CN114455872B - Low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste - Google Patents

Low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste Download PDF

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CN114455872B
CN114455872B CN202210291709.6A CN202210291709A CN114455872B CN 114455872 B CN114455872 B CN 114455872B CN 202210291709 A CN202210291709 A CN 202210291709A CN 114455872 B CN114455872 B CN 114455872B
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clay
lightweight aggregate
iron tailings
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CN114455872A (en
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曹擎宇
宋家茂
于英俊
郝挺宇
钱元弟
夏青
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Central Research Institute of Building and Construction Co Ltd MCC Group
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02Treatment
    • C04B20/04Heat treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06Quartz; Sand
    • C04B14/062Microsilica, e.g. colloïdal silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/10Clay
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02Treatment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes, and particularly relates to a low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine wastes and a preparation method thereof. The lightweight aggregate comprises 90-97 parts of iron tailings, 1-6 parts of coal gangue, 2-10 parts of clay and 0.5-2 parts of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres. The preparation method comprises mixing part of iron tailings, coal gangue, part of clay and cyclodextrin modified silica nanometer microsphere, adding 30-40% water, mixing, and sieving to obtain wet granule; then adding the rest iron tailings and the rest clay into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 5-10% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, and drying; and finally, calcining the dried particles, and cooling to obtain the catalyst. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared by adopting the mine waste can realize the reutilization of solid wastes such as iron tailings, coal gangue and the like, and the ceramsite lightweight aggregate with low density, low water absorption and high cylinder pressure strength is prepared.

Description

Low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes, and particularly relates to a low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine wastes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramic particles are ceramic particles with a water-proof and gas-retaining ceramic layer or an enamel layer on the surface and a uniform porous structure inside. Because of its advantages of light weight, high strength, low water absorption, fire resistance and corrosion resistance, it is widely used in the fields of building, filtering material, flower, etc.
The iron tailings and the coal gangue become the largest solid wastes in the current stockpiling amount in China, and how to change the iron tailings with rich products into valuable substances, realize secondary utilization, solve economic and environmental pollution and become a research hotspot and difficulty of current energy conservation and emission reduction. The iron tailing ceramsite is ceramsite which takes iron tailings as a main raw material, and industrial solid waste is taken as a raw material to replace natural resources to prepare building materials, so that the method for solving the problem of the iron tailings is one of the methods.
At present, a mature technology is formed on the research of using natural minerals such as shale, clay and the like and using fly ash as ceramsite, but the research of firing ceramsite by using various tailings is still started. At present, researchers develop ceramsite by utilizing tailings such as perlite tailings, fluorite tailings, phosphorus lime tailings, copper tailings, iron tailings, tungsten tailings, silver tailings and the like, and fire the qualified ceramsite which meets CB/T17431-2010 requirements. The method for firing the ceramsite by using the iron tailings is also researched, but on one hand, the performance of the prepared ceramsite of the iron tailings needs to be improved, most of the prepared ceramsite is 700-grade 800-grade light-weight common building ceramsite, the research on the ceramsite with the properties of light weight, high strength, low water absorption and the like is lacked, on the other hand, the utilization rate of the iron tailings needs to be improved, and on the other hand, the performance and the process for preparing the ceramsite by using different types of iron tailings are different, and the targeted research is lacked.
The Chinese patent application CN104892019A discloses an ultra-light ceramsite prepared by taking solid waste as raw material, which adopts the following raw material components and the total parts of the raw material components are calculated according to 100 parts of the mass fraction, the water content and the granularity of each component: 40-45 parts of clay iron-containing tailings, wherein the water content is less than 5%, and the sieve residue of a square-hole sieve with the granularity of 0.08mm is less than 5%; 12-49 parts of coal gangue, the water content is less than 5%, and the sieve residue of a square-hole sieve with the granularity of 0.08mm is 55%; 10-13 parts of dewatered sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant, the water content is less than 5%, the screen allowance of a square-hole screen with the granularity of 0.08mm is 55%, and in the preparation process, the preheating temperature is 500-. But the utilization rate of the iron tailings is low, and the performance of the prepared ceramsite is also poor.
