CN114459719B - Horizontal impact test device - Google Patents
Horizontal impact test device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114459719B CN114459719B CN202210246125.7A CN202210246125A CN114459719B CN 114459719 B CN114459719 B CN 114459719B CN 202210246125 A CN202210246125 A CN 202210246125A CN 114459719 B CN114459719 B CN 114459719B
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- impact
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- damper
- guide rod
- hammer
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal impact test device, which comprises a base, a damper, a buffer plate, an impact hammer, a guide rod, a coil, a direct current high-voltage generator and a waveform generator, wherein the damper is arranged on the base; the damper, the buffer plate, the impact hammer and the coil are arranged in the base, the impact hammer can penetrate through the coil along the guide rod to strike the buffer plate, and the buffer plate and the impact hammer collide with each other in a centering manner. During impact test, the direct current high voltage generator can apply high voltage to the coil to enable the coil to generate strong electromagnetic force, and the impact hammer is driven to move along the guide rod in an accelerating mode to impact the buffer plate, so that impact is generated on the waveform generator. The horizontal impact test device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation, high safety performance, adjustable impact overload waveform period and peak value and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of impact tests, in particular to a horizontal impact test device.
Background
Under the condition of large overload, for example, when the experimental condition simulation for simulating the problems of explosion, impact and the like is carried out, a mechanical wave impact test device is needed, and the existing horizontal impact test device has the problems that the impact is increased along with the using times, the contact part is easy to generate plastic deformation, the parts are not easy to replace, the impact speed is difficult to control, the obtained waveform peak value and the period are not easy to adjust and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a horizontal impact test device which has the advantages of controllable impact speed, difficult abrasion and deformation of a contact surface, adjustable waveform period and peak value, high safety and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme:
a horizontal impact test device comprising a support system, a magnetic force generation system, and a collision system, wherein:
the support system comprises a base with an overall cuboid outer frame, and an upper pair of guide rods and a lower pair of guide rods are arranged in the base in parallel along the length direction of the base;
the magnetic force generation system comprises a coil and a direct current high-voltage generator with adjustable voltage, wherein the direct current high-voltage generator is connected with the coil, and the coil is supported in the middle of the base;
the collision system comprises an impact hammer, a buffer plate, a damper and a waveform generator, wherein one end of the damper is connected with the inner side wall of the base, the other end of the damper is connected with the buffer plate penetrating through the guide rod, the impact hammer penetrates through the guide rod and can slide along the guide rod, the impact hammer can penetrate through the coil and the buffer plate to realize free collision in centering, and a signal sensing piece of the waveform generator is adhered to one side, close to the damper, of the buffer plate;
during impact test, the direct current high voltage generator can apply high voltage to the coil to enable the coil to generate strong electromagnetic force, and the impact hammer is driven to move along the guide rod in an accelerating mode to impact the buffer plate, so that impact is generated on the waveform generator.
Further, the impact hammer comprises a hammer body and four connecting plates uniformly distributed along the peripheral surface of the hammer body, one end of each connecting plate is fixed on the hammer body, and the other end of each connecting plate is arranged on the guide rod in a penetrating mode.
Further, the middle part of the buffer plate is provided with a groove matched with the end face of the impact hammer.
Further, the coil is close to the one end of buffer board and is equipped with the photoswitch that is used for controlling direct current high voltage generator, and photoswitch detects that the jump bit is worn out the coil and can control direct current high voltage generator and close.
Further, the damper is any one of an electromagnetic damper, a hydraulic damper, a spring damper or an air damper.
Further, the base comprises a supporting seat which is integrally U-shaped, two parallel supporting rods with the same height are arranged at the opening of the supporting seat through the support of the two parallel side walls, and one side wall in the supporting seat is detachably connected with the bottom wall.
Further, a through hole matched with the guide rod is formed in the detachable side wall of the supporting seat, and a threaded hole matched with a threaded section at one end of the guide rod is formed in the other side wall of the supporting seat.
Further, the coil is supported in the base through a fixing ring.
Further, the fixed ring comprises an upper insulating semicircular plate, a lower insulating semicircular plate and an upper pair of supporting legs, rib plates with threaded holes are arranged at two ends of the upper insulating semicircular plate and the lower insulating semicircular plate, one end of each upper supporting leg is fixed on the upper insulating semicircular plate, the other end of each upper supporting leg is fixed on the supporting rod, one end of each lower supporting leg is fixed on the lower insulating semicircular plate, and the other end of each lower supporting leg is fixed on the bottom wall of the supporting seat.
Further, the magnetic force generated by the coil can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the direct-current high-voltage generator, so that the impact speed of the impact hammer is adjusted; the regulation and control of the impact overload waveform can be realized by regulating the damping of the damper.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the horizontal impact test device provided by the invention, the direct-current high-voltage generator can apply high voltage to the coil to enable the coil to generate strong electromagnetic force, so that the impact hammer is driven to accelerate along the guide rod to move to impact the buffer plate, and further impact is generated on the waveform generator. The device has simple structure, easy operation and good application prospect.
