CN114471840A - A kind of lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device and crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device and a crushing method. Comprises a crushing box; the position, close to the port at one end, on the inner wall of the crushing box is rotatably connected with a material hammering unit, and the position, close to the port at the other end, on the inner wall of the crushing box is rotatably connected with a material returning unit; the material returning unit comprises a second transmission rod; the second transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end, far away from the hammering unit, of the crushing box, and the central axes of the second transmission rod and the crushing box are overlapped; a second rotating disc is arranged on the second transmission rod; it has a plurality of groups of carousel extension rods to be annular array distribution on the lateral wall of second carousel, the filter screen installation pole is installed to the carousel extension rod other end, the filter screen installation pole other end is to hammer the horizontal extension of material unit direction. According to the invention, waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments with large volume are rebounded through the inner wall of the filter material hopper to be secondarily crushed, so that the crushing quality is improved.

Description

A kind of lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device and crushing method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of battery recycling, and in particular relates to a crushing device and a crushing method for a lithium iron phosphate battery.

Background technique

With the development of the lithium battery industry, lithium batteries are widely used in power energy, and a large number of waste batteries are produced, most of which are made of lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. In order to reasonably recycle resources and reduce the pollution impact of waste batteries on the environment, and at the same time respond to the call of national policies, the recycling and utilization of cathode materials for lithium iron phosphate batteries needs to be solved urgently.

The crushing work of the cathode material of the lithium iron phosphate battery generally includes the steps of crushing, impurity removal and screening. Nowadays, the widely used crushing method is to use a hammer mill to impact and crush the waste lithium iron phosphate battery.

The working distance of the hammer mill is to use its internal hammer body to bounce the waste lithium iron phosphate battery directly to the inner wall of the crushing box after contacting the waste lithium iron phosphate battery and bounce back again, using repeated impact force. to achieve the crushing effect. However, the existing hammer mill cannot control the size of the crushed fragments, resulting in some of the fragments having a large volume and being discharged due to gravity before they are completely crushed, thereby reducing the crushing effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a crushing device for lithium iron phosphate batteries with good crushing effect.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for crushing a lithium iron phosphate battery.

A lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device, comprising a crushing box; a hammer unit is rotatably connected on the inner wall of the crushing box at a position close to one end port, and a return unit is rotatably connected on the inner wall of the crushing box at a position close to the other end port;

The returning unit includes a second transmission rod; the second transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the crushing box away from the hammer unit, and the central axes of the two are coincident; a second turntable is installed on the second transmission rod There are several groups of turntable extension rods distributed in a circular array on the side wall of the second turntable, the other end of the turntable extension rod is installed with a filter screen installation rod, and the other end of the filter screen installation rod extends horizontally in the direction of the hammer unit A set of filter mechanisms is installed between the adjacent two groups of the filter screen installation rods, and several groups of the filter screen installation rods and the filter mechanism are combined to form an open cavity; the output end of the hammer unit extends to the open cavity inside the body; the rotation direction of the second transmission rod is opposite to the rotation direction of the hammer unit;

A screw aggregate unit is provided on one side of the crushing box, and the input end of the screw aggregate unit is communicated with the output end of the crushing box.

Further, a raw material feeding pipe is arranged on the port of one end of the pulverizing box, and the output end of the raw material feeding pipe extends into the cavity of the cylindrical structure and is located between the inner wall of the cylindrical structure and the hammer unit. In the gap between the crushing boxes, a raw material discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box.

Further, the hammer unit includes a first transmission rod; the first transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end of the crushing box away from the second transmission rod, and the central axis of the first transmission rod is connected to the crushing box. The central axis of the first transmission rod is coincident with the central axis of the first transmission rod;

Further, with the center axis as the center on the side wall of the first turntable, several groups of hammer body connecting rods are distributed in an annular array; the other end of the hammer body connecting rod is fixedly installed with a crushing hammer, The other end extends horizontally into the cylindrical structure.

Further, the crushing hammer includes a polygonal hammer body; the right cross section of the polygonal hammer body is a polygonal structure, and each group of outer walls of the polygonal hammer body is provided with a set of material striking grooves, and the material striking grooves are formed. Both ends of the groove are open structures; a feeding table is installed in the feeding groove, and a number of groups of feeding openings are arranged at equal intervals on a side wall of the feeding table far from the feeding groove. The combination of the feed openings can form a zigzag structure.

