CN114479297B - High-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of engineering plastics. The transparent polystyrene composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.5 to 78.5 parts of GPPS, 15 to 30 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 5 to 10 parts of styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and 0.5 to 1 part of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer; the melt flow rate of GPPS under the test condition of 200 ℃ and 5kg is more than or equal to 6g/10min. The invention improves the impact performance and the wear resistance of the GPPS while maintaining the transparency of the GPPS, and obtains the high-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering plastics, and particularly relates to a high-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence and automation technology, the design of the product appearance is more and more varied, the requirements on digital display and transparent display are higher and higher, the requirements on transparent materials are higher and higher, and particularly, the requirements on transparent resins are further increased due to the rapid development of household appliance industry, electronic and electric industry and health industry. Currently, transparent resins commonly used include polystyrene (GPPS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) resin, transparent ABS (MABS) and the like, but these materials have certain disadvantages, for example, GPPS, PMMA and SAN have poor impact resistance and are not suitable for plastic products with certain toughness requirements, and PC and MABS are very expensive and have low cost performance, which cause the application of these transparent resins to be greatly limited.
Among the transparent resins, GPPS has wide sources, low cost and easy processing and forming, and if the defects of GPPS can be improved, the toughness and the surface hardness of the GPPS are improved, and the transparent styrene material with high impact and wear resistance is obtained, the GPPS can be widely applied by the advantage of high cost performance.
In the prior art, the toughening agent commonly used in GPPS is a styrene and butadiene copolymer compound. For example, CN 110092960A discloses that blending and modifying a styrene-butadiene copolymer with transparent styrene to prepare a composition with high transparency, matt and certain toughness, but the toughening efficiency of the formulation system is lower, the toughness improvement effect on GPPS is not obvious, and the application range of the material is limited. For another example, CN 105418830A discloses a chemically synthesized modified SBS toughened GPPS material, and the material obtained by the method has a certain toughness, but the preparation process is complicated, and the chemically synthesized modification uses a large amount of organic solvents with a certain toxicity, and the improvement of the wear resistance of the material is not obvious, so that the economic value and the feasibility of large-scale production are low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.5 to 78.5 parts of GPPS, 15 to 30 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 5 to 10 parts of styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and 0.5 to 1 part of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer; the flow rate of the melt of the GPPS under the test condition of 200 ℃ and 5kg is more than or equal to 6g/10min; the styrene-butadiene block copolymer has a linear structure, and the proportion of the disperse phase butadiene in the molecular chain component of the styrene-butadiene block copolymer is not more than 32wt%; the styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer has a methyl methacrylate monomer component content of not more than 32wt%; the glass transition temperature of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer is not lower than 150 ℃.
The copolymer with the melt flow rate and the monomer component ratio can better maintain the transparency of the GPPS and improve the impact property and the wear resistance of the GPPS.
Preferably, the GPPS has a melt flow rate of 6 to 10g/10min, more preferably 8 to 10g/10min, at 200℃under 5kg test conditions. The GPPS melt flow rate was tested according to GB/T3682-2000 test standard.
Preferably, the styrene-butadiene block copolymer has a molecular chain component in which the proportion of the dispersed phase butadiene is 25 to 30wt%.
Preferably, the styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer has a methyl methacrylate monomer component content of 20 to 30wt%.
Preferably, the glass transition temperature of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer is 150 to 160 ℃. The styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer with the glass transition temperature range is selected, so that the good compatibility can be achieved while the transparency of a material system is not affected. If glass transition temperature classes in other regions are used, the transparency of the material will be affected.
Preferably, the high impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1 portion of other auxiliary agents. The other auxiliary agents refer to additives for improving the processability and the like of the composite material, and mainly comprise common plastic additives such as antioxidants, lubricants and the like, and common colorants in industry and the like. The antioxidant can be hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant, and the lubricant can be amide lubricant, stearate lubricant, ester lubricant, silicone lubricant, etc.; the colorant may be selected from pigment-type colorants, dye-type colorants, or other colorants having particular aesthetic effects.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition, which comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing all the components, plasticizing by a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating to obtain the high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition. The temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is less than or equal to 190 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is less than or equal to 400rpm. By controlling the temperature and the rotating speed, the processing temperature can be lower than the phase transition temperature of the styrene-butadiene segmented copolymer while the processing effect is not influenced, the phase separation is reduced, the stay time of raw material components in a screw is increased by controlling the rotating speed of the screw, the dispersion of synergistic components in a matrix is more uniform, and the dispersion particle size is finer, so that the toughness and the light transmittance of the material are further improved.
Preferably, in the preparation method, the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is 180-190 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 350-400 rpm.
The invention also provides application of the high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition in manufacturing transparent plastic parts.
The invention also provides a transparent plastic part which is prepared from the high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition.