The Chinese patent application CN101967063A also discloses that ceramsite is prepared by utilizing high-silicon fine iron tailings, and the ceramsite is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of fine-grained iron tailings, 10-25 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of coal gangue and 10-20 parts of red mud. Weighing the components of the raw materials according to the weight parts, mixing, plasticizing and homogenizing the weighed raw materials, prefabricating ceramsite by using a roll machine, conveying the prepared ceramsite into a rotary kiln for burning and expanding, then placing the sintered ceramsite in a stockpiling factory for natural cooling, and detecting the performance of the cooled ceramsite product, wherein the water absorption rate and the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramsite are still required to be improved. The utilization rate of the iron tailings is insufficient. The most important defect is high energy consumption, which does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from the mine waste, which can realize the high utilization rate of the iron tailings and coal gangue solid waste, and the prepared ceramsite has low density, low water absorption rate, high cylinder pressure strength and low preparation energy consumption, and compared with the conventional process, the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate can save 30% of energy consumption, is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-97 parts of iron tailings, 1-6 parts of coal gangue, 2-10 parts of clay and 0.5-2 parts of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
Preferably, the clay has a particle size of 3-5% by weight on a 80 μm sieve, and the mineral component of the clay includes kaolinite and quartz.
Preferably, the sieve residue of the coal gangue with the granularity of 80 μm is 2-4%, the sieve residue of the iron tailings with the granularity of 80 μm is 8-10%, and the mud content is 70-80%.
Preferably, the content of hematite, calcite, chlorite, quartz, microcline feldspar, iron dolomite and pyroxene in the iron tailings is 12-16%, 25-30%, 23-28%, 5-9%, 2-6%, 3-7% and 8-12%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the clay is 1: 1-5.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing part of iron tailings, coal gangue, part of clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30-40% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving to obtain wet granules;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and the residual clay into the wet particles, adding water, uniformly mixing, and drying;
(3) and (3) calcining the dried particles in the step (2), and cooling to obtain the catalyst.
Preferably, the part of the iron tailings in the step (1) is 60-80% of iron tailings, the part of the clay is 45-55% of clay, and the sieving is a 10-18-mesh sieve.
Preferably, the drying in the step (2) is raising the temperature to 100-105 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 h; the ratio of the mass of the water to the total mass of the residual iron tailings and the residual clay is 0.05-0.2: 1.
Preferably, the calcination in step (3) is performed by keeping at 360-400 ℃ for 5-10min, then raising the temperature to 850-900 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 10-15 min.
The invention further aims to provide application of the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate in preparing lightweight structural concrete.
The invention also aims to provide lightweight structural concrete, which comprises the raw materials of 450-520 parts of the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate, 330-370 parts of cement, 60-80 parts of admixture, 380 parts of sand 360-10 parts of admixture and 140 parts of water 120-140 parts.
The additive is acrylic emulsion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention takes iron tailings as a main raw material, and then coal gangue, clay and cyclodextrin modified silica nano microspheres are mixed to fire ceramsite, the iron tailings, the clay and the cyclodextrin modified silica nano microspheres are firstly prepared into core wet particles which have uniform spatial structures and are mutually bonded, then the core wet particles are mixed with the rest clay and the iron tailings on the surfaces of the wet particles to carry out secondary inclusion, the core wet particles uniformly release gas through calcination to generate a large amount of micropores, and the existence of a framework such as silica ensures the internal strength; the clay and the iron tailings with a certain proportion are coated outside the ceramic particles, so that the cylinder pressure strength of the ceramic particles is higher, and the water absorption is reduced. The light ceramsite with low density, high cylinder pressure strength and low water absorption is obtained through the high pores of the core particles and the high hardness of the frame and the outer layer.
(2) By selecting materials, a large amount of industrial waste residues and waste residue products are used, so that the method is green and environment-friendly, low in cost and high in income; through research on the preparation process, the calcination process has the great advantage of low energy consumption compared with the traditional method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. The following raw materials are all commercially available conventional materials.