Further, the filtering mechanism includes a filter material frame and several groups of sieve plates; the two ends of the filter material frame are respectively fixedly installed on the adjacent two sets of filter screen installation rods, and the filter material frame is provided with a central through hole. ; Several groups of filter hoppers are arranged at equal intervals at the edge of one side of the central through hole away from the central axis of the second transmission rod, the right cross section of the filter hopper is a conical structure, and the two side walls of the filter hopper are respectively A set of sieve plates.

Further, the screw collecting unit includes a screw collecting hopper; the screw collecting hopper is an open cavity and is located on one side of the crushing box; the top of the screw collecting hopper is provided with a dust outlet, and the dust outlet is fixed inside. An induced draft fan is installed; a finished product discharge port is provided at the bottom of the spiral collecting hopper.

Further, several groups of feeding pipes are installed in a spiral shape on the inner wall of the spiral collecting hopper. The output end of the feeding pipe is located above the discharge port of the finished product; an arc-shaped feeding pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spiral collecting hopper, and the axial section of the arc-shaped feeding pipe is a fan ring structure.

Further, the output end of the arc-shaped feeding pipe extends into the cavity of the screw collecting hopper and communicates with the input end of the feeding pipe; the input end of the arc-shaped feeding pipe is provided with a vacuum pump, and the The other end of the vacuum pump is communicated with the raw material discharge port through a pipeline.

A method for crushing a lithium iron phosphate battery, the crushing method comprising:

Start the power system of the hammer unit and the return unit;

Put the waste lithium iron phosphate battery into the cavity of the crushing box through the raw material feeding port, and then crush the waste lithium iron phosphate battery through the hammer unit to obtain battery fragments;

The crushed battery fragments are rebounded to the inner wall of the cylindrical structure by the hammer unit, and the larger size battery fragments are intercepted and rebounded to the hammer unit by the filter mechanism for secondary or multiple crushing;

Through the gap on the main body of the filter mechanism, the smaller-sized fragments after secondary or multiple crushing are discharged to obtain semi-finished raw materials;

Other impurities and dusts in the semi-finished raw material except the cathode material and graphite are removed by the screw aggregate unit, and finally the finished raw material is obtained.

The device for crushing the positive electrode material of the lithium iron phosphate battery of the present invention is also suitable for crushing the positive electrode material of other batteries such as ternary batteries.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. A cylindrical structure composed of several groups of filter mechanisms is added between the hammer unit and the inner wall of the crushing box. When the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments are hammered and decomposed by the polygonal hammer, they will bounce back to the cylindrical structure. When it is on the inner wall, the large volume of waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments are bounced back through the inner wall of the filter hopper for secondary crushing, which improves the crushing quality. At the same time, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments that are not crushed because they are not in contact with the polygonal hammer body will fall freely into a set of filter hoppers below, and then the set of filter hoppers will be brought to the lower set of filter hoppers through the rotation of the second transmission rod. Above the polygonal hammer body, and fall to the polygonal hammer body below under the action of gravity. It eliminates the problem of dead corners that cannot be crushed.

2. The present invention improves the hammer body of the traditional hammer crusher into a polygonal hammer body whose port section is a polygonal structure, so that no matter from which direction the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments come into contact with the polygonal hammer body, they can contact the corresponding one. The inner wall of the punching groove is decomposed after impacting. Then it is bounced to the punching table at the center of the punching groove. After contacting the punching table, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments are further decomposed by the feed opening, so that the waste lithium iron phosphate battery is in contact with the polygonal hammer body. It can be smashed many times, thus strengthening the impact force.

3. By adding a spirally distributed feeding pipe on the inner wall of the spiral collecting hopper, the crushed semi-finished raw materials can be spirally conveyed along the path of the feeding pipe, so as to avoid the semi-finished raw materials falling directly into the discharge port of the finished product, so that the Its internal impurities and dust are removed. In this way, the purity of the finished raw material after crushing is improved.

