2), the upper end of the first vertical back edge (14.2) is connected with an upper end batten (14.5); the top of the upper hook (20) passes through the upper end batten (14.5).
8. The construction method of the multi-span height-difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the first vertical back edge (14.2) of the upper lifting hook (20) is selected to be installed, the distance between the first vertical back edge (14.2) connected with the upper lifting hook (20) and the vertical side edges on the two sides of the first side wall template unit (14) is more than 1.5 m; the upper lifting hook (20) comprises a clamping plate (20.1) and a lifting ring (20.2); the two clamping plates (20.1) are respectively clamped at two sides of a web plate of the first vertical back ridge (14.2); the upper lifting hook (20) is connected with the clamping plate (20.1) in a welding way; the clamping plate (20.1) is connected with a web plate of the first vertical back ridge (14.2) through bolts.
9. The construction method of the multi-span height-difference foundation slab structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the length of the first side wall template is smaller than that of the second side wall (9) and/or the fifth side wall (13); elongated template units (26) are connected between the adjacent first side wall template units (14); the lengthened template unit (26) comprises a second vertical back ridge (26.1), a second template panel (26.2) and a connecting lath (26.3); the height of the second template panel (26.2) is adapted to the height of the first template panel (14.1), and the thickness of the second template panel (26.2) is adapted to the thickness of the first template panel (14.1); the second vertical back ridges (26.1) are provided with a group and are arranged on the outer side surface of the second template panel (26.2) at intervals along the transverse direction; the second vertical back ridge (26.1) is made of wood, and the horizontal section of the second vertical back ridge (26.1) is I-shaped; an inserting ring (27) is arranged on the outer side surface of the second vertical back edge (26.1) and at the position corresponding to the first horizontal back edge (14.3) of the first side wall template units (14) at two sides; the plug-in ring (27) is fixedly connected with the second vertical back edge (26.1) through a connecting sheet (34); the connecting laths (26.3) are arranged in a group at intervals along the vertical direction, and two ends of each connecting lath (26.3) are respectively inserted into gaps of the first horizontal back ridges (14.3) at two sides; a strip-shaped groove (28) penetrating through the inserting ring (27) is formed in the side surface of the connecting ribbon board (26.3) close to one side of the second vertical back ridge (26.1); the plate surface of the connecting lath (26.3) is provided with a jack (29) at the position corresponding to the inserting ring (27); the connecting strip plate (26.3) is connected with the second vertical back ridge (26.1) through a second bolt (30) which is arranged in the jack (29) and the plug-in ring (27) in a penetrating way.
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| CN109162296B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2023-10-24 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Single-side formwork supporting system and construction method for pouring outer wall by utilizing same |
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