The transparent plastic part can be used as a cover plate or a shell of digital display or transparent display products such as electronic and electric or household appliances.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through optimizing and screening the modified component of the GPPS, the components with specific melt flow rate and specific monomer proportion are selected, so that the impact performance and the wear resistance of the GPPS are improved while the transparency of the GPPS is maintained, and the high-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent polystyrene material is obtained. Wherein, the styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer with the methyl methacrylate monomer accounting for not more than 32wt percent is matched with the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer as a compatilizer of the system, and the addition of the copolymer composition can greatly enhance the toughening efficiency of the styrene-butadiene block copolymer to polystyrene. Meanwhile, the methyl methacrylate component is introduced into the system, so that the wear resistance of the material can be effectively improved. The maleic anhydride component is introduced into the system, so that the binding force of methyl methacrylate and styrene can be improved, and the adverse effect of the methyl methacrylate on the impact performance of the material is reduced. Secondly, the preparation method is improved, the processing temperature is controlled below the phase transition temperature of the styrene-butadiene segmented copolymer, the phase separation is effectively reduced, and the dispersing residence time of the raw material components is increased by controlling the rotating speed of the screw, so that the synergistic components are dispersed more uniformly in the matrix, the dispersion particle size is finer, and the toughness and the light transmittance of the material are further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The starting materials used in examples and comparative examples were all available commercially and the same names refer to the same starting materials.
The raw material sources used in examples and comparative examples are described below, but are not limited thereto:
GPPS-1 resin, GPPS 123P, melt flow rate 10g/10min (200 ℃,5 kg), saike;
GPPS-2 resin, GPPS-500, melt flow rate 6g/10min (200 ℃,5 kg), china petroleum GPPS-3 resin, GPPS 1050, melt flow rate 4g/10min (200 ℃,5 kg), benzene collar;
styrene-butadiene block copolymer-1 (SBS-1), SL-838F (butadiene proportion 30%) is popular;
styrene-butadiene block copolymer-2 (SBS-2), SL-801G (butadiene proportion 25%) is popular;
styrene-butadiene block copolymer-3 (SBS-3), SBS 3537 (butadiene proportion 35%), wheatstone Li Changrong;
styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer-1 (MS-1), MS-200NT (MMA ratio 20%), new day iron;
styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer-2 (MS-2), MS-300 (MMA ratio 30%), new day iron;
styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer-3 (MS-3), MS-500 (MMA 50%), new Japanese iron;
styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer-1 (SMA-1), SZ26080 (glass transition temperature 160 ℃), polyscope, netherlands;
styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer-2 (SMA-2), SMA230 (glass transition temperature 165 ℃), shanghai Hua electronic new materials limited;
styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer-3 (SMA-3), SMA725 (glass transition temperature 150 ℃), shanghai Hua electronic new materials limited;
styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer-4 (SMA-4), SMA700 (glass transition temperature 135 ℃), shanghai Hua electronic new materials limited;
the main antioxidant is THANOX 1010;
the auxiliary antioxidant is THANOX 168;
pentaerythritol stearate lubricants, commercially available.
1. Examples 1 to 8
Examples 1 to 8 provide a high impact abrasion resistant transparent polystyrene composition having a formulation shown in Table 1 in parts by weight. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing all the raw material components according to the formula, putting all the components into a mixer, mixing for 5min at a rotating speed of 1000rpm, taking out, plasticizing, extruding and granulating the mixed raw materials through a double-screw extruder, and obtaining the high-impact-resistance wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition. Wherein, the temperature of each section of the double-screw extruder is 180-190 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 350-400 rpm.
Comparative examples 1 to 5 provide polystyrene compositions having the formulation shown in Table 1 in parts by weight, and the preparation method was referred to the preparation methods of examples 1 to 8. Among them, the twin screw extruders of comparative examples 1 to 5 were the same as example 1 in temperature control and screw rotation speed.
In tables 1-2, the other auxiliary agent consisted of pentaerythritol stearate lubricant and antioxidant in a mass ratio of 1:1, while the antioxidant consisted of primary antioxidant THANOX 1010 and secondary antioxidant THANOX 168 in a mass ratio of 3:2.
TABLE 1
Note that: in the table "-" means that the component was not added, and the following is the same.
TABLE 2
| Component (part) | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 |
| GPPS-1 | - | 58.5 | 58.5 | 58.5 | 58.5 |
| GPPS-3 | 58.5 | - | - | - | - |
| SBS-1 | 30 | - | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| SBS-3 | - | 30 | - | - | - |
| MS-1 | 10 | 10 | - | 10 | 10 |
| MS-3 | - | - | 10 | - | - |
| SMA-1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | - |
| SMA-4 | - | - | - | 0.5 | - |
| Other auxiliary agents | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
The polystyrene compositions prepared in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were dried in a forced air oven at 80℃for 4 hours and then injection molded into standard bars and 2mm thick weld bars using a plastic injection molding machine at 200 to 210 ℃. The performance test was performed after the injection molded bars were left to stand for at least 24 hours in an environment with a relative humidity of 50% and 23 ℃. The test method of each performance is as follows:
notched impact strength: a4 mm thick A-type specimen was notched Izod according to ISO 180-2000.
Transmittance: the sample size is 100X 2mm according to GB/T2410-2008; the light transmittance reaches more than 80 percent, and belongs to transparent materials.