4. Use the filter hopper to discharge the small waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments, and intercept and rebound the large fragments to avoid the uncrushed fragments from entering the next process. Thereby improving the crushing quality.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the right side of the crushing box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hammer unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a crushing hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 shows the structural schematic diagram of the material returning unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the turntable extension rod and the filter screen installation rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows an exploded schematic diagram of the hammer unit and the return unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a filter material mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a screw aggregate unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw aggregate unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 100, worktable; 200, first motor; 300, transmission mechanism; 400, crushing box; 410, raw material feeding pipe; 420, raw material discharge port; 500, hammer unit; 510, first transmission rod 520, the first turntable; 530, the connecting rod of the hammer body; 540, the crushing hammer; 541, the polygonal hammer body; 542, the punching groove; 543, the punching table; 610, the second transmission rod; 620, the second turntable; 630, the turntable extension rod; 640, the filter screen installation rod; 650, the filter mechanism; 651, the filter frame; 652, the center through hole; 653, the filter hopper; 654 , sieve plate; 700, the second motor; 800, screw collecting unit; 810, screw collecting hopper; 811, arc feed pipe; 812, vacuum pump; 820, dust outlet; 830, induced fan; 840, finished product discharge mouth; 850, feeding pipe; 860, retaining net.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device, including a workbench 100 , a crushing box 400 , a hammer unit 500 , a return unit 600 and a screw aggregate unit 800 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the crushing box 400 is fixedly installed on the workbench 100 , and the right cross section of the casing of the crushing box 400 is a cylindrical structure.

A first motor 200 is fixedly installed on the worktable 100 , and a transmission mechanism 300 is provided on the output end of the first motor 200 .

The hammer unit 500 is installed in the crushing box 400, and the input end of the hammer unit 500 extends to the outside of the crushing box 400, and is driven by the transmission mechanism 300 and the output end of the first motor 200 connect. The hammer unit 500 is used for hammering the waste lithium iron phosphate battery entering into the crushing box 400 to make it into powder.

The returning unit 600 is installed in the pulverizing box 400 , the main body of the returning unit 600 is a cylindrical structure, and the end close to the transmission mechanism 300 is an open structure. The output end of the returning unit 600 extends into the cavity formed by the main body of the returning unit 600 . The material returning unit 600 is used to intercept the waste lithium iron phosphate battery that has not become powder, and bounce it back for secondary pulverization, thereby obtaining semi-finished raw materials.

The input end of the returning unit 600 extends to the outside of one end port of the crushing box 400 away from the transmission mechanism 300 , and is connected to a second motor 700 for transmission.

One end of the crushing box 400 is provided with a raw material feeding pipe 410 , and one end of the raw material feeding pipe 410 extends into the cavity formed by the main body of the material returning unit 600 . The bottom of the crushing box 400 is provided with a raw material discharge port 420 .

The screw collecting unit 800 is located on one side of the crushing box 400 , and the input end of the screw collecting unit 800 communicates with the raw material discharge port 420 . The spiral aggregate unit 800 is used to remove other impurities and dusts except graphite from the semi-finished raw materials, so as to facilitate the subsequent screening of positive electrode materials.

The hammer unit 500 includes a first transmission rod 510 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 3 , the first transmission rod 510 is rotatably connected to one end port of the crushing box 400 , and the central axis of the first transmission rod 510 coincides with the central axis of the crushing box 400 . . One end of the first transmission rod 510 is drivingly connected to the output end of the first motor 200 through the transmission mechanism 300, and the other end of the first transmission rod 510 extends into the crushing box 400, and a first turntable is fixedly installed 520 , the central axis of the first turntable 520 coincides with the central axis of the first transmission rod 510 . On the side wall of the first turntable 520 , with the center axis as the center, several groups of hammer body connecting rods 530 are distributed in an annular array. A crushing hammer 540 is fixedly installed at the other end of the hammer body connecting rod 530 , and the other end of the crushing hammer 540 extends horizontally into the cavity formed by the main body of the material returning unit 600 .