(2) According to the invention, the groove matched with the end face of the impact hammer is arranged in the middle of the buffer plate, so that the collision contact area is increased, the problems of relative sliding, plastic deformation and the like of the contact surface caused by collision and impact are avoided, and the load transmission efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a horizontal impact test apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the impact hammer according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a buffer plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fixing ring in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of an air damper according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the support system according to the present invention.
The graphic indicia: 1. the impact hammer comprises an impact hammer, 11, a hammer body, 12, a connecting plate, 2, a direct current high-voltage generator, 3, a fixed ring, 31, an insulating semicircular plate, 32, an upper supporting leg, 33, a lower supporting leg, 4, a guide rod, 5, a waveform generator, 6, an air damper, 61, a fixed disc, 62, an air spring, 7, a buffer plate, 71, a groove, 8, a base, 81, a supporting seat, 82, a supporting rod, 9 and a coil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in connection with specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a horizontal impact test apparatus includes a support system, a magnetic force generating system, and a collision system, wherein:
the support system comprises a base 8 with an overall cuboid outer frame, and an upper guide rod pair and a lower guide rod pair 4 are arranged in the base 8 in parallel along the length direction of the base;
the magnetic force generation system comprises a coil 9 and a direct current high-voltage generator 2 with adjustable voltage, wherein the direct current high-voltage generator 2 is connected with the coil 9, and the coil 9 is supported in the middle of a base 8;
the collision system comprises an impact hammer 1, a buffer plate 7, a damper and a waveform generator 5, wherein one end of the damper is connected with the inner side wall of a base 8, the other end of the damper is connected with the buffer plate 7 penetrating through a guide rod 4 (elastic support is provided), the impact hammer 1 penetrates through the guide rod 4 and can slide along the guide rod 4, the impact hammer 1 can penetrate through a coil 9 to realize free collision with the buffer plate 7 in a centering manner, and a signal sensing piece of the waveform generator 5 is stuck on one side, close to the damper, of the buffer plate 7 to record and draw an impact overload waveform;
during impact test, the direct current high voltage generator 2 can apply high voltage to the coil 9 to enable the coil 9 to generate strong electromagnetic force, so that the impact hammer 1 is driven to accelerate along the guide rod 4 to move to impact the buffer plate 7, and impact is generated on the waveform generator 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the impact hammer 1 includes a hammer body 11 and four connecting plates 12 uniformly distributed along the outer peripheral surface of the hammer body 11, one end of each connecting plate 12 is fixed on the hammer body 11, and the other end is arranged on the guide rod 4 in a penetrating manner.
In detail, referring to fig. 3, a groove 71 matching with the end face of the impact hammer 1 is provided in the middle of the buffer plate 7, and the impact contact area is increased by providing the groove 71, so as to avoid the problems of relative sliding, plastic deformation and the like of the contact surface generated by impact and impact, and the pressure intensity per unit area is smaller, and the deformation and abrasion of the impact surface are smaller.
The end of the coil 9 adjacent to the buffer plate 7 is provided with a photoswitch for controlling the dc high voltage generator 2, and the photoswitch can control the dc high voltage generator 2 to be turned off when detecting that the impact hammer 1 passes through the coil 9.
Further, the damper is an electromagnetic damper (the electromagnetic damper can change stiffness and damping by changing exciting voltage value), a hydraulic damper, a spring damper or an air damper 6 and other elastic dampers. In fig. 1 and fig. 5, taking an air damper as an example, the air damper 6 includes an air spring 62, fixing plates 61 disposed at two sides of the air spring 62, and a safety air valve connected to the air spring 62 to regulate the air pressure inside the air spring 62, so as to ensure that the center line of the buffer plate 7 is consistent with the center line of the air damper 6.
Referring to fig. 6, the base 8 includes a support base 81 that is U-shaped integrally, two parallel support rods 82 with equal height are installed at the opening of the support base 81 through the support of two parallel side walls, and one side wall of the support base 81 is detachably connected with the bottom wall (the side wall is referred to as a "detachable side wall" or a "detachable side wall" in the present specification). Reinforcing ribs are arranged between the bottom wall of the supporting seat 81 and the supporting rods 82 and between the two supporting rods 82.
Further, one end of the guide rod 4 is provided with a threaded section, a through hole matched with the guide rod 4 is formed in the detachable side wall of the supporting seat 81, and a threaded hole matched with the threaded section of the guide rod 4 is formed in the other side wall.