Wherein the iron tailings are provided by Luzhong mining industry, untreated iron tailings are sludge-shaped, are dried and ground into powder until all the iron tailings pass through a standard sieve of 0.15mm for later use, and the fineness of the iron tailings is 9.4% as measured by an 80-micron sieve analysis experiment. According to GB/T14684-2011 'construction sand', the water content of the iron tailings is determined to be 60.24%, and the mud content is 76.14%; when the iron tailings are left standing for a long enough time, the water content is 33.48%. The analysis results of the physical and chemical properties of the iron tailings are shown in the following table 1.
The coal gangue and clay are obtained from Hebei ancient metallurgy, the fineness of the coal gangue measured by 80 μm sieve analysis experiment is 2.9%, the particle size of the clay is 80 μm, the sieve residue is 3-5%, and the mineral components of the clay comprise kaolinite and quartz.
The cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano-microsphere is provided by Xianqiyue biotechnology Limited, the product number is 352352; can also be made by self.
TABLE 1 iron tailings test results
Name of raw materials Hematite (iron ore) Calcite Chlorite (chlorite) Quartz Plagioclase feldspar Microcline feldspar Iron dolomite Pyroxene
Iron tailings 14% 27% 26% 7% 7% 4% 5% 10%
Example 1
In the embodiment, the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 90 parts of iron tailings, 2 parts of coal gangue, 7 parts of clay and 1 part of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 70% of iron tailings, coal gangue, 50% of clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and the residual clay into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 5% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and drying;
(3) keeping the dried particles in the step (2) at 360 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 850 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 91 parts of iron tailings, 4 parts of coal gangue, 4.5 parts of clay and 0.5 part of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 60% of iron tailings, coal gangue, 55% of clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by using a 18-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and the residual clay into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 10% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, heating to 100 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3h, and drying;
(3) keeping the dried particles in the step (2) at 400 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 850 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Example 3
The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of iron tailings, 2 parts of coal gangue, 2.5 parts of clay and 0.5 part of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 80% of iron tailings, coal gangue, 45% of clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and the residual clay into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 10% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and drying;
(3) keeping the dried particles in the step (2) at 360 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 97 parts of iron tailings, 1 part of coal gangue, 1 part of clay and 1 part of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 60% of iron tailings, coal gangue, 55% of clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by using a 10-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and the residual clay into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 10% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and drying;
(3) keeping the dried particles in the step (2) at 400 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 900 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the lightweight aggregate component does not contain clay. The comparative example low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 95 parts of iron tailings, 2 parts of coal gangue and 3 parts of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 80% of iron tailings, coal gangue and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles;
(2) adding the rest iron tailings into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 10% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and drying;
(3) keeping the dried particles in the step (2) at 360 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the components of the lightweight aggregate do not contain cyclodextrin-modified silica nanospheres. The comparative example low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 95 parts of iron tailings, 2 parts of coal gangue and 3 parts of clay.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 80% of iron tailings, coal gangue and 45% of clay, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and clay into the wet particles, adding the wet particles into a 10% aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and drying;
(3) keeping the dried particles in the step (2) at 360 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the weight ratio of the components of the lightweight aggregate is different, and the concrete composition is as follows: 95 parts of iron tailings, 1.5 parts of coal gangue, 0.5 part of clay and 3 parts of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the preparation method of the ceramsite is different. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing iron tailings, coal gangue, clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding 30% of water, uniformly mixing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain wet particles; then heating to 105 ℃ at room temperature at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and drying;
(2) keeping the dried particles in the step (1) at 360 ℃ for 10min, then heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 15min, and cooling to obtain the product.