The crushing hammer 540 includes a polygonal hammer body 541 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 4 , the right cross section of the polygonal hammer body 541 is a polygonal structure, and each set of outer walls of the polygonal hammer body 541 is provided with a set of material striking grooves 542 , and the material striking grooves 542 Both ends of the groove 542 are open structures. A material striking table 543 is fixedly installed in the material striking groove 542. A side wall of the material striking table 543 away from the material striking groove 542 is equidistantly arranged with several groups of feed openings 544. The combination of ports 544 may form a serrated structure. The rotation directions of the first transmission rod 510 and the main body of the returning unit 600 are opposite.

First, the first motor 200 and the second motor 700 are started, and the hammer unit 500 and the return unit 600 are respectively driven to rotate in opposite directions by the first motor 200 and the second motor 700 . Then, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery is put into the cavity of the crushing box 400 from the raw material feeding pipe 410. When the waste lithium iron phosphate battery enters the cavity of the crushing box 400, it will first and Several groups of polygonal hammer bodies 541 that perform circular motion with the axis as the center are in contact. When in contact with any side of the polygonal hammer body 541, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery will first fall into the punching groove 542, and will be decomposed due to the impact force during the contact with the punching groove 542, and will be directed toward the punching material. The strike table 543 at the center of the groove 542 bounces. When in contact with the punching table 543, the parts of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery corresponding to each group of feed openings 544 will be separated from the waste lithium iron phosphate battery as a whole, and will be along the extension direction of the feed opening 544 under the action of inertia. It splashes onto the inner wall of the other side of the punching groove 542 . After several times of decomposition, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments will be bounced back to the inner wall of the cavity formed by the main body of the returning unit 600 after contacting the polygonal hammer body 541. If the fragments are small in size, they will pass through the returning unit 600. The gap on the main body falls into the raw material outlet 420 below. If the size of the debris is large, it will be intercepted by the inner wall of the main body of the returning unit 600, and will be rebounded to the corresponding group of polygonal hammers 541 for secondary crushing under the action of inertia, until all debris can pass through the returning material. The gap on the main body of the unit 600 falls into the raw material discharge port 420 below, thereby obtaining semi-finished raw materials.

The present invention improves the hammer body of the traditional hammer crusher into a polygonal hammer body 541 whose port section is a polygonal structure, so that no matter from which direction the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments come into contact with the polygonal hammer body 541, they can contact the corresponding one. The inner wall of the punching groove 542 is decomposed after being impacted. Then it is bounced to the striking table 543 at the center of the striking groove 542. After contacting with the striking table 543, the parts of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery corresponding to the feed ports 544 of each group will be in contact with the waste lithium iron phosphate. The battery is detached as a whole, and under the action of inertia, it splashes to the other inner wall of the punching groove 542 along the extension direction of the feed opening 544, so that the waste lithium iron phosphate battery can be contacted with the polygonal hammer body 541 for many times. impact, thereby strengthening the impact strength and improving the crushing effect.

The returning unit 600 includes a second transmission rod 610 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the second motor 700 is fixedly installed on one end port of the crushing box 400 away from the transmission mechanism 300 , and the output end of the second motor 700 extends into the crushing box 400, and is connected with the second transmission rod 610 in a driving manner. The central axis of the second transmission rod 610 coincides with the central axes of the crushing box 400 and the first transmission rod 510 . A second turntable 620 is fixedly installed at one end of the second transmission rod 610 away from the second motor 700 . The side wall of the second turntable 620 is centered on the central axis, and there are several groups of turntable extension rods 630 distributed in an annular array. The other end of the rod 640 extends horizontally to the end away from the second motor 700 . A set of filter mechanisms 650 is fixedly installed between the adjacent two groups of the filter screen installation rods 640 , and the combination of several groups of the filter screen installation rods 640 and several groups of filter mechanisms 650 can form a cylindrical structure with an open end surface. One ends of several groups of the crushing hammers 540 away from the transmission mechanism 300 all extend into the cavity of the cylindrical structure. The output end of the raw material feeding pipe 410 extends into the cavity of the cylindrical structure, and is located in the gap between the inner wall of the cylindrical structure and the crushing hammer 540 . The rotation direction of the second transmission rod 610 is opposite to the rotation direction of the first transmission rod 510 .