Further, the coil 9 is supported in the base 8 by the fixing ring 3, referring to fig. 4 in detail, the fixing ring 3 includes an upper and a lower insulating semicircular plates 31 and an upper and a lower pairs of supporting legs 32,33, the two ends of the upper and the lower insulating semicircular plates 31 are provided with rib plates with threaded holes, one ends of the upper supporting legs 32 are fixed on the upper insulating semicircular plates 31, the other ends are fixed on the supporting rods 82, one ends of the lower supporting legs 33 are fixed on the lower insulating semicircular plates 31, and the other ends are fixed on the bottom wall of the supporting seat 81.
When the device is installed, firstly, a guide rod 4 is screwed into a threaded hole in the side wall (the side wall refers to the side wall corresponding to the detachable side wall) of a supporting seat 81, then a damper is installed and fixed on the side wall, a buffer plate 7 penetrates through the guide rod 4 to be connected with the damper, a lower insulating semicircular plate is installed, a coil 9 is placed on the lower insulating semicircular plate, an upper insulating semicircular plate is buckled on the coil 9 and is fixedly connected with the lower insulating semicircular plate through bolts, an impact hammer 1 penetrates through the guide rod 4, one end, far away from the damper, of the guide rod 4 is inserted into a through hole in the detachable side wall of the supporting seat 81 to support the stable guide rod 4, the detachable side wall in the supporting seat 81 is fixed with the bottom wall through bolts, a direct-current high-voltage generator 2 is started, the coil 9 generates strong magnetic force to drive the impact hammer 1 to impact the buffer plate 7, further impact is generated on a waveform generator 5, the impact speed of the impact hammer 1 is controlled by adjusting the voltage of the direct-current high-voltage generator 2 (the voltage of the direct-current high-voltage generator 2 is adjustable, the magnetic force generated by changing the voltage applied to the coil 9, and the peak value of the impact hammer 1 is controlled when the impact speed is controlled), and waveform speed is adjusted; the waveform period is regulated and controlled by regulating the damping of the damper (such as regulating the air pressure of an air spring in an air damping system).
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A horizontal impact test device, characterized in that: including braced system, magnetic force generation system and collision system, wherein:
the support system comprises a base with an overall cuboid outer frame, and an upper pair of guide rods and a lower pair of guide rods are arranged in the base in parallel along the length direction of the base;
the magnetic force generation system comprises a coil and a direct current high-voltage generator with adjustable voltage, wherein the direct current high-voltage generator is connected with the coil, and the coil is supported in the middle of the base;
the collision system comprises an impact hammer, a buffer plate, a damper and a waveform generator, wherein one end of the damper is connected with the inner side wall of the base, the other end of the damper is connected with the buffer plate penetrating through the guide rod, the impact hammer penetrates through the guide rod and can slide along the guide rod, the impact hammer can penetrate through the coil and the buffer plate to realize free collision in centering, and a signal sensing piece of the waveform generator is adhered to one side, close to the damper, of the buffer plate;
during impact test, the direct-current high-voltage generator can apply high voltage to the coil to enable the coil to generate strong electromagnetic force, and drive the impact hammer to move along the guide rod in an accelerating way to impact the buffer plate, so that impact is generated on the waveform generator;
the impact hammer comprises a hammer body and four connecting plates uniformly distributed along the peripheral surface of the hammer body, one end of each connecting plate is fixed on the hammer body, and the other end of each connecting plate is penetrated on the guide rod;
the middle part of the buffer plate is provided with a groove matched with the end face of the impact hammer;
the base comprises a supporting seat which is integrally U-shaped, two parallel supporting rods with the same height are arranged at the opening of the supporting seat through the support of two parallel side walls, and one side wall in the supporting seat is detachably connected with the bottom wall;
the coil is supported in the base through the fixing ring;
the fixed ring comprises an upper insulating semicircular plate and a lower insulating semicircular plate, an upper pair of supporting legs and a lower pair of supporting legs, rib plates with threaded holes are arranged at the two ends of the upper insulating semicircular plate and the lower insulating semicircular plate, one end of each upper supporting leg is fixed on the upper insulating semicircular plate, the other end of each upper supporting leg is fixed on the supporting rod, one end of each lower supporting leg is fixed on the lower insulating semicircular plate, and the other end of each lower supporting leg is fixed on the bottom wall of the supporting seat.
2. A horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the coil is close to the one end of buffer board and is equipped with the photoswitch that is used for controlling direct current high voltage generator, and photoswitch detects that the jump bit is worn out the coil and can control direct current high voltage generator and close.
3. A horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the damper is any one of an electromagnetic damper, a hydraulic damper, a spring damper or an air damper.
4. A horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the detachable side wall of the supporting seat is provided with a through hole matched with the guide rod, and the other side wall is provided with a threaded hole matched with the threaded section at one end of the guide rod.
5. A horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic force generated by the coil can be regulated by regulating the voltage of the direct-current high-voltage generator, so that the impact speed of the impact hammer is regulated; the regulation and control of the impact overload waveform can be realized by regulating the damping of the damper.
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CN202210246125.7A CN114459719B (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2022-03-14 | Horizontal impact test device |
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