Wear-resistant gloss retention: the test is carried out according to the PV3975-2010 standard, and the test condition is a normal temperature test. Abrasion retention = gloss of post test sample/gloss of pre test sample x 100%; the higher the abrasion-resistant gloss retention, the better the abrasion resistance of the test specimen.
The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Sample preparation | Impact Strength (kJ/m) 2 ) | Transmittance (%) | Wear gloss retention (%) |
| Example 1 | 9.0 | 84 | 83 |
| Example 2 | 8.8 | 86 | 85 |
| Example 3 | 8.5 | 88 | 78 |
| Example 4 | 8.6 | 83 | 82 |
| Example 5 | 8.2 | 82 | 84 |
| Example 6 | 8.7 | 80 | 85 |
| Example 7 | 8.4 | 81 | 80 |
| Example 8 | 9.1 | 84 | 81 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.0 | 45 | 80 |
| Comparative example 2 | 4.0 | 58 | 74 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.0 | 50 | 85 |
| Comparative example 4 | 6.8 | 42 | 82 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1.5 | 85 | 35 |
Analysis of results: the polystyrene compositions of examples 1-8 all have higher impact strength, light transmittance and abrasion-resistant gloss retention, which indicates that the high-impact abrasion-resistant transparent polystyrene material prepared by the formula and the preparation method of the invention can be used for preparing transparent plastic parts with requirements on toughness and surface hardness.
As can be seen from comparative example 1, the melt flow rate of GPPS resin has a large influence on the properties of materials, and comparative example 1 has an impact strength of only 6kJ/m due to the use of GPPS-3 having a melt flow rate too small 2 The light transmittance was only 45%, and the abrasion-resistant gloss retention was also reduced.
As can be seen from comparative example 2, not all of the styrene-butadiene block copolymers in the inventive formulation improve GPPS performance. Comparative example 2 the impact strength was only 4kJ/m due to the use of the styrene-butadiene block copolymer-3 having a butadiene content exceeding 32% by weight 2 The light transmittance is only 58%, and the wear-resistant glossiness retention is only 74%.
As can be seen from comparative example 3, not all styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymers in the formulation of the present invention exert a beneficial effect. Comparative example 3 since a styrene-methyl methacrylate co-having an MMA content exceeding 32wt% was usedPolymer-3, resulting in an impact strength of only 5kJ/m 2 The light transmittance was only 50%.
As can be seen from comparative example 4, not all styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers in the formulation of the present invention perform beneficial effects. In comparative example 4, the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer-4 with the glass transition temperature lower than 150 ℃ is adopted, so that the effective compatibility and dispersion effect cannot be exerted in the blending modification process, and the transparency of the material is seriously affected; resulting in an impact strength of only 6.8kJ/m 2 The light transmittance was only 42%.
As can be seen from comparative example 5, the toughening efficiency of polystyrene by the styrene-butadiene block copolymer can be effectively enhanced only when the styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer are simultaneously added in the formula system of the invention. In comparative example 5, since the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer was not added, the impact strength was only 1.5kJ/m 2 The abrasion-resistant glossiness retention is only 35%.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 58.5 to 78.5 parts of GPPS, 15 to 30 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 5 to 10 parts of styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and 0.5 to 1 part of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer; the flow rate of the melt of the GPPS under the test condition of 200 ℃ and 5kg is more than or equal to 6g/10min; the styrene-butadiene block copolymer has a linear structure, and the proportion of the disperse phase butadiene in the molecular chain component of the styrene-butadiene block copolymer is not more than 32wt%; the styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer has a methyl methacrylate monomer component content of not more than 32wt%; the glass transition temperature of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer is not lower than 150 ℃.
2. The high impact abrasion resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to claim 1, wherein said GPPS has a melt flow rate of 6 to 10g/10min at 200 ℃ under 5kg test conditions.
3. The high impact abrasion-resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to claim 1, wherein the styrene-butadiene block copolymer has a proportion of dispersed butadiene in the molecular chain component of 25 to 30% by weight.
4. The high impact abrasion-resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to claim 1, wherein said styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer has a methyl methacrylate monomer component of 20 to 30% by weight.
5. The high impact abrasion resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to claim 1, wherein said styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer has a glass transition temperature of 150 to 160 ℃.
6. A method of preparing the high impact abrasion-resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: and uniformly mixing all the components, plasticizing by a double-screw extruder, extruding and granulating to obtain the high-impact wear-resistant transparent polystyrene composition.
7. The method for preparing a high impact abrasion-resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of each stage of the twin-screw extruder is not more than 190 ℃ and the screw rotation speed is not more than 400rpm.
8. The method for preparing a high impact abrasion-resistant transparent polystyrene composition according to claim 7, wherein each stage of the twin-screw extruder has a temperature of 180 to 190℃and a screw rotation speed of 350 to 400rpm.
9. Use of a high impact wear resistant transparent polystyrene composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 for the manufacture of transparent plastic articles.
10. A transparent plastic article prepared from the high impact abrasion resistant transparent polystyrene composition of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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