The filtering mechanism 650 includes a filter frame 651 and several groups of sieve plates 654 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 8 , both ends of the filter frame 651 are fixedly mounted on two adjacent sets of filter screen mounting rods 640 respectively, and the filter frame 651 is provided with a central through hole 652 . Several groups of filter hoppers 653 are arranged at equal intervals at the edge of one side of the central through hole 652 away from the central axis of the second transmission rod 610 . The side walls are each formed by a set of screen panels 654 .

A cylindrical structure composed of several groups of filter mechanisms 650 is added between the hammer unit 500 and the inner wall of the crushing box 400. When the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments are hammered and decomposed by the polygonal hammer body 541, they will bounce back to the cylinder. On the inner wall of the structure, smaller fragments will fall into the raw material outlet 420 below through the sieve holes of the sieve plate 654 on the side wall of the filter hopper 653. The larger fragments will be bounced back to the polygonal hammer body 541 by the corresponding filter hopper 653 for secondary pulverization. In addition, the rotation direction of the second transmission rod 610 is opposite to the rotation direction of the first transmission rod 510 , so when the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments hit the inner wall of the filter hopper 653 , the rebound force is stronger. At the same time, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments that are not crushed because they are not in contact with the polygonal hammer body 541 will fall freely into a set of filter hoppers 653 below, and then the set of filter hoppers 653 will come to the polygonal hammer after rotating. Above the body 541, and fall to the lower polygonal hammer body 541 under the action of gravity. It eliminates the problem of dead corners that cannot be crushed.

Since the cross section of the port of the filter hopper 653 has a conical structure, the contact area between the lithium iron phosphate battery fragments and the sieve plate 654 is enlarged. At the same time, the distance between the sieve plate 654 and the polygonal hammer body 541 is also increased, so that the rebound distance of the lithium iron phosphate battery fragments is longer and the acceleration is faster, thereby increasing the impact strength of the fragments and the polygonal hammer body 541 .

The screw collecting unit 800 includes a screw collecting hopper 810 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , the screw collecting hopper 810 is a cylindrical structure, and the screw collecting hopper 810 is located on one side of the crushing box 400 . A dust outlet 820 is opened on the top of the spiral collecting hopper 810 , and an induced fan 830 is fixedly installed in the dust outlet 820 . A finished product discharge port 840 is opened at the bottom of the spiral collecting hopper 810 . The inner wall of the spiral collecting hopper 810 is spirally installed with several sets of feeding pipes 850. The side wall of the feeding pipe 850 away from the inner wall of the spiral collecting hopper 810 is an open structure, and a material stopper is fixedly installed at the opening. Net 860. The output end of the feeding pipe 850 is located above the finished product discharge port 840 . An arc-shaped feeding pipe 811 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the spiral collecting hopper 810 , and the arc-shaped feeding pipe 811 is a fan ring structure. The output end of the arc-shaped feeding pipe 811 extends into the cavity of the screw collecting hopper 810 and communicates with the input end of the feeding pipe 850 . A vacuum pump 812 is provided on the input end of the arc-shaped feed pipe 811 , and the other end of the vacuum pump 812 is communicated with the raw material discharge port 420 through a pipeline. An air inlet is provided on the outer wall of the spiral collecting hopper 810 .

After the crushing work is completed, the vacuum pump 812 is turned on, and the semi-finished raw materials are sucked from the cavity of the crushing box 400 into the arc-shaped feeding pipe 811, and then into the spirally distributed feeding pipe 850, so that the semi-finished raw materials in the screw collecting hopper 810 can be moved along the spiral hopper 810. Spiral transmission. And with the gradual decline of the semi-finished raw material, its centrifugal force gradually increases, and the inertia of the movement speed also gradually increases, so as to separate other impurities and dust except graphite in the semi-finished raw material, and these impurities will also enter through the material blocking net 860. The spiral collecting hopper 810 is in the cavity, and is discharged from the dust outlet 820 under the action of the induced fan 830 . The graphite and cathode material fragments will be discharged through the finished product discharge port 840 below, so as to facilitate subsequent screening work.

By adding a spirally distributed feeding pipe 850 on the inner wall of the spiral hopper 810, the crushed semi-finished raw materials can be spirally conveyed along the path of the feeding pipe 850, so as to avoid the semi-finished raw materials directly falling into the finished product discharge port 840, Therefore, it is impossible to remove the impurities and dust inside it. In this way, the purity of the finished raw material after crushing is improved.