Experiment one
According to the national standard lightweight aggregate and the test method part 2: lightweight aggregate test methods (GB/T17431.2-2010) lightweight aggregate ceramsite samples prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 were measured for their properties including apparent density, porosity, column strength, water absorption and bulk density, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 lightweight aggregate Properties
Figure BDA0003558416090000061
The invention adopts a large amount of solid wastes and a small amount of modified silicon dioxide to prepare the core wet particles, and adopts an outer layer inclusion technology to prepare the lightweight aggregate, which has low density, high cylinder pressure strength and low water absorption. Comparative examples 1-2 lack clay and cyclodextrin modified silica, respectively, and comparative example 3 has an inappropriate raw material ratio, and the aggregate produced therefrom has deteriorated water absorption and barrel pressure strength. Comparative example 4, which employs a conventional mixed calcination process, has a cylinder compressive strength significantly lower than that of the inventive example, and a water absorption rate significantly increased. The lightweight aggregate prepared by the invention has better performance.
Experiment two
The lightweight aggregate of the invention is used for preparing concrete, and the lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials: 490 parts of low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared in example 1, 370 parts of cement, 80 parts of admixture, 360 parts of sand, 8.9 parts of acrylic emulsion and 125 parts of water.
The water-gel ratio is 0.28, and the expansion degree is 600 mm; dry volume weight of 1120kg m -3 The concrete compressive strength is 48.3 MPa.
The above detailed description is specific to one possible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate prepared from mine waste is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 90-97 parts of iron tailings, 1-6 parts of coal gangue, 2-10 parts of clay and 0.5-2 parts of cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres;
the preparation method of the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing part of iron tailings, coal gangue, part of clay and cyclodextrin modified silicon dioxide nano microspheres, adding water, uniformly mixing, and sieving to obtain wet granules;
(2) adding the residual iron tailings and the residual clay into the wet particles, adding water, uniformly mixing, and drying;
(3) calcining the dried particles in the step (2) and cooling to obtain the catalyst.
2. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the clay has a particle size of 80 μm and a sieve residue of 3 to 5%, and the mineral component of the clay comprises kaolinite and quartz.
3. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the coal gangue has a particle size of 80 μm, the sieve residue is 2-4%, the iron tailings has a particle size of 80 μm, the sieve residue is 8-10%, and the mud content is 70-80%.
4. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the iron tailings contain hematite 12-16%, calcite 25-30%, chlorite 23-28%, quartz 5-9%, microcline feldspar 2-6%, dolomite 3-7%, and pyroxene 8-12%.
5. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the clay is 1: 1-5.
6. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the part of the iron tailings in the step (1) is 60-80% of the iron tailings, the part of the clay is 45-55% of the clay, and the sieving is performed by a sieve of 10-18 meshes.
7. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the drying in the step (2) is carried out by raising the temperature to 100-105 ℃ at the room temperature at a speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2-3h, wherein the ratio of the mass of the water to the total mass of the residual iron tailings and the residual clay is 0.05-0.2: 1.
8. The low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the calcination in step (3) is carried out by keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ for 5-10min and then raising the temperature to 900 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min and keeping the temperature for 10-15 min.
9. A lightweight structural concrete, characterized in that the raw materials of the concrete comprise 520 parts of the low-density high-strength lightweight aggregate of any one of claims 1 to 5, 370 parts of cement 330-; the additive is acrylic emulsion.
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CN101967063B (en) * 2009-07-28 2012-06-06 鞍钢集团矿业公司 Ceramsite prepared from high-silicon fine iron tailings and preparation method thereof
CN104892019B (en) * 2015-05-27 2017-09-26 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 A kind of Superlight ceramsites all prepared by raw material of solid waste
CN106587931B (en) * 2016-12-16 2018-08-24 广东清大同科环保技术有限公司 A kind of light high-strength haydite and preparation method thereof
CN107010886A (en) * 2017-04-26 2017-08-04 中国十七冶集团有限公司 A kind of preparation method of iron tailings sludge ceramsite lightweight pervious concrete and haydite
CN107673738A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-02-09 武汉钢铁有限公司 A kind of iron ore tailings haydite and preparation method
CN110818439A (en) * 2019-09-09 2020-02-21 三河市纳诺科斯机电产品制造有限公司 Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage
CN113845323B (en) * 2021-07-09 2023-01-13 西南科技大学 High-performance core-shell lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof

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