On the basis of the above-mentioned crushing device for a lithium iron phosphate battery, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a crushing method for the crushing device. Exemplarily, the crushing method includes:

Start the first motor and the second motor, and drive the hammer unit and the return unit to rotate in opposite directions through the first motor and the second motor respectively;

Put the waste lithium iron phosphate battery into the cavity of the crushing box from the raw material feeding port. When the waste lithium iron phosphate battery enters the cavity of the crushing box, it will first make a circular motion along the central axis of the first transmission rod. Several groups of polygonal hammer-body contacts of ;

When in contact with one side of the polygonal hammer body, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery will first fall into the punching groove, decompose due to the impact force in the contact with the punching groove, and move toward the center of the punching groove. The striking table rebounds;

When in contact with the punching table, the parts of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery corresponding to each group of feed openings will be separated from the waste lithium iron phosphate battery as a whole, and splash along the extension direction of the feed opening to the strike under the action of inertia. On the inner wall of the other side of the material groove;

After several times of decomposition, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments will be bounced back to the inner wall of the round structure after contacting with the polygonal hammer. In the raw material discharge port;

If the size of the debris is large, it will be intercepted by the filter mechanism, and under the action of inertia, it will be rebounded to a corresponding set of polygonal hammers for secondary crushing, until all debris can fall through the gap on the main body of the return unit. into the raw material discharge port below, and thus obtain semi-finished raw materials;

The waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments that have not been in contact with the polygonal hammer and have not been pulverized will fall freely into a set of filter hoppers below, and then the set of filter hoppers will come to the top of the polygonal hammer after rotation. It falls to the polygonal hammer body below for smashing;

Turn on the vacuum pump, suck the semi-finished raw materials from the crushing box cavity into the arc-shaped feeding pipe, and then enter the spirally distributed feeding pipe, so that the semi-finished raw materials can be spirally transported in the screw collecting hopper;

With the gradual decline of the semi-finished raw material, its centrifugal force gradually increases, and the inertia of the movement speed also gradually increases, so as to separate out other impurities and dust except graphite in the semi-finished raw material, and these impurities will also enter the spiral collector through the material retaining net. in the hopper cavity;

Turn on the induced draft fan, and exhaust the air containing dust and impurities through the induced draft fan;

The graphite and cathode material fragments are discharged through the finished product discharge port below, and the finished product raw materials are obtained after centralized storage.

The filter hopper is used to discharge the small-sized waste lithium iron phosphate battery fragments, and the larger-sized fragments are intercepted and rebounded to avoid the unpulverized fragments from entering the next process, thereby improving the pulverization quality.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some of the technical features; and these Modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a lithium iron phosphate battery breaker which characterized in that: comprises a crushing box (400); the position, close to one end port, on the inner wall of the crushing box (400) is rotatably connected with a material hammering unit (500), and the position, close to the other end port, on the inner wall of the crushing box (400) is rotatably connected with a material returning unit (600);

the material returning unit (600) comprises a second transmission rod (610); the second transmission rod (610) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end, far away from the hammer unit (500), of the crushing box (400), and the central axes of the second transmission rod and the inner wall are overlapped; a second rotating disc (620) is arranged on the second transmission rod (610); a plurality of groups of turntable extension rods (630) are distributed on the side wall of the second turntable (620) in an annular array manner, a filter screen mounting rod (640) is mounted at the other end of each turntable extension rod (630), and the other end of each filter screen mounting rod (640) horizontally extends towards the material hammering unit (500); a group of filtering mechanisms (650) are arranged between every two adjacent groups of the filter screen mounting rods (640), and the rotating direction of the second transmission rod (610) is opposite to that of the hammering unit (500);

one side of the crushing box (400) is provided with a spiral aggregate unit (800), and the input end of the spiral aggregate unit (800) is communicated with the output end of the crushing box (400).

2. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a raw material feeding pipe (410) is arranged at a port at one end of the crushing box (400), the output end of the raw material feeding pipe (410) extends into the cavity of the cylindrical structure and is positioned in a gap between the inner wall of the cylindrical structure and the material hammering unit (500), and a raw material discharging hole (420) is formed in the bottom of the crushing box (400); a plurality of groups of filter screen mounting rods (640) and filter mechanisms (650) are combined to form an open cavity; the output end of the material hammering unit (500) extends into the open cavity.

3. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hammer unit (500) comprises a first transmission rod (510); the first transmission rod (510) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of one end, far away from the second transmission rod (610), of the crushing box (400), and the central axis of the first transmission rod (510) is overlapped with the central axis of the crushing box (400); first carousel (520) is fixed mounting on first transfer line (510), the axis of first carousel (520) and the axis coincidence of first transfer line (510).

4. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the side wall of the first turntable (520) takes the central axis as the center, and a plurality of groups of hammer body connecting rods (530) are distributed in an annular array; the other end of the hammer body connecting rod (530) is fixedly provided with a crushing hammer (540), and the other end of the crushing hammer (540) horizontally extends into the cylindrical structure.

5. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 4, wherein: the material breaking hammer (540) comprises a polygonal hammer body (541); the right-view cross section of the polygonal hammer body (541) is of a polygonal structure, each outer wall of each group of the polygonal hammer body (541) is provided with a group of material hitting grooves (542), and two ends of each material hitting groove (542) are of an open structure; the material hitting platform (543) is installed in the material hitting groove (542), a plurality of groups of material passing openings (544) are arranged on one side wall, away from the material hitting groove (542), of the material hitting platform (543) at equal intervals, and the plurality of groups of material passing openings (544) are combined to form a saw-toothed structure.

6. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the filtering mechanism (650) comprises a filtering material frame (651) and a plurality of groups of sieve plates (654); two ends of the filter material frame (651) are respectively and fixedly installed on the two adjacent groups of filter screen installation rods (640), and a central through hole (652) is formed in the filter material frame (651); the center through hole (652) are kept away from one side edge of second transfer line (610) axis and are equidistantly arranged and have a plurality of groups filter hopper (653), filter hopper (653)'s right side is looked the cross-section and is the toper structure, just filter hopper (653) both sides wall comprises a set of sieve (654) respectively.

7. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the spiral aggregate unit (800) comprises a spiral aggregate hopper (810); the spiral collecting hopper (810) is an open cavity and is positioned at one side of the crushing box (400); a dust outlet (820) is formed in the top of the spiral collecting hopper (810), and a fan (830) is fixedly installed in the dust outlet (820); and a finished product discharge hole (840) is formed in the bottom of the spiral aggregate hopper (810).

8. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 7, wherein: a plurality of groups of blanking pipes (850) are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the spiral collecting hopper (810), one side wall of each blanking pipe (850), which is far away from the inner wall of the spiral collecting hopper (810), is of an open structure, and a material blocking net (860) is fixedly arranged at an opening; the output end of the blanking pipe (850) is positioned above the finished product discharge port (840); the spiral collecting hopper is characterized in that an arc-shaped feeding pipe (811) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the spiral collecting hopper (810), and the axial section of the arc-shaped feeding pipe (811) is of a fan-shaped annular structure.

9. The lithium iron phosphate battery crushing device according to claim 8, wherein: the output end of the arc-shaped feeding pipe (811) extends into the cavity of the spiral collecting hopper (810) and is communicated with the input end of the blanking pipe (850); be equipped with vacuum pump (812) on the input of arcuation inlet pipe (811), the vacuum pump (812) other end pass through the pipeline with raw materials discharge gate (420) intercommunication.

10. A crushing method implemented by the lithium iron phosphate battery crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the crushing method comprises the following steps:

starting a power system of the material hammering unit and the material returning unit;

putting the waste lithium iron phosphate batteries into a cavity of a crushing box through a raw material feeding hole, and performing impact crushing on the waste lithium iron phosphate batteries through a hammering unit to obtain battery fragments;

the crushed battery fragments are rebounded to the inner wall of the cylindrical structure through the material hammering unit, and the battery fragments with larger sizes are intercepted by the filtering mechanism and rebound to the material hammering unit again for secondary or multiple crushing;

discharging fragments with smaller size after being crushed for two or more times through a gap on the main body of the filtering mechanism to obtain a semi-finished raw material;

and removing other impurity dust except the anode material and graphite in the semi-finished raw material by a spiral collecting unit, and finally obtaining the finished raw material.

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